ABSTRACT - UIN Syarif Hidayatullah...

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i ABSTRACT Riyan, “Translation Assessment of Figure of Speech on Song Lyrics Falling in Love by J-Rocks and Adam and Eve by Nidji”. A thesis: English Letters Department, Faculty of Adab and Humanities, State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2014. The research discuss about the assessment of translation song lyrics. The analysis is aimed to identify the figures of speech and the way to assess song lyrics translation uses descriptive qualitative method. The research discusses how the assessment of both source and target lyrics and the figures of speech findings by using assessment indicators theory. The research focused several figures of speech: Personification, Allegory, and Symbol. The writer uses sample from each stanza of the both lyrics. The indicators of the assessment remain: Nearly perfect translation, Excellent translation, Good translation, Quite good translation, Poor translation.

Transcript of ABSTRACT - UIN Syarif Hidayatullah...

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ABSTRACT

Riyan, “Translation Assessment of Figure of Speech on Song Lyrics Falling in Love

by J-Rocks and Adam and Eve by Nidji”. A thesis: English Letters Department,

Faculty of Adab and Humanities, State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah

Jakarta, 2014.

The research discuss about the assessment of translation song lyrics. The

analysis is aimed to identify the figures of speech and the way to assess song lyrics

translation uses descriptive qualitative method.

The research discusses how the assessment of both source and target lyrics

and the figures of speech findings by using assessment indicators theory. The

research focused several figures of speech: Personification, Allegory, and Symbol.

The writer uses sample from each stanza of the both lyrics. The indicators of the

assessment remain: Nearly perfect translation, Excellent translation, Good translation,

Quite good translation, Poor translation.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books:

Bassnett, Susan, 2002, Translation Studies. London: Routledge.

Carole, K.D and William D, 1998, How to Read and Interpret Poetry. New York:

Macmillan.

Catford, J.C, 1965, A Linguistic Theory of Translation. London: Oxford University

Press.

DiYanni, R, 1889, Literature: Approach to fiction, Poetry, and Drama. USA: New

York University, p. 717

House, Juliane, 2009, Translation. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 13

Hood, Benny, 2006, Penerjemahan dan Kebudayaan. Jakarta: Pustaka Jaya.

Koller, W, 2008, Introducing Translation Studies, in Jeremy Munday: Theories and

Applications. London and New York: Routledge, p. 47

Machali, R, 2000, Pedoman Bagi Penerjemah. Jakarta: PT. Grasindo.

M.L. Larson, 1984, Meaning-Based Translation; A Guide to Cross-Language

Equivalence. USA: University Press of America, Inc.

Newmark, Peter, 1988, A Textbook of Translation. London: Prantice Hall.

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Newmark, P, 2006, in Benny Hood, Penerjemahan dan Kebudayaan. Jakarta:

Pustaka Jaya.

Nida, E.A. and Taber C, 1974, The Theory and Practice of Translation. Leiden: E.

Jbril.

Nida, E.A and Taber C, 1981, in Peter Newmark, Approoaches to Translation.

Oxford: Pergamon Press, p. 128

Rifaterre, Michael, 1978, Semiotics in Poetry. London: Indiana University Press.

Simatupang, M.D.S, 2000, Pengantar Teori Terjemahan. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal

Pendidikan, p. 131

Journals:

Dublin, S.O, The journal of Specialized Translation: Towards a Dynamic Quality

Evaluation Model for Translation. Vol 14, No. 3, Januari (2012).

Jiang, Chengzi, 2013. Quality Assessment of the Translation Museum Text Journal:

application of systemic functional model. Vol 18. No. 2 (2013), June 2, 2010.

Supardi, M, 2010, “Cultural Translation”, English Language and Literature Journal.

Vol 1. No. 2 (2008).

Zaimar, O.K.Sumantri, Jurnal Sastra Humaniora: Majas dan Pembentukannya. Vol.

6, No. 2, December (2002).

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Website:

Hale, Martin: http://www.encarta.com_Figure of speech November 03, 2009 p.01,

Assessed on March 20, 2014

Dan, Claire: http//:/Ensclopedia/Poetry_Analysis_Review_5614490.htm, Assessed on

March 23, 2014

John, Graham: http://www.tnnelen.com/cybereng/lit_terms/allegory.html, Assessed

on February 11, 2014

Official J-Rocks: http://j-rocks.co.id, Assessed on January 10, 2014

Official Nidji: http://nidji.co.id, Assessed on January 10, 2014

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of Research

Language has dynamic characteristics based on the development epoch,

and each language will move and elaborate as significant as their habitat trait.

