ABlueprint for Action - University of TorontoCanada’sUrban Strategy ABlueprint for Action FINAL...

Canada’s UrbanStrategy

A Blueprint forAction

FINAL REPORTPrime Minister’s Caucus Task Force on Urban Issues

Chair: Judy Sgro, MP

November 2002

November 19, 2002

The Right Honourable Jean ChrétienPrime Minister of CanadaHouse of CommonsOttawa, Ontario K1A 0A6

Dear Prime Minister:

The members of the Prime Minister’s Caucus Task Force on Urban Issues are pleasedto present the conclusion of our deliberations on the future of Canada’s urbanregions. Our final report sets the stage for implementing the recommendations forCanada’s Urban Strategy.

We are delighted that the 2002 Speech from the Throne included many of our recom-mendations from the Interim Report of May 2002. We believe this final report offers aninnovative blueprint for sustainable urban regions in every part of Canada.

The Task Force is proud to be part of the continuing debate on Canada’s urbanregions. Although this final report concludes our mandate, it is by no means the endof the pursuit for a national agenda on urban issues. Let us have the courage and thevision to take the next steps on our journey. This is an exciting opportunity for allgovernments and all citizens to shape the future direction of Canada.

Thank you for recognizing the importance of the urban regions to Canada’s futureprosperity. We trust the ideas and recommendations presented in this final report willinspire and guide our political leaders to work together to ensure the ‘Canada WeWant’ is a reality for the 21st century.

Sincerely,

Judy Sgro, Chair

ii CANADA’S URBAN STRATEGY: A BLUEPRINT FOR ACTION

Prime Minister’s Caucus

Judy Sgro, M.P. York West /Ouest

Chair

The Honourable Tommy Banks

Senator (Alberta)Vice Chair

Dr. Bernard Patry, M.P.Pierrefonds-Dollard

Vice Chair

Reg Alcock, M.P. Winnipeg South/Sud

Carole-Marie Allard, M.P.Laval Est /East

Mauril Bélanger, M.P.Ottawa-Vanier

TASK FORCE iii

Task Force on Urban Issues

The HonourableThelma ChalifouxSenator (Alberta)

Geoff Regan, M.P. Halifax West /Ouest

Andy Savoy, M.P.Tobique-Mactaquac

Hélène Scherrer, M.P.Louis Hébert

Alan Tonks, M.P. York South-Weston/

York Sud-Weston

Bryon Wilfert, M.P.Oak Ridges

iv CANADA’S URBAN STRATEGY: A BLUEPRINT FOR ACTION

The Prime Minister’s Caucus TaskForce on Urban Issues receivedits mandate in May 2001 and

immediately began consulting withCanadians to find ways in which “theGovernment of Canada can work morecollaboratively, within our federaljurisdiction, to strengthen the quality oflife in our large urban centres”. [PressRelease, May 2001] In May 2002,The Task Force released its InterimReport, Canada’s Urban Strategy:A Vision for the 21st Century. ThisFinal Report concludes our mandate.It marks a new phase in the debate onthe future of Canada’s urban regions.

Our objective was to recommendways in which the Government ofCanada can work more effectivelywithin our jurisdiction to enhance therelationship with our urban partners.It was not within our mandate norwithin our means to determine a fiscalaccounting of the recommendationscontained in either report. Others willdecide the financial implications ofour recommendations.

The response to the Interim Reporthas been overwhelmingly favourableand positive. We received widespreadsupport from both public and privatesectors in response to the direction ofour recommendations. The Federationof Canadian Municipalities called it “acompelling analysis of the urbancondition and of the role of municipal

governments in the Canadian federa-tion”. [FCM letter to Task Forcemembers, August 2002]

There is extraordinary public inter-est in our Interim Report. Since May2, 2002, our web site has had 12000visits and more than 5300 copies ofthe report have been downloaded. Wehave also received written submis-sions and requests for informationfrom all sectors and all regions.

The Government of Canadaresponded to the debate on urbanissues on several levels. Within thePrivy Council Office, an internal TaskForce on Urban Communities wasestablished to develop a profile of thefederal presence in urban centres,research into best practices and toexplore ways of integrating federalprograms. Every federal department ispreparing a Sustainable DevelopmentStrategy and Environment Canadahas created a “sustainable develop-ment lens”. As well, Industry Canadacreated a Sustainable Cities Initiativeto advance this agenda in Johan-nesburg and beyond. A SustainableDevelopment Coordinating Committeewas established comprising DeputyMinisters from departments that areresponsible for programs related tosustainable development.

Provincial and municipal govern-ment initiatives, such as ‘SmartGrowth’, support the concept that

Today’s Vision for Tomorrow’s Reality

TODAY’S VISION FOR TOMORROW’S REALITY v

Canada’s urban regions are part of abroader system that integrates manycomponents.

During the second phase of ourmandate, members of the Task Forcecontinued to visit major urbancentres, to meet with provincial minis-ters, civic officials, urban experts, andbusiness and community leaders.

The Government of Canada listenedand acted on the Interim Report. Weare pleased the 2002 Speech from theThrone recognized that “healthycommunities and competitive cities arevital to our individual and nationalwell-being”. The Throne Speech alsoincluded many of our central recom-mendations including the developmentof a national urban strategy. This is aclear signal that the Government ofCanada is committed to this impor-tant and essential agenda.

Since the Task Force was created inMay 2001, there has been tremendousnational interest in urban issues. It isone of the ‘hottest’ topics amongfederal, provincial and municipalgovernments. Media, economists,social scientists, and business leadersall talk about the growing importanceof urban regions to Canada’seconomic prosperity and the subse-quent socio-economic and environ-mental effects.

Several important non-governmentorganizations such as the ConferenceBoard of Canada, Federation ofCanadian Municipalities, CanadianPolicy Research Networks, CanadaWest Foundation, Organisation forEconomic Co-operation andDevelopment, and the NationalRoundtable on the Environment andthe Economy, held conferences,

summits, and symposiums. Membersof the Task Force are regularly invitedto attend as participants and guestspeakers.

Much has been written about thestate of Canada’s cities and the effectsof urbanization on the lives ofCanadians. According to theConference Board of Canada, “citiesare at the centre of our new economy,the cradle of innovation, and the venuefor wealth creation” [Anne Goldenpresentation, “Cities andGlobalization: Communities in aChanging World”, 71st AnnualCouchiching Conference: August2002]. Clearly, there is wide recogni-tion that urban regions have becomemore relevant and more importantwithin the Canadian federation.

At the same time, municipalgovernments face enormous chal-lenges. There is pressure on allgovernments to meet their obligations.Canada West Foundation refers to“cities at the crossroads” [Canada WestFoundation, Discussion Paper August2002]. We agree with the assessmentthat if we do not act now, the oppor-tunity for change will be lost. Theoptions for action being debated rangefrom restructuring the constitution toprovide more autonomy for cities todeveloping new means and new fiscaltools to serve municipalities.

At the core of the debate is the rela-tionship between and among federal,provincial and municipal governmentsand how to develop opportunities tostrengthen these partnerships. Thesignificant presence of the Governmentof Canada in urban regions is a majorfactor in this equation and key to itssuccess. The Organisation for

vi CANADA’S URBAN STRATEGY: A BLUEPRINT FOR ACTION

Economic Co-operation andDevelopment endorses this concept:“Currently, there is a new rationale formore federal involvement, not to repro-duce centralised management butthrough negotiated planning withformal institutional mechanismsconcerning area-based partnershipsbetween three levels of government”[OECD: Territorial Review of Canada,2002]. Canada’s Urban Strategy isthe Task Force’s response to thischallenge.

The shift from a rural-based econ-omy to an urbanized population thathas seen urban centres emerge as themain engines of the nation’s economywith social and environmental conse-quences, has led to one of the mostimportant debates of the century forCanada and enormous challenges forrural Canada.

Canada is now one of the world’smost urban nations. Four out of fiveCanadians currently live in largeurban centres and there is every indi-cation that this trend will continue.There is widespread agreement that itis time for a new approach.

We cannot ignore the major chal-lenges facing our country; an agingpopulation, urbanization, growingcultural diversity and a wideningincome gap. The 2002 Speech fromthe Throne proposed “new partner-ships, a new urban strategy, a newapproach” to ensure competitive citiesand healthy communities. This willinspire us to invest in those areas of

economic growth and social capitalthat will ensure a successful andprosperous Canada.

In this report, we present a blue-print for action that will providemechanisms for the Government ofCanada to implement Canada’sUrban Strategy. This blueprint willshape the future direction of ourrelationship with our key urbanpartners and with provincial andmunicipal governments. It refines therecommendations from the InterimReport on transit/transportation,housing and infrastructure and offersnew tools to ensure sustainability inthese areas.

A new approach means reviewingand reorienting existing partnershipswhile building new ones, at the sametime respecting our federal jurisdic-tion and obligations. The Task Forcerecommends a Cabinet Minister beassigned the responsibility to developCanada’s Urban Strategy andimplement an action plan to ensurethe voices of urban regions are heard.Otherwise, our efforts will, at best, befragmented and our results will beincremental.

This blueprint will assist politicalleaders in making the right choices torealize Canada’s potential. It is builton the strength of all its regions andits citizens and can serve as the foun-dation for the ‘Canada We Want’ thatwill make our children, grandchildren,and their descendants proud.

