AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title...
-
Upload
evan-mitchell -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
4
Transcript of AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title...
![Page 1: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Instructor Leader Certification
Presenter namePresenter titleXXXXXX, 2006
![Page 2: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Name? From? (Geographic and Business)
Traffic Safety Experience
Expectations of the Course
Introductions
![Page 3: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
RestroomsEmergency ExitsSmoking PolicyEmergency ContactPhones, Beepers, E-mail AccessRefreshmentsSchedule
Introductions
![Page 4: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Course Information
40 Hour Instructor Certification Class
• Pass with at least a grade of 70% 70% Course Content Test 70% How to Drive Test 70% Presentation score Recertify every 3 years with 8 hour
course
![Page 5: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Instructor Leader Candidates
•Must have 88% or better on Instructor Certification Course
•Must be recommended and sponsored by AAA club
•Successfully complete 32 hour Instructor Leader Course
•Be observed by an experienced instructor leader
•Re-certify every three years
![Page 6: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Objectives
• Identify content and structure of the AAA Driver Improvement Program (DIP)
• Know the policies and procedures for the use of the AAA DIP
• Identify target population of the AAA DIP
• Identify the goal/objective of the Highway Transportation System (HTS)
• Define the driving task and describe the consequences of HTS failures
![Page 7: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Objectives
• Identify the need for driver training
• Define risk management and understand how to manage risk while driving
• Understand the importance of the principles of perception to the driving task
• Understand the physical, mental and emotional influences that affect driver performance
• Contrast the performance characteristics of vehicles using the HTS
• Demonstrate proficiency of classroom presentation and understanding of vehicle dynamics
![Page 8: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™ Administrative
Policies
![Page 9: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Instructor Manual
Introduction Module Summaries Instructor Certification Materials Instructional Techniques Course Materials Checklist Handouts and Quizzes Handouts and Quizzes with Answers Module Content
• Introduction Insurance/Fleet 1st Offender Mature Operator
• Seeing Insurance/Fleet/1st Offender Mature Operator
![Page 10: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Instructor Manual
Communicating
Adjusting Speed
Margin of Safety
Your Vehicle
Driving Emergencies
You the Driver
• Insurance/Fleet/Offender
• Mature Operator
![Page 11: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Program Applications
Fleet training Driver license point reduction Court/DMV referral, interdiction Insurance premium reduction Risk management Professional development
![Page 12: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Administrative Procedures and Guidelines--Defining Roles AAA National AAA Clubs Instructors AAA Foundation
![Page 13: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
AAA National
Created the DIP Updates and revises programs Standardized videos, manuals Certifies instructors and instructor leaders Coordinates with AAA clubs Helps gain recognition of program Audits certified lead instructors Safeguards use of AAA logo
![Page 14: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
AAA Clubs
Serve specific geographical areas Determine how the programs are used Can restrict use to club only Assists certifying instructors Supplies instructors with materials Coordinates with AAA National Audits Certified Instructors Safeguards use of AAA logo
![Page 15: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Instructors
Certified to present all AAA DIP programs Must meet standards Motor Vehicle Registration (MVR)
requirements Meet certification requirements Class size, current materials Advise local AAA Club of schedule Maintain records Present Driver Improvement Programs
![Page 16: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Instructors
May not use orbit or oval The statement “[instructor name] is
certified to teach AAA’s Driver Improvement Program” in print, electronic, broadcast advertising, or other forms of advertising to describe training may be used.
Present at least twice a year Recertify every three years
![Page 17: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety Separate from AAA National and
AAA clubs Research Publishes results Videos Materials
![Page 18: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Program Presentation Format
Program is flexible Generally 8 hours Can be easily adjusted to meet
company or court needs from 4 to 16 hours
Allows for increased instructor involvement
Interactive, keeps participants engaged
Allows for inclusion of new material Constantly updated No annual instructor fees
![Page 19: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Review of DIP Program Key Traffic Safety
Concepts by Module
![Page 20: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™ Introduction
Module 1
![Page 21: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Module Titles
Introduction (Risk) Seeing Communicating Adjusting Speed Margin of Safety Your Vehicle Driving Emergencies You the Driver
![Page 22: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Introduction
Populations
•Volunteers
•Mature Operators
•Traffic Offenders
•Fleet Operators
![Page 23: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Introduction
DIP Concepts
• Crash Prevention
• Specific Needs
• Breaking the Law
• Attitude Toward Participation
• Traffic Violations
![Page 24: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
The Need for Driver Improvement
2004 NHTSA report On average, police reported that a
motor vehicle crash occurs every 5 seconds.
Someone is killed in a motor vehicle related crash every 12 minutes.
Note: Data is from (FARS) Fatality Analysis Reporting System and (GES) General Estimates System
![Page 25: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
2004 Motor Vehicle Crash Data
Vehicle miles traveled – 2,962,513,000,000 (2.962 trillion)
All fatalities/100 million vehicle miles traveled – 1.44
All fatalities/100,000 population – 14.52
Aged 16-20 fatalities/100,000 population – 27.07
Note: Data is from (FARS) Fatality Analysis Reporting System and (GES) General Estimates System
![Page 26: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Odds of Traffic Situations
Events 200 per mile Decisions 20 per mile Errors 1 per 2 miles Near collisions 1 per 500 miles
![Page 27: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
The Costs—2004
6,181,000 crashes• Fatal crashes 38,253
• Injury crashes 1,862,000
• Property damage crashes 4,281,000
Total Cost: $230.6 billion
![Page 28: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Mature Operators—Age 65 or Older• Presently there are more than 36 million Presently there are more than 36 million
people over 65 in United States.people over 65 in United States.
