A3_B3_Lets Model the Way 1

LET’S STAR THE WAY! 1 P2/P3/P4 YU NENG PRIMARY SCHOOL

MDM SITI NURAISHAH & MR SHAWN YEO

To better support our children in the

Learning of Mathematics

FOCUS How the model method is used to develop pupils’

understanding of mathematical concepts and proficiency in solving word problems.

We will begin with basic model drawing concepts and progress to more advanced problem solving

techniques to solve higher-order problems at P3 and

P4 using the STAR approach.

Model Drawing A problem – solving TOOL

• Helps students visualize the situations involved so that they are able to construct relevant equations

• Helps students gain a deeper understanding of the operations they may use to solve problems

• Instead of relying on keywords and superficial features, it helps students see the relationship

between and among the variables in the problem

Choose the strategies suited to your child’s level of understanding.

Concrete-Pictorial-Abstract

The Model Approach

(1) 33 more than 12 is ____________.

12

?

33

33+12 = 45

33 more than 12 is 45.

3 3

+ 1 2 -----------

_ 4 5___

Step 1 Study the question carefully

Step 2 Think of a plan

Step 3 Act on my plan

Step 4 Reflect and check

STAR Math

Classification

• Part-Whole Model • Comparison Model

Gradual progression in difficulty

(2) Sammy had 68 marbles. He won 15 marbles in a game. How many marbles did he have after the game?

1. Study the

problem

- Sammy had 68 marbles

- He won 15 marbles in a game


2. Think of a plan to solve the problem

- How many marbles does Sammy have at first?

- What happened next? What does winning 15 marbles mean?

- What is the ‘focus’ of the question?

- What can you do to solve the question?

?

68 + 15

= 83


He had marbles after the game.

68 had

15 won

83

3. Act on your plan

83 - 15 = 68


4. Reflect on your answer

(3) There are 62 pink flowers and 98 yellow flowers in a garden. Farmer Yap puts 109 white flowers into the garden. How many flowers are there in the garden now?

1. Study the

problem

- There are 62 pink flowers and 98 yellow flowers

- Farmer Yap puts 109 white flowers into the vase

(3) There are 62 pink flowers and 98 yellow flowers in a garden. Farmer Yap puts 109 white flowers into the garden. How many flowers are there in the garden now?


- How many types of flowers are there at first?

- What happened next?

- How many types of flowers are there now?

- What can you do to solve the question?

- How can you show your thinking by drawing model?

(3) There are 62 pink flowers and 98 yellow flowers in a garden. Farmer Yap puts 109 white flowers into the garden. How many flowers are there in the vase now?

?

= 269

98 + 109 62 +

62

pink

98

yellow

109

white

There are flowers. 269

3. Act on your plan

(3) There are 62 pink flowers and 98 yellow flowers in a garden. Farmer Yap puts 109 white flowers into the vase. How many flowers are there in the vase now?

= 109


269 - 62 - 98

36 - 20 = 16

(4) Dan had 36 marbles. He gave 20 marbles to his friend. How many marbles had he left?

36

20 ?

He had left. 16 marbles

gave left

35 + 21

= 56

35

?

21

left

(5) Mother gave John some money. John spent $35 on a dictionary and had $21 left. How much money did Mother give John?

Dictionary

Mother gave John $56.

(6) Danial has 100 stamps. Siti has 20 more stamps than Danial. How many stamps does Siti have?

100 + 20

Danial

Siti

100 100 20

?

= 120

Siti has 120 stamps.

(7) Ethan has 100 stamps. He has 20 more stamps than Sally. How many stamps does Sally have?

100 - 20

Ethan

Sally

20

?

= 80

Sally has 80 stamps.

100

(8) Fred has 128 stamps. Gloria has 10 more stamps than Fred. How many stamps do they have altogether?

Fred

Gloria

128 128 10

?

They have 266 stamps altogether.

