Aboriginal Health Risk Assessment

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     Aboriginal Health Risk Assessmentof Mercury in Bull Trout Harvestedfrom the Crooked River,British Columbia

    Prepared for:

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     West Moberly irst !ations

    "boriginal #ealt$ %isk "ssessment o&

    Mercury in 'ull Trout #areste &rom t$e

    Crooke %ier, 'ritis$ Columbia

    Marc$ *01+

    roect 02+5/000

    *itation6

    3RM. 2015. Aboriginal Health Risk Assessment of Mercury in Bull Trout Harvested from the rooked River!

    British olumbia. re'are& or 7est Mo)erly -irst 8ations )y 3RM *onsultants *ana&a Lt&.6

    ancouver, ritish *olu")ia.

    %M

    3RM uil&ing, 15th -loor

    1111 7est :astings Street

    ancouver, *

    *ana&a 3 2;#

    $6

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    -CT/V MM"%

    $3 o the 7est Mo)erly 'rovi&e& the )asis or the assess"ent o ris! to hu"an health &ue to

    consu"'tion o ull $rout ro" the *roo!e& River syste". Biven the connectivity o the *roo!e&

    River syste" to the 7illiston Reservoir where a ish a&visory is in 'lace &ue to "ercury, there was

    concern that "ercury concentrations in ish harveste& ro" this river syste" woul& also )e elevate&.

    $hereore, a 'reli"inary Cuantitative ::RA ocuse& on "ercury was &one to &eter"ine what, i

    any, ris! there is to hu"an health &ue to consu"'tion o ull $rout ro" the *roo!e& River syste".

    $he ::RA ollowe& stan&ar& :ealth *ana&a gui&ance. $he 'reli"inary ::RA ocuse& on -irst8ation consu"ers, inclu&ing consi&eration o tra&itional 'ractices an& consu"'tion 'atterns.

    $ra&itional 'ractices relate& to ish consu"'tion "ay inclu&e atten&ance at -ish *a"'s. -ish

    *a"'s are 'erio&s o ti"e in the late s'ring or early su""er where 'eo'le gather together an& a

    nu")er o ull $rout are harveste&. -ish "ay )e either consu"e& i""e&iately or ta!en ho"e or

    later consu"'tion. -ish harveste& )y atten&ees o the -ish *a"'s are !e't or 'ersonal

    consu"'tion throughout the year, &istri)ute& to other a"ily or co""unity "e")ers, or 'otentially

    use& or tra&e or sale to others in accor&ance with the cultural "o&e o lie. -ish "ay )e consu"e&

    )y 'eo'le o all ages an& )oth gen&ers, either resh ic "ethyl"ercury or".

    $he concentrations o "ercury "easure& in the tissue o ull $rout an& 8orthern i!e"innow were

    relatively high. All o the 8orthern i!e"innow an& #+F o the ull $rout ha& tissue "ercuryconcentrations that e>cee&e& the :ealth *ana&a Ma>i"u" *onta"inant Stan&ar& an& the ritish

    *olu")ia Ministry o 3nviron"ent

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    Recommended Maximum Weekly Intake of Bull Troutbased on 95th Percentile Mercury Concentrations

    Figure 1

    0

    50

    100

    150

    200

    250

    300

    350

    General Population

    292

    129

    106

    46   46

    20   25

    11

    58

    26

    21

    Sensitive Adult Child Toddler  

       R  e  c  o  m

      m  e  n   d  e   d   M  a  x   i  m  u  m   W  e

      e   k   l  y   I  n   t  a   k  e

       (  g  r  a  m  s  p  e  r  w  e  e   k   )

    Recommended Maximum Weekly Intakeof Bull Trout during Fish Camps

    30

    40

    50

    60

    70

    n   d  e   d   M  a  x   i  m  u  m   W

      e  e   k   l  y   I  n   t  a   k  e

       (  g  r  a  m  s  p  e  r  w  e  e

       k   )

    Recommended Maximum Weekly Intake

    of Bull Trout during Remainder of the Year 

    Fresh FishDried or Smoked Fish

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    "'2%/3/!"4 #"4T# %/5 "M!T 2 M%C% /! '44 T%2T #"%VTD %2M T# C%225D %/V%, '%/T/# C24M'/"

    Si"ilarly, &uring the re"ain&er o the year, the RM7( o ull $rout or the general 'o'ulation

    )ase& on the 95th 'ercentile o "ercury concentrations or resh ish is 0.05 !gwee! an& or &rie&

    ish is 0.02 !gwee!. $he RM7(s are lower or those in the sensitive grou's, ranging ro"0.005 !gwee! resh ish or or to&&lers, 0.009 !g ishwee! or chil&ren un&er 12 years o age, an&

    0.021 !g ishwee! or wo"en o chil&)earing age or those who are 'regnant. -or &rie& ish, the

    RM7(s are 0.002 !gwee! or to&&lers, 0.004 !gwee! or chil&ren un&er 12, an& 0.009 !gwee! or

    sensitive a&ults. $hese RM7(s are also shown gra'hically in -igure 1. (t is 'ro)a)le that 'eo'le are

    consu"ing "ore ish than is reco""en&e& &uring the ti"e o year outsi&e o the -ish *a"',

    'articularly or 'eo'le in the "ore sensitive grou's.

    :aDar& Cuotients were also calculate&, )ase& on a ratio o the esti"ate& &aily inta!e o "ercury an&

    the '$H(. 7hen the :Q is greater than 1.0, there coul& )e a ris! to hu"an health an& a&&itional

    investigation shoul& )e con&ucte&. Huring the -ish *a"'s, the :Qs range& ro" #1.9 in the general

    'o'ulation to 1#. in to&&lers, )ase& on the consu"'tion rates

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    "C5!2W4D3M!T

    $his re'ort was 'ro&uce& or 7est Mo)erly -irst 8ations )y 3RM Rescan. (t was written )y ruce

    Muir

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    73S$ M?3RL@ -(RS$ 8A$(?8S

    -(S: *?8$AM(8A8$S S$JH@"boriginal #ealt$ %isk "ssessment o& Mercury in 'ull

    Trout #areste &rom t$e Crooke %ier,

    'ritis$ Columbia

    T"'4 2 C2!T!T

    3>ecutive Su""ary ............................................................................................................................................ i 

    Ac!nowle&ge"ents ........................................................................................................................................... v 

    $a)le o *ontents .............................................................................................................................................vii 

    List o -igures ...................................................................................................................................... i> 

    List o $a)les ........................................................................................................................................ i> 

    List o lates .......................................................................................................................................... > 

    List o A''en&ices............................................................................................................................... >i 

    A))reviations ..................................................................................................................................................>iii 

    1.  (ntro&uction an& A''roach to Assess"ent ................................................................................... 1/1 

    1.1 

    ?verview .............................................................................................................................. 1/1 

    1.2  Stu&y Area ............................................................................................................................ 1/1 

    1.#  :u"an :ealth Ris! Assess"ent -ra"ewor! .................................................................. 1/1 

    2. 

    ro)le" -or"ulation ........................................................................................................................ 2/1 

    2.1  Hata Jse& to Su''ort the Ris! Assess"ent ..................................................................... 2/1 

    2.1.1 

    $ra&itional 3cological nowle&ge ...................................................................... 2/1 

    2.1.2 

    -ish $issue Metals, -ish Age, an& ?ther iological Hata ................................. 2/4 

    2.1.2.1 

    Analytical $esting ................................................................................. 2/5 

    2.2  Sco'e o the Ris! Assess"ent K *once'tual Mo&el ........................................................ 2/ 

    2.2.1  reli"inary 3sti"ate o Histri)ution o ull $rout in the Stu&y Area ........... 2/ 

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    "'2%/3/!"4 #"4T# %/5 "M!T 2 M%C% /! '44 T%2T #"%VTD %2M T# C%225D %/V%, '%/T/# C24M'/"

    #.#.1  Serving or ortion SiDes ...................................................................................... #/10 