Based on Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, language is “lambang bunyi (yang

berartikulasi dan dihasilkan oleh alat ucap) bersifat sewenang-wenang dan

melahirkan perasaan dan pikiran.”1 This definition explains that language as a

arbitrary sign of voice to express a feeling or an idea. Furthermore, language uses

as a tool of communication in daily activities.

In social life, the functions of language keep developing and have been

using for some activities, such as in education, religion, culture, or as

entertainment. Language also has many functions, such as:2 expressive function,

informative function, vocative function, aesthetic function, phatic function,

metalingual function. The language we used may perform either by formal or

literary style; it depends on the situation and the respondent level. However, if the

language placed in literary work, people might understand it in a figurative sense.

1 Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan

Republik Indonesia, Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Ed 3, (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 2007), p. 66. 2 Peter Newmark, A Textbook of Translation (London: Prentice Hall, 1988), p. 39-44.

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The language in literary work dominated by figurative language which is

related with someone feeling and emotion. Translating literary work is not the

simple thing as translating scientific work. Literary work, such as poetry, song

lyrics, drama, and so on can’t be translated easily, because they demand to look

over the context and other factors. As the other literary work, lyrics used figures

of speech to express meaning in expressible in literal speech. Some of figures of

speech, such as Metaphor, Personification, Hyperbole, Simile, etc are commonly

used in lyrics. Every kind of figure of speech contains connotative meaning.

Furthermore, by acknowledging these kinds of thing, the translator is

expected to find the proper equivalent. Here, the equivalent means “naturalness”

which can be reflected the same perception to the source language. In commonly

sense, a result of translation should be natural and not sound foreign. As Barnwell

defines naturalness is the use of the natural form of the target language. So that,

the translation will effective and acceptable.3

Lyrics is part of music that has been known as a kind of short poem that

involves the expression of intense personal emotion. Translation on song lyrics

could help people to understand a song, because sometimes the problem appears

when readers can’t comprehend the meaning of lyrics in the source language.

3 Katherine Barnwell, Introduction to Semantic and the translation (London: Summer

Institude of Linguistics, 1984) p. 15

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In order to make some reviews and evolves the result of the translation works,

the assessment pure need to be applied. Otherwise, the translators are only stuck

in one work which is lack of improvisation. In addition, the translator is expected

to have cultural knowledge, because translation is not only about language but

involved the culture as well.4 Other than that, the assessment could motivate a

translator to produce good quality translation result.

In the research, the researcher is truly interesting to analyze the

assessment of figures of speech of Falling in love song and Adam and Eve. The

figures of speech can influence the aesthetic value in lyrics of a song; because

normally people need enjoying the song because of the beautiful music played

and the lyrics

B. Focus of the Research

Based on background of the study above, the researcher will focus on

identifying some types of figures of speech Personification, Allegory, and

Symbol. Then, the focus of the research will expose the way of doing the

assessment from both song lyrics Falling in Love and Adam and Eve by

comparing the original song and the translation.

4 M. Supardi, “Cultural Translation”, English Language and Literature Journal. Vol. 1 No. 2

(2008), Januari 6, 2010, p. 69

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C. Research Question

The problems that will be discussed are formulated through the questions:

1. What kinds of figures of speech in song lyrics translation Falling in love

and Adam and Eve?

2. How is the assessment of the translations and figures of speech in both

songs lyrics Falling in Love and Adam and Eve?

D. Objective of the Research

This research aims to find out:

1. The kinds of figures of speech in song lyrics translation Falling in love and

Adam and Eve.

2. The way to give the assessment of the translations and figures of speech in

both song lyrics Falling in Love and Adam and Eve.

E. Significance of the Research

Literary texts are interesting to be discussed because of figures of speech

contain inside them, including song lyrics. Translations of these texts are rarely

analyzed. In doing translation of song lyrics, the author is asked for looking the

aesthetic side over; without leaving the message and the main intention of the

source language.

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Generally, the assessment of a translation literary text is needed to do

because of the variety figurative language and also other factors, such the tone,

rhyme, the characters, and so on. On the other hands, the aim of the assessment

can build the ability and sense of a translator. So that, each translator is challenge

to produces better translation literary text result. Furthermore, it can motivate the

translators and gives input of new perception for candidate translators as well.

F. Research Methodology

1. Collecting Data

Data of both songs lyrics Falling in Love and Adam and Eve are taken

from J-Rocks’ official website: http://j-rocks.co.id and Nidji’s official

website: http://nidji.co.id. The researcher reads both of lyrics in order to do

the assessment by using the indicators as the guidelines; identify the figures of

speech and compare the source language text to the translation in assessing

the lyrics.

2. Method of the Research

The researcher used descriptive qualitative method in the research; its

means all the analysis will be explained by giving clear description of each

data. The Translation Assessment theory applied in the research is taken from

Rochayah Machali’s and Robert Diyanni’s book in giving the assessment,

identifying figures of speech, and deciding the judgment of the analysis result.

