(abstrak) UJI EFEKTIFITAS EKSTRAK FASE MINYAK BUNGA KRISAN (Chrysanthemum indicum) SEBAGAI REPELEN...

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* Student of Medical Faculty, Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta **Parasitology Department, Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta UJI EFEKTIFITAS EKSTRAK FASE MINYAK BUNGA KRISAN (Chrysanthemum indicum) SEBAGAI REPELEN NYAMUK Aedes aegypti THE EFFECTIVITY TEST OF EXTRACT OIL-PHASE FROM CHRYSANT FLOWER (Chrysanthemum indicum) AS A REPELLENT FOR Aedes aegypti Rizka Fakhriani*, Tri Wulandari** Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta ABSTRACT Aedes aegypti mosquito is the main vector of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever which caused by dengue virus. DHF is an important disease because can cause the sufferer die in the several days. One of the several ways to prevent the transmission of DHF is by use repellant. Repellant that usually used is DEET. DEET has toxic effect. So, it need safe repellant for the alternative. The purpose of this study is to the effectivity of Extract Oil-Phase from Chrysant Flower (Chrysanthemum indicum) as A Repellent for Aedes aegypti. This study consists of 9 groups with marmot as the subject of study. First until seventh marmot smeared by chrysant flower extract in concentration 0,1%, 1%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Eight marmot smeared by DEET 12,5% (C+). Ninth marmot smeared by olive oil (C-). Counted 2 ml materials test smeared at the skin which have been shaved for 5x5 cm 2 . After that, put the marmot in the cage in order not to move, and then put the cage in mosquito’s cage with 25 female Aedes aegypti. Then, observe for first 10 minute in 6 hours after the exposure. Every treatment repeats twice. The result analyzed with probit, shows RC 50 at 8,58% with RT 50 at 6,22 hours long. Result tested with One Way Anova statistic test shows the significance (p<0,05) at C-, C+, and treatment group at concentration 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Treatment group at 01% and 1% are not significantly different with C- (p>0,05). It can conclude that crysant flower extract at concentration 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% are effective as repellant for Aedes aegypti and not effective at concentration 0,1% and 1%. Keyword: Aedes aegypti, repellant, Chrysanthemum indicum.

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Transcript of (abstrak) UJI EFEKTIFITAS EKSTRAK FASE MINYAK BUNGA KRISAN (Chrysanthemum indicum) SEBAGAI REPELEN...

Page 1: (abstrak) UJI EFEKTIFITAS EKSTRAK FASE MINYAK BUNGA KRISAN (Chrysanthemum indicum) SEBAGAI REPELEN NYAMUK Aedes aegypti

* Student of Medical Faculty, Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta

**Parasitology Department, Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta

UJI EFEKTIFITAS EKSTRAK FASE MINYAK BUNGA KRISAN

(Chrysanthemum indicum) SEBAGAI REPELEN NYAMUK Aedes aegypti

THE EFFECTIVITY TEST OF EXTRACT OIL-PHASE FROM CHRYSANT

FLOWER (Chrysanthemum indicum) AS A REPELLENT FOR Aedes aegypti

Rizka Fakhriani*, Tri Wulandari**

Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

ABSTRACT

Aedes aegypti mosquito is the main vector of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever

which caused by dengue virus. DHF is an important disease because can cause

the sufferer die in the several days. One of the several ways to prevent the

transmission of DHF is by use repellant. Repellant that usually used is DEET.

DEET has toxic effect. So, it need safe repellant for the alternative. The purpose

of this study is to the effectivity of Extract Oil-Phase from Chrysant Flower

(Chrysanthemum indicum) as A Repellent for Aedes aegypti.