The full report is available on The Prime Minister’s Caucus Task Force on UrbanIssues Web site: www.liberal.parl.gc.ca/urb.

1 A Vision of Urban Sustainability: 2020 . . . . . .1Economic CompetitivenessSocial HarmonyA Sustainable EnvironmentUrban RevitalizationEducation and Skills

2 Canada’s Urban Strategy: A Blueprint for Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

KEY ELEMENTS OF CANADA’S URBAN STRATEGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6Coordination and IntegrationCollaboration and ConsultationFederal Objectives of Canada’s Urban StrategyBest Practices and Research

3 Implementing Canada’s Urban Strategy . . . .8

4 Three Priority Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

A NATIONAL AFFORDABLE HOUSING PROGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

A NATIONAL TRANSIT/TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

A NATIONAL SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . .17

5 Moving Forward to 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

6 Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS – PHASE II

RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE INTERIM REPORT

PRIME MINISTER’S PRESS RELEASE MAY 2001

A VISION OF URBAN SUSTAINABILITY: 2020 1

The Task Force believes that by2020, Canada’s status as aworld leader should be based on

integrating and balancing economiccompetitiveness, social harmony, asustainable environment, and a highquality of life for all Canadians.

We want well-managed, healthycommunities infused with culturaldiversity, equal access, sustainableenvironments, and innovation. Urbanregions should be a blend of distinctcommunities – centres within centres,villages within cities – with uniqueeconomic, social and cultural charac-teristics. They will become the focalpoints of interaction and enterprisewithin the larger regions, all with theirown purpose, flavour, and communitypride.

By 2020, it is estimated thatCanada’s population will be approxi-mately 36 million, with 85-90% of ourpopulation and the vast majority ofjobs located in the major urbancentres. Most of the population will beliving in the 25 largest urban regions,with 6 of these regions home to morethan half of Canada’s citizens.

Statistics Canada’s projections forpopulation growth in the eight largestCensus Metropolitan Areas (CMA’S)are based on continuing trends infertility, mortality and migration: ■ Vancouver CMA is projected to grow

from 2 million to 3 million; ■ Toronto CMA is expected to grow to

6.6 million;■ Montreal CMA to 3.8 million; ■ Calgary CMA to 1.2 million;

■ Edmonton CMA to 1.1 million;■ Halifax CMA to almost half a

million;■ Winnipeg CMA to over 700,000; and ■ Ottawa-Gatineau CMA is projected

to grow to 1.3 million. [Statistics Canada, Special Projections]

Economic Competitiveness

It is now more important than ever forthe Government of Canada to provideopportunities to balance social andeconomic growth. Urban regions arethe most powerful economic enginesof the country:■ Halifax accounts for 47% of Nova

Scotia's GDP; ■ Montreal’s Urban Community

accounts for 49% of Quebec’s GDP;■ Greater Toronto Area and Ottawa

region combined account for morethan half of Ontario's GDP;

■ Winnipeg accounts for 67% ofManitoba’s GDP;

■ Calgary and Edmonton togetheraccount for 64% of Alberta’s GDP;and

■ Vancouver accounts for 53% ofBritish Columbia's GDP.

[‘Metropolitan Outlook’. ConferenceBoard of Canada, Spring 2001]

Urban regions should possess clus-ters of economic activity in a range ofdifferent areas; such as, financialservices, new media, businessservices, manufacturing, transporta-tion, biomedical and biotechnology.Our universities and colleges shouldplay a vital role in training skilledemployees, undertaking applied and

A Vision of Urban Sustainability: 2020

2 CANADA’S URBAN STRATEGY: A BLUEPRINT FOR ACTION

basic research, and commercializingour research potential.

Canadians want to have more andbetter transportation options. Fast railnetworks should be part of an inter-modal transportation network to carrypeople and goods more efficiently andquickly to their destinations as well asinter-regional links to the majorcentres. This is the key to economicprosperity.

Social Harmony

Canadians are justifiably proud oftheir social safety net which reflectsthe values and principles that are atthe very heart of our society. Thesesupports should continue for all fami-lies so that by 2020 we should see adramatic reduction in child poverty inCanada, as well as improvements inthe quality of life for seniors livingbelow the poverty line, the sociallydisadvantaged and marginalizedmembers of society.

Canada’s urban regions are safeplaces to live, crime rates are lowcompared to cities in the US andEurope, and measures are in place tosecure our borders. Personal safety isimportant to Canadians and we wantto continue to make our communitiessafe, protect our citizens and coordi-nate with all orders of government tostrengthen our community policingand national security forces.

The majority of the increase inCanada’s population will be fuelled byimmigration with the vast majority ofimmigrants settling in the majorurban centres. [Statistics Canada:Annual Demographic Statistics,Catalogue No. 91-213] It is critical thatgovernments be prepared to

strengthen and support the culturaldiversity of Canadian urban society.

The Government of Canada will“work with interested provinces toexpand on existing pilot programs” andwill “close the gap in life chancesbetween Aboriginals and non-Aboriginals” [2002 Throne Speech].Our urban vision of 2020 should seethe scope of the Urban AboriginalStrategy extended to all urbanregions. By 2020; “we hope to seemore Aboriginal professionals, moreAboriginal women in both professionaland political fields”. [Hon. ThelmaChalifoux, Senator (Alberta), Memberof the Prime Minister’s CaucusTask Force]

Canada will have a large and signif-icant senior population, estimated byStatistics Canada to rise to 6.7 millionby 2021. Our urban regions should beprepared to meet the increaseddemands for health care, home care,housing and social services for thisgrowing sector of society. [StatisticsCanada: Population Projections]

The arts and sciences shouldflourish side by side to create anenvironment that is smart, vibrantand attractive.

It is clear that investments inpeople and social infrastructure by allorders of government in harmony withcivil society should identify Canada asa nation of healthy, well-educated andproductive citizens.

A Sustainable Environment

Canada has the capacity to be a worldleader in new infrastructure design;that is, office buildings, transitsystems, water and sewage treatmentplants, that meet reduced targets of

A VISION OF URBAN SUSTAINABILITY: 2020 3

green house gas emissions, and whichare environmentally ‘clean’ in accor-dance with international agreementssuch as the Kyoto Protocol. We havethe expertise and the resources toplace Canada in the forefront of tech-nology and innovation.

Canadians want to see green spaceswithin urban regions protected foreveryone’s benefit, as well as wood-lands and watersheds on the outskirtsof our cities.

By 2020, the benefits of a NationalRenewable Fuels Strategy shouldshow a significant decrease in the useof non-renewable energy sources.There should be a shift from gasoline-powered to more efficient, less pollut-ing vehicles using bio-fuels such asethanol and bio-diesel that will reducethe level of CO2 emissions. Hydrogenfuel cells and wind power are alterna-tive sources of energy that deservefurther research and investment. Weshould see more use of solar heatingfor homes and district energy systemsshould be utilised to heat and coollarge buildings.

The rural areas and northernregions of Canada are an integral partof Canada’s economic prosperity andsuccess as a nation. The importanceof rural Canada within the urbancontext is as principal food and energysupplier. We are fortunate to enjoyone of the lowest costs for food in thewestern world. By 2020, the ruralregions should have developed theirfull potential as sustainable ruraleconomies based on the primaryindustries of agriculture, fisheries,forestry, mining and energy. Canadashould be a world leader in researchand innovation in these key resource-

based areas if we invest now. By 2020, initiatives taken by all

orders of government should reducethe noxious emissions and ‘smogdays’, which account for 2,500 prema-ture deaths per year in Ontario alone.[Illness Cost of Air Pollution Model,developed by the Ontario MedicalAssociation, June 2000]

Urban Revitalization

In twenty years, there should be acloser connection between wherepeople live and where they work.Older, established neighbourhoodscould offer opportunities for newhousing and innovative developmentsuch as the remediation and redevel-opment of “brownfields” (contaminatedsites). These sites have enormouspotential and we should be exploringways to utilise them.

By 2020, there should be in place afull description of all publicly ownedlands and buildings, federal, provin-cial and municipal. The inventoryshould include current use, as well ascurrent committed uses. These landsand buildings should be examined foropportunities and potential for urbandevelopment under leasing arrange-ments. Granville Island in Vancouveris a good example of an effective andsuccessful use of publicly ownedurban space. This concept has thepotential to create a new and vibrantcommunity within an urban core.

It will become even more importantto preserve heritage buildings andhistoric sites in the context of sustain-able development. Otherwise, wholechapters of our shared history will belost forever.


Education and Skills

In 2020, the urban economy will bedriven by knowledge-based industriescharacterized by state-of-the-arturban communications technology.

By 2020, skills, training and knowl-edge will be even more crucial.Currently, 40% of Canadian adultsare functionally illiterate and onlythrough Investment in life-long learn-ing will we meet the demands requiredby industry and commerce. [“Canada2010: Challenges and Choices at Homeand Abroad”, Conference Board ofCanada, October 2002]

Canada should have the capacity todevelop, attract, and retain highlyskilled workers and to become a worldleader in research, development andinnovation. We must ensure that everyCanadian has the opportunity for theeducation, skills, and training toparticipate fully in the knowledge-based economy.

Findings suggest that cities andregions have much to gain frommaking centres attractive to knowl-edge–based workers who prefer placeswith a readily accessible range ofrecreational and cultural activities.[“Competing in the Age of Talent:Quality of Place and the NewEconomy”, Richard Florida, January 2000]

Canada could be at the forefront ofinformation technology thatresearches worldwide best practicesand finds innovative solutions.