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Both of the theories are more suitable for the research because they provide

the indicators of translation assessment and give clear constrain of each

translation.

3. Data Analysis

The data will be analyzed by using qualitative method. The researcher

reads both source lyrics and the translations; identifies and analyze figure of

speech findings (personification, allegory, and symbol); gives the assessment

from those findings using translation assessment theories; and decides the result

of the assessment.

4. Unit of Analysis

The unit analysis of the research as of both song lyrics “Falling in Love”

from J-Rocks and “Adam and Eve” from Nidji and several figures of speech

findings such Personification, Allegory, and Symbol. Both of the song made

in Bahasa Indonesia at the first, and translated into English by J-Rocks’ and

Nidji’s team.

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CHAPTER II

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

A. Translation

1. Definition of Translation

The translation, according to Juliane House, is a kind of secondary

communication with both a limiting and an enabling function. It can be

defined as a process of replacing a text in one language by an equivalent text

in another language.1 While, Catford states that translation is the replacement

of textual material in one language (source language) by equivalent textual

materials in another language (target language).2 Simply, translation is an

activity to transform one language to the target language by keeping the

message in the closest form.

Whether some experts have their opinion in defining the translation

meaning, still, the principle in translation that should be remembered is a

work which “recreate” someone intention and written in other language. One

of the competencies that should be possessed by the translator is language

competence. Other competencies are textual competence, cultural

competence, and transfer competence.

1 Juliane House, Translation, (New York: Oxford University Press, 2009), p. 13

2 J.C. Catford, A Linguistic Theory of Translation, (London: Oxford University Press, 1965),

p. 20

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A translation result can be considered as a successful works if the

message, thought, ideas, and concepts that exist in the source language can be

delivered into the target language as a whole, by a translator. This is certainly

difficult to achieve because of differences in language and cultural systems of

the source language and target language.

Nida and Taber said that translating should reach the closest natural

equivalence from the source language to the target language, firstly in terms

of meaning and secondly in terms of style.3 Related with the equivalences in

literary work, Koller explains that formal equivalence is an equivalence which

concern to the terms of the form and the aesthetic value of the text includes

wordplays and the individual stylistic features of the source text.4 So, it suits

for any kind of literary work, such as song lyrics. Here the translation results

become success if people in the target language have the same respond as the

source language. In addition, as a means of communication, the translation

should be accurate, clear, and natural. So that it’s not sound foreign.5

3 Nida and taber, in Peter Newmark, Approoaches to Translation, (Oxford: Pergamon Press,

1981), p. 128 4 Koller, in Jeremy Munday, Introducing Translation Studies: Theories and Applications,

(London and New York: Routledge, 2008), p. 47 5 Katherine Barnwell, Introduction to Semantics and Translation, (London: Summer Institute

of Linguistics, 1984), p.15

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B. Translation Assessment

1. The Theory of Translation Assessment

The quality assessment of a translation is something very crucial, and it

needs deeper attention in the application.6 The assessment can be

differentiates into two types, that are general assessment and special

assessment.7 General assessment focuses on the concept of semantics and

communicative translation method. Meanwhile, special assessment related

with certain texts, such as verdict or government letter which have some

specific expressions, or literature text, which the expressions have expressive

characteristic.8 As one of literary text, of course, assessing the song lyrics can

be something challenging because of the aesthetic and expression style are

unique.

Basically, the assessment of the translation is relative, as Newmark

suggests there are four methods to do the translation assessment based on the

character:9 a) Translation as a science, b) Translation as a craft, c) Translation

as an art, d) Translation as a taste.

6 Dublin, S.O, The Journal of specialized Translation: Towards a Dynamic Quality Evaluation

Model for Translation. Vol 14, No. 3, January (2012) 7 Rochayah Machali, Pedoman bagi Penerjemah, (Jakarta: PT. Grasindo, 2000), p. 109

8 Ibid

9 Newmark, P, in Benny H, Hoed, Penerjemahan dan kebudayaan, (Jakarta: Pustaka Jaya,

2006)

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The translation as a science means the assessment is taking from language

analysis only, which the result can be seen and judged as rational, or and

correct-incorrect by the language and the grammatical context. Meanwhile,

the translation as a craft viewed as the effort to accommodate language use in

order to get the proper equivalent in the target language.

Both of these types commonly found in scientific text, such as education

books, verdict letter, official text, and so on. Besides those, the translation

also as an art could be explains as the “Creating” in translation, not only doing

language shift, which is familiar with literature text or poetic and based on

personal or social style. The last, the translation as a taste is more personal,

which is the translation is a result of personal or individual consideration

feelings.

