About common Zoonoses
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Transcript of About common Zoonoses
“World Zoonoses Day– 6th July”
Zoonotic diseases Transmission (routes of spread)
Animal involved
Clinical forms(signs in man)
Disease burden /year(no. of cases/deaths)
Rabies (Virus)
Bites of rabid dog (mainly), cats, monkeys, racoons
Canines (mainly Dogs)
Two forms:• Furious rabies• Paralytic rabies
• Global : 55,000 deaths• India : 20,000 deaths
(highest in world)
Japanese Encephalitis (Virus)
Mosquito bites PigsBirds
Encephalitis, tremors & convulsions (mainly children)
• Global : 67,900 cases • India : 1714- 6594 cases
Brucellosis (Bacteria)
Raw milk of infected animals, Contact with abortion cases/dung
Broad range(mainlyruminants)
Recurrent fever, fatigue,arthritis, testicle swelling and endocarditis
• Global : 5, 00,000 cases• India : Widely prevalent
(ranks 6th in world)
Anthrax (Bacteria)
Contact with infected hide, Spore inhalation, Eating infected meat
Ruminants highly susceptible
• Cutaneous anthrax,• Pulmonary anthrax• Intestinal form.
• Global : 100,000 cases• India : 2000-20,000 cases
Tuberculosis(Bacteria)
Contaminated raw milk and aerosols
Bovines Fever, coughing, emaciation, weakness or fatigue
• Global : 9.6 million cases• India : 2.2 million cases
Plague(Bacteria)
Bite of flea (found on body of rats & cats)
Rodents Pus filled lymph nodes,pneumonia & cyanosis
•Global : 1000-5000 cases in last 20 years
Leptospirosis(Bacteria)
Walking in/drinking water having rat urine
Rodents (mainly rats)
High fever, jaundice, red eyes& rashes, kidney failure
• Global : 500,000 cases • India : Endemic
Q- fever (Bacteria)
Breathing in air infected with abortion
Domestic animals
Pneumonia, abortion, arthritis, hepatitis
Worldwide (except New Zealand)
Toxoplasmosis(Parasite)
Eating food infected with cat faeces
Felines(mainly cats)
Abortion, mental retardation, retinitis
•Global : 190,100 cases of Congenital toxoplasmosis
Leishmaniasis(Parasite)
Bite of sandfly(blood sucking insect)
Dog Disfiguring skin scars, Enlarged spleen
• Global : 130 lakhs cases: 25000 deaths
1 billion cases of illness &
Millions of deaths every year
Direct losses - $2 billion/year
Indirect losses ->$20 billion/yr
Farm/pet animals/birds reservoirs
PREVENTION
&
CONTROL
Animal diseases
75%
New human diseases
Human
Wild life reservoirs
1,415 human diseases (868 are zoonoses)
217 Viruses & Prions
538 Bacteria & Rickettsia
307 Fungi
66 Protozoa
287 Helminths`
Awareness about Zoonotic diseases !!! (Issued by: Division of Veterinary Public Health, IVRI)
ZOONOSES are infectious diseases naturally transmissible between animals and humans
• Total human infections - 1415
• Total Zoonotic infections - 868 (61%)
• Total Emerging diseases -175
• Emerging Zoonoses -132 (75%)
Vaccinate animals Control insects & rats Follow hygiene Eat cooked, clean & covered foods
Keep yoursurroundings clean
Losses due to zoonoses