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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 1

IDEAL LOCATIONS

Field fortifications

Bridges

Walls

Buildings

Dams

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 2

CRITICAL FACTORS

1. Size of charge

2. Shape of charge

3. Placement and tamping of charge

NOTE: The metal in reinforced concrete

is not cut by breaching charges.

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 3

BLOCK CHARGES

P = R3 KC

Hasty Calculation

METHODS OF CALCULATING

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 4

BREACHING FORMULA

P = Lbs of TNT

R = Breaching radius in feet

K = Material factor 

C = Tamping factor 

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 5

R R

External Internal

Round up to next1/2 foot

Round up to next1/4 foot

Values of "R"

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 6

VALUES OF "K"

Material Breaching Radius (R) K 

Earth All Values 0.07

Poor masonry, Less than 1.5 m (5 ft) 0.32

Shale,

Hardpan, 1.5 m (5 ft) or more 0.29

Good timber,

Earth construction

Good masonry, 0.3 m (1 ft) or less 0.88

Concrete block, Over 0.3 m (1 ft) to less than 0.9 m (3 ft) 0.48

Rock 0.9 m (3 ft) to less than 1.5 m (5 ft) 0.40

1.5 m (5 ft) to less than 2.1 m (7 ft) 0.32

2.1 m (7 ft) or more 0.27

Dense concrete, 0.3 m (1 ft) or less 1.14

First-class masonry Over 0.3 m (1 ft) to less than 0.9 m (3 ft) 0.62

0.9 m (3 ft) to less than 1.5 m (5 ft) 0.52

1.5 m (5 ft) to less than 2.1 m (7 ft) 0.41

2.1 m (7 ft) or more 0.35

Reinforced concrete 0.3 m (1 ft) or less 1.76

First-class masonry Over 0.3 m (1 ft) to less than 0.9 m (3 ft) 0.96

0.9 m (3 ft) to less than 1.5 m (5 ft) 0.80

1.5 m (5 ft) to less than 2.1 m (7 ft) 0.63

2.1 m (7 ft) or more 0.54

Table 3-5. Material factor (K) for breaching charges

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 7

VALUES OF "C"

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 8

NUMBER OF CHARGES

N = W

N = Number of charges

W = Width of target2R = 2 X breaching radius

* Less that 1.25 use 1 charge

* 1.25 to 2.49 use 2 charges

* 2.5 or greater round off tothe nearest whole number 

2R

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 9

Table 3-1

Breaching charge thickness*

Charge Weight(pounds)

Chargethickness

(inches)Less than 5 1

5 to less that 40 2

40 to less than 300 4

300 or more 8

NOTE: If using TNT, use approximate thickness

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 10

PROBLEM

Calculate the amount of explosives to rubblethis dense concrete wall. Use TNT andground placed, untamped charges.

10'

6'

40'

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 11

SOLUTIONStep 1. 40'W 6'R dense concrete TNT

Step 2. P=R KC=6x6x6x.41x3.6 = 318.81 lbs TNT

3

Step 3. N/A

Step 4. 318.81 lbs 319 pkgs TNT

Step 5. N = W = 40 = 3.3 3charges

2R 12Step 6. 319 x 3 = 957 pkgs TNT

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 127'

70'

PROBLEMCalculate the amount of explosive required tobreach 4 poor masonrywalls using M1 dynamite

ground placed and untamped.

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 13

SOLUTION

Step 1. 70'W 7'R poor masonary M1ground placed, untamped

Step 2. P=R KC=7x7x7x.29x3.6 = 358.09 lbs TNT

3

Step 3. 358.09 = 389.22 lbs dynamite.92

Step 4. 389.22 = 778.44 779 sticks dynamite.5

Step 5. N = W = 70 = 5 x 4 walls = 20 charges2R 14

Step 6. 779 x 20 = 15580 sticks dynamite

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 14

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 15

Table 3-7. Conversion factors for materialother than reinforced concrete

MaterialConversion

Factor 

Earth 0.1

Ordinary masonaryHardpanShaleOrdinary concreteRock

Good timber Earth construction

Dense concreteFirst class masonary

0.5

0.7

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 16

PROBLEM

Calculate the amount of C-4 required torubble a dense concrete falling block

obstacle 4' square and 30' wide.

* Use: Ground placed untampedHasty calculation

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 17

SOLUTION

Step 1. 30'W 4'R dense concrete C-4ground placed untamped, hasty

Step 2. From Table 3-5 111 pkgs x .7from Table 3-6 = 77.7 pkgs C4

Step 3. N/A

Step 4. 77.7 78 pkgs C-4

Step 5. N = W = 30 = 3.75 4charges

2R 8

Step 6. 78 x 4 = 312 pkgs C-4

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 18

PROBLEM

Calculate the amount of C4 requiredto rubble a dense concrete wall5' thick and 60' wide.

* Use: Elevated untamped

Hasty Calculation

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 19

SOLUTION

Step 1. 60'W 5'R dense concrete, C4elevated untamped, hasty

Step 2. From Table 3-5 85 pkgs x .7 fromTable 3-6 = 59.5 pkgs C4

Step 3. N/A

Step 4. 59.5 pkgs 60 pkgs C4

Step 5. N = W = 60 = 6 charges2R 10

Step 6. 60 x 6 = 360 pkgs C4

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 20

COLUMNS

CUBES

Cubes or rectangles:4' or less in thicknessand width (not walls)

COUNTERFORCE CHARGESIZE: 1 lb of C-4 per foot of concrete1/2

PLACEMENT: Charges should be diametrically opposed

DETONATION: Charges must detonate simultaneously

Round up to the next 1/2 foot

Columns: 4' or less

in diameter or thickness

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 21

PROBLEM

Calculate the minimum amountof C-4 (M112) required to breach80 concrete cubes, 3' thick.

3'

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 22

SOLUTION

Step 1. 3'cubes, concrete, C4, 80 ea counterforce

Step 2. 3 x 1 1/2 lbs per ft = 4.5 lbs explosive

Step 3. N/A

Step 4. 4.5 = 3.6 4 pkgs C-4

1.25

Step 5. 80 cubes = 80 charges

Step 6. 80 x 4 = 320 pkgs C-4

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 23

PROBLEM

Calculate the minimum amount of packages of M118 sheet explosiverequired to breach 50 cylinders,4' in diameter.

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 24

SOLUTION

Step 1. 4'dia., 50ea. cylinders, M118 pkgs,counterforce

Step 2. 1 1/2 lbs per foot x 4 feet = 6 lbs explosives

Step 3. N/A

Step 4. 6 = 12 sheets M118

.5

Step 5. 50 cylinders = 50charges

Step 6. 50 x 12 = 600 sheets

600 = 150 pkgs M118 (sheet)4

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B03 Slide # 25

BREACHING

HARD-SURFACEPAVEMENT

Pavement6" Thick

 A. One pound of explosive for each 2" of pavement thickness

B. Tamping is twice as thick as pavement

EXAMPLE

1. 6" - 2" = 3 x 1lb = 3 lbs explosive per charge..

2. 6" x 2 = 12" tamping per charge

Tamping