Abstracts of Selected Articles ECONOMICS...
Transcript of Abstracts of Selected Articles ECONOMICS...
No. 2/2011
Abstracts of Selected Articles
Compiled by Library, UPP
Malaysian Rubber Board
May 2011
ECONOMICS
Foreign Direct Investments .......................................................................................... 1
NR & SR Production ................................................................................................... 1
Rubber Industry - India ................................................................................................ 1
Rubber Industry - Malaysia ......................................................................................... 2
Rubber Prices ............................................................................................................... 2
Tyre Industry ................................................................................................................ 3
HEVEA
Clones-Protein Differential Expression ...................................................................... 3
Drought Stress .............................................................................................................. 4
Fertilizers ..................................................................................................................... 4
Genetically Modified Rubber ...................................................................................... 5
Hydroxynitrile Lyase ................................................................................................... 5
Lactificer Cells-Identification ...................................................................................... 5
Natural Rubber – Alternatives ..................................................................................... 5
Rubber Biosynthesis .................................................................................................... 6
Rubber Seeds – Metabolism ........................................................................................ 7
Tapping Systems – Thailand ........................................................................................ 7
LATEX CHEMISTRY & TECHNOLOGY
Glycolipids .................................................................................................................. 7
Latex Allergy ............................................................................................................... 8
Latex Industry-Impact of Climate Change .................................................................. 8
Latex Films .................................................................................................................. 8
RUBBER CHEMISTRY & TECHNOLOGY
Carbon Dioxide Emissions .......................................................................................... 9
EPDM/NR Blends ........................................................................................................ 9
Friction ......................................................................................................................... 10
Peptisers ....................................................................................................................... 10
Polymer Composites .................................................................................................... 10
Rubber Reinforcement ................................................................................................. 11
Rubber Recycling......................................................................................................... 11
TPO Roofing Membrane.............................................................................................. 11
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TYRES
Design .......................................................................................................................... 12
Innovation .................................................................................................................... 12
Radial Tyres ................................................................................................................ 12
OTHERS
Biotechnology .............................................................................................................. 13
Furniture Industry - Canada ......................................................................................... 13
Innovation – Lead-User Research ................................................................................ 13
Leadership .................................................................................................................... 14
Management ................................................................................................................. 14
Mentoring ..................................................................................................................... 15
Fauziah A. Rahman
Chief Librarian
UPP
30st
May 2011
No. 2/2011
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ECONOMICS
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS
Sharifah Zohra Jabeen.
Malaysian scene : big FDI inflow boosts energy
Rubb. Asia 2011 25(2) p. 89-90 (1)
Various measures and initiatives are undertaken by the Malaysian Government to
ensure that the country maintains its magnetism as a preferred investment destination and
remains on track to achieve a developed and high-income economy by 2020.
NR & SR PRODUCTION
Anon.
Rubber trends
Rubb. Chem. Review XL(3) p. 15 (2)
The production of natural rubber (NR) in the country during September 2010
increased to 77,500 tonnes compared to 74,300 tonnes during September 2009. The
cumulative production during the first half of 2010-11 was 375,250 tonnes compared to
348,625 tonnes during the corresponding period of the previous year, registering a growth
of 7.6 per cent, due to favourable weather conditions. The production estimated for
October 2010 was 82,000 tonnes.
RUBBER INDUSTRY – INDIA
Abraham, K.
India rubber industry : excellent growth over the years
Rubb. Asia (India Rubber Expo Special) 2011 p. 51-52 (3)
The history of rubber cultivation in India from colonial times up to the present is
described.
Venugopal, P.
Guiding growth plans
Polym. & Tyres Asia 2011 2(2) p. 68-69 (4)
India‘s Rubber Board, the federal government institution the oversea the overall
development of the rubber industry, has a new person at its helm. Sheela Thomas, an
officer belonging to the country‘s elite administrative service, has taken over as its
Chairperson. She is working on policies to rejuvenate and further develop the plantation
sector to face the challenges of the global market place. As she gets down to address the
issues facing NR production and decline in production amid soaring demand and prices.
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RUBBER INDUSTRY-MALAYSIA
Anon.
Malaysia : The return of ―rubber planting‖ focus
The Rubb. Int. Mag. 2011 13(5) p. 20-21 (5)
In the past two decades, Malaysia has faded away from rubber planting, and
rather focuses on the palm oil production as well as developing the downstream of rubber
products. However, with the recent skyrocketing price of rubber, Malaysia repositions
and returns to rubber plantation again in a hope to gain advantage from this lucrative
market.
