Abnormal skin colorations: Cyanosis Pallor Jaundice Albinism Erythema
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Transcript of Abnormal skin colorations: Cyanosis Pallor Jaundice Albinism Erythema
Abnormal skin colorations:
•Cyanosis
•Pallor
•Jaundice
•Albinism
•Erythema
Cyan = blue
Pallo = sway
Albi = white
Eryth = red
What about abnormal skin colorations?
How do you explain Deed’s foot?What would cause that color?
Is the lack of sensation a symptom you would attribute to that color? Why or why not?
What parts of the scene are “fakey”?
What is the reality?Developing gangrene risks:Chronic lack of sufficient blood flow!Conditions causing this:Diabetes AtherosclerosisThrombosis - a clot in a blood vessel, also related to atherosclerosis Extreme cold injury (frostbite).
http://www.reversegangrene.com/A.htm
Burns are ranked based on the severity and the depth of tissue destruction.1st degree:Epithelium damaged ~red & painful, NO blisters
2nd degree:Epithelium & some dermis damaged ~red, white or tan, very painful, BLISTERS present 3rd degree (full thickness)
All layers damaged ~black, NO pain, NO blisters
Why are burns some of the most painful injuries?
Eschar
http://www.jsonline.com/911/images/1b.jpg
http://surgclerk.med.utoronto.ca/Burn/images/Burn3c.jpg
Have you ever wondered how they measure % of body burned?
They use the rule of 9s.
9
+9 = 189
18 + 18 = 36
18 +18 = 36
1
= 100%
How do you determine the extent of a burn?
Blood clot forms (we’ll discuss later)
Variety of new cells migrate to damaged area
Fibroblast divide rapidly and capillaries invade tissue
Fibrin replaced with other fibers
How do skin wounds heal?
1 2
3 4
As skin ages it loses:ElasticityThicknessMelanocytes (snowbird)Sebaceous gland activitySweat gland activityCapillary density
How does age affect your integumentary system?
What is the effect of each of these losses?
How about cumulative effects?
Types are identified based on the type of cells that mutate:Basal cell carcinomaLeast dangerous, start as “shiny” bump, center becomes concave and ulcerus Squamous cell carcinoma
Melanoma
Raised, red, “scaly” & ulcerus, can metastasize
Dark, flat, irregular, most deadly
Is all skin cancer equally dangerous?