Abstracts Mech

8/11/2019 Abstracts Mech

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1. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF AERO FIN OF AEROSPACE

VEHICLE

ABSTRACT

The fin is a main lifting surface of the Aerospace vehicle. It is used to ensure the stability

when it is subjected to aerodynamic forces. A general shell element is used to model the fin

structure. The static & dynamic analysis is performed to estimate deflections, stresses & natural

frequencies.

In this approach, three cases such as 8, ! & "mm root thic#ness has been considered

for analysis & the stresses & deformations in each case is obtained.

$here the steel pin is in contact to the Al panel, on their high%hardened steel stiffness are

embedded to avoid the failure of the component due to crossing the von%mises stresses with the

T'. The von%mises stresses are tabulated for all the cases & safe design is obtained based on

the least stress observed. The stresses are high at bottom contact of left loc#ing pin (top portion

of panel ") & the ne*t ma*imum is observed at root.

". MODELING AND STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OFMOTORCYCLE ENGINE BLOCK

ABSTRACT

The cylinder bloc# forms the basic framewor# of the engine, it houses the engine

cylinders, which serve as bearings and guides for the pistons reciprocating in them. The analysis

of the engine bloc# is to be carried out to predict its behavior under static and dynamic loading.

The cylinder bloc# has to withstand the stresses and deformations due to loads acting on it. The

solid model of the bloc# is generated in +ATIA - /.The nth model is imported to

0123 43'0 ! through I53' format. The quality mesh is prepared in 0123 43'0 for

converged solution and the solver set as A6'1' in which loads and boundary conditions are

applied for analysis. The static analysis is performed to predict the deformations and stresses.

The modal analysis using lanc7o s algorithm to predict the first five natural frequencies and

corresponding mode shapes.


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9. DESIGN AND STRESS ANALYSIS OF DISC WHEEL USING FEA

ABSTRACT

The wheel is an integral part of any automobile. :esign of wheel under various loads is

to be studied for practical application to ensure safety and smooth running. 0ere, wheel is

subjected to brea# loads and mechanical loads due to weight of the vehicle. In cars, :isc bra#es

and :rum bra#es are generally used on front wheels and rear wheels respectively. :ue to

application of bra#es large amount of heat is generated which is distributed across the wheel

section.

The objective of the present wor# is to analy7e the stresses induced in the given wheel

design due to bra#ing loads and structural loads .;or this wor#,


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4. STRESS AND ANALYSIS OF CRANKSHAFTS SUBJECT TODYNAMIC LOADING

ABSTRACT

The main objective of this project was to investigate weight and cost reduction

opportunities for a forged steel cran#shaft. The need of load history in the ;34 analysis

necessitates performing a detailed dynamic load analysis. Therefore, this study consists of

dynamic load analysis and stress analysis

In this project a dynamic simulation was conducted on cran#shafts cast iron from

similar single cylinder four stro#e engines. ;inite element analysis was performed to obtain

the variation of stress magnitude at critical locations. The pressure%volume diagram was

used to calculate the load boundary condition in dynamic simulation model, and other

simulation inputs were ta#en from the engine specification chart.

The analysis was done for different engine speeds and as a result, critical engine speed

and critical region on the cran#shafts were obtained. 'tress variation over the engine cycle

and the effect of torsional load in the analysis were investigated.

5. FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF A GAS TURBINE ROTOR BLADE

ABSTRACT

In the present wor# the first stage rotor blade of a two%stage gas turbine has been

analy7ed for structural, thermal using A6'1' , which is a powerful ;inite 3lement

'oftware. In the process of getting the thermal stresses, the temperature distribution in the

rotor blade has been evaluated using this software.

The design features of the turbine segment of the gas turbine have been ta#en from

the preliminary design of a power turbine for ma*imi7ation of an e*isting turbojet engine. It

was observed that in the above design, the rotor blades after being designed were analy7ed

only for the mechanical stresses but no evaluation of thermal stress was carried out. As the

temperature has a significant effect on the overall stress on the rotor blades, it has been felt


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that a detail study can be carried out on the temperature effects to have a clear understanding

of the combined mechanical and thermal stresses.