RUBBER PRICES
Anon.
Futures for price discovery
Polymers & Tyre Asia 1(6) p. 45, 50 (6)
Indian tyre manufacturers are still wary of the futures market in rubber and their
sceptism has become stronger with rising prices and high duties on imports. But Anil
Mishra, CEO of Ahmadabad-based National Multi-Commodity Exchange of India Ltd,
the pioneer in electronic commodity trade, says many tyre makers are realizing futures‘
advantages.
Anon.
Natural rubber prices upswing for how long?
Rubb. Chem. Review XL(3) p. 25-28 (7)
The upward trends in natural rubber prices in recent times with record breaking
values continue to be a hot issue. The trend is being watched with bated breath by the
suppliers and consumers alike for contrasting reasons. Experts and stakeholders of the
industry unanimously rule out a major slide and are of the view that prices are likely to
stay high till the next few years with intermittent dips.
Nayar, K. S.
Rubber prices spike punctures industry
Polymer & Tyre Asia 1(6) p. 42-43,47-49 (8)
The scorching rubber prices are grievously hurting the Indian and international
tyre industry. Prices have gone up by nearly next 7-3 years, the projected rubber shortage
is about 500,000 tonnes. Sourcing rubber pricing of tyres have become great challenges,
both for the producers and consumers.
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TYRE INDUSTRY
Abraham, K.
World tyre industry : an exciting phase of development
Rubb. Asia (India Rubber Expo Special) 2011 p. 61-65 (9)
Tyre is a high technology product, an amalgam of several otherwise incompatible
materials like natural rubber, synthetic rubber, steel, nylon, carbon black, rubber
chemicals etc. It absorbs shock, rolls freely, distorts in shape while cornering, braking
and crossing obstacles, yet regains the shape quickly, provides road grip and offers
driving comfort. Tyre making needs multidisciplinary technology involving physics,
chemistry, engineering, metallurgy, textile technology and polymer science. The global
tyre market in 2009 was worth around US$100 billion with the car tyre output around
260 million and truck tyre production around 12 million units.
Anon.
Fighting uphill task
Polymer & Tyre Asia (10)
India‘s tyre industry is going through testing times. Amid ballooning prices of
raw materials, particularly rubber, it is trying to cater to the demand of the surging auto
industry by expanding production capacities. It is still awaiting Government decision on
regular rubber imports and even moved the court for redressal of grievances, says Rajiv
Budhraja, Director General Automotive Tyre Manufactures‘ Association (ATMA).
Taylor, P.
It‘s fantasy that rules tyre business
Rubb. Asia 25(2) p. 25-26 (11)
For those of us capable of thinking back a few decades, it was the abiding fear of
the larger tyre makers that their first fitment customers, the car manufacturers, would
start marketing their own brands of tyres, thus undermining the more profitable
replacement market. It is common knowledge that first fitment or original equipment
tyres, as they are more commonly known here in Europe, are sold at very sharp prices in
expectation that the owner of the new vehicle will eventually replace them like for like.
Well, that is the theory.
HEVEA
CLONES-PROTEIN DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION
Li, H.L., et al
Protein differential expression in the latex from Hevea brasiliensis between self-rooting
juvenile clones and donor clones
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Acta Physiol. Plant p. 1-7 (12) To better understand molecular mechanism underlying the difference between
self-rooting juvenile clones and donor clones, a proteomic approach was used to profile
protein changes in the latex between self-rooting juvenile clones and donor clones. Total
soluble proteins were extracted from latex in self-rooting juvenile clones and donor
clones. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to identify proteins that
were differentially expressed in self-rooting juvenile clones and donor clones and image
analysis was used to determine which proteins were up- or down-regulated.
DROUGHT STRESS
Chen, J-W., et al
Gas exchange and hydraulics in seedlings of Hevea brasiliensis during water stress and
recovery
Tree Physiology p. 1-10 (13)
The response of plants to drought has received significant attention, but far less
attention has been given to the dynamic response of plants during recovery from drought.
Photosynthetic performance and hydraulic capacity were monitored in seedlings of Hevea
brasiliensis under water stress and during recovery following rewatering. Leaf water
relation, gas exchange rate and hydraulic conductivity decreased gradually after water
stress fell below a threshold, whereas instantaneous water use efficiency and osmolytes
increased significantly.