The Government of Canada mustmake some firm decisions, take boldinitiatives and follow a course ofaction that will lead us to attain thesegoals for sophisticated and successfulsustainable communities by 2020.

Nation-building involves govern-ments and people working together tosecure our future and for our childrenand grandchildren to follow. We havea collective responsibility to ensure allcitizens have equal opportunities andequal access. How we see ourselves isreflected in our changing values andattitudes. Our vision of Canada in2020 is based on a united country,where freedom, quality of life, a strongeconomy and Canada’s place in theworld is the measure of our success.Continuing our commitment toprudent fiscal management and sensi-ble investments, sound socialprograms, a good health care systemand careful attention to environmentaland cultural programs, the Canada of2020 will have a secure foundationand we can look forward to a brightfuture for all Canadians.

“A great city is one that

buzzes with energy, one

that is full of innovative

people doing big things.

The city is diverse – in

class, income, and colour –

and fights to maintain that

diversity. It has rich, living

culture – in all meanings

of that word.”[“Building Up”, Vision for a

Great Canadian City, forthcoming Cities Report

Canada 25]

CANADA’S URBAN STRATEGY: A BLUEPRINT FOR ACTION 5

The 2002 Speech from the Thronerecognizes that “Competitivecities and healthy communities

are vital to our individual and nationalwell-being. They require new partner-ships, a new urban strategy, a newapproach to healthy communities forthe 21st century”.

An enhanced relationship betweenthe Government of Canada andamong our urban partners, provincialand municipal governments, theprivate sector, community and busi-ness leaders and the voluntary sector,will guide strategic federal capital-investment in our cities and willimprove the quality of life for millionsof Canadians living in our urbanregions.

This innovative relationship willform the foundation for a newapproach. This is the basis ofCanada’s Urban Strategy. How wemove forward on these issues willultimately be shaped by partnershipsthat share a vision of what is impor-tant for our nation and its citizens.

The key to successful urban regionsis economic sustainability combinedwith social cohesion. The challenge forpolitical leaders is how to make everyCanadian region as economically

sustainable as possible with the high-est possible quality of life. The choicesmade today will affect the futuresuccess and vibrancy of our urbancentres and it is critical that flexibleinstitutions develop the strategies thataddress the differences in regions.

Implementation of Canada’s UrbanStrategy will establish a basis foreconomic sustainability for all regionsof Canada. In this report, we suggestways in which the Government ofCanada can act both as catalyst andfacilitator while working withprovinces, municipalities, communityleaders and private sector partners.The Strategy ensures that policies andregulations are assessed for efficiencyand effectiveness. Investments need tobe strategic in nature, targeted inareas where they will be the mosteffective.

These recommendations are notmeant to be definitive or exclusive butrather possible ways in which theGovernment of Canada can workwithin our jurisdiction to develop anew relationship with all partners,both in urban and rural regions. Byworking together, we can build ourfuture prosperity and a strong countryfor our children and grandchildren.

“Federal, provincial and

municipal governments

should pursue enhanced

tri-partite agreements. Tri-

partite agreements offer a

mechanism for the federal,

provincial and municipal

governments to combine

their resources and

expertise to build cohesive

policies and programs that

will benefit cities”. [“Cities at the Crossroads”,

Addressing IntergovernmentalStructures for WesternCanada, Canada West

Foundation, August 2002]

Canada’s Urban Strategy: A Blueprint for Action


Coordination and Integration

We live in an era of policy interdepen-dence where actions of one order ofgovernment have an effect on othergovernments. This is particularly truefor large urban centres where federal,provincial, and municipal policies andprograms all affect urban life.

During our consultations, the TaskForce frequently heard that federallegislation and policies across a broadrange of areas linked to immigration,employment, health care, crimeprevention, infrastructure,transit/transportation, and the envi-ronment, all have a profound impacton the quality of life of urbanCanadians. This is also true of someinternational agreements.

Our Interim Report emphasized theGovernment of Canada’s significantpresence in the urban regions throughits programs, policies and as anemployer, land and property ownerand manager. In fiscal year 2000-2001, the Government of Canadainvested more than $55 billion indirect and indirect services andprograms.

Coordination and cohesive strategicdecision-making is currently lackingto ensure those funds are spent inareas and on projects that ensuremaximum social, economic and envi-ronmental benefits. We must ensurethat Canadians receive the highestlevel of value from tax dollars. Toachieve this, the Government ofCanada should coordinate and inte-grate those federal programs andactivities that are of key importancefor urban regions. This can be

achieved on many levels and in differ-ent sectors. Canada’s Urban Strategyincludes mechanisms designed tomeet this objective.

Environment Canada implementeda model of integration through theEcosystems Initiative in the manage-ment of the Great Lakes area, theSaint Lawrence River and the GeorgiaRiver basin. This allows coordinationof all orders of government, stakehold-ers and local communities to managea complex system. This approachcould be adapted to urban regions inareas of common interest such as theKyoto Protocol.

Collaboration & Consultation

Canadians also recognize that thereare opportunities for cooperationamong stakeholders at all levels.Strong urban partnerships and tripar-tite agreements should be developedbetween and among all orders ofgovernment as well as with the privatesector. Provincial and municipal lead-ers need to be involved in decisionsthat affect them, particularly in thoseareas of policy that have an impact onbudgets.

Urban projects and programsshould be designed to meet federalobjectives, on the basis of plans andtargets developed in partnership withprovinces and municipalities.

Federal Objectives of an UrbanStrategy

The Task Force believes that forCanada’s Urban Strategy to succeed,programs and projects should adhereto established federal objectives that

KEY ELEMENTS OF CANADA’S URBAN STRATEGY

KEY ELEMENTS OF CANADA’S URBAN STRATEGY 7

will advance urban revitalization.Projects and programs should demon-strate they have the capacity to:■ Conform with Government of

Canada standards in fiscalaccountability;

■ Enhance and improve the quality oflife for all Canadians;

■ Meet our social obligations inhealth care, housing, employmentand pensions;

■ Contribute to sustainable develop-ment in transit/transportation,infrastructure, and housing;

■ Enhance Canada’s image as a worldleader in sustainable urban devel-opment and technology;

■ Increase urban regions’ ability toattract and retain talent;

■ Adhere to environmental and landuse standards; and

■ Assist Canada to comply with inter-national agreements.

Best Practices & Research

The Government of Canada shouldfoster research on national and inter-national best practices and provideintelligence on trends and conditionsin our urban regions. The Task Forcesuggests this could be synchronizedby an Institute of Urban Research orwithin a network of research chairs atCanadian universities and could becoordinated by the Government ofCanada.

The centre(s) would collect, coordi-nate and distribute research fromCanada and around the world onissues related to urban developmentthat could include: ■ Conditions and current trends in

urban regions;■ Promoting Canadian successes and

innovative programs abroad;■ Comparing the competitive position

of urban regions within the globalmarket;

■ Sharing international practices andexperiences related to urban devel-opment; and

■ The provision of urban data to keystakeholders developing urban poli-cies and programs.In addition, the Government of

Canada should develop a communica-tions plan to make its urban policiesaccessible and available. This infor-mation will help guide national deci-sion-making and encourage commentsand suggestions from Canadians.


For Canada’s Urban Strategy tobe effective, the Task Forcerecommends a designated

Minister be given the responsibility tocoordinate the Government ofCanada’s efforts in urban regions andto provide a “voice” for the urbanregions in Cabinet. The mechanismswe recommend to implementCanada’s Urban Strategy stressstrong political leadership from theGovernment of Canada and require anunderstanding that enhanced rela-tionships will promote cooperation,better decision–making and moreeffective consultation.

The responsibilities of the desig-nated Minister could include thefollowing initiatives:■ Collaborate with all orders of

government and urban partners toensure key programs and policiesare effective, efficient and strategicand reach those urban areas wherethey will have the most benefit;

■ Act as a catalyst to promote growthand development in economic,social, environmental,transit/transportation and culturalmatters;

■ Promote and synthesize researchand intelligence-gathering on “bestpractices” in urban regions/cities –nationally and internationally- withgovernment departments that havean impact in urban regions;

■ Liaise with departments within acoordinated framework to ensure

that urban concerns and prioritiesare considered through an “UrbanLens”;

■ Consult with the Secretary of State(Rural Development) and the RuralSecretariat on urban issues thatmay have an impact on ruralCanada;

■ Establish an external Advisory Bodyto advise the Minister on urbanpolicies, comprising academics,urban experts from NGO’s andnational organizations, such as:Federation of CanadianMunicipalities, National Roundtableon the Environment and theEconomy, Boards of Trade,Conference Board of Canada,Canadian Urban TransitAssociation, Canadian UrbanInstitute, The TransportationAssociation of Canada, CanadianPolicy Research Networks, and theCanada West Foundation;

■ Chair a National Urban Summitwith provincial First Ministersresponsible for Urban Affairs, andkey urban partners and facilitateother urban conferences; and

■ Assist in developing the criteria forthe three national programs, hous-ing, transit, and infrastructure, incooperation with the Ministersresponsible ensuring that the prior-ities and approaches of key urbancentres are taken into account inthe design of these programs.