In the present wor#, the first stage rotor blade of the gas turbine has been analy7ed using

A6'1' for the mechanical and radial elongations resulting from the tangential, a*ial andcentrifugal forces. The gas forces namely tangential, a*ial were determined by constructing

velocity triangles at inlet and e*ist of rotor blades. The rotor blade was then analy7ed using

A6'1' for the temperature distribution. ;or obtaining temperature distribution, the

convective heat transfer coefficients on the blade surface e*posed to the gas have to feed to the

software. The convective heat transfer coefficients were calculated using the heat transfer

empirical relations ta#en from the heat transfer design dada boo#. After containing the

temperature distribution, the rotor blade was then analy7ed using A6'1' for the combined

mechanical and thermal stresses. The radial elongations in the blade were also evaluated.

In this project we have done turbine blade analysis by using Aluminium and

'ilicon carbide. This materials structural and thermal properties at gas room and room

temperatures were ta#en from the design data boo#s that were available in the library of

>03


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6. MODELING AND STATIC ANALYSIS OF OPEN TOWER USING FEA

A>'T A+T

?pen towers are one among the different types of towers used for the purpose of signal

transmission. They are telescopic in nature and are designed in a special manner, which ma#es

the whole structure portable by converting in to a single unit. It consists of main pipe and four

supporting members. In order to reduce the weight of the structure it is fabricated with fiber

reinforced plastics (; 2). The main pipe is a combination of several sections, which slide into

the main member with the help of rollers to form a single unit. The four supporting members can

be made integral with the main pipe with the help of a movable flange which slides on the main

member.

;inite element modeling of the tower is created in 0123 43'0 !. The analysis is

carried out in A6'1' . The boundary conditions considered here are wind pressure and top

plate weight. The wind pressure is calculated considering velocity of the wind as /! #mph based

on geographical and geothermal factors. This wind pressure is applied as a hori7ontal force and a

moment force at the top of the pipe. The tower analysis is carried out with shell and bric#

elements. 4esh is created with shell // and solid /-. od elements are used wherever the direct

contact between the surfaces is not there. The ma*imum displacement occurred at the top and the

ma*imum stress induced in between the layers are calculated and observed that they are in

allowable limits. >y this analysis the design of tower is safe based on rigidity criteria and

strength criteria.

7. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF BALL ROLL MILL USING FEM

A>'T A+T

The raw mill separator unit is an integral part of modern cement manufacturing

industries. The unit consists of main and au*iliary fan assemblies along with many other

accessories. The purpose of the raw mill separator is to create suction pressure and provide the

means to separate the fine cement particles from coarse cement particles. The fine particles are

collected separately while the coarse particles are again sent bac# to crushing units and the cycle

goes on. The cement comprises of two main erodent in form of alumina and silica which causes


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wear loss of fan blade in raw mill separator unit. 'ince this wear loss is non uniform in nature, it

causes the development of eccentricity in the rotating fan assemblies of separator. This rotating

unbalance causes the whole structure to vibrate. The foundation and other installed units this raw

mill separator unit get thus vibrating.

Therefore it becomes important to analy7e the vibration characteristics of separator unit

for different cases of unbalance and to find out suitable means to minimi7e the vibration. In this

report, the computer aided solid model generation of the separator fan assemblies has been done

based on the drawings. The modal analysis of the fan assembly attached with housing and

supporting frame has been done using finite element analysis software. To see the effect of

unbalance on supporting structure one simplified approach has been used and vibration response

for unbalanced rotation has been analy7ed. The root cause of unbalance in separator fanassembly is non uniform wear loss of fan blade material. To control this erosive wear loss from

fan blade, one e*periment has been performed to compare the wear loss from mild steel substrate

plate coated with suitable hard material. 5ood wear resistance result has been found for coated

material which can be used for fan blade to control the quic# wear loss.