FERTILIZERS
Chen, B., et al.
Development and implementation of site-specific fertilizer recommendation model based
on nutrient balance for rubber plantation
Agronomy Journal 103(2) p. 469-471 (14)
Fertilization is one of the key inputs to ensure healthy growth of rubber trees
[Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Müll. Arg.] and maintain the nutrient balance of a
rubber plantation. The main objective of this study was to develop and implement a
nutrient balance based model to recommend fertilizer for individual rubber trees. We
reviewed the theory of nutrient balance, then developed a model to integrate with
geographic information system technology, and subsequently provided a detailed
description of aboveground nutrient consumption (used for tree growth and latex
production) and soil-supplied nutrient estimation, which was the key step in the model.
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GENETICALLY MODIFIED RUBBER
Venugopal, G.
NR shortage : India to pursue GM rubber
Rubb. Asia 25(2) p. 57-60 (15)
Concerned ove the growing demand-supply gap in natural rubber, the government
of India has given the go-ahead to the Indian Rubber Board to conduct field trials of GM
rubber. But in view of the opposition in some quarters to the introduction of GM rubber,
the Government has clarified that commercial cultivation of GM rubber will be
undertaken only if the field trials give positive results and after evolving a consensus on
the issue.
HYDROXYNITRILE LYASE
Cui, F-C.; Pan, X-L.; Liu, J-Y.
Catalytic mechanism of Hydroxynitrile Lyase from Hevea brasiliensis : a theoretical
investigation
J. Phys. Chem. 114 p. 9622-9628 (16)
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations using the hybrid functional B3LYP
have been performed to investigate the catalytic mechanism of hydroxynitrile lyase from
Hevea brasiliensis (Hb-HNL). This enzyme catalyzes the cleavage of acetone
cyanohydrin to hydrocyanic acid plus acetone. Two models (A and B) of the active site
consisting of 105 and 155 atoms, respectively, were constructed on the basis of the
crystal structure. Good consistency between the two models provides a verification of the
proposed mechanism.
LATICIFER CELLS--IDENTIFICATION
Tan, D.; Sun, X.; Zhang, J.;
Histochemical and immunohistochemical identification of laticifer cells in callus cultures
derived from anthers of Hevea brasiliensis
Plant Cell. Rep. p. 1-8 (17)
Laticifer are highly specialized cells present in over 20 plant families. They are
well defined in planta. In vitro development of laticifers was also observed in some
plants, but uncertain in the callus cultures of rubber tree, one of the most economically
important latex producing plants.
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NATURAL RUBBER – ALTERNATIVES
Anon.
Concerns over future
Polymer & Asia 1(6) p. 60,64 (18)
The demand to find alternatives to Hevea brasiliensis grown in South East Asia is
mounting amid soaring natural rubber prices, voracious demand from China and India
and growing unpredictability of supplies of the critical raw material for the tyre industry.
Jan van Beilin of Universite de Lausanne (Switzerland), a key organiser of the just
concluded European Union-based Production and Exploitation of Alternative Rubber and
Latex Sourcesn (PEARLS) conference held in Montpellier, France, says it is imperative
to study alternative sources of natural rubber.
Chakravarthy, S.N.
Natural Rubber – Alternate possibilities
Rubb. Chem. Review XXXX(3) p. 29-33 (19)
Natural ruber, obtained almost exclusively from the Para rubber tree (Hevea
brasiliensis), is a unique biopolymer of strategic importance that, in many of its most
significant applications, cannot be replaced by synthetic rubber alternatives. Several
pressing motives lead to the search for alternative sources of natural rubber. Natural
rubber has unique properties and as such it cannot be replaced in the manufacture of
rubber products.
Finlay, M.R.
Search for alternatives
Polymer & Tyre Asia 1(6) p.62,66 (20)
Rising rubber prices only steeled the determination of researchers and policy-
makers to look at alternatives to Hevea brasiliensis grown in South East Asia, source of
80% of the world production of natural rubber. Uncertainties of bioterrorism, South
American Leaf Blight that could wipe out plantations and climate change that has already
led to cut in production, point to the need to develop alternatives. As distinguished
historian Mark R Finlay says many uncertainties remain. Finding alternative crops
requires a complex suite of science, technology, capital, and markets.
RUBBER BIOSYNTHESIS
Chiang, C.K. et al.