Implementing Canada’s Urban Strategy

IMPLEMENTING CANADA’S URBAN STRATEGY 9

Canada’s Urban Strategy will provideopportunities to:■ Increase the visibility and credibility

of the Government of Canada onurban issues and in urban regions;

■ Build on the current federal pres-ence and investments in urbanregions and ensure those invest-ments are prudent and effective;

■ Explore fiscal avenues with urbanregions;

■ Provide an access point for urbanregions; and

■ Meet federal targets in the threenational programs; infrastructure,housing and transit.

Implementing Canada’s UrbanStrategy: the Role ofParliamentarians

Urban problems and challengesrequire locally-made solutions.Canada’s Urban Strategy is thefederal government’s approach tocollaborate with all urban partners toseek solutions.

Members of Parliament are part ofthat action. Given their uniqueperspective and knowledge of theirown Ridings, as well as the depth ofexperience in urban issues among ourCaucus, it is imperative MP’s beconsulted and included as part of thedecision-making process that affectstheir constituents. They should beinvited to attend conferences withfederal, provincial and municipalleaders.

These suggested mechanisms forimplementing Canada’s UrbanStrategy are the key components forbold, political leadership that is neces-sary for a relationship with our part-ners to ensure urban regions have theeconomic and social foundation forthe 21st Century.

“Good government is one

of the founding principles

of our constitution. Each

nation, each region and

each community has a

mission to balance the

values of its local

stakeholders and deliver

the best services to ensure

the best quality of life. The

job of finding the perfect

balance, that’s Greatgovernment.”

[Rienk de Vries, ManagingDirector, EMA Canada,

Centre for Municipal Value,Toronto, 2002]


The Interim Report of the TaskForce on Urban Issues proposedthree priority programs as the

major pillars of Canada’s UrbanStrategy. These three nationalprograms will form the foundation forurban revitalization and provide thebasis for sustainable long-term fund-ing for major projects:

■ Affordable Housing

■ Transit/Transportation

■ Sustainable Infrastructure

It is clear, there needs to be a newfiscal arrangement for municipalitiesto ensure sustainability is a maincomponent in any type of funding formulti-year planning.

Investing in the three pillars ofCanada’s Urban Strategy; housing,transit and infrastructure, will reducepressures on municipalities for theselarge capital expenditures.

The Government of Canada’sapproach will not be to micro-manageindividual projects, but to set direc-tions and objectives and provide theresources to achieve them. Spendingon projects and programs should onlybe in accordance with regional plansand targets developed by, and in part-nership with, provinces and munici-palities, and designed to meet federalobjectives. Such plans shouldconsider regional situations andinclude clear performance measuresand criteria for evaluation.

“When our urban centres

are doing well, all

governments benefit from

the increased revenues and

fiscal flexibility to pursue

public policy priorities”. [Toronto Board of Trade,

pre-budget submission to thefederal government,

November 2001]

Three Priority Programs

THREE PRIORITY PROGRAMS 11

The Task Force is pleased that in the2002 Throne Speech, the Governmentof Canada recognized the need formore investment in affordable hous-ing; “it will extend its investments inaffordable housing for those whoseneeds are greatest, particularly inthose Canadian cities where theproblem is most acute”.

This commitment will assist thosecommunities with serious housingproblems.

Our Interim Report highlightedhousing needs in urban regions anddescribed the lack of affordable hous-ing and homelessness as one of thesocial and economic effects of growthin Canada’s major centres.

During our consultations, welearned of many examples of success-ful and innovative projects built withboth private and public partnerships.We heard from regions where thehousing shortage is critical and willonly get worse without a large infusionof capital and creative thinking on thepart of all orders of government.

With a low national vacancy rate,the country’s largest urban centresare losing affordable rental units at analarming rate. Canada Mortgage andHousing Corporation’s annual rentalmarket survey shows rents alsoincreasing, creating less available andaffordable low-cost rental housing inthe larger urban areas. This situation

particularly affects the working poorand low-to-middle income earners.Every day, hundreds more familiesface eviction and homelessness.[CMHC, Annual Rental Survey,November 2001]

All thriving urban regions needsufficient affordable housing for alllevels of income including the workingpoor. We must ensure sufficient urbanhousing for immigrants coming to ourcities and for large numbers of peoplewho make our urban regions thedynamic places they are now and willbe in the future.

During its consultations, the TaskForce heard from many provinces thathave not had significant constructionof new rental housing for over twodecades as a result of discouragingtax rules instituted in the early1970's. As well, CMHC withdrew frombuilding social housing. It was alsosuggested that rent control regimesand inequitable taxation by provincialand municipal governments exacer-bated this situation. We recognize thatall governments must work together toresolve a serious shortage of afford-able housing in our major urbancentres. No single government canresolve this situation alone.

The private sector should also bepart of the solution. In the report ofthe Rental Working Group for the Cityof Toronto, urban developers and

A NATIONAL AFFORDABLE HOUSING PROGRAM

Recommendation from the Interim Report

Establish a National Affordable Housing program that will strengthen the mandate of CanadaMortgage and Housing Corporation to develop a National Affordable Housing Program incollaboration with all orders of government and housing providers.


others in the industry throughoutCanada, expressed their ideas onfiscal incentives for rental housing.They stated that they are willing tobuild new classes of affordablehousing if conditions, such as equaltax treatment, are made favourable.[“Unlocking the Opportunity for NewRental Housing: A Call to Action”, Cityof Toronto, June 2001].

In response to our recommenda-tions in the Interim Report, CMHC,together with the Chair of the TaskForce and the ParliamentarySecretary to the Minister responsiblefor CMHC, will host a NationalHousing Forum to focus on privatesector opportunities. Representativesfrom the building and developmentindustry, as well as financial andbusiness leaders, will explore ways toovercome obstacles that might lead to

more public/private partnerships inthe affordable housing market.

The $680 million federal AffordableHousing Program, announced inBudget 2001, is a good start but isjust not sufficient to meet the needsacross the country.

This program, and the commitmentannounced in the 2002 ThroneSpeech, should form the basis for along-term National Affordable HousingProgram that will provide an effectiveand more sustainable means ofincreasing the supply of affordablehousing.

Housing not only means providingnew affordable units. It also meansexploring concepts such as redevelop-ment of brownfields and controllingdevelopment patterns – both willinfluence transportation, environmen-tal and social infrastructure patterns.

The Task Force recommends the Government of Canada commit to aNational Affordable Housing Program that should include:

■ A Cabinet review of CMHC’s mandate to allow more flexible arrangementswith housing providers, non-profit corporations, the volunteer sector and otherorders of government to seek creative and flexible solutions in regions wherethere are pressures;

■ Changes to CMHC mortgage insurance to allow greater flexibility;

■ Opportunities for exploring partnerships with private and corporate pensionfunds such as the Ontario Municipal Employees Retirement System;

■ Reinvesting a portion of CMHC insurance profits into grants against the cost ofCMHC mortgage insurance to assist non-profit housing groups; and

■ Recognition and promotion of building methods that go towards meetingtargets on greenhouse gas emissions, and encouraging the use of Canadian-made environmentally “green” building materials and construction methods.


“A national affordable

housing program must be

put in place for seniors

and the working poor. We

need to overcome the

attitude of not wanting

low income housing in our

neighbourhoods”.[Report from public consulta-tion meeting, Moncton, NewBrunswick, September 2002]

The Task Force recommends the Government of Canada:■ Consider financing initiatives that include:

– Accelerated depreciation on rental properties;– Defer capital gains and capital cost allowance on the sale of rental property

when the proceeds are reinvested as affordable housing units (rollovers);– Revise the rate and method used to calculate capital-cost allowance (CCA)

against any losses and restore pooling provisions;– Expand the definition of ‘soft costs’ for the first year of operations to allow

investors the ability to deduct these from new rental properties;– Change capital gains tax to encourage redevelopment of underused and

derelict urban properties and lands;– A housing tax-credit program that recognizes some private investors and

owners may take a loss of revenue on the low-income rental market; and– Tax incentive programs similar to the U.S. (e.g. Low Income Housing Tax

Credit) as well as other housing subsidy programs.Tax changes are crucial to create incentives for more and enhanced public/privatepartnerships. The role of government is essential to support lower income earners,particularly those who are paying more than 30% of their net income on rent.[CMHC target]

The Task Force recommends the Government of Canada:■ Consider targetting initiatives in urban areas that include:

– Renewing the Residential Rehabilitation Assistance Program (RRAP) due toexpire in March 31, 2003-for at least a further 3 years. Both the RRAP andSupporting Communities Partnership Initiative Program (SCPI) have beenwell received and are excellent examples of successful bi-partitepartnerships between federal and municipal governments and individualhomeowners;

– Incorporating a degree of flexibility into the RRAP program to includeconsideration of the value of the home as well as the income level of theowners;

– Linking housing targets to policies through an “urban lens” as a directimpact of federal legislation. The Urban Aboriginal Strategy could be usedas a model for interdepartmental groupings;

– Giving special consideration to the critical need for housing among theurban aboriginal community and senior population;

– Providing targeted mortgage insurance for brownfield redevelopment andrevitalization in areas where there is a shortage of affordable housing; and

– Offering grants to non-profit housing groups to support the restoration andconversion of heritage properties to affordable housing.


In our Interim Report we recom-mended a National TransportationProgram and we repeat this in ourfinal report. A healthy, sustainabletransportation network is vital to thesuccess of urban regions.