    #.#.2  atterns in -ish *onsu"'tion i"u" 7ee!ly (nta!e ........................................................................ 5/4 

    5.2.1 

    *alculation o Reco""en&e& Ma>i"u" 7ee!ly (nta!e )ase& on the

    95th ercentile o Mercury *oncentrations ......................................................... 5/5 

    5.2.2  *alculation o Reco""en&e& Ma>i"u" 7ee!ly (nta!e )ase& on -ish

    Length ...................................................................................................................... 5/+ 

    5.2.# 

    *alculation o Reco""en&e& Ma>i"u" 7ee!ly (nta!e )ase& on -ish7eight ................................................................................................................... 5/10

     

    5.2.4  Su""ary an& *onclusions )ase& on Reco""en&e& Ma>i"u" 7ee!ly

    (nta!es or ull $rout........................................................................................... 5/12 

    5.2.4.1  *onsu"'tion o ull $rout &uring the -ish *a"'s ...................... 5/12 

    5.2.4.2 

    *onsu"'tion o ull $rout &uring the Re"ain&er o the @ear ... 5/1# 

    5.#  *alculation o :aDar& Quotients ..................................................................................... 5/14 

    5.4  -ish *onsu"'tion A&visory or the 7illiston Reservoir ............................................ 5/15 

    5.5  Su""ary an& *onclusions ro" Ris! *haracteriDation .............................................. 5/1 

    ("'ortance o -ish *onsu"'tion an& $ra&itional ractices to :ealth ..................................... /1 

    +. Assu"'tions, Jncertainties, an& Li"itations ............................................................................... +/1

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    T"'4 2 C2!T!T

    +.  *onta"inants o otential *oncern .................................................................................. +/# 

    +.+  Mercury $issue *oncentration Bui&elines ...................................................................... +/# 

    +. 

    A&ust"ent o Methyl"ercury rovisional $olera)le Haily (nta!e )ase& on

    *onsu"'tion atterns ........................................................................................................ +/4 

    .  Su""ary an& Reco""en&ations ................................................................................................... /1 

    .1 

    Su""ary an& *onclusions ................................................................................................ /1 

    .2  Reco""en&ations ............................................................................................................... /# 

    Reerences ....................................................................................................................................................... R/1

    -*T /, ,01R%*

    -igure 1. Reco""en&e& Ma>i"u" 7ee!ly (nta!e o ull $rout, )ase& on the 95th ercentile

    o Mercury *oncentrations. ............................................................................................................... iii 

    -igure 1.2/1. Stu&y Area or the A)original -isheries in the *roo!e& River Syste" ........................... 1/2 

    -igure 2.1/1. -ish an& the $ra&itional Seasonal Roun& ............................................................................ 2/2 

    -igure 2.2/1. otential Access arriers or ull $rout in the 7illiston Reservoir an& its

    $ri)utaries .......................................................................................................................................... 2/+ 

    -igure #.2/1. Mercury $issue *oncentrations

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    "'2%/3/!"4 #"4T# %/5 "M!T 2 M%C% /! '44 T%2T #"%VTD %2M T# C%225D %/V%, '%/T/# C24M'/"

    $a)le 5.1/1. Length an& 7eight o ull $rout 3sti"ate& to have $issue *oncentrations o

    Mercury 3>cee&ing :ealth *ana&a Ma>i"u" *onta"inant Stan&ar& ................................... 5/2 

    $a)le 5.1/2. * Ministry o 3nviron"ent ACuatic Lie Bui&elines or Mercury in -ish an&

    *o"'arison with Measure& Mercury $issue Resi&ues ro" ull $rout .................................. 5/2 

    $a)le 5.1/#. Length an& 7eight o ull $rout 3sti"ate& to have $issue *oncentrations o

    Mercury 3>cee&ing * Ministry o 3nviron"ent $issue Resi&ue Bui&elines ......................... 5/# 

    $a)le 5.2/1. Reco""en&e& Ma>i"u" 7ee!ly (nta!e o ull $rout )ase& on Su""ary

    Statistics an& :u"an Rece'tor Brou' ........................................................................................... 5/ 

    $a)le 5.2/2. Reco""en&e& Ma>i"u" 7ee!ly (nta!e o ull $rout &uring the -ish *a"'s

    )ase& on -ish Length an& :u"an Rece'tor Brou' ..................................................................... 5/ 

    $a)le 5.2/#. Reco""en&e& Ma>i"u" 7ee!ly (nta!e o ull $rout &uring the Re"ain&er o

    the @ear )ase& on -ish Length an& :u"an Rece'tor Brou' ..................................................... 5/9 

    $a)le 5.2/4. Reco""en&e& Ma>i"u" 7ee!ly (nta!e o ull $rout &uring the -ish *a"'s

    )ase& on -ish 7eight an& :u"an Rece'tor Brou' .................................................................. 5/11 

    $a)le 5.2/5. Reco""en&e& Ma>i"u" 7ee!ly (nta!e o ull $rout &uring the Re"ain&er o

    the @ear )ase& on -ish 7eight an& :u"an Rece'tor Brou' ................................................... 5/12 

    $a)le 5.#/1. Ris! *haracteriDation or Mercury (nta!e ro" ull $rout &uring -ish *a"'s an&

    Re"ain&er o the @ear .................................................................................................................... 5/15

    -*T /, P-AT%*

    late 1. artici'ants in the -ish Stu&y ............................................................................................................ v 

    late 2.1/1. 3>a"'le o )ait

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    "''%V/"T/2!

    $er"inology use& in this &ocu"ent is &eine& where it is irst use&. $he ollowing list will assist

    rea&ers who "ay choose to review only 'ortions o the &ocu"ent.

    "TD% Agency or $o>ic Su)stances an& Hisease Registry

    'C ritish *olu")ia

    'C M2 ritish *olu")ia Ministry o 3nviron"ent

    'W o&y weight

    CCM *ana&ian *ouncil o Ministers o the 3nviron"ent

    cm *enti"eter

    C2PC *onta"inant o 'otential concern

    8 Hry weight

    D/ 3sti"ate& &aily inta!e

    s  -raction o ti"e eating ish

    ##%" :u"an health ris! assess"ent

    #: :aDar& Cuotient

    /CP=M (n&uctively *ou'le& las"a K Mass S'ectrosco'y

    /%/ (ntegrate& Ris! (nor"ation Syste"

     >C"  ;oint 3>'ert *o""ittee on -oo& A&&itives an& *onta"inants

    kg ilogra"s

    mg Milligra"s

    M4/' McLeo& La!e (n&ian an&

    mm Milli"eter

    M%4 Mi i l i ! l l

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    "'2%/3/!"4 #"4T# %/5 "M!T 2 M%C% /! '44 T%2T #"%VTD %2M T# C%225D %/V%, '%/T/# C24M'/"

    %MW/ Reco""en&e& "a>i"u" wee!ly inta!e

    tuy "rea *roo!e& River watershe& in northeast ritish *olu")ia

    T5 $ra&itional ecological !nowle&ge

    TD/ $olera)le &aily inta!e

    T%V $o>icity reerence value

    C4M J''er coni&ence li"it o the "ean

    P" Jnite& States 3nviron"ental rotection Agency

     West Moberly 7est Mo)erly -irst 8ations

     W#2 7orl& :ealth ?rganiDation

    88 7et weight

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    1. 

    /!T%2DCT/2! "!D "PP%2"C# T2 "M!T

    1.1  2V%V/W  

    -ish in the la!es, rivers, an& cree!s o 2unne34a hanan5 tent to which the aCuatic environ"ent ha& )een a&versely i"'acte& as a result o the

    construction o the 7.A.*. ennett hy&roelectric &a" that create& the 7illiston Reservoir in

    northeast ritish *olu")ia

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    !.