This study consists of 9 groups with marmot as the subject of study. First

until seventh marmot smeared by chrysant flower extract in concentration 0,1%,

1%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Eight marmot smeared by DEET 12,5%

(C+). Ninth marmot smeared by olive oil (C-). Counted 2 ml materials test

smeared at the skin which have been shaved for 5x5 cm2. After that, put the

marmot in the cage in order not to move, and then put the cage in mosquito’s

cage with 25 female Aedes aegypti. Then, observe for first 10 minute in 6 hours

after the exposure. Every treatment repeats twice.

The result analyzed with probit, shows RC 50 at 8,58% with RT 50 at 6,22

hours long. Result tested with One Way Anova statistic test shows the significance

(p<0,05) at C-, C+, and treatment group at concentration 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%,

and 100%. Treatment group at 01% and 1% are not significantly different with C-

(p>0,05). It can conclude that crysant flower extract at concentration 10%, 25%,

50%, 75%, and 100% are effective as repellant for Aedes aegypti and not effective

at concentration 0,1% and 1%.

Keyword: Aedes aegypti, repellant, Chrysanthemum indicum.

Page 2: (abstrak) UJI EFEKTIFITAS EKSTRAK FASE MINYAK BUNGA KRISAN (Chrysanthemum indicum) SEBAGAI REPELEN NYAMUK Aedes aegypti

* Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

**Bagian Parasitologi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

UJI EFEKTIFITAS EKSTRAK FASE MINYAK BUNGA KRISAN

(Chrysanthemum indicum) SEBAGAI REPELEN NYAMUK Aedes aegypti

THE EFFECTIVITY TEST OF EXTRACT OIL-PHASE FROM CHRYSANT

FLOWER (Chrysanthemum indicum) AS A REPELLENT FOR Aedes aegypti

Rizka Fakhriani*, Tri Wulandari**

Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

ABSTRAK

Nyamuk Aedes aegypti merupakan vektor utama penyakit Demam

Berdarah Dengue (DBD) yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue. DBD merupakan

penyakit yang penting karena dapat menyebabkan penderita meninggal dalam

waktu beberapa hari. Salah satu usaha untuk mencegah penularan DBD adalah

dengan menggunakan repelen. Repelen yang banyak digunakan yaitu DEET

mempunyai efek toksik. Sehingga dibutuhkan alternatif repelen yang aman.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas ekstrak fase minyak bunga

krisan (Chrysanthemum indicum) sebagai repelen nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Penelitian ini terdiri atas 9 kelompok dengan marmut sebagai objek penelitian.

Marmut I, II, III, IV, V, VI, dan VII masing-masing diolesi dengan ekstrak fase minyak

bunga krisan (Chrysanthemum indicum) dengan konsentrasi 0,1%, 1%, 10%, 25%, 50%,

75%, dan 100%. Marmut VIII diolesi DEET 12,5% (K+). Sedangkan marmut IX diolesi

minyak zaitun (K-). Sebanyak 2 ml bahan uji dioleskan pada kulit yang telah dicukur

seluas 5x5 cm2. Setelah diolesi bahan, marmut dimasukkan ke dalam sangkar marmut

sehingga tidak dapat bergerak, kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam sangkar nyamuk yang

telah diisi 25 ekor nyamuk Aedes aegypti betina. Pengamatan terhadap jumlah nyamuk

yang menggigit dilakukan selama 10 menit pertama tiap jam selama 6 jam setelah

perlakuan. Tiap perlakuan diulang 2 kali.

Hasil penelitian di analisis probit, dan didapatkan RC 50 adalah 8,58%

dengan RT 50 adalah 6,22 jam. Uji statistik One Way Anova menunjukkan

terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) untuk kelompok K-, K+, dan kelompok

perlakuan pada konsentrasi 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%. Sedangkan pada

konsentrasi 0,1% dan 1% tidak berbeda signifikan dengan kelompok K- (p>0,05).

Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak bunga krisan konsentrasi 10%, 25%, 50%,

75%, dan 100% terbukti efektif sebagai repelen nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan tidak

efektif pada konsentrasi 0,1% dan 1%.

Kata kunci: Aedes aegypti, repelen, Chrysanthemum indicum.