We congratulate the government forits announced intention to set up a10-year Infrastructure Program thatincludes a component for a strategyfor a transportation system: “Withinthis framework, it will introduce a newstrategy for a safe, efficient and envi-ronmentally responsible transportationsystem that will help reduce congestionin our cities and bottlenecks in ourtrade corridors”. [Speech from theThrone, 2002]

This is an important step towardsthe recognition of urban transit as anarea of long-term national investment.

The Canadian Urban TransitAssociation (CUTA) estimates that$13.6 billion is required to meet tran-sit infrastructure needs across the

country over the next five years. CUTAalso estimates that “current transitbudgets can only meet $6.8 billion ofthe total needs. Without new andcreative funding sources, insufficientcapital investment will place pressureon current operating budgets, increaselife-cycle costs, limit access to services,and have a negative impact on theenvironment”. [CUTA, Partnership inUrban Transit, Submission to theHouse of Commons StandingCommittee on Finance, September2002]

There is no doubt that our roadsare congested, air quality is deterio-rating and low-density sprawl isencroaching on the countryside.Traffic congestion is increasinglybecoming an economic burden and anenvironmental threat. The costs ofdriving continue to increase. It isestimated that gridlock costs theGreater Toronto Region alone,$2 billion annually in lost produc-

A NATIONAL TRANSIT/TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM

Recommendations from the Interim Report

Establish a National Transportation Program that would:

■ Provide long-term sustainable funding for public transportation systems;

■ Invest strategically in integrated multi-modal transportation systems;

■ Invest in high-speed rail service to connect major centres; and

■ Ensure that unused railway rights-of-way and corridors are preserved and made available at net

salvage value or at no cost for future transit or be developed into recreational trails.

Currently, the Government of Canada has several transportation related programs:

Strategic Highways Infrastructure Program $ 600 Million 2002 – 2007

Border Infrastructure Fund $ 600 Million 2002 – 2007

Canada Strategic Infrastructure Fund includes: Total allocation for the1. Highways and Railway Infrastructure Fund – all five categories 2002 –2. Local Transportation Infrastructure $ 2 Billion


tivity. [Toronto Board of Trade:Presentation to the Ontario StandingCommittee on Finance and EconomicAffairs, February 2001]

To build world-class, competitiveurban regions, all orders of govern-ment must invest in multi-modaltransit systems. Canada is the only G-7 country without a national transitinvestment program. Keeping pacewith demand will require a commit-ment to transit infrastructure from allorders of government.

Strategic Objectives forResponding to the Challengesand Realizing the Vision

The broad objective for a NationalTransportation/Transit Program is tofacilitate implementation of sustain-able transportation defined by theCentre for Sustainable Transportationas a system that:■ Allows the basic needs of individu-

als to be met safely and in amanner consistent with human andecosystem health, and with equitywithin and between generations;

■ Is affordable, operates efficiently,offers a choice of transport mode,and supports a vibrant economy;

■ Limits emissions and waste withinthe planet’s ability to absorb them,minimizes consumption of non-renewable resources, limitsconsumption of renewableresources to the sustainable level ofyield, reuses and recycles its

components, and minimizes the useof land and the production of noise.[The Centre for SustainableTransportation, September 1997]The Task Force firmly believes that

this definition forms a solid base ofobjectives for a national Transit/Transportation Program.

The Task Force wants to see anincreased emphasis on multi-modaltransit to integrate regions whereCanadians live, work and play and toconnect the rural areas with theurban core. This includes improvedpassenger and freight rail-links, inter-modal systems to connect rail, road,air and sea, as well as regional transitsystems such as Ontario’s GO Trainservices.

Investments in rail networks willinvolve improvements to railway infra-structure such as grade separation.This is an important issue for thesafety of residents where railroadspass through residential areas.

An efficient, fast rail system linkingall parts of Canada will reducecongestion in the urban centres, andpromote commuter and passenger rail as an alternative mode oftransportation.

Consumer or “user fees” are gainingacceptance as a means by whichprovincial and regional governmentscan raise much needed cash withoutraising taxes. These fees also have thepotential to change behaviouralpatterns.

“Transportation is critical

to Canada’s trade-

dependent economy. About

one-half of our economy –

from agriculture to

manufacturing to tourism –

depends on

transportation”.[“The importance ofRevitalizing Canada’s

Transportation Infrastructure”,Western Transportation

Advisory Council, July 2002.]


The Task Force recommends the Government of Canada commit to aNational Transit/Transportation Program that will:

■ Consolidate current federal transit/transportation programs into a NationalTransit/Transportation Program;

■ Create further tax incentives to aid the construction and use of public transit;

■ Amend the Income Tax Act to permit employers to provide transit benefits toemployees on an income tax exempt status. A personal income tax exemptiongives employers the incentive to offer transit benefits to their employees. Thisin turn, motivates drivers to use public transit;

■ Encourage the expansion of the ‘Ecopass’ and ‘Passe Partout’ Programs,currently a federal pilot program in the National Capital Region, to otherfederal employees to allow payroll deductions for the purchase of transitpasses;

■ Treat employer-provided free parking in large urban centres as a taxablebenefit where there is readily accessible public transit. Taxes collected underthis method should be dedicated to transit programs;

■ Consider tax incentives to Canadian companies that implement trafficreduction programs such as shuttle services from main transit intersections toplaces of work; and

■ Invest in a high-speed inter-city rail network with upgraded railwayinfrastructure, including grade separations and traffic control systems.

A National Transit/Transportation Program will have specific criteria, performancemeasures, rigorous evaluation and monitoring of all projects funded under thisprogram.


In our Interim Report, the Task Forcerecommended a long term NationalInfrastructure Program. We congratu-late the government for its announcedintention to set up a new 10-yearinfrastructure program: “working withprovinces and municipalities, thegovernment will put in place a ten-yearprogram for infrastructure to accommo-date long-term strategic initiativesessential to competitiveness andsustainable growth”. [Speech from theThrone, 2002]

This is a continuation and anextension of an agenda that began in1993 to assist provinces andmunicipalities with the high costs ofinfrastructure.

The table below provides asummary of the infrastructure initia-tives and programs of the Governmentof Canada since 2000.

In the Interim Report, the TaskForce showed how sustainable infra-

structure is critical to the quality oflife and everyday function of ourcities. It is the foundation foreconomic growth and development.We heard that many municipalgovernments are unable to meet thedemand. At the same time they are constrained by their inability tofinance large projects throughproperty taxes.

The need is greatest in the largesturban regions where the demand forinfrastructure like highways, trans-portation systems, airports, bridges,water and sewage treatment plantsand housing are paramount. This iswhere urban revitalization is also akey area of investment. TheFederation of Canadian Municipalitiesestimates a $44 billion shortfall ininfrastructure funding across Canada.[Federation of Canadian Municipalities:Early Warning: Will Canadian CitiesCompete? 2001]

A NATIONAL SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM

Recommendation from the Interim Report

Establish a long-term National Infrastructure Program that will build on current programs to providestable, reliable funding (i.e. 15 years)

Infrastructure Programs / Initiatives

Name Funding Funding Period

Physical Infrastructure InitiativeInfrastructure Canada $ 2.05 B 2000 – 2007Strategic Highways Infrastructure Program $ 600 M 2002 – 2007

Canada Strategic Infrastructure Fund $ 2.0 B min 2002 –

Border Infrastructure Fund $ 600 M 2002 – 2007

FCM “Green” Funds$ 250 M

(endowments)2000 –

Affordable Housing Program $ 680 M 2002 – 2007

Cultural Spaces Canada Program $ 80 M 2001 – 2004


The Task Force recognizes thatlarge and long-term projects take timeto plan. Provinces and municipalitiesneed a farsighted long-term approachthat allows for changes in budgets,time-frames, land use planning, andpriorities.

Decisions on major projects inurban regions such as transit, infra-structure and housing are shaped bycosts, pricing, taxation and the poli-cies of other governments. Basic ques-tions such as where to build roads,transit stations, libraries and schools,etc. are governed in large part bycapital, operational and maintenancecosts.

Ground-breaking research iscurrently being undertaken by theNational Roundtable on theEnvironment and the Economy intofiscal objectives for sustainabilitythrough ecological fiscal reform.

The National Round Table on theEnvironment and the Economy isexploring various measures that affect

urban planning from a fiscal perspec-tive. Such questions include: Is taxing& spending in cities adversely affect-ing the urban environment? In someinstances, fiscal measures workagainst ‘greenfields’ and ‘brownfields’or the regeneration of the urban core.

A long-term infrastructure programwill allow the Government of Canadaan opportunity to show leadership onurban sustainability and urban revi-talization, not only through its ownpractices and policies but also byengaging the broader community andother orders of government in projectsthat meet specific targets of environ-mental and fiscal sustainability.

The 2002 Throne Speech acknowl-edges the importance of infrastructureas key to the prosperity of our citiesand the health of our communities.We must invest wisely and strategi-cally and make the right choices toensure urban infrastructure issustainable for future economic andsocial success.