2. The Foundation in Giving the Assessment

According to Jiang, there is no exact standard to measure or judge the

quality of a translation.10

The reason is each of text has their following

function. Besides that, the success of translating the text is depends on the

equivalent word or phrase chosen in the target language. However, the word

“equivalence” is almost debating by the experts in translating a literature

work. People were often debating this issue only as a demand of “similarity”.

10

Chengzi Jiang, Quality Assessment of the Translatioon Museum Text Journal: application

of systemic functional model. Vol 18, No. 2 (2013), June 2, 2010

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Yet, recently the equivalence in translation is something related about

function and definite method of the text. As we discussed that translation

assessment is still relative especially in judging whether the translation is

correct or incorrect. But before the assessment applies, the additional

explanations could be used as the indicators of the assessment. Here are the

indicators:

1. Nearly perfect translation: Natural style; almost seems as the original or

the source; equivalence in word or phrase, no mistake or deviation in

grammatical, spelling, and terminology terms use.

2. Excellent translation: No meaning distortion; no clumsy or awkward

literal translating; almost equivalence in transform word or phrase, no

deviation in using terminology terms; found one or two mistakes in spelling.

3. Good translation: No meaning distortion; found little mistake in literal

translating of the whole text; still have lack of equivalences, also found

mistake in grammatical and wrong idiom in small number of the whole text;

found one or two terminology used which not standard.

4. Quite good translation: Feel clumsy; found some awkward literal

translating, but at least a quarter of the whole text, many word or phrase not

equivalence, found wrong idiom and or grammatical in small number; found

one or two awkward and or unclearly terminology terms use.

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5. Poor translation: Very clumsy; so many awkward literal translating;

almost not equivalence, found meaning distortion and wrong terminology use

almost a half of the whole text.

By using those indicators, it can help the translator to do the assessment

of the translation, because it becomes clear to decide the quality of the

translation. The assessment also can be classified in a continuum which

revolves on “rational area” and “taste area”.

As we know that there are four methods in giving the assessment of the

translation. The continuum will guide the translator whether the translation

grouped in rational, or taste area. In this research, the object is song lyrics,

which is one of literature work. It could be conclude that the assessment will

focus on taste are, either the translation of these song lyrics as an art, or as a

taste. Let’s see the continuum scheme below:

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3. Translation Assessment of Figures of Speech

Some of the texts, such as song lyrics and other literary works, the form

and meaning are related each other. It means that the meaning covered the

form itself. Here, finding the accuracy is usually difficult especially for these

kinds of the translations.11

Some experts argue translating literary work is

something about “creating” new literary work in the target language based on

the original text.

Then, for the assessment of the literary works translation, always

followed by the statement either good translation or bad translation as the

result of the assessment. The criteria can be explained as: a). good translation:

dynamic suitability – the form still remain the same which keep the meaning

sense consistently. b). bad translation: the same form – the main sense lost or

changed because no changing on the sentences form alteration.

In addition, the method should be right, so the efficiency of the

translation that has made goes to the right reader or target; and the assessment

is much needed for all the translators to have any input and critics. In

exchange, the translation activity can be more elaborated along with science

development and culture diversity as well.

11

Maurits D.S. Simatupang, Pengantar Teori Terjemahan, (Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal

Pendidikan, 2000), p. 131

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C. Figures of Speech

1. Definition of Figures of Speech

The definition of figure of speech is a word or group of words used to

give particular emphasis to an idea or sentiment.12

The special emphasis is

typically accomplished by the user’s conscious deviation from the strict literal

sense of word, of from the more commonly used from of word order or

sentence construction. Its purpose is to strengthen styles of speech and

composition and to reinforce the meaning so that the result is not awkward,

but on the contrary emerge the artistic effect.13

Other definition explains as a language diverse utilizing which

purposed to get certain effects. The whole characteristic of figure of speech

such as: the figurative language usage (poetics); expression of such opinions

and feelings, either by oral or written exclusively.14

In short, figures of speech are combinations of words whose meaning

cannot be determined by examination of the meanings of the words that make

it up. However, a figure of speech is more narrowly definable as a way of

saying one thing and meaning another, and also need to be concerned with no

more a dozen.