8 DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF A HEAT EXCHANGER

ABSTRACT

The characteristics of heat e*changer design are the procedure of specifying a design,

heat transfer area and pressure drops and chec#ing whether the assumed design satisfies all

requirements or not. The purpose of this thesis wor# is how to design the oil cooler (heat

e*changer) especially for shell%and%tube heat e*changer which is the majority type of liquid%to%

liquid heat e*changer. 5eneral design considerations and design procedure are also illustrated in

this thesis. In design calculation, the 0T I code and Ansys software are used. 0eat transfer

concepts and comple* relationships involved in such e*changer are also presented. The primary

aim of this design is to obtain a high heat transfer rate without e*ceeding the allowable pressure

drop. This 0T I code and computer pac#age is highly useful to design the heat e*changer and to

compare the design. $ithin the project wor# , the thermal and pressure drop calculations are


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done by using the empirical formula, as per T34A and verified with 0T I software pac#age

( 'A).

The pressure drop values on shell side and tube side at the same time, overall heat

transfer coefficient values are found out and observed that they are with a variation of !."/@,. @ and .B8@ respectively and matching with the 0T I software. ;rom the theoretical

modeling, the convection heat transfer coefficients along with the bul# temperature are found out

and imposed as boundary conditions to predict the temperature distribution in heat transfer

analysis in both the shell and tube.

9. FRACTURE ANALYSIS OF FRP COMPOSITESSUBJECTED TO STATIC AND DYNAMIC LOADING

ABSTRACT

Analytical solution e*ists for relatively simple cases. :ue to complicated boundary

conditions associated with the governing equations analytical approaches are used. ?ver the last

decade or so finite element method has been firmly established as a standard procedure for the

solution of practical fracture problems.

The usefulness of stress intensity factors ('I; s) in the analysis of the problems of

residual strength, fracture and fatigue crac# growth rate has resulted in effort being e*panded on

the determination of 'I;.A number of techniques have been suggested for the validation of 'I;

from the finite element results but adequate representation of crac# tip singularity remains a

common problem to most of these method.

The objective of the present wor# is to investigate the 'tress Intensity ;actor ('I;) for

benchmar# problems for static and dynamic loading in composite plates having center, edge.

;urther the analysis is e*tended to +T specimen, plate with 9%point bend, v%notch and double

edge notch.

In the static analysis 'I; s is to be found for an isotropic material using singular and j%

integral approach. ;or the orthotropic material 'I; is to be found out for the above specimens


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with +arbon :C3po*y, 5lass roving :Cepo*y, '" glass fabricCepo*y material properties.

The Transient :ynamic analysis on the above specimens is to be carried out.

1 . MODELLING AND ANALYSIS OF STEERING LEVER LINK

OF A TRACTOR

ABSTRACT

The steering lever lin# is an integral part of a tractor steering system, it facilitates the

conversion of rotary motion given at the wheel to angular motion at the road, it is mounted on

the rigid beam a*le connected to one of the wheels of the tractor. It is held in its position by

means of #ingpin which helps it function li#e pivot.

4odeling and analysis of the steering lever lin# is carried out. 4odeling is done by using+ATIA v- /. The lin# is analy7ed both as a solid by using A6'1'. The stress values

thus obtained are compared with the theoretical values and the relative value of the component is

found out.

The lin# is analy7ed for both its strength as well as rigidity. The concentration of stresses

at critical sections is also found out. A comment on the overall safety of the steering lever lin# is

made.

11. STATIC AND MODAL ANALYSIS OF LEAF SPRINGUSING FEA

A>'T A+T

The objective of this present wor# is to estimate the deflection, stress and mode

frequency induced in the leaf spring of an army jeep design by the ordinance factory. The

emphasis in this project is on the application of computer aided analysis using finite element

concept.

The component chosen for analysis is a leaf spring which is an automotive component

used to absorb vibrations induced during the motion of vehicle. It also acts as a structure to

support vertical loading due to the weight of the vehicle and payload. nder operating


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conditions, the behavior of the leaf spring is complicated due to its clamping effects and interleaf

contactD hence its analysis is essential to predict the displacement, mode frequency and stresses.