“A new deal for cities

should be a new deal for

Canada’s urban regions,

not a ‘bail-out’ for existing

municipalities. We must

begin to view funding

transit and infrastructure

on a regional basis rather

than simply funding

separate municipal

governments.” [“Cities in the New Canada”,

prepared for TD Forum onCanada’s Standard of Living, by

Joe Berridge, Urban StrategiesInc. October 2002]


The Task Force recommends the Government of Canada commit to aNational Sustainable Infrastructure Program that will include:

■ Stable capital investment so that provinces and municipalities can plan forlong-term funding over a longer period of time, thus taking into considerationthe fiscal capabilities of governments;

■ Mechanisms for long-term planning to manage local needs and priorities;

■ A focus on long-term strategies, while targeting regions on an “as needed”basis rather than on a per capita basis;

■ Cost-shared funding to support projects that comprise part of a longer-termmunicipal development plan;

■ Public/private partnerships essential to the goals of sustainable communities;

■ A strong “green” component in all projects;

■ A portion of funding for innovative sustainable communities that areconceived and built according to the principles of integrated sustainabledevelopment;

■ Criteria to take into account ecological fiscal measures to ensuresustainability;

■ Incentives for district energy systems;

■ A central inventory of federally owned lands and buildings, their current andfuture use that could have the potential for strategic urban redevelopment; and

■ Removal or reduction of the capital gains tax on the restoration, preservationand adaptive reuse of heritage buildings.

A National Sustainable Infrastructure Program will have specific criteria,performance measurements, rigorous evaluation and monitoring of all projectsfunded under this program.

MOVING FORWARD TO 2020 21

In May 2001, the Prime Ministerproposed an extensive agenda forthis Task Force – to study Canadian

Urban Issues and respond withrecommendations.

Our interim recommendations wereextremely well received. Many of ourmain recommendations are includedin the Government of Canada’slegislative agenda for the new sessionof Parliament, announced in the 2002Throne Speech.

We believe our final recommenda-tions are the building blocks of anational urban revitalization andinnovation agenda for thisGovernment and for Canada.

The Final Report of the Task Forceis by no means the last step. TheGovernment of Canada must seize theopportunity to put in place thosemeasures that will give urban regionsthe tools they need to move forward. A piecemeal approach will not work.Housing, transit and sustainableinfrastructure cannot stand alone andshould be the main pillars of theGovernment of Canada’s plans forurban action.

Our vision for Canada in 2020 ismore than sustainable communities,

strong economic growth and socialcohesion. It is a vision that means achange in direction, a significant shiftin government policy that has thepotential to revitalize urban regionsand position them successfully in theglobal, knowledge-based economy. Allregions, rural and urban, are equallyimportant and must do well. In ourvision, we see a new era of coopera-tion where coordination and collabo-ration, in partnership with all ordersof government, will create the ‘CanadaWe Want’.

A useful first measure to launchCanada’s Urban Strategy on thenational stage would be to call anUrban Summit with First Ministersresponsible for Municipal Affairs, andwith key urban experts.

This blueprint is the next step intothe future. Let us have the courageand the vision to take the next oneson our journey. This is an excitingopportunity for all governments toshape the future direction of Canada.

Working together, we can build ournation into a successful and prosper-ous Canada, confident that all regionshave the foundation to lead us intothe 21st century.

Moving Forward to 2020

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 23

MINISTERS AND SECRETARIES OF STATE

Hon. David AndersonHon. Maurizio BevilacquaHon. Ethel Blondin-AndrewHon. Claudette BradshawHon. Elinor CaplanHon. David CollenetteHon. Sheila CoppsHon. Herb DhaliwalHon. Stéphane DionHon. John ManleyHon. Ralph GoodaleHon. Anne McLellanHon. Andy MitchellHon. Stephen OwenHon. Allan RockHon. Jane Stewart

SENATORS

Hon. Jerry GrafsteinHon. David Smith

MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT

Larry Bagnell John BrydenSarmite BulteMurray CalderDerek LeeJohn GodfreyJohn HarvardStan KeyesSteve MahoneyHon. Paul MartinJohn McKay

Dennis MillsCarolyn ParrishMarcel ProulxBob SpellerTony Valeri

LIBRARY OF PARLIAMENT

NATIONAL LIBERAL CAUCUS RESEARCH BUREAU

SENATE LIBERAL RESOURCE CENTRE

Robin Russell

STATISTICS CANADA

ALCATEL CANADA INC.

Harvey R. Hart, BusinessDevelopment Manager

ALLIANCE OF SENIORS TO PROTECT CANADA'SSOCIAL PROGRAMS

Jack Pinkus, President

BURLINGTON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTCORPORATION

Don Baxter, Executive Director

CANADIAN URBAN INSTITUTE

Hon. David Crombie, President andChief Executive Officer

CANADIAN URBAN TRANSIT ASSOCIATION

Michael Roschlau, President andChief Executive Officer

Amelia Shaw, Manager ofPublic Affairs

CANADA WEST FOUNDATION

Dr. Roger Gibbins, President andChief Executive Officer

Acknowledgements The Prime Minister’s Caucus Task Force on Urban Issues wishes to acknowledgeand thank the contribution of our parliamentary colleagues and the followingindividuals and organizations. Without their assistance, guidance and encour-agement, the work of the Task Force and the preparation of both the Interimand Final Reports would not have been possible. We thank each and every onefor their help and support throughout this challenging and exciting period.


CARLETON UNIVERSITY

Katherine A. H. Graham, Professor,Dean Designate

Faculty of Public Affairs andManagement

CARPENTER’S LOCAL 27 JOINT APPRENTICESHIP & TRUST FUND INC.

Eddie Thornton, Executive Director

CITY OF MONCTON

Brian F. P. Murphy, MayorEric Arsenault, Director of Systems

Development, Engineering andPublic Works

Mike Sullivan, Assistant City Manager

CITY OF REGINA

Pat Fiacco, MayorMike Badham, City Councillor, Ward 1Bill Hutchinson, City Councillor,

Ward 2

CITY OF VANCOUVER

Philip Owen, Mayor

CITY OF VICTORIA

Alan Lowe, Mayor

CONFERENCE BOARD OF CANADA

Anne Golden, President andChief Executive Officer

DELCAN CORPORATION

Doug Floyd, Vice President

EMA CANADA

Natasha Bartlett, MarketingRienk de Vries, Managing Director

ENID SLACK CONSULTING INC.

Dr. Enid Slack, President

FEDERATION OF CANADIAN MUNICIPALITIES

James W. Knight, Chief ExecutiveOfficer

GIRAFFE COMMUNICATIONS INC.

Doug Crocker, President

GOVERNMENT OF BRITISH COLUMBIA

Hon. Greg Halsey-Brandt, Minister ofState for Intergovernmental Affairs

Hon. George Abbott, Minister ofCommunity, Aboriginal andWomen’s Services

GOVERNMENT OF SASKATCHEWAN

Hon. Ron Osika, Minister ofGovernment Relations

HALTON REGION

Leo DeLoyde, General Manager ofDevelopment & Infrastrucuture,City of Burlington

Tim Dobbie, City Manager, City ofBurlington

Jane Fogal, Councillor, Ward 3,Town of Halton Hills

Gordon Krantz, Mayor, Town of MiltonRob MacIsacc, Mayor, City of

BurlingtonAnn Mulvale, Mayor, Town of OakvilleJoyce Savoline, Regional Chair,

Region of HaltonKeith Strong, President, BEDC Board

KIRKLAND PARTNERSHIP INC.

Michael Kirkland

ARTHUR KROEGER

MINTO DEVELOPMENTS INC.

Roger Greenberg, PresidentJack Stirling, Vice President,

Land Development

CLAUS MOHR

NATIONAL ROUND TABLE ON THEENVIRONMENT AND THE ECONOMY

David McGuinty, President and CEOMike Harcourt, Chair, Urban

Sustainability Task ForceEdwin Aquilina, MemberMeg Ogden, Policy Advisor

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 25

NEPTIS FOUNDATION

Tony Coombes, Executive Director

POLICY CONCEPTS

Dr. Peter Regenstreif

PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS

Diana Santo, Vice President,Real Estate Planning Services

RBC FINANCIAL GROUP

Charles Coffey, Executive VicePresident, Government andCommunity Affairs

REGINA REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTAUTHORITY

Tim Feduniw, President and CEOBob Peterson, Vice Chairman,

Board of Directors

DR. LESLIE SEIDLE

STEPHEN G. MCLAUGHLIN CONSULTANTS INC.

Stephen McLaughlin, President

SUSSEX CIRCLE

Jim Mitchell, Partner

THE TORONTO BOARD OF TRADE

Elyse Allan, President and CEO

TD BANK FINANCIAL GROUP

Derek Burleton, Senior EconomistDon Drummond, Senior Vice

President and Chief EconomistJoseph Fiorini, Vice President, Debt

Capital Markets, TD SecuritiesJamey Hubbs, Managing Director

Government Finance

JOE TORZSOK

TOTAL CREDIT RECOVERY LIMITED

Jim McFarlane, Vice PresidentCorporate Services

TRENT UNIVERSITY

Harry Kitchen, ProfessorDepartment of Economics

UNIVERSAL WORKER’S UNION, LOCAL 183

Andy Manahan, DevelopmentPromotion Representative

UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA

Dr. Barry Wellar, ProfessorFaculty of Arts

YORK UNIVERSITY

Dr. Lorna Marsden, PresidentPeter Ross, Office of Research and

InnovationDr. Stan Shapson, Vice President,

Research and InnovationJeff Turner, Design and Production

Services Supervisor

We especially wish to thank the staffof the members of the Task Force.In particular, the staff of Chair, JudySgro, MP, who spent countless hoursworking with the Task Force over thecourse of this mandate and in thepreparation of both the interim andfinal reports. Their extraordinarydedication, organization and carefulattention to detail made the job ofthe Task Force so much easier andso successful.