• For the first time in U.S. history, this age For the first time in U.S. history, this age group increased at a slower rate than group increased at a slower rate than the overall population.the overall population.
• Most fatalities (82%) occurred during Most fatalities (82%) occurred during daytime.daytime.
• Most fatalities (71%) involved another Most fatalities (71%) involved another vehicle.vehicle.
![Page 29: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Multiple Cause Crashes—Driver Error
Decision Errors 76.2%•Speed, false assumption, improper
technique, inadequate defensive driving, improper maneuver, inadequate signal, tailgating, misjudgment, pedestrian, no headlights, excessive acceleration
Recognition Errors 64.2%
• Failed to stop, delays in recognition
![Page 30: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Multiple Cause Crashes—Driver Error Performance Errors 38.6%•Improper evasive action, inadequate
directional control, overcompensation, panic
Other Human Factors 4.3%
![Page 31: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Fleet Crashes Cost
$25,000 per non-injury crash $85,000 per 1 million miles traveled $110,000 per injury $53.3 billion annually
• Source, NHTSA 1995 Human Cost of Crashes Study
Fleet-crashes represent 25% of all worker compensation claims.
A comprehensive safety program can save over $50,000 for every million miles traveled.
*State of Maryland
![Page 32: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Costs Connected with Crashes
Vehicle Damage•Mechanical and body
•Vehicle downtime
Personnel Hours Lost•Investigations, review boards, hearings,
suspension, injuries/deaths, litigation, funerals
Personal Injury•Worker’s comp., medical bills, hospital
visits
Delay in Service
![Page 33: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Lower Crash Rate Benefits
Improved Vehicle Condition
Better Employee Relations
Reduced Operating Costs
Improved Vehicle Appearance
Better Driver Attitude
Lower Driver Turnover
![Page 34: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Definition of Driving
Driving a motor vehicle consists of taking skilled and properly timed actions under varying road and traffic conditions based on :•Learned information•Realistic perceptions •Sound judgments
![Page 35: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Understanding and Applying the PDA Process
Perception Decision Action
![Page 36: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
The process by which an individual receives or extracts information about the environment and attaches or assigns meaning to it.
Perception
• Before sensory impulses reach the reasoning center of the brain they take on the emotional characteristics of our values and personal needs. What we see is What we see is
filtered on the filtered on the way to our brain way to our brain by our emotions, by our emotions,
values and values and personal needs.personal needs.
In simpler words...
![Page 37: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Perception
Value elements—beliefs, attitudes, purposes, motives and interests “color’’ our perception of people and events.
As much as our values are realistic, our perceptions are realistic.
![Page 38: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Survey of Perceptions
30.4 percent of drivers feel that a crash is very unlikely. Unless a driver perceives highway driving as high-risk, it is difficult to motivate change in behavior.
Perceptions of Risk and ControlLikelihood of a crash Percent1 in 51 in 5 10.910.91 in 101 in 10 12.212.21 in 501 in 50 13.413.41 in 1001 in 100 16.516.51 in 5001 in 500 11.511.51 in 10001 in 1000 30.430.4Don’t KnowDon’t Know 5.1 5.1
Perceptions of Risk and ControlLikelihood of a crash Percent1 in 51 in 5 10.910.91 in 101 in 10 12.212.21 in 501 in 50 13.413.41 in 1001 in 100 16.516.51 in 5001 in 500 11.511.51 in 10001 in 1000 30.430.4Don’t KnowDon’t Know 5.1 5.1
“It will never
happen to me!”
![Page 39: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Survey of Perceptions
82.6 percent of drivers feel they have a lot, or almost total control of their car. Their perception is that they are at minimal risk for a crash of any kind.
Perceptions of Risk and ControlAmount of Perceived Control PercentAlmost total controlAlmost total control 37.437.4A lot of controlA lot of control 45.245.2Some controlSome control 15.115.1Very little controlVery little control 1.7 1.7
Perceptions of Risk and ControlAmount of Perceived Control PercentAlmost total controlAlmost total control 37.437.4A lot of controlA lot of control 45.245.2Some controlSome control 15.115.1Very little controlVery little control 1.7 1.7
“I’m good. Much better than the average driver!”
![Page 40: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Survey of Perceptions
Drivers who believe that risk is high, believe fault could lie with themselves. Conversely, drivers who believe risk is low are more likely to blame others, or expect bad luck.
Perceptions of Risk and ControlMost Likely Cause of a Crash PercentSomeone else’s driving error Someone else’s driving error 58.8 58.8Unavoidable bad luckUnavoidable bad luck 16.5 16.5Physical defect in car or road Physical defect in car or road 9.6 9.6My driving errorMy driving error 6.3 6.3OtherOther 6.1 6.1
Perceptions of Risk and ControlMost Likely Cause of a Crash PercentSomeone else’s driving error Someone else’s driving error 58.8 58.8Unavoidable bad luckUnavoidable bad luck 16.5 16.5Physical defect in car or road Physical defect in car or road 9.6 9.6My driving errorMy driving error 6.3 6.3OtherOther 6.1 6.1
“Nothing I could do.”
![Page 41: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Definition of Risk:
The Chance of Injury, Damage or Loss
![Page 42: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Assessing Risk When Driving
The amount of risk can seldom be determined with complete accuracy.
How would you respond?