12

http://www.encarta.com_Figure of speech November 03, 2009, p.01 13

Suparman Natawidjaja, Apresiasi Stilistika (Jakarta: PT Intermasa, 1986), p. 3 14

Zaimar, O.K. Sumantri, Jurnal Sastra Humaniora: Majas dan pembentukannya. Vol. 6,

No.2, December (2002)

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2. Kinds of Figures of Speech

A figure of speech is any way of saying something other than the

ordinary way, and some rhetoricians have identified as many as 250 different

figures.15

There are four classifications of them as general, they are:

Comparison, Allusion, Confirmation and Contradiction. However, among of

them are very familiar in song lyrics, such as Personification, Allegory, and

Symbol.

a. Personification

Personification is a figure of speech in which human attributes are

given to an animal, an object, or a concept. It is really subtype of metaphor, an

implied comparison in which the figurative term of the comparison is always

a human being. In other comprehension, personification involves giving

things the characteristics of people.16

The characteristics could be as human’s behaviors, feelings, and their

attributes: When someone makes a mirror speak and think, it can be

categorized that the person is personifying an object; When Angelina

describes autumn as a harvester “sitting careless on a granary floor”, she is

personifying a season. Personifications differ in degree to which they ask the

reader actually to visualize the literal form.

15

Laurence Perrine and Thomas R. ARP, Sound and Sense: An introduction to Poetry,

(Harcourt Brace College, 1991), p. 61 16

http//:/Ensclopedia/Poetry_Analysis_Review_5614490.htm

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b. Allegory

According to Thomas E Porter, an allegory is a word or phrase or

name that occurs in another text which carries with it the meaning and

emotional freight which it has in the text.17

Allegory is a form of extended

metaphor, in which objects, persons, and actions in a narrative, are equated

with the meanings that lie outside the narrative itself.18

It can be

comprehended as a form of narrative in which people, place, and happenings

have hidden or symbolic meaning.19

The name and event in allegory may be

abstract but the purpose is always clear. The meaning of allegory should be

drawn up to the surface in understanding it. Although the surface story or

description may have its own interest, the author’s major interest is the

ulterior meaning.20

Allegory differs from symbolism in establishing a strict system of

correspondences between details of action and a pattern of meaning. It is

usually difficult to interpret because the readers have to direct a theme beyond

other theme. For example: You are covered with shinning. In that sentence,

the speaker means that the person has charismatic aura and super confident.

17

James H Pickering and Jeffry D Hoeper, Concise Companion to Literature, (New York:

Macmillian Publishing Co, Inc, 1981), p. 150. 18

http://www.tnnelen.com/cybereng/lit_terms/allegory.html 19

Robert DiYanni, Literature: Approach to fiction, Poetry, and Drama, (USA: New York

University, 1889), p. 717 20

Lok Cit.,Laurence Perrine, 1991, p. 88

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c. Symbol

A symbol is any object, or action that represents something beyond

itself. 21

Another definition states that symbolism a word or image signifies

something too abstract or too complex to explain in the ordinary way.

Typically, a symbol represents something that is difficult or impossible to

define clearly.22

An angel, for example, can represent a rescuer, or beauty, or

something truly special.

Another example about symbol that was in Robert Frost poem:

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,

And sorry I could not travel both

And be one traveler, log I stood

And looked down one as far as I could

To where it bent I the undergrowth;

The poem “The Road not Taken” describes a choice made between

two roads by a person out walking on the woods. He would like to explore

one and then come back and explore other, but he knows that he will probably

be unable to do so.

21 op cit., Robert DiYanni, 1889, p. 715 22 Carole Kiler Doreski and William Doreski, How to Read and Interpret Poetry. New York:

Macmillan.,1988, p. 172

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CHAPTER III

RESEARCH FINDING

A. Data Description

The steps of the research finding would be followed as: Describing the

songs background and providing the song lyrics at the first. Secondly, identifying

and analyzing the figure of speech findings. The third, giving the assessment from

those findings using the theory of translation assessment. Finally, deciding the

result of the assessment.

1. Falling in Love and Adam and Eve Song Background

Falling in love’s song made into two languages and becomes part of J-

Rocks’ third album in 2009, which named Road to Abbey. The video clip in this

album is taken at Abbey Road legendary studios in London. J-Rocks is the first

Indonesian band that makes album recording in that studios handled by Chris

Butler, which ever used by several international famous singers and band, like

The Beatles, Green Day, Muse, Oasis, Radiohead, Red Hot Chili Peppers, U2 and

even Michael Jackson. The album success produces 75.000 copies with Platinum

certificate. Both of the songs very popular and dominate in pop genre, which

chosen as the first chart of the best pop song in 2009.

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Meanwhile, Adam and Eve song released at 2007, in South East Asia.

