A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline OptimisationIntroduction Acceptance Diagrams J. Carpenter, D. Mildner,...
Transcript of A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline OptimisationIntroduction Acceptance Diagrams J. Carpenter, D. Mildner,...
A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation
Phil Bentley
European Spallation Source & Uppsala University
18th February, 2016
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 1 / 36
Introduction
Acceptance Diagrams
J. Carpenter, D. Mildner,J. Copley, L. CussenIf you want tounderstand neutronoptics, you have to readthis work
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 2 / 36
Introduction
Acceptance Diagram Shading
Monte-Carlo tends to beslow for high-resolutionworkRay-tracing could bereplaced by some rastermethod?This idea published2009, but borrowed frommuch older work incomputing
POVRAY
HALF LIFE 2Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 3 / 36
Introduction
Acceptance Diagram Shading — Source
Guide entranceparallelogram is definedby bounding values
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 4 / 36
Introduction
Acceptance Diagram Shading — Propagation &Guides
Propagating beam is ashear operation oncorner points — veryfast!Reflected componentsare reflected twice —require subdivisionfunctions in codeNow we need toattenuate the reflectedpart by the reflectivity
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 5 / 36
Introduction
Acceptance Diagram Shading — Attenuation
Idealistic reflectivitycurveWeighted phase spacejust like Monte-Carlocodes
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 6 / 36
Introduction
Acceptance Diagram Shading — SANS Benchmark
SANS agreement is verygoodMore information inacceptance diagrams
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 7 / 36
Introduction
Acceptance Diagram Shading — Spin Echo & TASBenchmark
Again, agreement withMonte-Carlo is verygood
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 8 / 36
Introduction
Acceptance Diagram Shading
It can be very fastIt is monochromaticIf you like writing XML, launch software by typing, and go by thename of “Phil”, it’s highly intuitiveUsed on:
ILL — on H5 conceptual design beam extraction (WASP, THALES,D22, IN15 etc)ANSTO — On NBI2 project for cold guide upgrades, BILBYinstrumentESS — Rapid concept exploration, first design on NMX guides,parameter space boundariesBentley & Andersen, NIMA 602 (2009) 564
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 9 / 36
Introduction
Curved Guide Transmission
D. Mildner — NIMA 290(1990) p.189
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 10 / 36
Introduction
Curved Guide Transmission
Analytical study ofcurved guide phasespace
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 11 / 36
Introduction
Curved Guide Transmission
Analytical study ofcurved guide phasespaceCan calculate veryquickly the transmissionof the systemNo Monte-Carlo needed!Now have a verypowerful way to exploreparameter space
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 12 / 36
Introduction
Curved Guide Transmission
In fact you can write afunction of: w , λ, L, R, mGet a spreadsheet ofcosts from vendors whotrust you(!)Now you can write a(secret) function thatinstantly gives you theprice and performanceof guides(Plus some tweaking formulti-channel benders)
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 13 / 36
Introduction
Shielding Costs
Get a shopping list of shielding costs:Concrete — standard rate from construction workersLead — London Metal ExchangeSteel — engineer’s priceT0 chopper — talk to chopper teamHeavy shutter — Design & engineering deptLight shutter — One “standard price” (=20,000 british-euro-dollars)
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 14 / 36
Introduction
Shielding Costs
Now we canout-bean-count thebean-counters!
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 15 / 36
Introduction
But First This... A Standard Guide
Divergence defined forλmin, λopt w/ optimisedfocussing (fully analytic)Phase space matchingfor zig-zag reflections(fully analytic)Const. sectioncurved/bender in middle(fully analytic)Compression expansionphase space matched(fully analytic)Paper in draft...
Source Detector
Sample
Beam extraction: Focus-defocus system
Straight part: Filtering of unwanted radiation Low m coating
Focusing part: Adapted to the sample size and its environment
Source Detector
Sample
Beam extraction: Focus-defocus system
Straight part: Filtering of unwanted radiation Low m coating
Focusing part: Adapted to the sample size and its environment
Source Detector
Sample
Beam extraction: Focus-defocus system
Straight part: Filtering of unwanted radiation Low m coating
Focusing part: Adapted to the sample size and its environment
Source Detector
Sample
Beam extraction: Focus-defocus system
Straight part: Filtering of unwanted radiation Low m coating
Focusing part: Adapted to the sample size and its environment
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 16 / 36
Introduction
Reference Suite Instruments
3 groups of instrumentsλ ≥ 4Åλ ≈ 2 Åλ ∼ 1 Å
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 17 / 36
Introduction
Long Reference Suite Instruments
2 groups of instrumentsλ ≈ 2 Åλ ∼ 1 Å
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 18 / 36
Introduction
Curved Guide for 150 m 1Å
Line of sight lost within75 metresm = 1.5width = 4 cmR = 17580 mAnother iteration may beneeded for one or twoinstruments
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 19 / 36
Introduction
Bender for 150 m 1Å
Line of sight lost within25 metresm = 3.0width = 4 cmchannel = 0.5cmnchannels = 8R = 1250 mCost = 1.5 Me
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 20 / 36
Introduction
Bender for 150 m 2Å
Line of sight lost within25 metresm = 2.5width = 4 cmchannel = 2.0cmnchannels = 2R = 1250 mCost = 350 ke
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 21 / 36
Introduction
Other Instruments
Can do the same thingfor other lengths,wavelengths etc.