![Page 43: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Factors to Evaluate for Better Risk Management Probability•What is the likelihood of a dangerous
event occurring?
Manageability•What is the manageability of the
dangerous event?
Consequences•Identify and consider alternative actions.
![Page 44: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Characteristics of Risk When Driving
Risk is always present
• Probability, Manageability, Consequences
![Page 45: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Characteristics of Risk When Driving Perceived risk differs from actual risk
• Probability, Manageability, Consequences
![Page 46: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Characteristics of Risk When Driving Risk is shared•Probability, Manageability, Consequences
![Page 47: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Characteristics of Risk When Driving
Risk can be altered
• Probability, Manageability, Consequences
![Page 48: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Reducing the Consequences of a Crash
Never hit head-on.
Drive off the road rather than skid off the road.
Hit something soft rather than something hard.
Hit something going your way.
Hit something stationary with a glancing blow.
Hit something stationary before hitting something coming toward you.
Steer right whenever possible.
![Page 49: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Reducing the Probability That a Dangerous Event Will Occur
Direct: Driver performance•Manipulative competence, maximizing
visibility, and vehicle performance
Indirect: Influencing behavior of other highway users
•Signaling, horn, obey traffic laws, do the expected, headlights, eye contact, position of vehicle, flashers, blind spots, reduce time of involvement
![Page 50: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Factors Affecting Decision Making and Risk Management
Laws of Learning•Recency
•Level of training
•Use
Transfer of Training•Classroom to car
•Vehicles
•Environments
Motivation•Attitudes, emotions, needs
![Page 51: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Factors Affecting Decision Making and Risk Management
Sensory Modalities•Sight, touch, movement, hearing, smell
and taste
Level of Awareness•Fatigue, physical wellness
Drugs•Over-the-counter, illicit, illegal, alcohol
![Page 52: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Seeing
Module 2
![Page 53: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Seeing
DIP Concepts
• Establishing a visual lead
• Checking to the sides
• Checking behind
• Compensating for impairments
![Page 54: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Principles of Visual Perception
Perception takes time and is selective The human is an integrated being Mental set Grouping
![Page 55: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Eye Trace--Principles of Visual Perception
Visual Habits--Scanning
3 - 4 4 - 5 6 - 7
years old years old years old
![Page 56: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Please read the statement below carefully.
“Finished file are the result of years of scientific study
combined with the experience of many”
Seeing Example
![Page 57: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Principles of Visual Perception
• Selective Search
• How many “F” did you see?3? 4? 5? 6? 7? 8? 9? 10?
Answer?
![Page 58: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Visual Search Categories
Highway
Non-Motorized Users
Motor Vehicles
Traffic Controls
![Page 59: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Visual Search Categories
* Fatals are by 100 Million Miles Traveled
Highways- 3,880,151 Miles
• Interstate highways
52,744 miles (1.3 fatalities)
• Urban streets
757,363 miles (1.8 fatalities)
• Rural highways
3,089,241 miles (3.0 fatalities)
![Page 60: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Vision Characteristics/Basic Visual Fields
![Page 61: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Vision Sightlines/Travel Paths
![Page 62: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Sightlines/Travel Path Characteristics
![Page 63: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™ Roadway
Structure
RoadwayStructure
RoadwaySurfaces
RoadwaySurfaces
RoadwayFeatures
RoadwayFeatures
AtmosphereAtmosphereIntersectionsIntersections
Types of Input
![Page 64: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Managing Visibility, Time, and Space
20-30 second visual search
12-15 second visual control zone
![Page 65: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Factors Affecting Driver’s Ability to Detect Useful Information
Speed
FatigueAge
Alcohol
OtherDrugs
![Page 66: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Stand Still (0 MPH)Stand Still (0 MPH)
30 MPH30 MPH
Visual Reductions Due to Speed
45 MPH45 MPH
60 MPH60 MPH
Field of
Field ofVisionVision
Field of
Field ofVisionVision
![Page 67: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Sources of Glare
Sources of glare:•Vehicle headlights/oncoming or following
•Dirty and/or pitted windshield
•Light colored paper on dash
•Snow or ice on ground
•Driving into the sun/morning or evening
![Page 68: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Sources of Glare
Sources of glare continued:•Flood lights
•Misaligned head lights
•Failure to dim lights in fog, rain or snow
•Flashing lights of any kind
![Page 69: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Controlling Glare
Preventive Measures:
• Keep all windows and lights clean
• Keep all objects of reflective nature off the dash
• Adjust sun visors
• Adjust mirrors: inside mirror to night driving setting, outside mirrors to enhanced setting
![Page 70: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Controlling Glare
Preventative Measures:•Wear sunglasses on sunny days
•Adjust speed to accommodate reduced visibility conditions
•Adjust seat to a higher position
![Page 71: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Visual Changes and Compensations Vision changes as we age
• Eye muscles tire easily
• Eye muscles become rubbery
• Glare recovery slows
• Field of view shrinks
• Transparency of lenses decreases
![Page 72: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Visual Changes and Compensations
Vision changes as we age• Depth perception weakens
• Pupil size is reduced
• Visual acuity diminishes Static vs. dynamic
![Page 73: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Dynamic Visual Acuity
Charleston
![Page 74: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Dynamic Visual Acuity
Interstate “destination” signs have letters 16 inches tall•At 60 mph a driver should be able to
read clearly 9 seconds away.
•If it is readable at less than 5 seconds, then the driver has less than 20/40 visual acuity.