Nidji made this song by adapting the original song, Kau dan Aku. The song was

very popular and became the best single that Nidji’s ever made. In short, all the

arrangements of this song are similar.

a. Song Lyrics and Translation (Falling in Love)

Source Language (SL) Target Language (TL)

1st Stanza:

Kurasakan ku jatuh cinta

Sejak pertama berjumpa

Senyumanmu yang selalu

Menghiasi hariku

1st Stanza:

I think I'm in love for the first time

And it's making my heart confused

Tell me what exactly happened

How I wonder it will be

2nd

Stanza:

Kau ciptaanNya yang terindah

Yang menghanyutkan hatiku

Semua telah terjadi

Aku tak bisa berhenti memikirkanmu

Dan ku harapkan engkau tau

2nd Stanza:

You're touching my heart and my soul

While your hands in my hands indeed

Tell me what exactly happened

Makes me feel I'm drowning too deep

Seems weird for me

I will never let this feeling cold

3rd

Stanza:

Kau yang kuinginkan

Meski tak ku ungkapkan

Kau yang kubayangkan

Yang slalu kuimpikan

3rd Stanza:

If You were mine

Sharing all ups and downs

I'm gonna be around

And forever it would be

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4th

Stanza:

Aku jatuh cinta.

Tlah jatuh cinta

Cinta kepadamu

Ku jatuh cinta

I’m falling in love

I’m falling in love with you

4th Stanza:

Cause I’m falling in love

I’m falling in love

Yes, I’m falling in love.

I’m falling in love

Yes, I’m falling in love

I’m falling in love with you

b. Song Lyrics and the Translation (Adam and Eve)

Source Language (SL)

Target Language (TL)

1

st Stanza:

Jika Kau dan Aku

Jalannya telah berbeda

Haruskah kita berharap

Langitkan beri jawaban

1st Stanza:

Is it a time to talk

Or is it a time to wait

This is a time for one source

By killing my own believe

2nd

Stanza:

Walau hanya satu kata

Penuh makna

Pastikan Kita bisa

Dengarkan suara hati

2nd Stanza:

When love is all that I know

Love is faithless

You and I Were meant to be

Wanting that I believe

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3rd

Stanza:

Kau dan aku selalu

Untuk selamanya

Kau dan aku selalu

Untuk bersama

3rd Stanza:

Can I believe you and I

Will never be apart

Can still believe you and I

Till time will let us live

4th

Stanza:

Cinta kita kita sama

Walau rintangan melintas

Satukan harapan

demi kau dan aku

Di masa depan ah…ah…

4th Stanza:

When love is all that I know

Although the answer lays in lie

Don’t deny and stay with me

For all eternity

And always will be

B. Data Analysis

1. Figures of Speech Findings and Assessment

a. Falling in Love

The song tells about the feeling of a person who has been fallen in

love; all the feelings are expressed enthusiastically. The assessment starts to

identify the figures of speech findings of each line. The figures of speech remain

are personification, allegory, and symbol. Those three figures of speech are very

common appearing in the song lyrics. From those finding, the researcher do the

assessment and classify them based on the indicators of the translation

assessment.

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Here are the figures of speech findings:

Data I = Personification

- SL : Menghiasi hariku (4th

line, 1st stanza)

- TL : How I wonder it will be (4th

line, 1st Stanza)

Data II = Allegory

- SL : Kurasakan ku jatuh cinta (1st line, 1

st stanza)

- TL : I think I'm in love for the first time (1st line, 1

st stanza)

Data III = Symbol

- SL : Yang menghanyutkan hatiku (2nd

line, 2nd

stanza)

- TL : While your hands in my hands indeed (2nd

line, 2nd

stanza)

From those figures of speech findings, personification and allegory in

the source language are not translated with the same figures of speech in the

target language. Meanwhile the symbol in the source language is translated with

the symbol as well in the target language lyrics. Here are the explanations:

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Personification

The understanding of personification is giving any kind of human

characteristics to dead thing; either it is an abstract thing or real thing. The

characteristics such as: behavior, feeling, or attributes.

Data I

- SL : Menghiasi hariku (4th

line, 1st stanza)

- TL : How I wonder it will be (4th

line, 1st Stanza)

The lyrics in the source language classify into personification figure of

speech from the word hias; it signs as human characteristics. This personification

is not shifted into the same figure of speech.

From the assessment of translation analysis using Rochayah Machali’s

theory, the translation lyrics above can be categorized as poor translation. The

indicators of this categorization such as: many awkward literal translating and

meaning distortion. It can be seen in translation lyrics of that personification

figure of speech, the literal translation lyrics how I wonder it will be from the

source lyrics menghiasi hariku changes awkwardness and contains meaning

distortion because the message has delivered differently. The source lyrics

explain the joyful day because of love; while the target language lyrics explain

contrary which just describes the indistinctness feeling because of love sense.

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Allegory

Allegory is a word or phrase or name that occurs in another text which

carries with it the meaning and emotional freight which it has in the text.