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 22 / 36
Cost Analysis
Standardised Guide Systems of Different Lengths
Total costs for curvedguides are lower thanstraight guides.Using benders to loseline of sight in thebunker does not look tobe cost-effective at thisstage.Gains are roughlyproportional in eachcase, so a suite costcomparison is not tooinaccurate...
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 23 / 36
Cost Analysis
Potential Savings
Baseline = optics asproposed by scientists“Standard” = straightguides allowed, reducedspecs on optics“Curved” = no straightguides allowed“Bender” = Get out ofline of sight within 20metres (bunker).Total savings up to 24Me.
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 24 / 36
Cost Analysis
Master of Puppets
Genetic algorithm-basedsolutionMinimises backgroundeffects in previous slideAvoids mechanicalinterferencesUses standard methodsto find solution
Tournament selectionlogarithmic scoringStandard GAparameters work verywell
Used in Phase 2 toallocate beamports
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 25 / 36
Cost Analysis
Beam Port / Layout
Each 12-port sector has(n − 1)! ≈ 40,000,000possible instrumentarrangementsVariations in backgroundsensitivity & cross-talk,moderator spectralbrightness, A2Tbackground, spallationbackground ∝ θAdd in chopper overlaps,shutters, walls, vacuumvessels
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 26 / 36
Cost Analysis
Master of Puppets
Genetic algorithm-basedsolutionMinimises backgroundeffects in previous slideAvoids mechanicalinterferencesUses standard methodsto find solution
Tournament selectionlogarithmic scoringStandard GAparameters work verywell
Used in Phase 2 toallocate beamports
radius5
radius10
radius15
radius20
radius25
radius30
radius35
radius40
radius45
radius50
radius55
ESTIA
EMPTY2
EMPTY5
EMPTY
ODIN
SKADI
FUND
FREIA
EMPTY4
LOKI
EMPTY3
VOR
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 27 / 36
Cost Analysis
Master of Puppets
North Sector
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 28 / 36
Cost Analysis
Master of Puppets
East Sector
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 29 / 36
Cost Analysis
Master of Puppets
West Sector
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 30 / 36
Cost Analysis
Wolter Optics
Mildner & Gubarev, NIMA 634(2011) S7Can correct opticalabberations and create analmost ideal beam
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 31 / 36
Cost Analysis
Hybrid Guides
Elliptic Guides are not opticallyperfect systemsCan improve the divergenceby combining elliptic andparabolic sectionsBentley et al, NIMA 693(2012), 268
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 32 / 36
Cost Analysis
Selene Optics
Developed at PSI by JochenStahn et alTo me, this is the logicalconclusion of an almostperfect beamPoint-to-point imaging withhigh quality optical devicesPrototype built (and works!) atPSIOne of the first ESSinstrumentsStahn et al, arXiv:1102.2747
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 33 / 36
Cost Analysis
Acknowledgements
Just scratched thesurface4 years of research intoneutron backgrounds,signal-to-noise etc.Many thanks to DavidMilner, Shane Kennedy,Erik Iverson, MichaelFitzsimmonds, TakuSato, Thomas KristAlso Uwe Filges,Emmanouela Rantsiou,Jochen Stahn, KenHerwig, Chris Frost &Matt Fletcher
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 34 / 36
Cost Analysis
Neutron Optics and Shielding Group
Phil BentleyDoug DiJulioDamian MartinRodriguezCarolin ZendlerNataliia CherkashynaCarsten Cooper JensenValentina SantoroStuart AnsellStudents:
Ellen BrydevallJohn StenanderHanna Björgvinsdottir
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 35 / 36
Cost Analysis
Thank You
Thank You For Your Attention
Phil Bentley (ESS/Uppsala) A Whirlwind Tour of Beamline Optimisation 18th February, 2016 36 / 36