Judy BorgesJenny HooperEmily MarangoniRossanna PenaPatricia PepperIhor WonsKay Hsu, Vittoria Maggisano, and

Claudia Tuzi – former staffLorne Randa – formerly seconded

from the National Liberal CaucusResearch Bureau

Lindsey Richardson – formerParliamentary Intern


ALBERTA ASSOCIATION OF MUNICIPALDISTRICTS AND COUNTIES

Jack Hayden, President

ALCATEL CANADA INC.

Walter Friesen, General Manager

AMERESCO CANADA

Mario Iusi, President, CanadianOperations

BURTON-LESBURY HOLDINGS LIMITED

Robert L. Burton

CALGARY HEALTH REGION ABORIGINALCOMMUNITY HEALTH COUNCIL

Victoria Budd, Member, AboriginalHealth Council

Donna Lentjes, MSc., Director,Aboriginal Health Program

Debra Murray, Chair, AboriginalCommunity Health Council

Violet White, Aboriginal NetworkResource Coordinator

CALGARY HEALTH REGION HEALTHY COMMUNITIES

Judy Bader, Executive Director

CANADA25

Andrew Medd, Executive Director

CANADIAN AUTOMOBILE ASSOCIATION

David Flewelling, C.A., President

CANADIAN FEDERATION OF INDEPENDENT BUSINESS

CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF PLANNERS

David O. Palubeski, M.C.I.P., President

CANADIAN URBAN TRANSIT ASSOCIATION

Michael Roschlau, President andChief Executive Officer

CHRISTIAN REFORMED CHURCH

William Veenstra, Director,Canadian Ministries

CITY OF BARRIE

Jim Perri, Mayor

CITY OF BRANTFORD

Marguerite Ceschi-Smith MSc.,Councillor

CITY OF CALGARY

Dave Bronconnier, Mayor

CITY OF OSHAWA

Nancy L. Diamond, Mayor

CITY OF REGINA

Pat Fiacco, Mayor

CITY OF SASKATOON

Phil Richards, City Manager

CITY OF TORONTO

Ulli S. Watkiss, City Clerk

CITY OF VAUGHAN

Mario G. Racco, Councillor

CITY OF WINDSOR

John Skorobohacz, Commissioner ofCouncil Services and City Clerk

COMMUNAUTÉ MÉTROPOLITAINEDE MONTRÉAL

Massimo Iezzoni, directeur géneral

CO-OPERATIVE HOUSING FEDERATIONOF CANADA

René Daoust, President

CORPORATION OF THE CITY OFNEW WESTMINSTER

Mary Pyneburg, M.R.A.I.C., M.C.I.P.,Director of Planning

ECOCRETO ONTARIO

Margarita Martinez, PresidentHarry Wiseman

EDMONTON FEDERATION OFCOMMUNITY LEAGUES

Brian McCosh, Community PlanningAdvisor

Written Submissions: Phase II

WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS: PHASE II 27

EDMONTON TRANSIT SYSTEM ADVISORY BOARD

Debra Gillett, Chair

ENWAVE DISTRICT ENERGY LIMITED

Steven Zucchet, Chief OperatingOfficer

EVERGREEN

Stewart Chisholm, Common GroundsManager, Capacity Building andEducation

FEDERATION OF CANADIAN MUNICIPALITIES

James W. Knight, Chief ExecutiveOfficer

GO FOR GREEN

Francine Godin, Executive Director

GOVERNMENT OF BRITISH COLUMBIA

Hon. George Abbott, Minister ofCommunity, Aboriginal andWomen's Services

GOVERNMENT OF NOVA SCOTIA

Hon. Angus MacIsaac, Minister ofSocial Service Nova Scotia andMunicipal Relations

GOVERNMENT OF SASKATCHEWAN

Hon. Ron Osika, Minister ofGovernment Relations

GREATER VANCOUVER GATEWAY COUNCIL

Larry Berg, Chair

GREATER VANCOUVER REGIONAL DISTRICT

George Puil, Chair, GVRD Boardof Directors

HERITAGE CANADA FOUNDATION

Brian Anthony, Executive Director

LAIDLAW FOUNDATION

Paul Zarnke, President

LOCAL 79, CANADIAN UNION OF PUBLICEMPLOYEES

Ann Dembinski, President

MAYORS AND REEVES OF MANITOBA'SCAPITAL REGION

Daile J. Unruh, Consultant

MIZIWE BIIK

Nancy Martin, Executive Director

MONCTON CRISIS PREGNANCY CENTRE

Mary Tower, Co-ordinator, SpecialProjects/Grants Sheppard's Inn

MONCTON TOWN HALL FORUM,SEPTEMBER 2002

Hosted by Hon. Claudette Bradshaw,P.C., M.P., Moncton-Riverview-Dieppe

NATIONAL ABORIGINAL HOUSING ASSOCIATION

Charles W. Hill, President

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OFFRIENDSHIP CENTRES

Alfred J. Gay, Policy Analyst

NATIONAL HOUSING ANDHOMELESSNESS INITIATIVE

Michael Shapcott, Co-Chair

ONTARIO SEWER AND WATERMAINCONSTRUCTION ASSOCIATION

Dave Pagnan, PresidentSam Morra, P.Eng, Executive Director

PREMIER BUSINESS SOLUTIONS

Michael Thompson, President

REGION OF PEEL

Emil Kolb, Regional Chair

REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF WATERLOO

G.A. Thompson, MASc., R.P.P., P.Eng,Chief Administrative Officer

REGIONAL PLANNING COMMISSIONERSOF ONTARIO

Alex Georgieff, M.C.I.P., R.P.P., Chair

THE LEARNING ENRICHMENT FOUNDATION

Eunice M. Grayson, Executive Director

THE REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF HALTON

Joyce Savoline, Regional Chairman

THE REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF YORK

Bill Fisch, B.COM., LLB., RegionalChair and Chief Executive Officer


THE ROYAL ARCHITECTURAL INSTITUTEOF CANADA

Jon Hobbs, M.R.A.I.C., Architect,Executive Director

THE TORONTO BOARD OF TRADE

Elyse Allan, President and ChiefExecutive Officer

TORONTO AND REGION CONSERVATIONAUTHORITY, WATERSHED MANAGEMENTDIVISION

Larry Field, Waterfront Specialist

TORONTO PUBLIC LIBRARY

Gillian Mason, Chair, Toronto PublicLibrary Board

TOURISM INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION OF CANADA

Randal Williams, President andChief Executive Officer

TOWN OF AJAX

Steve Parish, Mayor

TOWN OF MARKHAM

W. Donald Cousens, Mayor

TRANSLINK

Doug McCallum, Chair

TRENT UNIVERSITY

Harry Kitchen, Professor

UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA

Dr. H. Peter Oberlander, Professor

UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN

Bernard Flaman, SAA, M.R.A.I.C.,Planner, Facilities ManagementDivision

VERDIROC DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION

Kevin Green, President andChief Executive Officer

YORK REGION RAPID TRANSIT PLAN

Mary Francis Turner, ExecutiveCoordinator

OTHERS

Fernand ArsenaultClayton BalabanovAlastair MacPheeAli M. ManjiLorie MarangoniSteven MegannetyAlbert J. Mettler, Consultant in

Electric Railway DesignClarissa MorawskiGeorge SeadenGordon SharwoodJeffrey Stone Jordan Velestuk

RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE INTERIM REPORT 29

The Task Force recommends that the Government of Canada:

1. Develop An Urban Strategy for Canada which includes:

– An integrated approach to policy and program development in order to deliver acohesive, effective urban strategy;

– Examining the effect and impact of federal policies and programs on urban regions(i.e. urban lens);

– A strong urban partnership developed in collaboration with all orders ofgovernment, the community, the private sector, and citizens through bilateral,trilateral and multilateral agreements and initiatives;

– Priority initiatives that include:

– A National Affordable Housing Program

– A National Infrastructure Program

– A National Transportation Program

– An advisory body to provide on-going consultation and advice on urban policy tothe Government of Canada; and

– Fostering research on best practices, providing intelligence on trends andconditions, and communicating the Government of Canada’s activities related tourban issues.

2. Initiate further dialogue and debate on the mechanisms required to design andimplement an Urban Strategy.

3. Continue to collaborate with other orders of government and support developmentof regional economic growth strategies that establish priority action plans.

4. Continue to work with the Provinces towards the harmonization of inter-provincialprofessional qualifications and trade certification.

5. Build on the success of the Sustainable Cities Initiative and continue to brand andsupport Canadian urban centres as sources of innovation and sustainability.

6. Build on existing partnerships with universities and the public/private sectors tosupport and facilitate research and development, and innovation.

7. Continue to invest in e-government programs.

8. Establish a long-term National Infrastructure Program that will build on currentprograms to provide stable, reliable funding (i.e. 15 years).

9. Establish A National Transportation Program that would:

– Provide long-term sustainable funding for public transportation systems;

– Invest strategically in integrated multi-modal transportation systems; and

– Invest in high-speed rail service to connect major centres.