Data II

- SL : Kurasakan ku jatuh cinta (1st line, 1

st stanza)

- TL : I think I'm in love for the first time (1st line, 1

st stanza)

The lyrics classify into figure of speech of allegory in the source

language, but the lyrics does not transform with the same allegory in the target

language. The words jatuh cinta in the source language has identified as the sign

of action in sensing love appearance.

From the assessment of translation analysis lyrics above, it can be

categorized as quite good translation. The indicators are identified clearly based

on the theory, such as the literal translating still feel clumsy and the meaning still

distortion. The words in love in the target lyrics means the person already have

the relationship, meanwhile the message in the source language jatuh cinta

means the person just want to make special relationship. The additional of

adverbial time in the target language is unnecessary.

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Symbol

Symbol represents as any object, or action that represents something

beyond itself.

Data III

- SL : Yang menghanyutkan hatiku (2nd

line, 2nd

stanza)

- TL : While your hands in my hands indeed (2nd

line, 2nd

stanza)

The lyrics contains in the source language above classify into symbol

which runs the same in the target language. The sign of symbol in the source

lyrics has identified in the word hati. Whereas, the symbol figure of speech in

target lyrics identified in the word hands.

From the assessment of translation lyrics above, the categorization of

translation assessment is poor translation. Even the author has been used the

same figure of speech in the target lyrics, but the meaning and message delivered

pretty diverge. It also makes the literal translation feel so clumsy. The symbol

figure of speech transform far differently from the word hati in the source lyrics

to the word hands in the target lyrics. The message in the source lyrics yang

menghanyutkan hatiku tells about drifted feeling after loving to someone. On the

other hand, the message in the target lyrics while your hands in my hands indeed

just express the situation in which the person convinced his or her couple.

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b. Adam and Eve

The song explains an expectation of a person for attracting the opposite

sex to be his/her mine, although it seems impossible. The conviction to fulfil

what he/she desires until the end. Same as Falling in Love song lyrics, the steps

of assessment start by identifying the figures of speech (personification, allegory,

and symbol) findings of each line, then doing the assessment and classifying

them based on the indicators of the translation assessment. Here are the findings:

Data I = Personification

- SL : Walau rintangan melintas ( 2nd

Line, 4th

Stanza)

- TL : Although the answer lays in lie (2nd

Line, 4th

Stanza)

Data II = Allegory

- SL : Dengarkan suara hati (4th

Line, 2nd

Stanza)

- TL : Wanting that I believe (4th

Line, 2nd

Stanza)

Data III

- SL : Langitkan beri jawaban (4th

Line, 1st Stanza)

- TL : By killing my own believe (4th

Line, 1st Stanza)

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From those figures of speech findings above, personification and

allegory in the source language are translated with the same figure of speech in

the target language; while the symbol in the source language is not translated

with the symbol as well in the target language. Here are the explanations:

Data I = Personification

- SL : Walau rintangan melintas ( 2nd

Line, 4th

Stanza)

- TL : Although the answer lays in lie (2nd

Line, 4th

Stanza)

The lyrics above in the source langauge classify into figure of speech of

personification from the word melintas; also occurs in the target language from

the word lays in lie.

Here the assessment of translation analysis certainly using the same

theory by Rochayah Machali. Translation lyrics above already proper in

transferring figure of speech, but unfortunately the main message delivered

divergently. Therefore, the translation lyrics above can be categorized as quite

good translation. The indicators remain are clumsy in translating and distortion

in meaning. The assessment of those both lyrics, especially the figure of speech

of personification, has achieved in the similarity. The personification in the

source lyrics melintas means passing through. And personification in target

lyrics lays in lie can be comprehended as passing through in the same line.

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Another side, the word rintangan in the source lyrics contains the

meaning as obstacle or hindrance. Whereas, the meaning in the target lyrics

translation answer can be understood as the direction or the suggestion; it

performs contrary to the word obstacle. In addition, the message in the source

lyrics contains understanding about dependability feeling in loving someone.

On the other side, the message in the target lyrics explains the truth has

uncovered. Shortly, the divergences in transferring the word properly can

changes meaning and even message in the lyrics.

Data II = Allegory

- SL : Dengarkan suara hati (4th

Line, 2nd

Stanza)

- TL : Wanting that I believe (4th

Line, 2nd

Stanza)

The lyrics in the source language classify into allegory figure of speech;

here the word identified is suara. In the target language, the word believe

identified as the same allegory.

From the assessment of translation lyrics above, the categorization of

translation assessment is still poor translation. The main indicator of this

categorization is when the meaning become distortion. Also the translating lyrics

feel quite clumsy because of word chosen and grammatical problems.