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    Mackenzie

    McLeod Lake

    £¤97

    Carp Lake

    Great Beaver Lake

    McLeodLake

    SummitLake

    TudyahLake

    WillistonLake

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            6        1        2        5        0        0        0

    ±

    Figure 1.2-1

    Study Area for the Aboriginal Fisheriesin the Crooked River System

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    /!T%2DCT/2! "!D "PP%2"C# T2 "M!T

    1.  Problem ormulation

    ro)le" or"ulation &escri)es the conce'tual "o&el or con&ucting the ris! assess"ent,

    setting the conte>t or the sco'e o the assess"ent 'osure route'osure assess"ent stage o the ::RA &eter"ines the esti"ate& e>'osure to *?*s.

    $he e>'osure assess"ent ta!es into account any site/s'eciic inor"ation that is availa)le, or

    uses literature/&erive& &ata in the a)sence o site/s'eciic &ata.

    ?.  To;icity "ssessment

    $he tolera)le &aily inta!e 'eriencing a&verse eects. $he $H( will )e &eter"ine& )ase& on a

    search or $H(s &eine& )y :ealth *ana&a, the Jnite& States 3nviron"ental rotection

    Agency icity assess"ent are integrate& so that the ris!

    to hu"an health is Cuantitatively &escri)e&.

    +. 

    ncertainties an 4imitations

    $he assu"'tions "a&e throughout the assess"ent are &escri)e&, with consi&eration o how

    the assu"'tions aect the coni&ence in the assess"ent. Any li"itations to the analysis are

    &escri)e&.

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    *. 

    P%2'4M 2%M4"T/2!

    *.1  D"T" D T2 PP2%T T# %/5 "M!T 

    *.1.1  Traitional cological 5no8lege

    $ra&itional ecological !nowle&ge a"'le, inor"ation

    regar&ing s'ecies o ish, ish ha)itat, an& ishing 'ractices in the *roo!e& River syste".

    An overview o the tra&itional seasonal roun& regar&ing which s'ecies o ish are targete& isillustrate& in -igure 2.1/1.

    (n the s'ring each year, 7est Mo)erly sets u' cultural ca"'s tent. ull $rout were 'reviously harveste&

    via nets an& other tra&itional "eans, such as tree li")s an& lines. $issues ro" other s'ecies o ish were

    also use& as an entice"ent techniCue

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    "'2%/3/!"4 #"4T# %/5 "M!T 2 M%C% /! '44 T%2T #"%VTD %2M T# C%225D %/V%, '%/T/# C24M'/"

    Plate 6.+3:. %)ample of Bull Trout harvested from

    the rooked River! B.

    *.1.*  is$ Tissue Metals, is$ "ge, an 2t$er 'iological Data

    -ish were collecte& ro" the Stu&y Area in May 2012 )y "e")ers ro" McLeo& Lan& (n&ian an&

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    P%2'4M 2%M4"T/2!

    Plate 6.+3;. Photo of fish sampling! including measurement of fish length and weight!

    *eptember 6&+6

    6.+.6.+   Analytical Testing

    Aging Analysis

    ?toliths were set in e'o>y an& let to cure or 4 hours. $he nucleus was "ar!e& un&er a "icrosco'e

    an& the otoliths were su)seCuently sectione& using a low s'ee& sectioning saw, leaving the nucleus

    in the section. -inally otoliths were 'er"anently "ounte& on a "icrosco'e sli&e. Ages were

    &eter"ine& or all otoliths )y one technician, while 10F o sa"'les were ran&o"ly chosen or

    re/analysis )y a se'arate technician to 'rovi&e Quality AssuranceQuality *ontrol

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    "'2%/3/!"4 #"4T# %/5 "M!T 2 M%C% /! '44 T%2T #"%VTD %2M T# C%225D %/V%, '%/T/# C24M'/"

    ive sa"'les. ?ne o the ive sa"'les ha& a relative 'ercent &ierence o +F, which is higher than

    generally acce'ta)le. $his suggests that so"e sa"'les "ay not have )een ully ho"ogeniDe&.

    *.*  C2P 2 T# %/5 "M!T  C2!CPT"4 M2D4 

    -or the 'ur'oses o the current assess"ent, the sco'e is li"ite& to conta"inant e>'osures ro"

    consu"'tion o ish )y hu"ans. ?ther 'otential e>'osure routes or *?*s will not )e inclu&e&,

    an& the health o ish 'o'ulations is not consi&ere&.

    $he assess"ent will ocus on A)original consu"ers o ish ro" the *roo!e& River syste", since

    availa)le &ata suggests that A)original 'eo'les woul& have the highest consu"'tion rates or ish inthis area *, )ut is not consi&ere& in the

    ris! assess"ent. *onsi&eration o ris! to hu"an health &ue to the inci&ental consu"'tion o theseother "etals in ish tissue can )e evaluate& at a later &ate

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    £¤97

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    I n g e n i k a R i  v  e r

    M e s i   l   i   n  k  a

    O  m  i   n  e  c  a   

    R  i v e

     r

    O    s     p     

    i       k        a     

    R    i           v     e     

    r          

     N at i o n 

         R     i     v

       e   r

    P     a    r    s    

    n  i    p  R   

    i v e  r  

    W.A.C.BennetDamR i v e r 

    900000 1000000 1100000 1200000

            1        1        0        0        0

            0        0

            1        1        0        0        0

            0        0

            1        2        0        0        0        0        0

            1        2        0        0        0        0        0

            1        3        0        0

            0        0        0

            1        3        0        0

            0        0        0

            1        4        0        0        0        0        0

            1        4        0        0        0        0        0

            1        5        0

            0        0        0        0

            1        5        0

            0        0        0        0

    g

    1:2,600,000

    Date: April 08, 2015Projection: NAD 1983 BC Environment Albers

    ±  !.

    CommunityÆ-F Falls (≥3 metres)

    Æ-V Velocity barrier

    Assumed Fish Presence

    Restricted Fish Presence

    Highway

    Secondary Road

    Williston Watershed

    Study Area

    0 50 100

    Kilometres

    Potential Access Barriers for Bull Troutin the Williston Reservoir and its Tributaries

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    "'2%/3/!"4 #"4T# %/5 "M!T 2 M%C% /! '44 T%2T #"%VTD %2M T# C%225D %/V%, '%/T/# C24M'/"

    ?.*  C2!C!T%"T/2! 2 M%C% /! /#  

    $otal "ercury concentrations were "easure& in the ish tissue sent to ALS 3nviron"ental.

    Methyl"ercury is the or" o "ercury that is o greatest concern to hu"an health ce't or -ish 4, ha& &etecta)le concentrations o "ercury in tissue sa"'les. -or the

    'ur'oses o calculations an& statistics, the "ercury concentration in -ish 4 was assu"e& to )e

    eCuivalent to the "etho& &etection li"it o 0.001 "g!g ww. $his is a conservative assu"'tion

    since the la) analysis oun& that the concentration was less than the "etho& &etection li"it.

    ?.*.1  Concentrations base on t$e ummary tatistics

    Su""ary statistics or the concentration o "ercury in ull $rout an& 8orthern i!e"innow

    collecte& ro" the *roo!e& River syste" are shown in $a)le #.2/1. *oncentrations o "ercury

    "easure& in each in&ivi&ual ish is shown in -igure #.2/1, an& a reCuency &istri)ution o the

    "ercury tissue concentrations in ull $rout is shown in -igure #.2/2.