Charleston16”
![Page 75: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Visual Changes and Compensations
Vision changes as we age
• Dynamic depth perception worsens
• Dark adaptation is poorer
• Glare sensitivity increases
![Page 76: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Techniques for Improving Night Driving Vision and Safety
Adjust speed Keep your eyes moving Look to the sides Protect your eyes
from glare Keep windshields
and headlights clean
![Page 77: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Techniques for Improving Night Driving Vision and Safety
Use headlights wisely Make it easy for others to
see you Avoid driving at your
bedtime hour Select vehicles with
automatic day/night headlights (electrochromatic)
Increase following distance at night
![Page 78: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™ Communicating
Module 3CommunicatingModule 3
![Page 79: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Communicating
DIP Concepts
• How drivers communicate with you.
• How to interpret road signs signals and markings.
• Communicating with other drivers.
• Communicating in special circumstances.
![Page 80: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Communicating
![Page 81: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Categories of Communication
Signs, Signalsand Markings
Vehic
les
HighwayEnvironment
Drivers
![Page 82: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Clues to Motor Vehicle Actions
![Page 83: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Pay Attention to Other Drivers
VISITOR
![Page 84: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Communicating to Other Drivers
![Page 85: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Traffic Signs
Red/White:
Prohibitive,Forbidden
Black/White:
Regulatory speed control
Black/White:
Regulatory signs
Yellow/Black:
General Warning
Orange/Black:
Construction Maintenance
Brown/White:
Recreation Scenic
Blue/White:
Guide
Service
Green/White:
Guide Directions
![Page 86: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Sign TypesRegulatory
Yield Signs
inverted triangle
Do Not Enter Signs
red circles on
square background
Stop Signs
eight-sided
and red
![Page 87: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Sign TypesRegulatory
![Page 88: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Sign Types Warning
Intersections
Traffic
Changes in width
![Page 89: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Sign Types Warning
Crossing
Conditions
Curves
![Page 90: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Sign TypesWarning
A merge sign warns drivers on the
freeway and those merging onto the
freeway. Both should adjust speed
and position to maintain safe flow..
![Page 91: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Sign TypesWarning--Special Shapes
![Page 92: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Sign TypesRoute Markers
![Page 93: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Shared Left Turn Lane
![Page 94: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Shared Turn Lane Reversible Lane Double Yellow
Pavement Markings
![Page 95: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™ Adjusting Speed
Module 4Adjusting SpeedModule 4
![Page 96: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Adjusting Speed
DIP Concepts• Visibility and speed
• Surface conditions and speed
• Traffic and speed
• Driving distractions
![Page 97: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Judgmental Abilities
Spatial relationshipsEstimation of speed Evaluation of roadway Prediction of other’s
actions
![Page 98: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Risk Management
Increase response time
• Vehicle placement
• Speed adjustments
Increase vehicle control• Vehicle placement
• Speed reductions
![Page 99: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Assessing the Level of Risk
Separate elements
![Page 100: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Assessing the Level of Risk
Compromise
• Resolve possible responses to a single adjustment of speed or road position.
![Page 101: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Driving when Traction is Poor
The three factors leading to loss of vehicle directional control, skidding, can be classified under one or combination of three headings. They are:•Condition of the roadway
•Condition of the vehicle
•Action of the driver
![Page 102: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
How Fast is Too Fast?
It is not how quickly you can get there if everything goes well, but rather how quickly could you respond if something goes wrong?
![Page 103: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Turning Miles Per Hourinto Feet Per Second
MPH X 1.5 = FPS•60 MPH X 1.5 = 90 feet per second
The distance from first to second base
![Page 104: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
4-5 Second Stopping Zone
60 MPH = 90 feet per second x 4 secs. = 360 feet to stop or more than a football field
![Page 105: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Stop or Steer
• 3-4 seconds following distance (minimum steering zone)
• 4-5 seconds stopping zone (minimum braking zone)
• 12-15 visual control zone
• 20-30 second scanning zone
![Page 106: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Margin of Safety
Module 5
![Page 107: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Margin of Safety
DIP concepts• Margin to the front
• Margin to the sides
• Margin to the rear
• Margins in special circumstances
![Page 108: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
A Margin of Safety
Ahead...Sides...Behind...Between
Visibility, Time and Space
![Page 109: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Non-Motorized Users
Expect to be challenged
![Page 110: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
3 to 4 Second Minimum Following Distance
Measure between two fixed objects
3 seconds at lower speeds and heavy traffic
![Page 111: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Response Time
Factors Affecting Reaction Time• Age
• Fatigue
• Inattention
• Medication
• Drugs/Alcohol
• Emotions
• Visibility
![Page 112: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Reaction Time
Average .5Average .5
Range .2 to .9Range .2 to .9
Average 2.5Average 2.5
Range 1 to 7Range 1 to 7
Simple (motor response)
Complex (mental process)
![Page 113: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Passing at Different Speeds
Passing Vehicle 40 MPH
Vehicle Being Passed 30 MPH Oncoming Vehicle 40 MPH
0 2 5 10 15 19 19 15 10 5 0 Seconds
0 500 1000 1500 1710 2000 2500 3000 3500 Ft
0 2 5 10 13 13 10 5 0 Seconds
0 500 780 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 Ft
Passing Vehicle 60 MPH Oncoming Vehicle 60 MPHVehicle Being Passed 50 MPH
![Page 114: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Passing Larger Vehicles
Oncoming Vehicle 60 MPH
Passing Vehicle 60 MPH Vehicle Being Passed 50 MPH
Crash at 24-26 seconds
0 2 5 10 15 20 25 Seconds
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 Ft
![Page 115: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™ Your Vehicle
Module 6Your VehicleModule 6
![Page 116: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Your Vehicle
DIP Concepts• Pre-drive check
• Occupant protection
• Vehicle operation
• Safety technology and techniques
![Page 117: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Pre-Drive Check
Fluids Body damage Tires Debris
![Page 118: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Tire Inflation and Vehicle Control