Recommendations from theInterim Report – May 2002


10. Ensure that unused railway rights-of-way and corridors are preserved and madeavailable at net salvage value or at no cost for future transit or be developed intorecreational trails.

11. Review the federal income support systems to ensure they are meeting the needs ofCanada’s most vulnerable population.

12. Continue to work with all orders of government and childcare agencies to ensurethat all children have access to quality childcare and early education, and reaffirmour commitment to eliminating child poverty.

13. Implement a National Drug Strategy that will involve all orders of government,community agencies and the voluntary sector.

14. Establish A National Affordable Housing Program that could include:

– Strengthening the mandate of Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation todevelop A National Affordable Housing Program in collaboration with all orders ofgovernment, and housing providers;

– Building on existing federal housing programs;

– Changes to CMHC mortgage underwriting criteria to allow a more customized andflexible system;

– Providing additional resources and flexibility in the RRAP program to rehabilitateexisting properties;

– Examining the federal tax environment related to rental housing and creatingappropriate incentives;

– Establishing grants against the cost of CMHC mortgage insurance;

– Providing targeted mortgage insurance for brownfield redevelopment in areaswhere there is a shortage of affordable housing;

– Facilitating agreements with municipalities to transfer small tracts of surplus land,owned by the Canada Lands Company, to community groups; and

– Offering grants to community housing groups to support the restoration andconversion of heritage properties for affordable housing.

15. Extend the Supporting Communities Partnership Initiative (SCPI) beyond three yearsin order to meet its objectives to eliminate homelessness.

16. Review the policy and planning process for funding of programs for urban Aboriginalpeople, and develop a more collaborative and coordinated approach with otherorders of government to strategically fund and better deliver services and programsto Aboriginal people in urban areas.

17. Partner with other orders of government and community Aboriginal groups to findways to lower poverty levels, provide employment opportunities and expand thestock of affordable housing for urban Aboriginal population, especially amongyouth.


18. Work with our urban partners to increase the number of pilot projects in selectedurban centres as currently included in the Urban Aboriginal Strategy.

19. Encourage cooperation between Urban Reserves and surrounding urban regions.

20. Examine current policies and develop ways to target the special needs of the urbanAboriginal population, including Metis and non-Status Indians.

21. Strengthen educational supports, in cooperation with First Nations, Metis and non-status Indians at post secondary levels to better meet the needs of Aboriginalpeoples in urban centres.

22. Develop a cohesive approach that involves the coordination between orders ofgovernment, and non-governmental organizations that offer settlement services,language training and cultural resources to better meet the needs of the immigrantpopulation.

23. Review with provincial and municipal governments the formula for fundingsettlement, integration programs and services in urban centres.

24. Consult and work with urban regions on immigration policies/programs.

25. Increase the resources to non-government organizations and community groups toprovide additional support services for families, particularly language classes forwomen and their children.

26. Inform prospective immigrants and new arrivals about conditions and services inCanada BEFORE they leave their country of origin, and include a well-developed andup-to-date “Welcome to Canada” package listing the various services available tonewcomers.

27. Streamline the Immigration and Refugee Board process in order to ensure that allclaims are processed with maximum efficiency and as expeditiously as possible.

28. Provide access to appropriate upgrading/training programs for newcomers, as wellas assessment of credentials and access to trades and professions.

29. Encourage Human Resources Development Canada to enter into more sectoralagreements to facilitate the quick and efficient entry of temporary foreign workersto fill national and regional labour shortages.

30. Convene a bi-annual Conference on Immigration with all orders of government. Thiswill assist provinces and urban regions with declining populations to benefit fromnational expertise and resources to attract newcomers.

31. Continue negotiations with provincial governments that have not yet signed thebilateral agreement on immigration policies.

32. Continue to provide resources and cooperate with all orders of government andcommunities to ensure that police and emergency services have sufficient resourcesto adequately protect Canadians.

33. Continue to support innovative community-driven initiatives through our crimeprevention program.


34. Continue to strengthen our investment in the arts and cultural sector in our urbancommunities.

35. Provide grants to support the restoration and conversion of heritage properties anddevelop mechanisms to encourage redevelopment and restoration for bothcommercial and residential uses.

36. Consider mechanisms to encourage more investments and donations to CommunityFoundations, philanthropic and charitable organizations, and community groups.

37. Facilitate the sharing of best practises among the voluntary sector and charitableorganizations.

38. Continue to acknowledge and recognize the important contribution of the volunteersector to building a nation of strong communities.

39. Ensure that any infrastructure program includes the opportunity to focus efforts onmunicipal water infrastructure by providing:

– Traditional tripartite contributions for communities which do not have therevenue-generating capacity to support full-cost pricing; and

– Revolving funds offering low- and no-interest loans for larger urban communitiesthat can, over time, move to full-cost pricing.

40. Continue to consult with all orders of government and encourage existing federalguidelines to be used as a standard for drinking water quality.

41. Support the redevelopment and cleaning of ports and harbours.

42. Consider creating A National Building Retrofit Strategy to encourage and facilitateenergy efficiency. This could involve:

– Creating a National Better Building revolving fund to help facilitate retrofitting incommercial and institutional buildings;

– Providing tax credits to homeowners and businesses that undertake energyefficiency retrofits; and

– Supporting a national community-based home retrofit advisory service network.

43. Set higher fuel economy standards for new vehicles and support innovation,research and development leading to more sustainable urban transportationsystems.

44. Encourage Government of Canada employees to reduce vehicle use by locatinggovernment buildings and services along existing public transit service and makebus pass purchases easy through programs like ECOPASS.

45. Support the development of new renewable fuel and GHG reduction technologies.

46. Support minimum efficiency standards for new power generation facilities.

47. Work with our partners in government to create an integrated risk assessment andliability management framework that harmonizes federal and provincial regulations.

48. Consider targeted mortgage insurance and appropriate tax incentives for brownfieldredevelopment.


49. Continue to provide support for completion of brownfields inventories, riskassessments and community consultations.

50. Encourage innovation in ecological design by creating incentives for the privatesector and municipalities to incorporate ecologically sound and smart growthprinciples, and to acknowledge successful private-public partnerships on smartgrowth.

51. Adopt and showcase sound urban design practices by incorporating ecologicallysustainable landscape practices on government lands, and incorporate smart growthprinciples by building and locating government services in urban cores and alongtransit corridors.

52. Support the acquisition of critical urban green space by assisting communitypartnerships such as land trusts and conservation organizations and provideincentives to allow land donations for conservation purposes.


PRIME MINISTER’S CAUCUS TASK FORCE ON URBAN ISSUES ANNOUNCED

May 9, 2001Ottawa, Ontario

Prime Minister Jean Chrétien today announced the creation of a Prime Minister'sCaucus Task Force on Urban Issues. Creation of the Task Force is a key part offulfilling the commitment made in Opportunity for All, the 2000 Liberal electionplatform, to engage in a dialogue with citizens, experts and other orders ofgovernment on the opportunities and challenges facing our urban regions.

“Over the last few decades, our cities have prospered and grown to become theplaces where a majority of Canadians live work and play,” said the PrimeMinister. “And, while our cities have responded well to many of the challenges ofrapid growth, it is clear that strengthened partnerships will be required tosustain and enhance the quality of life in our large urban areas. I am delightedthat our Caucus will be providing me with advice on how the Government ofCanada can better focus its efforts in cities.”

The Government Canada is an active partner with governments, the private andvoluntary sectors and individual Canadians across a wide spectrum of programsand services that ensure that urban Canadians can have safe streets, qualityhealth care, a strong economy, access to post-secondary education, parks andmuseums, affordable housing, pensions and income support for families. It isalso a major land owner and employer in urban centres.

The Task Force on Urban Issues will consult with citizens, experts and otherorders of government to explore how we can work more collaboratively, withinour federal jurisdiction, to strengthen quality of life in our large urban centres.

The Task Force will place a special emphasis on:– key opportunities for increasing economic competitiveness in our cities; – environmental issues such as air, water quality and land-use; – approaches to strengthening cultural assets; – urban transit; – effective approaches to settlement and integration services for newcomers to

Canada, bearing in mind existing agreements with provinces; – the specific needs and circumstances of at risk populations such as urban

Aboriginal people, recent immigrants, persons with disabilities and thehomeless; and

– crime-related issues facing large urban centres including substance abuse andsustainable prevention responses.

PRESS RELEASE 35

The Task Force will deliver an interim report by April 2002 and a final report byDecember 2002.

Members of the Prime Minister’s Caucus Task Force on Urban Issues:

Chair: Judy Sgro, MP (York West) Vice Chair: Bernard Patry, MP (Pierrefonds-Dollard) Vice Chair: Senator Tommy Banks (Alberta)

Members: Reg Alcock, MP, (Winnipeg South) Carole-Marie Allard, MP, (Laval Est) Mauril Bélanger, MP, (Ottawa-Vanier) Senator Thelma Chalifoux, (Alberta) Stephen Owen, MP, (Vancouver-Quadra) Geoff Regan, MP,(Halifax West) Andy Savoy, MP, (Tobique-Mactaquac) Hélène Scherrer, MP, (Louis Hébert) Allan Tonks, MP, (York South-Weston) Bryon Wilfert, MP, (Oak Ridges)

PMO Press Office: (613) 957-5555

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