Unraveling the mystery of natural rubber biosynthesis. Pt.l:
Rubber Chemical Technology 2011 84 (21)
Monitoring the growth of in vitro natural rubberwas accomplished by high
resolution size exclusion chromatography,SEC. Washed rubber particles isolated from H.
brasiliensis latex, containing the rubber transferase enzyme, were used to catalyze the
polymerization of synthetic isopentenyl pyrophosphate monomer in the presence of
farnesyl pyrophosphate initiator. The high-resolution SEC was able to detect the
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formation of new rubber. Changes in the low molecular weight fraction were also
detected. Gravimetric analysis revealed 30% mass gain after the in vitro synthesis. The
overall gel content was found to be reduced, which further supported the formation of
new rubber. This is the first report that utilizes high-resolution SEC to monitor the in
vitro NR growth without the use of radio labeling.
RUBBER SEEDS – METABOLISM
Silva Bonome, L.T., et al
Metabolism of carbohydrates during the development of seeds of the Brazilian rubber
tree [Hevea brasiliensis (willd. Ex Adr. De Juss) Muell.-Arg.]
Acta Physiol Plant 33 p. 211-219 (22)
This work aimed at the assessment of the metabolism of carbohydrate during the
development of the seeds of Brazilian rubber trees. The enzymatic activity of the acid
invertase, neutral invertase and sucrose synthase (SuSy) and the levels of total soluble
sugars (TSS), reducing sugars (RS) and sucrose were evaluated separately in each part of
the fruit and seed—pericarp, seed coat, embryo and endosperm—on different days after
the pollination (DAP).
TAPPING SYSTEMS– THAILAND
Chantuma, P., et al.
An Innovative tapping system, the double cut alternative, to improve the yield of Hevea
brasiliensis in Thai rubber plantations
Field Crops Research p. 1-7 (23)
In Thailand, the continuous decrease in the size of rubber plantations has led to
the general adoption of intensive tapping systems which may lead to over harvesting,
high rates of tapping panel dryness (TPD), short life-cycles of the plantations, and low
labour productivity. In Thailand, farmers use a half-spiral downward tapping systems
(S/2) or a one third-spiral (S/3) with a tapping frequency of once two days (d2) or more.
To increase productivity, it is difficult to reduced tapping frequencies, even with ethylene
stimulation, as this would result in days without work for tappers. The purpose of this
study was to characterise the behaviour of the Hevea latex yield under the double cut
alternative tapping system (DCA).
LATEX CHEMISTRY & TECHNOLOGY
GLYCOLIPIDS
Liengprayoon, S., et al.
Glycolipid composition of Hevea brasiliensis
Phytochemistry p. 1-12 (24)
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Glycolipids of fresh latex from three clones of Hevea brasiliensis were
characterized and quantified HPLC/ESI-MS. Their fatty acyl and sterol components were
further confirmed by GC/MS after saponification. The four detected glycolipid classes
were steryl glucosides (SG), esterified steryl glucosides (ESG), monogalactosyl
diacylglycerols (MGDG) and digalactosyl diacylglycerols (DGDG). Sterols in SG, EGS
and total latex unsaponifiable were stigmaterol, ᵦ-sitosterol and ∆5-avenaterol. The latter
was found instead of fucosterol formerly described.
LATEX ALLERGY
Ott, H., et al.
Microarrays of recombinant Hevea brasiliensis proteins : a novel tool for the component-
resolved diagnosis of natural rubber latex allergy
J. Investig. Allergol. Clin. Immunol 2010 20(2) p. 128-138 (25)
The panel of microarrayed allergen components was shown to represent a
comprehensive repertoire of clinically relevant NRL proteins. NRL-specific lgE
recognition patterns and sensitization rates determined by microarray analysis were
similar to those obtained by conventional FEIA. The diagnostic sensitivity rates of
combined single-component data were not significantly different for the respective
recombinant test system, whereas the sensitivity level of extract-based FEIA analysis was
markedly higher.
LATEX INDUSTRY – IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
Ouseph, T.
Centrifuged latex industry : Climate change a major challenge
Rubb. Asia (India Rubber Expo Special) 2011 p. 99-101 (26)
Centrifuged latex has several applications in processes such as dipping, foaming,
moulding and extrusion. Loss of tapping days as well as fall in output consequent on
climate change is the present challenge to the latex industry.
LATEX FILMS
Hill, D.