The leaf spring, which we are analy7ing, is a specially designed leaf spring used in

military jeeps. This spring is intended to bare heavy jer#s and vibrations reduced during militaryoperations. A model of such jeep has been shown in this project report.

In analysis part the finite element of leaf spring is created using solid tetrahedronelements, appropriate boundary conditions are applied, material properties are given and loadsare applied as per its design, the resultant deformation, mode frequencies and stresses obtainedare reported and discussed.

12. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF TRANSITION NO!!LE

ABSTRACT

6o77les have significant role in the turbines, heat e*changers, air coolers to control

the flow of fluid and to spry the fluid in fine droplets with high velocity. 6o77le converts the

pressure energy of the fluid in to the #inetic energy. The high pressure fluid is supplied to the

no77le inlet section as it flows across the no77le it e*pands and its pressure decreases with

increase in velocity of fluid. To obtain the specified velocity of the fluid at the e*it of the no77le

to suit the application the fluid has to be supplied at the inlet at predetermined high pressure. In

the process of e*pansion of fluid no77le subjected to varying pressure and velocity of fluid. :ue

to this stresses are induced in the no77le. 'o the no77le is to be designed such that the induced

stresses should be in the allowable limits of the material used. ;or this the no77le is analy7ed

under various operating conditions to obtain safer no77le design. In the present wor# an attempt

is made to analysis of the no77le of various cross sections and types using finite element

analysis. The no77les are modeled in +ATIA imparted 0123 43'0 for quality mesh then

analysis is performed in A6'1'.

>ased on the flow condition using A'43 pressure vessel codes the corresponding

forces and moments are imposed as load conditions. The analysis is performed for the

deformation and stresses.


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13. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF PISTONABSTRACT

This project mainly deals with the design, analysis and manufacture of piston. 2iston is a

component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors and pneumaticcylinders among other similar mechanisms. In an engine, its purpose is to transfer force from

e*panding gas in the cylinder to the cran#shaft via a piston rod andCor connecting rod. 0ere the

piston is designed, analy7ed and the manufacturing process has been studied.

2iston temperature has considerable influence on efficiency, emission, performance of the

'I engine. 2urpose of the investigation is measurement of piston transient temperature at several

points on the piston, from cold start to steady condition and comparison with the results of finite

element analysis.In this project the piston is modeled and assembled with the help of +ATIA software and

the component is meshed and analysis is done in A6'1' software and the thermal and static

behavior is studied and the results are tabulated. The various stresses acting on the piston under

various loading conditions has been studied.

+oupled field analysis (i.e) structural E thermal is done on the piston to verify the

strength. The analysis is done using two different materials Aluminum, +arbon and 'teel.

+omparison is done for the three materials to verify the better material for our designed piston.

In the preset thesis wor# has been ta#en up on the following aspects to cover the research gaps

and to present the results based on the systematic studies F

) Temperature distribution and heat flow through the piston of an engine.

") ;3A analysis of the piston to measure temperature at the points where it is not possible to

find out practically and to observe the heat flow inside the piston.


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14. DESIGN AND STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF HIGH SPEEDHELICAL GEAR USING ANSYS

ABSTRACT

4arine engines are among heavy%duty machineries, which need to be ta#en care of in the best

way during prototype development stages. These engines are operated at very high speeds which

induce large stresses and deflections in the gears as well as in other rotating components. ;or the

safe functioning of the engine, these stresses and deflections have to be minimi7ed.

In this project, static%structural analysis on a high speed helical gear used in marine engines,

have been performed. The dimensions of the model have been arr ived at by

th eo re ti ca l me th od s. The stresses generated and the deflections of the tooth have been

analy7ed for different materials. ;in all y the res ult s obt ain ed by the ore tic al ana lysi s

and ; ini te 3lement Analysis are compared to chec# the correctness. A conclusion

has been arrived on the material which is best suited for the marine engines based on the results.