For best control inflate tires to vehicle manufacturer’s recommended maximum
![Page 119: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Driver Seat Position
![Page 120: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Occupant Protection
Head 23 inches Chest 16 inches Pelvis 14.5 inches
Movement of belted occupant in 30 MPH crash
Based on 150-180 lb. male data
![Page 121: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Occupant Protection
Seatbelts save lives
Over 54% of fatalities were not wearing seat belts
![Page 122: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Occupant Protection
Wear lap belt low and snug on hips
Shoulder belt should cross over shoulder
![Page 123: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Occupant Protection
Everyone buckles up
Children under 13 ride in back
![Page 124: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Occupant Protection
Infant to 1 year and 20 pounds•Rear facing
Over 1 year and up to 40 pounds •Must be in an approved
child seat 4 to 8 years and up to 80
pounds •Should be in an
appropriate booster seat
![Page 125: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Myths
Ejection Fire and immersion Protect a child by holding on your lap Move away from point of impact
![Page 126: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Control and Information Devices
1
5
9
13
17
2
6
10
14
18
3
7
11
15
19
4
8
12
16
![Page 127: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Control and Information Devices
20
24
28
32
36
21
25
29
33
37
22
26
30
34
38
23
27
31
35
![Page 128: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Motor Vehicles
Vehicle Attributes
• Airbags
• Seatbelts
• Safety glass
• Power seats
• Color
• Size
• Head restraints• Door locks• Antilock brakes• Radial tires• Tinted windows• Daytime running
lights
• Electrochromatic mirrors
• GPS
• Traction control
• Night vision device
• Telematics
![Page 129: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Over a 15 Year PeriodVehicle Maintenance Data
Problem Defective Percent
Battery 27,135 20.4%
Lights 31,962 24.1%
Emissions 33,168 25.0%
Drive Belts 38,446 28.9%
Fluids 39,406 29.7%
Tires 56,168 42.2%
![Page 130: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Driving Emergencies
Module 7
![Page 131: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Driving Emergencies
DIP concepts
• Mechanical failure
• Refueling safety
• Off-road recovery
• Loss of traction
![Page 132: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Off-Road Recovery
Ease off accelerator and Stay Off the Brake•Why ease off accelerator?
•Is it OK to brake if vehicle has ABS on all four wheels?
Hold steering wheel firmly
![Page 133: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Off-Road Recovery
Line vehicle up with, and 12-to-18 inches from, road edge•What could happen if driver allows tires to scrub against road
edge?
Check oncoming and following traffic
![Page 134: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Off-Road Recovery
If traffic is clear, the shoulder is relatively smooth and the difference between the pavement and the shoulder is no more than four inches, return to pavement two wheels at a time. Turn steering wheel 1/8 to 1/4 of a turn back toward pavement.
![Page 135: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Off-Road Recovery
Why is it important to immediately counter-steer as the front tire touches the pavement edge?
Why not return all four wheels to the pavement in one movement?
![Page 136: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Off-Road Recovery
As front off-road tires touch the pavement, immediately counter-steer 1/4 to 1/2 turn and immediately back to center steer. Repeat steering procedure if all four wheels were off road.
![Page 137: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Skid Control
![Page 138: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Natural Forces Affecting Driving
Friction/adhesion Gravity Inertia
Kinetic energy Impact
![Page 139: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Three Stages of Traction
Static Rolling Sliding
![Page 140: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Suspension System and Vehicle Control
The tire with the least amount of weight will most likely lock up and skid
Importance of good shocks
![Page 141: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Vehicle Suspension Balance
Over 50% of occupant fatalities occur as a result of single vehicle crashes
Crashes involve improper steering or braking
Vehicle suspension balance – distribution of vehicle weight or the chassis
![Page 142: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Maintaining Vehicle Balance
Driver seating position/driver hand position
Changing vehicle load
![Page 143: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Vehicle Traction
![Page 144: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Courtesy of Goodyear and ADS
Vehicle Balance (Tire Patch)at Rest or No Acceleration
![Page 145: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/145.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Courtesy of Goodyear and ADS
Changing Vehicle Balance Front to Rear (Tire Patch), Acceleration Straight Ahead,. 3G
![Page 146: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/146.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Courtesy of Goodyear and ADS
Changing Vehicle Balance Rear to Front (Tire Patch), Braking Straight Ahead, .3G
![Page 147: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/147.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Courtesy of Goodyear and ADS
Changing Vehicle Balance to the Sides (Tire Patch), No Acceleration, .3G
![Page 148: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/148.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Braking Distance
Threshold Braking Technique
Antilock Braking System
Stabbing/Jabbing Brake Method
Locked Brake Method
Traditional Pumping Method 180-200
150-180
120-130
110-120
BRAKING
DISTANCE
@ 60 mph
Dry, level surface comparisons
130-150
![Page 149: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Skid Control
Look and steer where you want to go
Do not shift to neutral, steer, threshold brake
![Page 150: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/150.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Push-Pull Steering: 8 & 4 or 7 & 5
Push-Pull Techniques1) Push up while the
other hand slides up
2) Pull down while the
other hand slides down
3) Return to original position
![Page 151: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/151.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Reducing Consequences of a Collision Safety belts and airbags Locate and secure loose
articles Anti-lock brakes (ABS) Head restraints Locked doors
When a collision is inevitable and you have a choice, select an impact with the least consequences
![Page 152: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/152.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Range Exercise Schematics, Layout / Description
Figure eight
Blocked lane
Serpentine
![Page 153: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/153.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Practical Application
Purpose of range exercise• Steering
• Braking
• Visual target Range etiquette• Headlights
• Seat belts
• Riders
• Cone replacement Range set-up
![Page 154: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/154.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Figure Eight Exercises
Push-Pull SteeringIn this exercise the student will experience the comfort and control of the push-pull steering method.