Latex film forming : its all complex and hard to understand
Rubb. Asia 2011 25(3) p. 57-59 (27) Latex film forming – it is fundamental to the whole area of latex dipping. But how
much of the process of film forming is understood? The answer it seems is both ―a lot‖
and ―very little‖. If you carry out a literature search on polymer latex film forming, you
will find a mass of publications researching the fundamentals of the process, many
equations describing the force acting on latex particles during film forming and several
competing theories proposed and debated. But when I look at the factories, on the dipping
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lines, in the process control and development laboratories, I have found very little
understanding of what exactly happens when that wet film of latex converts to a
continuous, strong film of the elastomer.
Hill, D.
Nanotechnology has potential applications in latex dipping
Rubb. Asia 25(2) p. 29-31 (28)
The use of nano-fillers in rubber latex is a subject of considerable potential which
as yet does not appear to have been realized outside of a few specific instances. It is an
area of the technology to be watched with interest over the next few years.
RUBBER CHEMISTRY & TECHNOLOGY
CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS
Anon.
India has miles to go
Polymer & Tyre Asia 1(6) p. 22 & 26 (29)
The market for all kinds of vehicles is also booming with latest statistics showing
sales going up 17.81% to 1,221,981 units in November as against 1,037,232 in the same
month last year. The high growth in demand is leading to massive rates of greenhouse gas
emissions because India‘s transportation sector alone accounts for 7% of the country‘s
GHG emissions by 2020.
EPDM / NBR BLENDS
Manoj, K.C., et al.
Transport of aromatic hydrocarbons through EPDM / NBR blends
J. of Elastomer and Plastics 43(1) p. 65-84 (30)
The effect of blend ratio on the cure and transport characteristics of EPDM/NBR
blends has been investigated. Cure studies showed that the maximum torque values
increased with increase of the percentage of NBR in the blend system. As the percentage
of NBR in the blends increased, the penetrant transport has been found to be decreased.
The experimental observations have been correlated with the morphology of the blends;
attested by SEM photographs. The equilibrium sorption with respect to the nature of
penetrant has been observed to follow the order: benzene > toluene > xylene for a given
blend ratio. A minor deviation from Fickian trend has been observed for the mechanism
of transport. The experimental observations have been compared with the existing
theoretical models.
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FRICTION
Smith, R.H.
Measuring rubber friction forces individually
Rubb. World 243(4) P. 20-23 (31)
The current de facto standard engineering equation for elastomeric friction
calculations – formulated for practical application to sliding tires in 1966 - incorporates
three dynamic rubber friction forces: (1) Adhesion; (2) a hysteretic force arising from
bulk deformation of rubber in contact with a macroscopically rough surface; and (3)
physical wear of the rubber, or cohesion loss. The existence of a fourth basic rubber
friction force, surface deformation hysteresis, or microhysteresis generated by adhesive
interaction of the eleastomer‘s surface with the microroughness of the contacted material,
had been posited in 1965.
PEPTISERS
Majumdar, S.
Chemistry of peptizers in elatomers
The Rubb. Int. 2011 13(5) p. 39-46 (32)
Use of peptizer in rubber began with the use of higher volume of NR for higher
level of production in the industry. Since the viscosity range of NR is higher, may fall
between 80-120 (ML 1+4 @100°C) or higher, higher productivity was found extreamly
difficult unless the mixing time was reduced considerably and hence the use of peptising
chemicals.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
Poompradub, S., et al.
Improving oxidation stability and mechanical properties of natural rubber vulcanizates
filled with calcium carbonate modified by gallic acid
Polym. Bull. 66 p. 967-977 (33)
A novel technique to modify the surface of calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
nanoparticles, used as antioxidant and reinforcing filler, by gallic acid is disclosed. The
new properties of the modified CaCO3 could make it more useful and practical for the
rubber industry. Thermal gravimetric (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,
and transmission electron microscopy analyses showed that the gallic acid was bound
onto the surface of CaCO3.
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RUBBER REINFORCEMENT
Le, H.H., et al.
Time-dependent reinforcement effect of nanoclay in rubber nanocomposites
J. Material Sci. 46 p. 1685-1696 (34)
The time-dependent reinforcement of rubber–clay composites was characterized
by means of stress relaxation experiments combined with a new evaluation method based
on the two-component model. The total reinforcement effect of clay in rubber composites
was considered as the sum of several stress components, which are originated by different
networks. By means of this new experimental strategy a structural characterization of the
stress relaxation behavior was performed by taking into account the effect of the degree
of clay dispersion.
