ABI302 Topic 1 April26

7/31/2019 ABI302 Topic 1 April26

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Information Systems Management

(ABI302)

FUNDAMENTALS

OFINFORMATION SYSTEMS


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Introduction System concepts underlie the field of Information

Systems.

Understanding system concepts will help youunderstand:

l Computer networks are systems of information

processing components.l Business uses of computer networks are really

interconnected business information systems.

FUNDAMENTALS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

I - FUNDAMENTALS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS


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Introduction (continuation) Understanding system concepts will help you

understand:

l Developing ways to use computer networks inbusiness includes designing the basic components

of information systems.

l

Managing information technology emphasizes thequality, business value, and security of an

organizations information system.

FUNDAMENTALS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS


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What is a system as it applies to theconcept of an information system?

A system is a group if interrelated components

working together toward a common goal by

accepting inputs and producing outputs in an

organized transformation process.

1 - SYSTEM CONCEPTS



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A system has three basic interactingcomponents or functions:

l Input

l Processingl Output

These functions are accomplished with

storage. It involves a device (database orspreadsheet) into which data can be entered,held and retrieved.

1 - SYSTEM CONCEPTS



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1 - SYSTEM CONCEPTS


Components of a System

Input

involves capturing and assembling

elements that enter the system to be

processed.

basically a collection of data as close as

possible to the source.


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1 - SYSTEM CONCEPTS


Components of a System (continuation)

Processing

involves transformation processes that

convert input into output.

Basically, converts data into usableinformation.


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1- SYSTEM CONCEPTS


Components of a System (continuation)

Output

involves transferring elements that have

been produced by transformation process

to their ultimate destination.

examples: printed reports, graphs on

monitors, audio, video, etc


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1- SYSTEM CONCEPTS



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2 - FEEDBACK AND CONTROL


Additional Functions of a System

Feedback

data about the performance of a system

example: Stock performance is feedback to

a broker.


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Additional Functions of a System

Control

involves monitoring and evaluating

feedback to determine whether a system is

moving toward the achievement of its

goals.


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Additional Functions of a SystemControl (continuation)

examples: enforcement of business rules

and performance monitoring.

function should produce feedback about its

input, processing, output and storageactivities.


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3 SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS


Control

Process OutputInput

System Boundary

Other Systems

Environment

Feedback Feedback


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Environment

where a system exists and functions

Subsystem

when a system is a component of a largersystem


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System Boundary

separates a system from its environment

and other systems

Interface

ashared boundary where some systems

may be connected to one another


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3 - SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS



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4 COMPONENTS OF A SYSTEM



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5 INFO. SYSTEM RESOURCES


People Resources

Hardware Resources

Software Resources Network Resources

Data Resources


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5 - INFO. SYSTEM RESOURCES


People Resources

the most important resource a business

has

End Users - people who use information

systems or the information it produces


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People Resources (continuation)

IS Specialists - people who develop and

operate information systems (System

Analysts, Programmers, Computer

Operators)


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Hardware Resources

all physical devices and materials used in

information processing which includes

machines (computers, printers, monitors)

and media (magnetic disks)


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Software Resources

All sets of information processing

instructions which includes programs

(spreadsheet, word editor, database) and

procedures (documentation and

specifications).


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Network Resources

allow computers to talk to each other.

telecommunications networks like the

Internet, intranets, extranets


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Data Resources

can take many forms:

- traditional alphanumeric

- text data

- image data- audio data


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Data Resources (continuation)

typically organized into:

- database

- knowledge base


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ControlOf System

Performance

ProcessingDataInto

Information

StorageOf Data

Resources

InputOf DataResource

OutputOf DataResource

Communications Media andNetwork Support

Network Resources


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Data vs. InformationData are raw facts or observation, typically

about physically or business transactions

while Information is data that have beenconverted into a meaningful and useful

context for specific end users.


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Business examples of the basicactivities of Information Systems:

Input of Data Resources optical scanning of bar-coded tags on

merchandise

6 - IS ACTIVITIES

II - OVERVIEW OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Processing of Data into Information

Calculating employee pay, taxes and otherpayroll deductions


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Basic Activities of IS

(continuation)

Output of Information Products

Producing reports and displays aboutsales performance

6 - IS ACTIVITIES

II - OVERVIEW OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Storage of Data Resources Maintaining records on customers,

employees and products


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Basic Activities of IS

(continuation)

Control of System Performance

Generating audible signals to indicateproper entry of sales data

6 - IS ACTIVITIES

II OVERVIEW OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

ABI302 Topic 1 April26

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Transcript of ABI302 Topic 1 April26