    Table ?.*=1. Mercury Tissue Concentrations in 'ull Trout an !ort$ern Pikeminno8 &rom t$e

    Crooke %ier system, May *01*

    Concentration o& Mercury (mg9kg 88)

    !umber

    o& is$ Mean

    tanar

    Deiation o&

    t$e Mean

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    Mercury Tissue Concentrations (in mg/kg ww) Measured inIndividual Bull Trout and Northern Pikeminnow, May 2012

    5

    6

    7

    8

    9

    10

    11

    1213

    14

    15

    16

    17

    18

    19

    20

    21

    22

    23

    2425

    26

    27

    28

    29

    30

    31

    32

    33

    34

    35

    3637

    38

    39

    40

    41

    42

    43

    44

    45

    46

    47

    48

    49

    50

    51

    52

    53

    54

    55

    56

    57

    1

    2

    3

         S    a    m    p     l    e

    Figure 3.2-2

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    Frequency Distribution of the Mercury Tissue Concentrations(in mg/kg ww) Measured in Bull Trout, May 2012

    0

    2

    4

    6

    8

    10

    12

    14

    16

    18

    0.1

    Note: ww = wet weight 

    0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

       N  u  m   b  e  r  o   f   S  a  m  p   l  e  s

    Concentration of Mercury in Bull Trout Tissue (mg/kg ww)

    -P2% "M!T

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    -P2% "M!T

    Larger ish i"u" "ercury concentration in ish tissue.

    :owever, an o)ective o this stu&y is to evaluate ris! in a way that ensures ris! is notun&eresti"ate&. $hereore, conservative assu"'tions shoul& )e use& throughout the assess"ent.

    $hereore, or the 'ur'oses o &eter"ining ris!, the 95th 'ercentile o "ercury concentrations in ish

    tissue is a reasona)ly conservative value that re'resents the u''er en& o "ercury concentrations

    that were "easure& in ull $rout ro" 2012.

    ?.*.*  Concentrations base on t$e se o& %egression %elations$i7s

    Regression analysis o the ull $rout &ata oun& that there was a signiicant relationshi' )etweenthe age o the ish an& "ercury concentrations in tissue

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    Regression Relationship between Age (in years) andMercury Tissue Concentrations (in mg/kg ww) for Bull Trout

    4 6 8 10 12 14 16

    0.0

    0.2

    0.4

    0.6

    0.8

    1.0

    1.2

    Age of Fish (years)

       C  o  n  c  e  n   t  r  a   t   i  o  n  o   f   M  e  r  c  u  r  y   i  n   F   i  s   h   T   i  s  s  u  e

       (  m  g   /   k  g  w  w   )

    Concentration of Mercury in Fish Tissue (mg/kg ww) = 0.06 (Age) - 0.03

    n = 57, adjusted r²  = 0.405, P  < 0.001

    Note: ww = wet weight 

    R i R l ti hi b t L th (i ) d

    Figure 3.2-4

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    Regression Relationship between Length (in mm) andMercury Tissue Concentrations (in mg/kg ww) for Bull Trout

    0.0

    0.2

    0.4

    0.6

    0.8

    1.0

    1.2

    400 500 600 700 800

    n = 57, adjusted r²  = 0.639, P  < 0.001

    Length of Fish (mm)

       C  o  n  c  e  n   t  r  a   t   i  o  n  o   f   M  e  r  c  u  r  y   i  n   F   i  s   h   T   i  s  s  u  e

       (  m  g   /   k  g  w  w   )

    Concentration of Mercury in Fish Tissue (mg/kg ww) = 0.0015 (length) - 0.36

    Note: ww = wet weight 

    R i R l ti hi b t W i ht (i k ) d

    Figure 3.2-5

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    Regression Relationship between Weight (in kg) andMercury Tissue Concentrations (in mg/kg ww) for Bull Trout

    0.0

    0.2

    0.4

    0.6

    0.8

    1.0

    1.2

    1 2 3 4 5

    n = 57, adjusted r²  = 0.617, P  < 0.001

    Weight of Fish (kg/ww)

       C  o  n  c  e  n   t  r  a   t   i  o  n  o   f   M  e  r  c  u  r  y   i  n   F   i  s   h   T   i  s  s  u  e

       (  m  g   /   k  g  w  w   )

    Note: ww = wet weight 

    Concentration of Mercury in Fish Tissue (mg/kg ww) = 0.14 (weight) + 0.18

    -P2% "M!T

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    = 0.0015 × ℎ − 0.36  O3Cuation 2P

    $he regression relationshi' )etween the weight 'osure assess"ent the esti"ate& &aily inta!e

    -S E raction o ti"e eating ish 7henever 'ossi)le, hu"an rece'tor characteristics will )e &eine& )ase& on inor"ation collecte&

    &uring the interviews with 'artici'ants ro" 7est Mo)erly

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    Table ?.?=1. Values se in t$e Calculation o& stimate Daily /ntake

    Parameter

    Toler (1=@ years) C$ilren (+=1* years) ensitie "ults 3eneral Po7ulation

    Duringis$

    Cam7s

    %emainer

    o& ear

    Duringis$

    Cam7s

    %emainer

    o& ear

    Duringis$

    Cam7s

    %emainer

    o& ear

    Duringis$

    Cam7s

    %emainer

    o& ear

    (ngestion Rate 0.5

    !g&ay

    0.02

    !g&ay

    1.10

    !g&ay

    0.1#

    !g&ay

    1.##

    !g&ay

    0.1#2

    !g&ay

    1.##

    !g&ay

    0.1#

    !g&ay

    Mercury

    *oncentration

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    "'2%/3/!"4 #"4T# %/5 "M!T 2 M%C% /! '44 T%2T #"%VTD %2M T# C%225D %/V%, '%/T/# C24M'/"

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    *han et al.

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    Plate :.:36. 9est Moberly member with Bull Trout that were prepared for consumptionat a later date.

    -or the 'ur'oses o the current assess"ent, the re'orte& esti"ate& consu"'tion rate or a&ults o

    4 !g in # &ays

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    @. 

    T2-/C/T "M!T

    @.1  P2T!T/"4 CT 2! #M"! #"4T# D T2 M%C% 

    ?nce "ethyl"ercury is ingeste&, al"ost the entire a"ount is a)sor)e& ro" the gastrointestinal

    trac! an& &istri)ute& to all tissues in the )o&y, where it has the a)ility to easily cross the )loo&/)rain

    )arrier an& the 'lacenta icity in hu"ans are the central an& 'eri'heral nervous syste"s icity sy"'to"s "ay not occur with chronic e>'osure to low &oses o "ethyl"ercury

    an& it is 'ossi)le that so"e oo&s an& &ietary ha)its can alter the 'ossi)le eects ro" e>'osure

    'erience a&verse neurological eects

    at "uch lower &oses than a&ults &o

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    @.*  P%2V//2!"4 T24%"'4 D"/4 /!T"5 

    $he $H( o "ercury is the a"ount o "ercury that can )e ta!en into the )o&y on a chronic 'resses the tentative nature o the to>icity

    evaluation, in view o the 'aucity o relia)le &ata on the conseCuences o hu"an e>'osure at levels

    a''roaching those in&icate&. 7hen ir" conclusions ro" ro)ust scientiic stu&ies are a)le to )e

    use& in a to>icity evaluation, the 'rovisional ter" is re"ove& ro" the $H(. ;3*-A ac!nowle&ge&that neuro&evelo'"ent is the "ost sensitive health outco"e associate& with "ethyl"ercury

    e>'osure, 'articularly or e>'osures o the etus that occurs in 'regnant wo"en. $he '$H( &erive&

    )y ;3*-A consi&ere& )oth the -aroe (slan& an& Seychelles stu&ies, as well as availa)le scientiic

    literature. $he '$H( incor'orates as uncertainty actor o .4.

    T2-/C/T "M!T

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    @.?  "D>TM!T 2 T# P%2V//2!"4 T24%"'4 D"/4 /!T"5 T2 "CC2!T

    2% /# C2!MPT/2! P"TT%! '"D 2! T%"D/T/2!"4 P%"CT/C 

    (n or&er to a''ro'riately use the '$H( to assess ris! to hu"an health, it is i"'ortant to ta!e into

    consi&eration "ercury e>'osure ro" other oo&s 'osure to "ercury &ue to

    consu"'tion o retail oo&s= or e>'osure routes 'osure &uring this short 'erio& o ti"e co"es ro" consu"'tion o the ull $rout

    harveste& at the -ish *a"'s. $he '$H( use& in the RM7( calculation will )e the ull a"ount o the

    '$H(, since it is assu"e& that 100F o an in&ivi&ual%s "ercury e>'osure &uring the -ish *a"'sco"es ro" the ull $rout. (t is 'ossi)le that the ris! to hu"an health &ue to "ercury coul& )e

    un&eresti"ate&, since this assu"'tion &oes not account or "ercury inta!e through other oo&s or

    'otential e>'osure routes.