15 . DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF DISC BRAKEROTOR

The main objective behind underta#ing the project GAnalysis of :isc >ra#e otorH is to

study and evaluate the performance of disc bra#e under severe bra#ing conditions and thereby

assisting in disc bra#e rotor design and analysis.

A6'1' .! is a dedicated general purpose ;inite 3lement pac#age used for determining

the temperature, stress and strains. A6'1' is a fle*ible and cost effective tool. A6'1' is used in

industries in order to solve several mechanical problems.

In this project, an A*is%'ymmetric disc bra#e rotor is considered for analysis. ;lange

width of 8mm, !mm and "mm made of +ast Iron, Aluminum and Aluminum composite are


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considered. A +oupled ;ield Analysis (Transient Thermal Analysis and 'tructural Analysis) is

performed to obtain the Temperature :istribution and on%4ises 'tress. After the +oupled field

analysis is performed, a graph is plotted between the distance and temperature.

An attempt is made to suggest the best combination of material and flange width for disc

bra#e rotor, which yields a low temperature variation across the rotor disc and minimum von%

mises stress possible.

16. D"#$%&' $#$(")&) *+ '*%,*)&- ,/*, (( / *+ )0&, ) FEA

ABSTRACT

'hips and underwater vehicles li#e submarine and torpedoes use propeller for propulsion.

In general, propellers are used as propulsors and they are also used to develop significant thrust

to propel the vehicle at its operational speed and 24. The blade geometry and design are more

comple* involving many controlling parameters. 2ropeller with conventional isotropic materials

creates more vibration and noise in its rotation. It is undesirable in stealth point of view. In

current years the increased need for light weight structural element with acoustic insulation has

led to use of fiber reinforced multi layered composite propeller. The present wor# is to carry out

the dynamic analysis of aluminum, composite propeller which is a combination of 5; 2 (5lass

;iber einforced 2lastics) and +; 2 (+arbon ;iber einforced 2lastics) materials.

The present thesis deals with modeling and analy7ing the propeller blade of a underwater

vehicle for their strength. A propeller is a comple* geometry which requires high end modeling

software. The solid model of propeller is developed in +ATIA - 8. Tetrahedral mesh is

generated for the model using 0123 43'0. 'tatic, 3igen and frequency responses analysis of

both aluminum and composite propeller are carried out in A6'1'. Interlaminar shear stresses

are calculated for composite propeller by varying the number of layers. The stresses obtained are


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well within the limit of elastic property of the materials. The results were compeered with Tsai%

$u failure theory and found they were within the safe limits.

17. F& (3 P/* ( % *+ A C$ M* #- B/$' - O+ L*$3 KP/&3

In an automobile industry while designing the components, the most critical aspect

considered is the compactness and the weight of the component. According to the 6ewton s "nd

law of motion the energy required to accelerate the vehicle depends upon the mass of the

automobile. In the structural point of view the automotive materials should have more strength to

weight ratio. The mounting brac#ets are meant for supporting the structural component and

electronic components such as batteries, seats, cabin, chassis, rear body and also it should

support the e*ternal load such as passenger s weight. 'ince it is very much needed to reduce the

weight and therefore it is to be redesigned or optimi7ed for minimum weight without sacrificing

the functionality. The most common material used for the structural components is structural

steel.

In the initial stage the brac#et is designed according to the specifications of the

mountings without considering any other factors. Analysis will be performed for 3*isting and

6ew modified designs. The most important factors that are concentrated are shape and si7e and

constraints are stress distribution and deflection. The design structure is optimi7ed for its

topology and topography. The reviewed design is analy7ed and the better design for the

minimum weight is considered, according to the optimi7ed design parameters the structure is

rebuilt.


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In the present wor# an attempt has been made to produce optimi7ed design of a mounting

brac#et. The modeling is carried out in +ATIA and meshing with quality is ensured through

0yper 4esh. The analysis is carried out using Ansys by the objective function as shape and

topology and the weighting function as weight, and constraints are the deflection and stresses

induced.