RUBBER RECYCLING
Fereira, C.A.; Serrano, C.L.R.; Kuyven, P.S.
Use of analysis of variance and linear regression as prediction tool for mechanical
performance of SBR
Plastics, Rubber and Composites 40(1) p. 40-45 (35)
Statistical methodology analysis of variance (ANOVA) and linear regression were
applied to predict the mechanical performance of the styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)
containing a residue of the elastomer originated from shoe sole cuttings. A basic
formulation was developed to which three different contents of SBR residue were added.
Compositions were also prepared with three different concentrations of silica to compare
the performance of the filler, as well as to verify the existence of any interaction between
the components. Using of ANOVA have permitted the validation of the results of the
mechanical properties stress rupture, elongation and tearing resistance. Linear regression
analysis demonstrated that silica and SBR residue concentrations have an effect on the
mechanical properties and this relationship can be expressed through behaviour models,
which can be represented graphically. It was possible to predict a mechanical behaviour
model including intermediate concentrations not experimentally measured within the
observed limits of the sample.
TPO ROOFING MEMBRANE
Sangrungsri, P.
TPO roofing membrane: Supreme innovation for buildings
The Rubb. Int. Mag. 2011 13(5) p. 20-21 (36)
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TPO Roofing Membrane is a water-resistant material widely used in Europe, the
US and China. It can be variedly used in both houses and factories‘ structures, such as
roof deck, terrace and wall. The material is resistant against the changing temperature and
has a high elasticity of 400%. It can reflect heat and UV, thereby saving energy up to
80%.
TYRES
DESIGN
Krishnan, RNK.
Design for competitive advantage
Polymers & Tyre Asia 1(6) p. 96 (37)
Design has played a fundamental role in the success of the world‘s leading
companies. Research has shown that most firm now use design to improve their brand
strength and product and service offerings. Whether it is a consumer product company or
tyre manufacturer, it makes good commercial sense in spending money on building a
world-class design team.
INNOVATION
Anon.
Innovative to survive
Polym. & Tyre Asia 2011 2(2) p. 20-21, 25 (38)
There are three challenges that the tyre industry will face in the coming five
years: Cost, electronics and regulations, says Marc Junio, General Director of the
Goodyear Innivation Centre in Luxenbourg, the company‘s largest R&D centre in Europe
and the second worldwide after the one at its Akron headquarters. He believes that the
pnuematic tyres as we knowof it today might continue to stay that way for a while, but it
RADIAL TYRES
Majumdar, S.
Development of radial tyres
Rubb. Chem. Review XXXX(3) p. 35-50 (39)
The basic concept of radial ply structure, as innovated by Micheline Company,
was aimed at separating as far as practically possible some basic factor of the cushioning
effect, much better than that of a bias trye. The design which should reflect the better
spring effect influencing comfort and better ground contact.
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OTHERS
BIOTECHNOLOGY
Meyer, H-P.
Sustainability and Biotechnology
Organic Process Research & Develoment 2011 15 (1) p. 180 – 188 (40)
Granted, biofuels annd biobased bulk chemicals are low hanging fruits
(technically speaking), but the economic and ecological impact of biotechnology is
estimated to be more effective with higher-value and more complex molecules. The
―buzzworld― biotechnology has led to different priorities, often without considering long-
term socio-economic costs. Even so, biotechnology holds some very promising solutions
to some of our problems with benign synthesis, smart products, and waste recycling. The
commercial potential of biotechnology us huge, a colossal 1000 billion U.S. dollars, or
about an order of magnitude more than today! In order not to dissappoint investors and tx
prayers, however, we need to develop our tools further, especially for complex molecules
for various applications.
FURNITURE INDUSTRY – CANADA
Anon.
Potential for Malaysian furniture in the Canadian market
Maskayu 2011 2 p. 24-27 (41)
The Canadian furniture industry comprises household furniture including
mattresses (37%), office and institutional furniture (44%), wooden kitchen cabinets and
counter tops, (16%) and blinds and shades (3%). The industry is made up of a number of
sub-sectors: furniture and related product manufacturing. Products included in furniture
and product related manufacturing are wooden, metal, contrast, office, household,
kitchen, upholstrered (sofas & armchairs), living room, dining room, non-upholstered
seats (chairs), bedroom, beds, wardrobes, outdoor, ready-to-assemble furniture, seat parts
and parts of furniture.