    At other ti"es o the year 'osure is accounte& or )y &ecreasing the allowa)le ris! )y 0F 'osure

    route or oo& )eing assesse& contri)utes u' to 20F, or one/ith, o the total e>'osure=.

    $his assu"'tion allows or the 'ossi)ility that inta!e o "ercury ro" )ac!groun& e>'osures coul&

    )e signiicant, so there is a lower tolerance or inta!e o "ercury ro" one s'eciic oo& or 'athway.

    $hereore, the '$H(s use& or "ercury in ish tissue were &ivi&e& )y ive &uring the rest o the year

    'osures not consi&ere& inthis ris! assess"ent. $hus, the '$H(s use& or the R7M( calculation or 'erio&s o the year outsi&e o

    the -ish *a"' was 0.00004 "g!g )w&ay or sensitive 'o'ulations an& 0.000094 "g!g )w&ay or

    the general 'o'ulation. (t is 'ossi)le that the ris! to hu"an health is overesti"ate& )y "a!ing this

    assu"'tion, since the a"ount o u'ta!e o "ercury through consu"'tion o other oo&s or through

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    "'2%/3/!"4 #"4T# %/5 "M!T 2 M%C% /! '44 T%2T #"%VTD %2M T# C%225D %/V%, '%/T/# C24M'/"

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    $here was a signiicant relationshi' note& )etween the concentration o "ercury in ish tissue an&

    the length an& weight o ull $rout. ase& on the regression relationshi's &eine& in Section #.2

    cee&ing the "a>i"u" conta"inant stan&ar& o 0.5 "g!g ww.

    Table +.1=1. 4engt$ an Weig$t o& 'ull Trout stimate to $ae Tissue Concentrations o&

    Mercury ;ceeing #ealt$ Canaa Ma;imum Contaminant tanar

    #ealt$ Canaa

    Tissue %esiue

    3uieline

    (mg9kg 88)

    4engt$ or Weig$t at 8$ic$ t$e Tissue %esiue 3uieline is likely to be ;ceee

    4engt$ (mm) Weig$t (kg)

    'ase on

    %egression 4ine

    'ase on 77er

    Con&ience 4imit

    'ase on

    %egression 4ine

    'ase on 77er

    Con&ience 4imit

    0.5 5+# 550 2.# 2.1

    ase& on the linear regression, ish that are longer than 5+# "" cee&ing the :ealth *ana&a "a>i"u"

    conta"inant stan&ar& cee&ing the :ealth *ana&a "a>i"u" conta"inant stan&ar&.

    +.1.*  'C Ministry o& nironment "6uatic 4i&e 3uielines &or Mercury in is$ Tissue

    $he * M?3 has also 'u)lishe& aCuatic lie gui&elines or "ercury in ish tissue or when the hu"an

    &iet is )ase& 'ri"arily on ish

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    #+F o ull $rout an& 100F o the 8orthern i!e"innow sa"'le& ha& tissue concentrations o

    "ercury that e>cee&e& the gui&eline at the lowest consu"'tion rate.

    As note& 'reviously, there was a signiicant relationshi' )etween the concentration o "ercury inish tissue an& the length an& weight o ull $rout. ase& on the regression relationshi's &eine& in

    Section #.2 cee&ing the various * M?3 gui&elines

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    %/5 C#"%"CT%/G"T/2!

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    Plate '.636. Bull Trout harvested by a youth during

    the fall season in the Peace region.

    Rece'tor/s'eciic inor"ation a)out )o&y weight is not availa)le, so stan&ar& values or the

    average% 'erson in each hu"an rece'tor grou' were use& )ase& on

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    routes or "ercury &uring the various ti"es o the year, which have )een accounte& or through the

    use o &ierent '$H(s or the two 'erio&s ummary tatistic

    Concentration

    in is$

    (mg9kg 88)

    %ecommene Ma;imum Weekly /ntake (kg &is$98eek)

    &or Hres$I is$

    Toler

    C$ilren

    uner 1*

    ensitie

    "ult

    3eneral

    Po7ulation

    During is$ Cam7s95th ercentile 0.+9 0.025 0.04 0.10 0.292

    During remainer o& t$e year

    95th ercentile 0.+9 0.005 0.009 0.021 0.05

    %ecommene Ma;imum Weekly /ntake (kg &is$98eek)

    %/5 C#"%"CT%/G"T/2!

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    ase& on these calculations, the RM7( o ull $rout when eaten resh, roDen, or canne& or the

    general 'o'ulation

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    Table +.*=*. %ecommene Ma;imum Weekly /ntake o& 'ull Trout uring t$e is$ Cam7s base

    on is$ 4engt$ an #uman %ece7tor 3rou7

    %ece7tor C$aracteristics Toler

    C$ilren

    uner 1*

    ensitie

    "ult

    3eneral

    Po7ulation

    rovisional tolera)le &aily inta!e

    4engt$ (mm)

    stimate Mercury

    Concentration in 'ull

    Trout (mg9kg 88)

    %ecommene Ma;imum Weekly /ntake (kg &is$98eek)

    &or res$ is$

    Toler

    C$ilren

    uner 1*

    ensitie

    "ult

    3eneral

    Po7ulation

    #50 to 400 0.240 0.04 0.154 0.#50 0.99

    401 to 450 0.#15 0.04 0.11+ 0.2+ 0.+#

    451 to 500 0.#90 0.052 0.095 0.215 0.59

    501 to 550 0.45 0.04# 0.0+9 0.11 0.500

    551 to 00 0.540 0.0#+ 0.0 0.15 0.4#1

    01 to 50 0.15 0.0## 0.00 0.1#+ 0.#+

    51 to +00 0.90 0.029 0.054 0.122 0.##+

    +01 to +50 0.+5 0.02 0.04 0.110 0.#04

    +51 to 00 0.40 0.024 0.044 0.100 0.2++

    %ange in 'ull Trout

    4engt$ (mm)

    stimate MercuryConcentration in 'ull

    Trout (mg9kg 8)

    %ecommene Ma;imum Weekly /ntake (kg &is$98eek)

    &or Drie is$

    Toler

    C$ilren

    uner 1*

    ensitie

    "ult

    3eneral

    Po7ulation

    #50 to 400 0.545 0.0#+ 0.0 0.154 0.42

    401 to 450 0.+1 0.02 0.052 0.11+ 0.#25

    451 to 500 0. 0.02# 0.042 0.095 0.22

    501 to 550 1.05+ 0.019 0.0#5 0.0+9 0.220

    551 to 00 1.22+ 0.01 0.0#0 0.0 0.19001 to 50 1.#9 0.014 0.02 0.00 0.1

    51 to +00 1.5 0.01# 0.024 0.054 0.14

    +01 to +50 1.+#9 0.012 0.021 0.04 0.1#4

    +51 to 00 1 909 0 011 0 019 0 044 0 122

    %/5 C#"%"CT%/G"T/2!

    h ! ! & h ll ll < = h ! !