Look and SteerStudents will be coached to look in the direction they would like the car to go.
Brake in a CurveStudents will experience weight transfer as well as the effects of understeer and oversteer.
![Page 155: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/155.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Figure Eight
Figure 8• Push-pull steering
• Look and steer
• Brake in curve
• Understeer / oversteer
180’
100’40’
40’
10’
40’
![Page 156: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/156.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Blocked Lane Exercise
Steering vs. Braking Students will evaluate the effectiveness of a one-second steering maneuver as opposed to a four-second stopping maneuver to avoid collisions.
Separate Brake and SteerStudents will experience increased car control by completing their steering maneuver prior to applying the brakes.
Also incorporates the learned skills:• Steering
• Look and steer
![Page 157: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/157.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
• Steering• Steering vs. Braking• Vision/Searching• Separate Brake and Steer
10’10’
10’
’
45’45’ 100’
190’
Blocked Lane30’
![Page 158: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/158.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Serpentine Exercise
Steering
Demonstrates effectiveness of the lower hand grip position and its value in emergency evasive maneuvers.
Weight Transfer
Students will experience the effects of lateral (side-to-side) weight transfer.
![Page 159: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/159.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
• Steering• Weight Transfer
70’ 45’ 45’ 45’
295’
45’ 45’
Total distance of range exercise
Serpentine
![Page 160: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/160.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Recommended Range Equipment Sixty (60) 18” to 24” cones One (1) 100’ tape measure Marking chalk Safety zone orange vests
(1 for each person) Cooler with water Two-way radio
![Page 161: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/161.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
You, the Driver
Module 8
![Page 162: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/162.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
You, the Driver
DIP Concepts• Alcohol facts
• Other drugs (illegal or
illicit)
• Fatigue
• Emotions
![Page 163: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/163.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Do they all pack the same punch?
![Page 164: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/164.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Alcohol per Serving
12 ounce beer 1-12 ounce beer x 4.8% = .58 ounces of pure alcohol
4 ounce glass of wine 4 ounce glass of wine x 12% = .48 ounces of pure alcohol
1 ounce shot of 80 proof alcohol 1 ounce shot of whiskey x 40% = .40 ounces of pure alcohol
12 ounce wine cooler 1-12 ounce wine cooler x 5% = .60 ounces of pure alcohol
They are not all the same!!!
![Page 165: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/165.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Alcohol:
It’s a stimulant It has nutrients It increases mental and
physical ability Same amount of alcohol
effects everyone the same way
Any will cause bodily injury
There are ways to quickly sober up
It is a depressant It has calories It decreases mental and
physical ability Same amount affects
individuals differently Excessive amounts
cause injury Time is the only way to
sober up
The Myths The Facts
![Page 166: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/166.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Alcohol: In/Out
Factors:
• Gender, Weight, Consumption, Time
![Page 167: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/167.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Elimination Rate
ABSORPTION > ELIMINATION >
BAC
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1
STOPSDRINKING –
1:30
.16 = PEAK – 2:00
.08 = INTOXICATED
LEGALLY – 7:30
.05 = IMPAIRED – 9:30
Elimination = .015% per hour
![Page 168: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/168.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Alcohol and Your Brain
When drinking rate exceeds elimination rate, brain becomes sedated
• Sequence of mental growth
Vital functions
Muscle control
Higher learning center
• Progression of alcohol’s sedative effects
Higher learning center
Muscle control
Vital functions
![Page 169: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/169.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Alcohol: Three Defenses
Consumption Rate Time Food
![Page 170: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/170.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Alcohol: Probability of a Collision .00 BAL= 1/1 Collision Risk
.10 BAL= 7/1 Collision Risk
.15 BAL= 25/1 Collision Risk• 33% of all traffic fatalities are at .15 or
more.
![Page 171: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/171.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Where the Law Draws the Line
Legally Sober
Weakened Inhibitions
Emotional Instability
Mental Confusion
![Page 172: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/172.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Alcohol: The Law
Admin Per Se Law•Immediate license suspension
.08 and above (some states still at .10)
Implied Consent• Agreed to test on license application
Some states have teen zero tolerance– Teen or CDL holder
» .00 .02 .04
![Page 173: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/173.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Drugs: Categories
Non-Prescription
Prescription
Illegal or Illicit
![Page 174: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/174.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Drugs: Types
Stimulants
Hallucinogens
Depressants
Narcotics
![Page 175: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/175.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Temporary Illness
Headache
Allergies
Cold/Flu
![Page 176: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/176.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Depressants
Alcohol (booze)
Analgesics (pain pills)
Anti-diabetics (sugar medicine)
Barbiturates (downers)
Sedatives (ludes)
![Page 177: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/177.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Hallucinogens
Cannabis (pot)
Lysergic Acid (LSD/acid)
Mescaline and Peyote (mesc)
Phencyclidine (PCP)
Inhalants (fumes)
Psilocybin (shrooms)
![Page 178: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/178.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Stimulants
Amphetamines (speed)
Caffeine (soft drinks/chocolate/coffee)
Nicotine (tobacco)
![Page 179: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/179.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Narcotics
Cocaine (crack/coke)
Opiates (codeine/heroin/morphine)
Designer Drugs (Ecstasy/XTC)
![Page 180: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/180.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Fatigue
Weariness from labor (physical) or stress (mental).