18. STATIC AND DYNAMIC RESPONSE ANALYSIS OF ACENTRIFUGAL BLOWER USING FEA

ABSTRACT

+entrifugal blowers are used e*tensively for on%board naval applications have high noise

levels. The noise produced by a rotating component is mainly due to random loading force on the

blades and periodic iteration of incoming are with the blades of the rotor. The contemporary

blades in naval applications are made up of aluminum or steel and generate noise that causes

disturbance to the people wor#ing near the blower.

The present wor# aims at e*amining the choice of composites as an alternative to metal

for better vibration control. +omposites, #nown for their superior damping characteristics are

more promising in vibration reduction compared to metals. The modeling of the blower was done

by using solid modeling software, +ATIA - /. The blower is meshed with a three

dimensional he*8 mesh is done using 0123 43'0 !.

It is proposed to design a blower with composite material, analy7e its strength and

deformation using ;34 software. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of composites and metal

blower using ;3A pac#aged (A6'1'). 4odal analysis is performed on both Aluminum and

composite blower to find out first - natural frequencies.

1 . D )&2# $#3 $#$(")&) *+ ,/ )) / 8 )) ( %* #- ( 2)


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2ressure vessels li#e pre%water heaters essentially heat e*changers that are used in

closed cycle power cycles. These pressure vessels are used to preheat the water fed into >oilers

or heat the water before entering the boiler using e*panded steam to increase the efficiency of the

ran#ine cycle.

These heavy duty pressure vessels are in wor#ing condition throughout the year.

The mounting legs should be strong enough to withstand the load. The design of mountings of

the pressure vessels is very crucial and is dependent on the load and outer dimensions of the

pressure vessel.

This project involves

. :esign of the legs for the specified pressure vessel load.

". ;3 analysis of legs for validation of the load to ensure whether they withstand for the

specified design load.

9 .DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF ROCKET THRUSTER BY USING

FEA

oc#et Thruster is a reaction control system of


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Thruster is then subjected to a thermo%structural load and then von 4ises stresses are

estimated.

91. STRESS AND ANALYSIS OF CRANKSHAFTS SUBJECT TO DYNAMIC LOADING

A )-/$'-The main objective of this project was to investigate weight and cost reduction opportunities for

a forged steel cran#shaft. The need of load history in the ;34 analysis necessitates performing a

detailed dynamic load analysis. Therefore, this study consists of dynamic load analysis and

stress analysis. In this project a dynamic simulation was conducted on cran#shafts cast iron from

similar single cylinder four stro#e engines. ;inite element analysis was performed to obtain the

variation of stress magnitude at critical locations. The pressure%volume diagram was used to

calculate the load boundary condition in dynamic simulation model, and other simulation inputs

were ta#en from the engine specification chart. The analysis was done for different engine speeds

and as a result, critical engine speed and critical region on the cran#shafts were obtained. 'tress

variation over the engine cycle and the effect of torsional load in the analysis were investigated.

22.FINITE ELEMENT MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL

FIXATION DEVICES FOR DISTAL FEMUR BONE

FRACTURES

A )-/$'-

The present wor# is focused on design and analysis of internal fi*ation devices for distal

femur bone fractures. It also presents the conceptual implant models for the fractures in distal

femur bone. The misaligned and unstable fractures of distal femur bone are treated by operative

incision using various internal fi*ations li#e Intramedullary nail, plates and $ires. The finite

element analysis was carried out during static loading condition which helps to compare the

stiffness and stress distributions of intact femur bone and fractured femur bone. It is observed

that stiffness value of the conceptual models is varied by changing the order of screw fi*ations of

the implants. The stiffness and stress distribution values of the intact model and conceptual

models are compared with previous literature. It shows the order of screw fi*ation improves the

significant amount of stiffness for distal fractured femur bone. It is also observed from the


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results that the stiffness of conceptual model% (Intramedullary nail) is more than that of

conceptual model%" (shield type plate) with respect to intact femur bone when the screws are

fully fi*ed . The stress distributions of conceptual model% is -@ more than that of conceptual

model%". These results are useful to understand the preferable conceptual implant model% to

union the fracture occurred in the distal femur bone with more stability.

Abstracts Mech

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