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Translating source lyrics dengarkan suara hati become wanting that I

believe in the target lyrics felt not acceptable in grammatical and not represent

the message similarly. The sentence in the source lyrics is kind of phrase; the

message also delivered clearly. Whereas the sentence in target lyrics changed

unclearly independent clause; therefore the message contains in the target lyrics

seemed to vague. Although the author has been used the same figure of speech in

the target lyrics and reached the similar understanding, but the whole meaning in

the target lyrics delivered divergently.

Data III = Symbol

- SL : Langitkan beri jawaban (4th

Line, 1st Stanza)

- TL : By killing my own believe (4th

Line, 1st Stanza)

The lyrics in the source language classify into figure of speech of

symbol identified in the word langit. That symbol symbolizes something huge

or great, and contains the meaning that visualization of something impossible

to reach. The lyrics not change with the same symbol figure of speech in the

target language. The sentence by killing my own believe actually identified as

allegory figure of speech because the word killing represents an action which

carries further meaning in narratively.

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The assessment of translation lyrics above can be categorized as

poor translation. The indicators of this categorization remain are inelegant in

translating (clumsy) and distortion in meaning. The lyrics analysis based on the

context in the source language langitkan beri jawaban refers the lyrics

haruskah kita berharap in previous lyrics. From the analysis here, the message

becomes clearly understand where it is explaining the huge expectation which

seems impossible to be achieved or to be applied. Meanwhile the message in

the target lyrics by killing my own believe explains about omitting the

conviction. So, the message confirmed is not delivered similarly.

Even the author has translated the source lyrics symbol figure of

speech with another figure of speech, such as allegory, it is not guaranteed the

message can be delivered similarity and enabled precisely to make the

awkwardness. After describing the findings of figures of speech above, the

researcher may resume several things: still many structures and grammatical

form feel clumsy mostly appeared in the target language, and some of the

translation lyrics have no direct or similar intention (an awkwardness result).

As the conclusion, the assessment of the translation from both song lyrics

could be put in poor translation level. The description goes through to the

indicators of poor translation level; it because the translation contains word

clumsy and meaning distortion in the target language.

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By these several facts, the translation of both song lyrics also

grouped as a taste area; because the author just made the lyrics prominently

personal or individual substances; and it emphasizes only in the rhyme and

intonation.

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CHAPTER IV

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusion

Language is unique. It is not only used for education, religion, culture, but

also as entertainment. Entertainment gives us expressive and aesthetic values in

showing people intention and feeling. Everyone needs song or music in filling his

or her feeling about such a thing; we also know by listening the music, our feeling

can be more meaningful. In every country, songs were made to be listened and

enjoyed by people. So that, lyrics should be perfect and often need further

embellishment.

The researcher only focuses the analysis on three kinds of figures of speech,

which are Personification, Allegory, and Symbol. Starting by comparing both

source and target lyrics texts, in order to get the assessment of the translation

song; then analyzing figures of speech findings. Based on the findings in Falling

in Love song, the statistic from the comparison lyrics almost clumsy and contain

many meaning distortion of each stanza; the equivalences result of the lyrics just

performs less than half of the total lines; which can be seen in the second to fourth

stanzas analysis. The song keeps containing the three figures of speech but

unfortunately exist in the different line and stanza of the target language.

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It is also occurs in Adam and Eve song lyrics. There are too many clumsy

word and meaning distortion translation. Equivalences in the target language are

really hard to reach; still many wrong technical terms usage. The structure in the

target language goes differently in big number. Yet, even the figures of speech

again are not standing in the same line, the explanation of them keep managing as

personification, allegory, and symbol.

As the result, the translation of these song lyrics contain many

inconsistency points perform in the target language; either in form (structure) or

in figures of speech used. They could be categorized as a poor translation and

stood in taste area based on the continuum assessment.

B. Suggestion

After obtaining the conclusion, the researcher would propose some

suggestions as follow:

1. Candidate Translators

The assessment also can suggest the translators to see the effectivity and

efficiency of translation works. The candidate translators (students of translation

department), in addition, of course have to understand translation procedures and

techniques first before do the assessment. In order to reach good translation, the

translation works assessment is very important to do regularly.

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Translation of any text surely become useful for people to comprehend

messages and information contained in the text. It also can support next

translators to explore and expand any translation knowledge further; and

expectably can spread them in broader areas.

2. Musicians

The translation assessment result of song lyrics translation also can

suggest others musicians in order to maintain the similar intention of the source

language lyric. Several of them only keep the rhyme and intonation in the closest

form of the source language, but fail in delivering information and intention in the

target language (translation).

3. Next Researcher

In the future, there are still many analysis can be reached from various

translation text, either academic text or literary text. The researcher believes many

other candidate translators have the opportunity to make new effective and

efficient way in increasing the quality of the translation works.