![Page 181: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/181.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Fatigue: Types
Normal• Circadian rhythms
Sleepiest between 12pm-6am and 1pm-3pm
Mental• Types
Fatigue caused by disease• Types
![Page 182: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/182.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Fatigue: Physical Symptoms
• Tired muscles
• General bodily sensations
• Sleepiness
• Tired feeling in head
• Pains in back and head
• Pain and soreness in muscles
• Stiffness in joints
• Swelling of hands and feet
![Page 183: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/183.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Fatigue: Mental Symptoms
• Inability to keep fixed attention
• Impaired memory
• Failure to grasp new ideas
• Difficulty in reasoning
![Page 184: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/184.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Fatigue: How Do You Delay It? Avoid long drives Avoid leaning forward Change drivers Keep eyes moving Adjust temperature Avoid anger
![Page 185: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/185.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Stop for a Rest
![Page 186: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/186.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Emotions: Road Rage
Understand your own emotions Identify situations that upset you Plan trips Expect others to make mistakes Do not underestimate the other drivers
capacity for mayhem
![Page 187: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/187.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Road Rage
Emotions are contagious Direct emotions to actions not
individuals Delay driving when upset Unwind Ask someone else to drive
![Page 188: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/188.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Road Rage Tips
Do not make eye contact with an aggressive driver
Do not make obscene gestures Use your hour sparingly and
specifically Do not block the passing lane Do not switch lanes without signaling Use turn signals all the time
![Page 189: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/189.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Road Rage Tips
Avoid blocking the right-hand turn lane
Do not take more than one parking space
If you are not disabled, do not park in a disabled space
Do not allow your door to hit the parked car next to you
Do not tailgate
![Page 190: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/190.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Road Rage Tips
If you travel slowly, pull over and allow traffic to pass
Avoid unnecessary use of high beam headlights
Do not stop in the road to talk with pedestrians or other drivers
Do not inflict loud radio or music on neighboring cars
Do not let the car phone distract you
![Page 191: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/191.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Facilitation of the Class
AAA Driver Improvement Program
Teaching Methods
![Page 192: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/192.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Overview
What is it? How it’s done! Selection and planning factors Organizing discussion Conducting a guided discussion
![Page 193: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/193.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
How It’s Done!
Instructor MUST carefully plan the lesson to reach the desired learning outcomes.
Students share information, experiences and opinions with each other.•The flow of communication is a transaction
among all the students – not a recitation!
![Page 194: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/194.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Selection and Planning Factors
Lesson objectives Group size Time available Instructor personality Establishing a common base for
discussion Use of a problem Planning the room arrangement
Proper selection of the following factors contributes to the success of your class.
![Page 195: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/195.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Lesson Objectives
Use guided discussion for more complex cognitive and affective objectives.•Group discussion promotes the
understanding of concepts and the development of problem solving skills.
Effective for subjects with a low degree of consensus among authorities.•Through discussion, students begin to
understand the controversy and differing points of view.
![Page 196: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/196.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Lesson Objectives
Needs of students•If students need to develop critical
thinking skills, guided discussion is perfect.
Effective for changing students attitudes and their behavior.•When students make a public
commitment in a discussion, they are more apt to follow through with a change in behavior.
![Page 197: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/197.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Time Available
Be aware of group size in relation to amount of class time.•As group size increases, so should
discussion time.
Each student should have enough time to discuss their positions.
![Page 198: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/198.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Instructor Personality
Key to success is flexibility!Instructor must: •Adapt to students.
•Have confidence in ability to use questions well.
•Keep track of arguments and scattered points.
•Follow twists and turns of discussions.
![Page 199: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/199.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Establish a Common Base for the Discussion
Students need to have at least a basic knowledge level on a discussion topic.•Lectures, programmed texts, films all
provide basic knowledge.
Guided discussions should be based on material in that block of instruction.
![Page 200: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/200.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Use of a Problem
Providing students with a problem enables them to sustain a worthwhile discussion.
Should not use a case study – this is too complex!
![Page 201: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/201.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Planning the Room Arrangement
Circular arrangement is best.•No one is placed in a position of
dominance.
•Each member can establish direct eye contact with each of the other members.
![Page 202: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/202.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Organizing the Guided Discussion
Introduction
Development
![Page 203: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/203.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Introduction
Attention Motivation Overview steps•Pinpoint topic of discussion.
•Show visually – handouts, whiteboard, overhead.
•Define terms or concepts.
![Page 204: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/204.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Development
Lead-off Question•Calls for definition of a concept.
“How would you define risk?”
•Focus on attributes of a concept. “What behaviors signal that someone is
intoxicated?”
•Rephrase principle into “how” or “why.” “Why is managing risk important?”
•Based on a key supporting point. “Describe why picture A has a high level of
risk.”
![Page 205: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/205.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Development
Follow-up Questions•Ensure that characteristics, examples,
and non-examples of the concept are developed.
•Use questions with “how,” “why,” and “what effect.”
