Abstract expressionism
Transcript of Abstract expressionism
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Abstract ExpressionismBy: Christy Balewski
&Sam Bush
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What it is…
• Abstract Expressionism is a painting movement in which artists typically applied paint rapidly, and with force to their huge canvases in an effort to show feelings and emotions.– non-geometrically, sometimes applying
paint with large brushes, and looks as if to be an accident but is really quite planned.
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History…• European artists
began moving to America during WW II.
• The main result of the new American fascination with Surrealism was the emergence of Abstract Expressionism.
• Produced in New York roughly between 1940-1960.
Jackson PollackOcean Greyness
1953
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• Made New York the center of the art world, and was often called the “New York School”.
• Abstract Expressionism was the first art movement to influence artists over seas, rather than vice versa.
• Artists wanted to establish their independence from European surrealists and other art trends.
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• Arshile Gorky was the artist to put this movement into motion, because his art ideals were obtained from Surrealism, Picasso, and Miro.
• Emphasized the depiction of emotion’s rather then objects.
• Paintings consisted of shapes, lines, and forms meant to create a separate reality from the visual world.
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“What was to go on the canvas was nota picture, but an event.”
Critic- Harold Rosenberg
Hans HoffmanRising Moon
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European Influence
• European Surrealists obtained their notion of the unconscious mind, from Sigmund Freud.
• Many Americans at this time, derived Carl Jung’s theory- the “collective unconscious” holds that beneath ones private memories, is a store house of feeling and symbolic thoughts.
• With all the European influence, Abstract Expressionists sought universal themes within themselves.
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Action Painting
• One of the two techniques for Abstract Expressionism was known as Action Painting.
– A style of painting which paint is spontaneously dripped, splashed or smeared onto the canvas, rather then being carefully applied.Willem de Kooning- Paris Review
1979
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Jackson Pollock (1912-1956)
• Influenced by Mexican muralist painters, and Surrealism.
• Canvases were usually on the floor, or the wall where he dripped or poured on the paint.
• Used knives, sticks, or towels instead of brushes.
• Occasionally putting sand, broken glass, or other matter, into his paintings.
• Resulted in direct expression and “Action Painting”.
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Jackson Pollock
Shimmering Substance
1946
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Jackson PollockEnchanted Forest
1947
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Jackson Pollock Lavender Mist
1950
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“I have no fears about making
changes, destroying the
image… because the painting has a life of its own.”
Jackson Pollock
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Arshile Gorky (1904-1948)
• 3 Factors in work of the 1940’s– Intense childhood
memories of Armenia, prime subject matter.
– Growing interest in Surrealism.
– Many discussion with colleagues about Jungian ideas.
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Waterfall- Arshile Gorky (1943)
• The unstructured shapes, and drips of paint hint at the fluidity of the Waterfall.
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Arshile Gorky - One Year the Milkweed
1944
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Willem de Kooning
• A pioneer in Abstract Expressionism.
• Tried to capture energy and emotion through Action Painting.
• Alternated between abstract and figural painting.
• Blended traditional forms, with a sense of uncertainty.
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Willem de KooningWoman I
1950-1952
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Willem de KooningPink Angels
1945
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Willem de KooningBlack Friday
1948
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Willem de Kooning
Women III1952
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Willem de KooningExcavation
1950
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Franz Kline (1910-1962)
• His works around 1946 had a Cubist structure, or were abstract.
• Around 1950, he made large calligraphic paintings in black and white.
• In 1958, Kline introduced color in some of his works.
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Franz KlineFigure Eight
1952
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Franz KlineNew York, N.Y.
1952
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Franz KlineUntitled
1958
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Color Field Painting
• The Second Type of Abstract Expressionism paintings.
• Paintings with solid area of color covering the whole canvas.
• Meant to be seen up close, so the viewer is immersed in color.
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Mark Rothko(1903-1970)
• Asymmetrical blocks of color, and painted the edges of his canvases, then displayed them without frames.
• Titles were unimaginative leaving the interpretation up to the viewer.
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Mark RothkoRed, Orange, Tan
and Purple1949
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Mark Rothko Orange and Red on Red
1957
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Kenneth Noland(1924-2010)
• First to stain canvases with thinned paints.– Appeared as pure
and saturated color.
• Made concentric rings, and parallels, in relation to the size of the canvas.
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Kenneth NolandHeat1958
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Kenneth Noland
Back and Front1960
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Sculptures
• David Smith is one of the most famous Abstract Expressionism sculptor’s
• He created large, steel geometric sculptors• His motivations were similar to that of the
painters• His most famous sculptors are his Cubi series
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David SmithCubi XIX
1964
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What it Influenced
• Created a whole new way to look at art
• Influenced later art movements– Pop Art–Minimalism– Tachisme