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    i eaten resh is 0.055 !gwee! an& or the s"allest ull $rout

    3eneralPo7ulation

    #50 to 400 0.240 0.01+ 0.0#1 0.0+0 0.194

    401 to 450 0.#15 0.01# 0.02# 0.05# 0.14

    451 to 500 0.#90 0.010 0.019 0.04# 0.119

    501 to 550 0.45 0.009 0.01 0.0# 0.100

    551 to 00 0.540 0.00+ 0.014 0.0#1 0.0

    01 to 50 0.15 0.00+ 0.012 0.02+ 0.0+51 to +00 0.90 0.00 0.011 0.024 0.0+

    +01 to +50 0.+5 0.005 0.010 0.022 0.01

    +51 to 00 0.40 0.005 0.009 0.020 0.055

    %ange in 'ull Trout

    4engt$ (mm)

    stimate Mercury

    Concentration in 'ull

    Trout (mg9kg 8)

    %ecommene Ma;imum Weekly /ntake (kg &is$98eek)

    &or Drie is$

    Toler

    C$ilren

    uner 1*

    ensitie

    "ult

    3eneral

    Po7ulation#50 to 400 0.545 0.00+ 0.014 0.0#1 0.05

    401 to 450 0.+1 0.00 0.010 0.02# 0.05

    451 to 500 0. 0.005 0.00 0.019 0.052

    501 t 550 1 05+ 0 004 0 00+ 0 01 0 044

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    "'2%/3/!"4 #"4T# %/5 "M!T 2 M%C% /! '44 T%2T #"%VTD %2M T# C%225D %/V%, '%/T/# C24M'/"

    Table + *=+ %ecommene Ma;imum Weekly /ntake o& 'ull Trout uring t$e %emainer o& t$e

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    Table +.*=+. %ecommene Ma;imum Weekly /ntake o& 'ull Trout uring t$e %emainer o& t$e

    ear base on is$ Weig$t an #uman %ece7tor 3rou7

    %ece7tor C$aracteristics Toler

    C$ilren

    uner 1*

    ensitie

    "ult

    3eneral

    Po7ulation

    rovisional tolera)le &aily inta!e

    3eneral

    Po7ulation

    0 to 0.5 0.250 0.01 0.0#0 0.0+ 0.1

    0.51 to 1.0 0.#20 0.01# 0.02# 0.05# 0.145

    1.01 to 1.5 0.#90 0.010 0.019 0.04# 0.119

    1.51 to 2.0 0.40 0.009 0.01 0.0#+ 0.101

    2.01 to 2.5 0.5#0 0.00 0.014 0.0#2 0.0

    2.51 to #.0 0.00 0.00+ 0.012 0.02 0.0+

    #.01 to #.5 0.+0 0.00 0.011 0.025 0.09#.51 to 4.0 0.+40 0.005 0.010 0.02# 0.0#

    4.01 to 4.5 0.10 0.005 0.009 0.021 0.05+

    4.51 to 5.0 0.0 0.005 0.00 0.019 0.05#

    %ange in 'ull Trout

     Weig$t (kg)

    stimate Mercury

    Concentration in 'ull

    Trout (mg9kg 88)

    %ecommene Ma;imum Weekly /ntake (kg &is$98eek)

    &or Drie is$

    Toler

    C$ilren

    uner 1*

    ensitie

    "ult

    3eneral

    Po7ulation0 to 0.5 0.5 0.00+ 0.01# 0.0#0 0.02

    0.51 to 1.0 0.+2+ 0.00 0.010 0.02# 0.04

    1.01 to 1.5 0. 0.005 0.00 0.019 0.052

    1.51 to 2.0 1.045 0.004 0.00+ 0.01 0.044

    2.01 to 2.5 1.205 0.00# 0.00 0.014 0.0#9

    2.51 to #.0 1.#4 0.00# 0.005 0.012 0.0#4

    #.01 to #.5 1.52# 0.00# 0.005 0.011 0.0#1

    #.51 to 4.0 1.2 0.002 0.004 0.010 0.02

    4.01 to 4.5 1.41 0.002 0.004 0.009 0.025

    4.51 to 5.0 2.000 0.002 0.004 0.00 0.02#

    %/5 C#"%"CT%/G"T/2!

    grou'= &uring the -ish *a"'s shoul& )e !e't )elow 0 292 !g ishwee! $he RM7(s or resh ull

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    grou'= &uring the -ish *a"'s shoul& )e !e't )elow 0.292 !g ishwee!. $he RM7(s or resh ull

    $rout are lower or those in the sensitive grou's, ranging ro" 0.025 !g ishwee! or to&&lers, 0.04 !g

    ishwee! or chil&ren un&er 12 years o age, an& 0.10 !g ishwee! or wo"en o chil&)earing age or

    those who are 'regnant cess o the RM7(s that are )ase& on the 95th  'ercentile o "ercury

    concentrations

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    , , ' g y

    lower than the average 'ortion siDes that a 'erson "ay consu"e at a single "eal or all rece'tor

    grou's consi&ere& in the assess"ent. $he RM7(s are also lower than the a"ount o ish A)original

    'eo'les are re'orte& to consu"e 'er wee! or all grou's consi&ere& in the assess"ent. $he RM7(sin&icate that less than one servingwee! o the ull $rout shoul& )e consu"e& throughout the year

    in or&er to !ee' "ercury inta!e at a level where a&verse eects shoul& not occur in consu"ers.

    $his is 'articularly true or in&ivi&uals in the sensitive 'o'ulations where the RM7(s are "ar!e&ly

    less than hal o a serving siDe, since the RM7( is less than 2 to 10 gra"s o ull $rout 'er wee!

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    y g 7

    %emainer o& t$e ear

    During is$ Cam7s Toler

    C$ilren

    uner 1*

    ensitie

    "ults

    3eneral

    Po7ulation

    stimate Daily /ntake (mg9kg b89ay)

    ase& on 95F J*LM Mercury *oncentration 0.0221# 0.02004 0.0102 0.00901

    ase& on 95th ercentile Mercury *oncentration 0.0#++ 0.0##29 0.01+5 0.0149

    Proisional Tolerable Daily /ntake (mg9kg b89ay)

    ase& on 95F J*LM Mercury *oncentration 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0004+

    ase& on 95th ercentile Mercury *oncentration 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0004+

    #aAar :uotients (unitless)

    ase& on 95F J*LM Mercury *oncentration 110.B 100.* +?.1 1isting ish consu"'tion a&visory issue& )y the Ministry o 3nviron"ent or La!e $rout

    an& ull $rout

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    Plate '.;3+. Pre3onstruction and ,looding @ B Hydros 9.A.. Bennett Hydroelectric

    2am and the 9illiston Reservoir.

    %/5 C#"%"CT%/G"T/2!

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    Plate '.;3:. %)ample of a non3aboriginal youth that harvests Bull Trout

    3arlier stu&ies oun& that the concentrations o "ercury in ish caught in the 7illiston reservoir

    were elevate& though the 190s an& into 2000 in various 'arts o reservoir

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    *haracteriDation o the ris! to hu"an health &ue to consu"'tion o ull $rout ro" the *roo!e&

    River use& "ulti'le "etho&s o analysis inclu&ing co"'arison to gui&elines, calculation o a RM7(,tra&itional characteriDation o ris! using :Qs, an& Cualitative consi&eration o the e>isting ish

    consu"'tion a&visory or 7illiston Reservoir. All analysis "etho&s suggest use& in this 'reli"inary

    ris! assess"ent suggest that "ercury concentrations "easure& in ull $rout

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    B. 

    /MP2%T"!C 2 /# C2!MPT/2! "!D

    T%"D/T/2!"4 P%"CT/C T2 #"4T#

    A)original 'eo'les are li!ely to avoi& ish that are tra&itionally harveste& when the source

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    *hanges in tra&itional &iets, or instance, "ay result in the loss o culture an& i&entity as the entire

    socioecono"ic syste" is &isru'te&

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    "MPT/2!, !C%T"/!T/, "!D 4/M/T"T/2!

    .1  /# T/ "MP4D 2% 4"'2%"T2% "!"4/ 

    $he tissue sa"'les o ish were collecte& ro" the cau&al 'en&uncle area

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    "'2%/3/!"4 #"4T# %/5 "M!T 2 M%C% /! '44 T%2T #"%VTD %2M T# C%225D %/V%, '%/T/# C24M'/"

    .F  "D>TM!T 2 MT#4M%C% P%2V//2!"4 T24%"'4 D"/4 /!T"5

    '"D 2! C2!MPT/2! P"TT%!