INNOVATION – LEAD-USER RESEARCH
Eisenberg, Ivy.
Lead – user research for breakthrough Innovation
Research Technology Management 2011 p. 50-58 (42)
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The best companies often work closely with their customers to uncover needs and
wants that can be translated into new or improved product or service offering. The lead-
user research method goes a step further, looking not only to the typical customer, but to
those users whose needs and preferences lead the market. These lead users, as they
called, will modify products or use them in unforeseen ways to meet their needs. The
lead-user research method was developed as a systematic way to mine the insights and
innovations of these lead users. Since it was pioneered in late 1990s., the lead-user
method has evolved and grown. This paper offers an update on the use of the method and
on adaptions to increase its efficiency using online search and communities as well as an
overview of lessons learned from experiences on more 20 lead-user projects.
LEADERSHIP
Anon.
Language of leadership
Polym. & Tyre Asia 2011 2(2) p. 48-49 (43)
If you aspire to be a CEO, who delivers stunning corporate results, but fears a
withering of leadership qualities within, there is a solution. You can unleash the most
pivotal quality to be a leader and win folowers. Cutting-edge research in neuroscience
and psychology has unveiled that ‗body language‗ is a crucial factor for building
effective leadership. Executive coach Carol Kinsey Goman, PhD, reveals in an exclusive
interview how body language enhances or undermines the capacity to lead.
Hill, L.A.; Lineback, K.
Are you a good boss – or a great one?
Harvard Business Review 2011 p. 124 – 131 (44)
The whole question of how managers grow and advance is one we‘ve studied,
through about, and lived with for years. As a professor working with high potentials
MBAs, and executives from around the globe, Linda meets people who want to
contribute to their organization and build fulfilling carreers. As an executive, Kent has
worked with managers at all levels of both private and public organizations. All our
experience brings us to a simple but troubling observation: Most bosses reach a certain
level of profiency and stop there – short of what they could and should be.
MANAGEMENT
Dattner, B.; Hogan, R.
Can you handle failure?
Harvard Business Review (45)
In the workplace this phenomenon is particularly evident when it comes to
underperformance and failure. An outcome than an employee regards as satisfactory may
be seen by his boss as entirely unacceptable. When a project is an uniquivocal flop,
collegues disagree over the reasons why. These reactions, and their effecy on workplace
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Abstracts of Selected Articles
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relationships, often become more problematic than the original event. As a result, how
people respond to negative feedback is of great importance to managers and
organizations is a major determinant of career success.
Edmondson, A.C.
Strategies for learning from failure
Harvard Business Review p. 48-56 (46)
The wisdom of learning from failure is incontrovertible. Yet organization that do
it well are extraordinarily rare. This gap is not due to a lack of commitment to learning.
Managers in the vast majority of enterprises that I have studied over the past 20 years –
pharmaceutical, financial services, product design, telecommunications, and
constructions, and construction companies; hospitals, and NASA‘s space shuttle program,
among others-gunuinely wanted to help their organizations learn from failures to improve
future performance. In some cases they and their teams had devoted many hours to after-
action reviews, postmoterms, and the like. But time after time I saw taht these
painstaking efforts led to no real change. The reason: Those managers were thinking
about failure the wrong way.
Gino, F.; Pisano, G.P.
Why leaders don‗t learn from success
Harvard Business Review 2011 p. 68-74 (47)
In this article we argue that success can breed failure by hindering learning at both
the individual and the organizational level. We all know that learning from failure is one
of the most important capacities for people and companies to develop. Yet surprisingly,
learning from success can present even greater challenges – and identify approaches for
overcoming them – we will draw from our research and from the work of other scholars
in the field of behavioral decision making, and focus on three interrelated impediments to
learning.
MENTORING
Emelo, R.
Creating a new mindset : guidelines for mentorship in today‘s workplace
T+D 2011 p. 44-49 (48)
Mentoring has proven again and again to be an effective workforce development
tool. A 2009 study by Triple Creek looked at the impact of e-mentoring (specifically
―open mentoring―) on productivity and effectiveness. Eight-eight percent of open
mentoring users agreed taht their productivity increased due to mentoring, and 97 percent
of users who spent at least one hour per month on mentoring were satisfied with their
experience. Participants rated ―expanding my network,― ―interpersonal effectiveness,―
and ―confidence in role― as the top three areas in which they improved the most as a
result of mentoring.
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Abstracts of Selected Articles
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