128 + 10 = 138

Number of stamps Gloria had =

138 + 128 = 266

If our child can understand the concepts, he will be able to work out the answer using the

correct strategy

1. Equal concept 2. Comparison concept 3. Difference concept 4. Multiple concept 5. Difference & Multiple concepts 6. Making-A-Whole concept 7. Before-After concept 8. Parts-&-Units concept 9. Comparison Fractions concept 10.Use Model Approach & make inferences 11.Use Model Approach & Part-Whole concept 12.Use Model Approach & changing Ratio concept 13.Use Model Approach & Guess & Check strategy 14.Use Model Approach & Replacement Concept

P2 to P4

Parts-&-Units concept Comparison Fractions concept Use Model Approach & make inferences Use Model Approach & Part-Whole concept Use Model Approach & changing Ratio concept Use Model Approach & Guess & Check strategy Use Model Approach & Replacement Concept

Equal Concept

(9) 14 + ______ = 29

14 ?

29

Equal Concept

(10) 29 - ______ = 16

29

?

29 – 16 = 13

16

?

Comparison Concept (11) In a fund-raising project, Responsibility 3-1 collected $516 more than Responsibility 3-2. Responsibility 3-1 collected $1 874. How much money did Responsibility 3-2 collect?

Re 3-1

Re 3-2

1 874

516 ?

Responsibility 3-2 collected $1 358.

1874-516

= 1358

Difference Concept (12) Mrs Lim bought a bag and two similar books for $40. The bag cost $16 more than the book.

Find the cost of the book.

1 bag

1 book

1 book

16

40

40 – 16 = 24

1 unit = 24 3 = 8 The book cost $8.

3 units = 24

Multiple Concept (13) Ann is twice as old as Bill. Carol is three times as old as he is. If their total age is 30 years old, how old is Bill?

Bill

Ann

Carol

30

1 unit = 30 6 = 5 Bill is 5 years old.

6 units = 30

Difference & Multiple Concepts

(14) Joseph sold twice as many oranges as Larry. Peter sold 25 more oranges than Larry. If they sold 45 oranges altogether, how many oranges did Peter sell?

1. Study the

problem

- Joseph sold twice as many oranges as Larry - Peter sold 25 more oranges than Larry - They sold 85 oranges altogether




- Who has twice? How many units does Larry have?

- Did Peter sell 25 oranges? How many oranges did Peter sell?

- What does ‘sold 85 oranges’ mean?




Larry

Joseph

Peter

45

1 unit = 20 4 = 5

25

45 – 25 = 20

Peter sold 30 oranges. 5 + 25 = 30

3. Act on your plan



Larry

Joseph

Peter

45

25

30 – 25 = 5 (L)

5 x 2 = 10 (J)

5 + 10 + 30 = 45


Making-A-Whole Concept (15) Jane collected three times as many stickers as Karen. Gina collected 21 stickers less than Jane. The three girls collected 112 stickers altogether. How many stickers did Karen collect?

Karen

Jane

Gina

112

1 unit = 133 7 = 19

21

7 units = 112 + 21 = 133

Karen collected 19 stickers.

+ 21

Before-After Concept (16) Ali had 3 times as many books as Eva. After Eva had bought another 60 books, she had twice as many books as Ali. How many books did Ali have?

1. Study the

problem

- Ali had 3 times as many books as Eva - After Eva had bought another 60 books, she had twice as many books

as Ali



- Who has 3 times? How many units does Eva have?

- What did Eva do? What happened after she bought additional

books? Did Ali buy additional books?

- Who has more books now? How do you know?



Ali

Eva

Before

Ali

Eva

After

60 5 units = 60

1 unit = 60 5 = 12 3 units = 12 x 3 = 36 Ali had 36 books.

3. Act on your plan


Ali

Eva

Before

Ali

Eva

After

60


36 ÷ 3 = 12 12 + 60 = 72 36 x 2 = 72

KNOWLEDGE IS THE KEY TO

SUCCESS

• YNPS website @ www.yunengpri.moe.edu.sg

• Parents’ Portal (Password: ynpp)

http://www.yunengpri.moe.edu.sg/

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A3_B3_Lets Model the Way 1

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