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    '"D 2! C2!MPT/2! P"TT%! 

    Since "ercury concentrations in a")ient air an& water are very low, they are not a signiicante>'osure route or hu"ans 'osures other than those calculate& here ro" the

    consu"'tion o ull $rout are relatively insigniicant, es'ecially i ew retail ish s'ecies are

    consu"e&, such as woul& occur at the -ish *a"'. 7hile it is 'ossi)le that the ris! &ue to

    consu"'tion o ish &uring the -ish *a"'s is un&eresti"ate& 'osures=, it is li!ely that other assu"'tions have co"'ensate& or this 'osure ro" ull $rout.

    Huring the rest o the year, it was assu"e& that 'eo'le "ay have e>'osure to "ercury via other

    oo&s or e>'osure 'athways. $hus, a&usting the $R to )e 20F o the '$H(

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    F. 

    MM"% "!D %C2MM!D"T/2!

    F.1 

    MM"% "!D C2!C4/2!

    $3 o the 7est Mo)erly 'rovi&e& the )asis or the assess"ent o ris! to hu"an health &ue to

    consu"'tion o ull $rout ro" the *roo!e& River syste". Biven the connectivity o the *roo!e&

    River syste" to the 7illiston Reservoir, where a ish a&visory is in 'lace &ue to "ercury, there was

    concern that "ercury concentrations in ish harveste& ro" this river syste" woul& also )e elevate&.

    $hereore, a 'reli"inary Cuantitative ::RA ocuse& on "ercury was &one to &eter"ine what, i

    any, ris! there is to hu"an health &ue to consu"'tion o ull $rout ro" the *roo!e& River syste".$he ::RA ollowe& stan&ar& :ealth *ana&a gui&ance, an& ocuse& on A)original consu"ers,

    inclu&ing consi&eration o tra&itional 'ractices an& consu"'tion 'atterns i"ately + years ol&. $he average ish

    length was 521 ""

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    higher concentrations, such as eects on the i""une syste", car&iovascular syste", or nervous

    syste". $he a"ount o "ethyl"ercury consi&ere& tolera)le or inta!e )y the general 'o'ulation,without causing a&verse eects, is 0.0004+ "g!g )w&ay.

    -urther analysis o the ris! to hu"an health was &one )y calculating a RM7( or ull $rout

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    "'2%/3/!"4 #"4T# %/5 "M!T 2 M%C% /! '44 T%2T #"%VTD %2M T# C%225D %/V%, '%/T/# C24M'/"

    @.  am7le &is$ $areste in accorance 8it$ t$e easonal %oun

    4.1.  *on&uct a&&itional ish sa"'ling throughout the rivers, cree!s, la!es, an& the reservoirs

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    ' g g

    or&er to un&erstan& the geogra'hical e>tent o the occurrence o elevate& "ercury

    concentrations in ish tissues, inclu&ing s'ecies within the tra&itional seasonal roun&s o the-irst 8ations. $his shoul& )e &one every three to ive years in or&er to characteriDe te"'oral

    varia)ility an& tren&s over ti"e. art o this stu&y shoul& inclu&e i&entiication o )arriers to

    ish "ove"ent, which will ai& in &eining the s'atial e>tent o 'otential issues.

    4.2.  *on&uct sa"'ling o various ish s'ecies, 'articularly those that are long live& an& at high

    tro'hic level, to "ore ully characteriDe the ris! &ue to consu"'tion o various s'ecies o

    ish tent

    'ossi)le with ish sa"'les= or )iota isting &ata to the e>tent 'ossi)le to ena)le a 'reli"inary assess"ent o

    what, i any, &evelo'"ents or activities coul& have contri)ute& to "etal loa&ing within the

    t h &

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    watershe&.

    +.#. 

    *on&uct a Cuantitative analysis o the 'otential sources o "etals that "ay aect ecologicalan& hu"an health.

    F.  Deelo7 trategic ollo8=u7 Plans

    .1.  Hevelo' an& i"'le"ent a short/ter" strategic 'lan

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    Heinitions o the acrony"s an& a))reviations use& in this reerence list can )e oun& in theBlossary an& A))reviations section.

    Airey, H. 19#. Mercury in hu"an hair &ue to environ"ent an& &iet6 a review. %nvironmental Health

    Perspectives, 526 #0#/#01.

    ADi"uth *onsulting Brou' (nc. 2011. 6&+& *tatus of Mercury in %nvironmental Media for *ite

    Planning 3 Peace River and 2inosaur Reservoir . re'are& or * :y&ro / Site * -isheries an&

    ACuatics6 ancouver, *.a!er, R. -. 1999. *tatus of fish mercury concentrations in B Hydro reservoirs. re'are& or * :y&ro

    )y 3S 3nviron"ental *onsultants6 8orth ancouver, *.

    * M?3. 2002. 3nviron"ental $ren&s in ritish *olu")ia, 2002.

    * M?3. 2015a. 2015/201+ -reshwater ishing regulations syno'sis.

    * M?3. 2015). Approved 9ater ?uality 0uidelines. resente& at ritish *olu")ia Ministry o

    3nviron"ent,

    ec!var, 8., $. M. Hillon, an& L. . Rea&. 2005. A''roaches or lin!ing whole/)o&y ish tissue

    resi&ues o "ercury or HH$ to )iological eects threshol&s. %nvironmental To)icology and

    hemistry, 24

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    :ill 3&ucation.

    :agen ;, an& Hec!er S. 2011. $he Status o ull $rout in ritish *olu")ia6 A Synthesis o Availa)leHistri)ution, A)un&ance, $ren&, an& $hreat (nor"ation. -isheries $echnical Re'ort 8o.

    -$* 110. rovincial Bovern"ent o ritish *olu")ia, 3cosyste"s rotection an&

    Sustaina)ility ranch, ACuatic *onservation Science Section6 ictoria, ritish *olu")ia.

    :ealth *ana&a. 2004a. anadian Handbook on Health mpact Assessment. Iolume +# The Basics. A Re'ort

    o the -e&eralrovincial$erritorial *o""ittee on 3nviron"ental an& ?ccu'ational

    :ealth6 ?ttawa, ?8.

    :ealth *ana&a. 2004). Mercury @

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    Appendix A. Raw Data from Biological Measurements of Fish from the Crooked River, eptem!er "#$"

    Fish %um!er pecies

    Fro&en 'eight

    (g)

    Fro&en 'eight

    (kg)

    Fro&en *ength

    (mm) +issue ample Aging ample

    1 bull trout 1,249 1.25 505 Y Y

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    2A bull trout 3,254 3.25 600 Y Y2B bull trout 1,180 1.18 490 Y Y

    3 bull trout 1,312 1.31 495 Y Y

    4 bull trout 1,230 1.23 510 Y Y

    5 bull trout 1,996 2.00 535 Y Y

    6 bull trout 2,890 2.89 570 Y Y

    7 bull trout 3,602 3.60 660 Y Y

    8 bull trout 2,973 2.97 645 Y Y

    9 bull trout 1,064 1.06 450 Y Y

    10 bull trout 818 0.82 440 Y Y

    11 bull trout 814 0.81 455 Y Y

    12 bull trout 978 0.98 465 Y Y

    13 bull trout 2,178 2.18 590 Y Y

    14 bull trout 2,275 2.28 610 Y Y

    15 bull trout 2,405 2.41 590 Y Y

    16 bull trout 4,898 4.90 680 Y Y

    17A bull trout 4,835 4.84 780 Y Y

    17B bull trout 4,632 4.63 800 Y Y

    18 bull trout 2,791 2.79 635 Y Y

    19 bull trout 1,037 1.04 545 Y Y

    21 bull trout 589 0.59 390 Y Y

    22 bull trout 816 0.82 450 Y Y

    24 bull trout 1,111 1.11 450 Y Y

    25 bull trout 546 0.55 360 Y Y

    26 bull trout 594 0.59 385 Y Y

    27 northern pike minnow 1,697 1.70 465 Y Y28 northern pike minnow 1,625 1.63 555 Y Y