Do not use for knowledge level facts.
![Page 206: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/206.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Development
Anticipated Responses (AR)•Make a list of AR from students.
This forces the instructor to think about possible answers that students will give.
Example: List student responses on an overhead while teaching. This records the information for later use, and it prompts more discussion.
![Page 207: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/207.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Development
Transitions•Good transitions review the key points
just covered, remind the students of the central idea, and introduce the next point.
Planned Summaries•Comprehensive summaries occur after
each main point.
•Develop primarily from student contributions.
![Page 208: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/208.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Development
Conclusion•Remotivation
•Closure
•Summarize
•Offer additional support materials Examples, statistics or expert
testimony
![Page 209: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/209.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Conducting a Guided Discussion
Avoid biasing the discussion
Avoid encouragement of yielding
Avoid withholding crucial information
Avoid sticking to a dead topic
Controlling Questioning Summarizing Know when to
intervene Deal with non-
participation Deal with hurt
feelings
![Page 210: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/210.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Controlling
You define your role•Limit yourself to questioning, clarifying,
probing, and summarizing.
•Judge quickly and accurately when intervention is necessary.
•Lines of communication should flow among students.
![Page 211: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/211.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Questioning
Leadoff Questions•Give students time to respond.
•Ask one question at time.
•Ask open-ended question.
Spontaneous Questions•Can help to get class back on track.
•Used to seek clarification or to probe for more information.
![Page 212: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/212.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Summarizing
Occurs after discussion of main points. Use ideas developed from the group which
support achievement of your objectives. Introduce support material.
Avoid crediting students by name for their contributions or making quality judgments about various responses.
![Page 213: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/213.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Knowing When to Intervene
If discussion goes off topic, briefly summarize and ask a spontaneous or follow-up question to get back on track.
If a pause is too long•Students may be confused.
•The question was not clear.
•Students have nothing to add.
![Page 214: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/214.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Knowing When to Intervene
Students may state an error•Allow other students to help correct the
error.
•Ask a probing question.
•Ask student to clarify.
Do not let the error stand!
![Page 215: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/215.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Knowing When to Intervene
Fallacies•Black and white
Students may be divided on two extremes of an issue.
•Stacking the evidence Students distort or arrange facts in a special
way.
•Misuse of an analogy Should not be used to prove a point.
•Hasty generalization Generalizations made with insufficient
evidence.
![Page 216: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/216.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Dealing with Non-participation
Tolerate silences Rephrase a question Make new comments, then ask a new
question Focus on the quiet students•Ask direct or relay questions.•Tie the ideas from quiet students to other
ideas, and refer back to them frequently.
Positive reinforcement encourages non-participants to join the discussion.
![Page 217: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/217.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Dealing with Hurt Feelings
Rule personal attacks out of order. Instructor should behave in a rational and
non-emotional way to criticisms of their own ideas.
Sarcasm and ridicule have no place
in a guided discussion!
![Page 218: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/218.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Avoid Biasing the Discussion
Instructors have influential power in the classroom.•Be careful that students are not
conforming to what the instructor wants.
•Using your own opinions may force students into agreement.
![Page 219: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/219.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Avoid Encouragement of Yielding
Encourage minority points of view.
Do not insist on unanimity of opinions.•You don’t want students to agree just to
settle the matter.
![Page 220: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/220.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Avoid Withholding Crucial Information
Do not use your own expertise if your only goal is to enhance your own image.
Only use when the group will profit from it.
![Page 221: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/221.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Avoid Sticking to a Dead Topic
A dead topic is one which no longer helps to achieve the learning objective.
Signs of a dead topic:•Long periods of silences
•Repetition of points
•Boredom
•Inattention
![Page 222: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/222.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Evaluating the Discussion
Ask questions like•“Did the students have the required
knowledge to discuss the topics?”
•“Should the reading assignments be changed?”
•“What were the lines of communication?”
Formal evaluations come from tests.
![Page 223: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/223.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Improving Instructional Technique
![Page 224: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/224.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Improving Instruction
Plan and be prepared
Apply adult learning concepts
Teach to all learning styles
Effective use of visual aids
Use facilitator checklist
![Page 225: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/225.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Types of Learning
Domains of learning
• Psychomotor
• Cognitive
• Affective
Training requires all three domains
![Page 226: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/226.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Types of Learners
Imaginative
Analytical
Practical
Dynamic
![Page 227: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/227.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Lesson Map
Instructional planning Introduction Attention Motivation Overview Instructional content Conclusion
![Page 228: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/228.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Instructional ContentPersonal Preparation
Objectives
• Learned capability
• Condition
• Standard
Instructor guide (IG)
• Personalize
Additional training aids
![Page 229: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/229.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Delivery
Body language
• Eye contact
• Gestures
• Pacing
Instructor voice
• Tone
• Conversational
![Page 230: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/230.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Time Management
Importance Introduction and conclusion Questions and interruptions The unexpected Lesson filler
![Page 231: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/231.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Lecture
Demonstration – Performance
Guided Discussion
Facilitation
Types of Presentation
![Page 232: AAA Driver Improvement Program™ Instructor Leader Certification Presenter name Presenter title XXXXXX, 2006.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110402/56649e2c5503460f94b1aefa/html5/thumbnails/232.jpg)
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
AA
A D
rive
r Im
pro
vem
ent
Pro
gra
m™
Pro
gra
m™
Please Remember
Complete all paperwork
Visit instructor web site
Collaborate with local club
Familiarize yourself with the order process
Keep records up to date