    29 northern pike minnow 1,567 1.57 525 Y N

    30 bull trout 1,614 1.61 530 Y Y

    31 bull trout 3,258 3.26 650 Y Y

    32 bull trout 2,970 2.97 640 Y Y

    34A bull trout 2,445 2.45 630 Y Y

    34B bull trout 752 0.75 420 Y Y

    34 bull trout 438 0.44 350 Y Y35 bull trout 511 0.51 360 Y Y

    37 bull trout 499 0.50 335 Y Y

    38 bull trout 364 0.36 345 Y Y

    39 bull trout 3,390 3.39 710 Y Y

    Appendix A. Raw Data from Biological Measurements of Fish from the Crooked River, eptem!er "#$"

    Fish %um!er pecies

    Fro&en 'eight

    (g)

    Fro&en 'eight

    (kg)

    Fro&en *ength

    (mm) +issue ample Aging ample

    49 bull trout 589 0.59 410 Y Y

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    50 bull trout 1,152 1.15 475 Y Y51 bull trout 925 0.93 420 Y Y

    52 bull trout 574 0.57 425 Y Y

    53 bull trout 823 0.82 480 Y Y

    54 bull trout 1,342 1.34 495 Y Y

    55 bull trout 1,163 1.16 485 Y Y

    56 bull trout 960 0.96 435 Y Y

    57 bull trout 774 0.77 460 Y Y

    58 bull trout 461 0.46 390 Y Y

    59 bull trout 4,487 4.49 780 Y Y

    60 bull trout 5,024 5.02 780 Y Y

    Notes:

     g = grams, kg = kilograms, Y = yes, N = no

     

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     Appendix B

    Raw Aging Analysis Results for ,ish from the rooked River!*eptember 6&+6

    Appendix B. Raw Aging Analysis Results for Fish from the Crooked River, September !"

    Spe#ies Fish $umber Age %years&

    Confiden#e

    'ndex

    (A)(C Age

    %years&

    bull trout 1 7 F

    b ll 2A 7 F

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    bull trout 2A 7 F

    bull trout 2B 9 F

    bull trout 3 8 F

    bull trout 4 8 F

    bull trout 5 9 F

    bull trout 6 7 F

    bull trout 7 10 F

    bull trout 8 9 F 8

    bull trout 9 5 P

    bull trout 10 8 P

    bull trout 11 7 F

    bull trout 12 5 P

    bull trout 13 12 F

    bull trout 14 4 F

    bull trout 15 7 F

    bull trout 16 16 F

    bull trout 17A 10 F

    bull trout 17B 8 Fbull trout 18 10 F

    bull trout 19 7 F

    bull trout 21 7 F

    bull trout 22 7 P

    bull trout 24 7 F 8

    bull trout 25 7 F

    bull trout 26 7 F

    northern pike 27 26 Pnorthern pike 28 30 P 23

    bull trout 30 8 F 8

    bull trout 31 11 F

    bull trout 32 7 F

    bull trout 34A 7 F

    bull trout 34B 6 P

    bull trout 34C 7 VP

    bull trout 35 8 Fbull trout 37 8 F

    bull trout 38 4 F

    bull trout 39 10 F 10

    bull trout 40 5 F

    Appendix B. Raw Aging Analysis Results for Fish from the Crooked River, September !"

    Spe#ies Fish $umber Age %years&

    Confiden#e

    'ndex

    (A)(C Age

    %years&

    bull trout 50 5 F 6

    bull trout 51 6 F

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    bull trout 51 6 F

    bull trout 52 4 P

    bull trout 53 3 P

    bull trout 54 5 F

    bull trout 55 7 P

    bull trout 56 4 P

    bull trout 57 4 P

    bull trout 58 4 P

    bull trout 59 8 F

    bull trout 60 8 F

    Averae Ae o! Bull "rout 7

    Averae Ae o! #orthern Pike 28

    Notes:

    Confidence Indices are based on qualitative characteristics (pattern clarity) and quantitative characteristics (repeatability)

    F Fair! annuli are fairly clear "ith so#e areas presenting easy and #oderate interpretation proble#s! $eader "ould be "ithin 1 year

    #ost of the ti#e for fish%1& years and 2' years for fish 1& years

    P Poor! annuli are fairly unclear presenting a nu#ber of difficult interpretation proble#s! $eader "ould be "ithin 2' years #ost of the

    ti#e for fish %1* years and +'* years for fish 1* years

    ,P ,ery Poor! annuli are very unclear presenting significant interpretation proble#s! $eader has little confidence in repeatability of age

    "ithin +'* years

     

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     Appendix C

    Raw Tissue Metal Analysis Results for ,ish from the rookedRiver! *eptember 6&+6

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    Appendix C. Raw Tissue Metal Analysis Results for Fish from the Crooked River, September !"

    Fish #umber   57 58 59 60

    $ate Sampled   13-SEP-12 13-SEP-12 13-SEP-12 13-SEP-12

    A%S Sample &$   L1211293-57 L1211293-58 L1211293-59 L1211293-60

    Matrix 'nits   Tissue Tissue Tissue Tissue

    (hysi)al Tests

    Method

    $ete)tion

    %imit

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    (hysi)al Tests% Moisture % 0.10 77.3 78.4 75.3 72.9

    Metals

    Alumium !Al"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 2.0 (2.0 2.2 3.7 (2.0

    Atimo) !S*"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.010 (0.010 (0.010 (0.010 (0.010

    Arsei+ !As"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.010 0.014 0.013 0.064 0.051

    B#rium !B#"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.010 0.038 0.057 0.096 0.068

    Ber)llium !Be"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.10 (0.10 (0.10 (0.10 (0.10

    Bismut, !Bi"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.030 (0.030 (0.030 (0.030 (0.030

    #mium !"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.0050 (0.0050 (0.0050 (0.0050 (0.0050#l+ium !#"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 2.0 219 270 521 245

    ,romium !r"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.10 (0.10 (0.10 (0.10 (0.10

    o*#lt !o"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.020 (0.020 (0.020 (0.020 (0.020

    o//er !u"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.010 0.938 0.450 0.759 1.17

    Le# !P*"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.020 (0.020 0.190 (0.020 (0.020

    Lit,ium !Li"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.10 (0.10 (0.10 (0.10 (0.10

    M#$esium !M$"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 1.0 185 177 164 154

    M#$#ese !M"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.010 0.135 0.145 0.218 0.148

    Mer+ur) !$"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.0010 0.229 0.159 0.769 0.610

    Mol)*eum !Mo"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.010 (0.010 (0.010 (0.010 (0.010

    i+&el !i"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.10 (0.10 (0.10 (0.10 (0.10

    Seleium !Se"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.20 0.34 0.32 0.77 0.75

    Strotium !Sr"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.010 0.125 0.172 0.264 0.149

    T,#llium !Tl"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.010 (0.010 (0.010 (0.010 (0.010

    Ti !S"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.050 (0.050 (0.050 0.056 (0.050

    r#ium !"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.0020 (0.0020 (0.0020 (0.0020 (0.0020

    ##ium !"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.10 (0.10 (0.10 (0.10 (0.10

    i+ !"-Tot#l m$&$ ''t 0.10 5.82 5.43 14.4 7.18

    Notes:

    mg/kg ww = milligrams per kilogram wet weight

    Sample L1211293-9 and L1211293-61 were labelled as 8 and 8! b" LS #n$ironmental at the time o% sample s&bmission' (he Sample )e*eipt +on%irmation %rom LS #n$ironmental indi*ates that two

    samples were labelled as ,8, and no samples were labelled as ,12,' Sample 1211293-9 was ass&med to be %rom .ish 12 and sample 121293-61 was ass&med to be %rom .ish 8 based on %ish si0es and

    mer*&r" *ontent'

    age 8 o% 8