A. Web - Khmer Civilization & Empire.pdf

7/27/2019 A. Web - Khmer Civilization & Empire.pdf

1/13

pdfcrowd comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API

Wel com e Gu est Login Register

Ex plore the Map News & Stories Ancient Forum I mage Library Latest V ideos

Ancient CambodiaThe city of A nkgor Wat is one of the worlds great

cultural archeological sites and was once the

pinnacle of the great Khmer Empire

NAMERICA

America

Canada

Guatemala

T H E A N C I E N T K H ME R C I V I L I Z A T I O N

Home Explore The Map of the Ancient World Ancient Cambodia

Perha s no other ruins s mbolize

Explore Ancient Ca m bodia Comm ents (0)

SEARCH SITE

T O P C O U N T R I ES
http://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Mexicohttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Mexicohttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explorehttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explorehttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/globalhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/globalhttp://www.ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Cambodiahttp://www.ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Cambodiahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/globalhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/globalhttp://pdfcrowd.com/http://pdfcrowd.com/redirect/?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.ancientweb.org%2findex.php%2fexplore%2fcountry%2fCambodia&id=ma-131029160713-ac0073bchttp://pdfcrowd.com/customize/http://pdfcrowd.com/html-to-pdf-api/?ref=pdfhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/globalhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/user/loginhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/user/registerhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explorehttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/newshttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/global/ancientforumhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/global/libraryhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/news/latestVideoshttp://www.facebook.com/theAncientWebhttp://twitter.com/#!/TheAncientWebhttp://www.ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Cambodiahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Americahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Canadahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Guatemalahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Mexicohttp://www.ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/index.phphttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explorehttp://www.addthis.com/bookmark.php?v=250&pub=gsventureshttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Mexico


2/13


SAMERICA

Argentina

Brazil

Chile

Peru

EUROPE

Denmark

England

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

Hungary

Ireland

Italy

Netherlands

Norway

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Russia

Scotland

Spain

Sweden

N E A R E A S T

Arabia

Armenia

Israel

Iraq

Bust o f Hevajra, An gkor

period, late 12thearly 13th

century

the breath taking beauty of the

Ancient World more the the

Temples of Angkor Wat, in

modern day Cambodia. These

ruins form the center of what was

once a very powerful Khmer

empire that covered much of

South East Asia. In the 19th

century, when French explores

first saw they many sided temples

with the faces of gods staring back

to them from the roots of fig trees,

they left a lasting impression of

what was then an unknownculture. These evocative images

stared back at them across several

centuries, being described as cities

created by gods. Current

excavation are only now revealing

to us the immensity and architectural sophistication in one of the first

Hindu Empires ever established. The Khmer people are in many ways

the ancestors of today's Cambodian people, and it is with great pride

that after years of neglect that there is a renewed interest in preserving

one of the grates architectural legacies left to us from the ancient world

before they once again succumb to the ravages of nature and time.

Tailor made tour Vietnam

The Civil izations of

A nci en t Mesoamerica

7 Comments | 338113 views

A nci en t Per u

The A ncient World of

the Andes


A nci en t Indi a

The Ancient

Civilizations of India


A nci en t Engl and

The Ancient Cultures

of Brita in


A nci en t Egy pt

The Ancient

Egypt ian World


A nci en t Per sia

The An cient Persian

Empire


A nci en t Net her land sThe A ncient History

of Hollan d


A nci en t Ch in a

The An cient Chinese

Civilization

http://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Mexicohttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Persiahttp://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/aclk?sa=L&ai=CVVrybBVwUrv_NJDY0AGM1YGQBfnMjccG4dCGm58BwI23ARABIP-VhBZQt6CZ1Pz_____AWDJjqqKpKTEEcgBAakCIzR57QUOyj2oAwHIA9MEqgSeAU_Q2VAjGBDCMKPSqE_uU7aSaeVCB_j3fzvYnUbXH_gq5uWhkEU81i8eMktMm8HhDyCvSU_vaKTbYEgoWRjD6t66BYUuT-Te9r5Rwc4rF9Fe-1_jVarcLQeZ75rIs7sTPhtxtqDkWZfstp61ZX44C8tqIQCLx8Z3MqHbmr5RXtrMLxEJcLrsOfcrewqX5i2l9f6DkG90AXGYg-HEVEN6gAeB_qtF&num=1&sig=AOD64_0i7qaRzfWu2rqxPZuu6oAYmM8ohg&client=ca-pub-2567188726942717&adurl=http://www.travelauthenticasia.com/build-your-trip.aspxhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Mexicohttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Mexicohttp://pdfcrowd.com/http://pdfcrowd.com/redirect/?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.ancientweb.org%2findex.php%2fexplore%2fcountry%2fCambodia&id=ma-131029160713-ac0073bchttp://pdfcrowd.com/customize/http://pdfcrowd.com/html-to-pdf-api/?ref=pdfhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Mexicohttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Argentinahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Brazilhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Chilehttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Peruhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Denmarkhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Englandhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Finlandhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Francehttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Germanyhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Greecehttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Hungaryhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Irelandhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Italyhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Netherlandshttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Norwayhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Polandhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Portugalhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Romaniahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Russiahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Scotlandhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Spainhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Swedenhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Arabiahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Armeniahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Israelhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Iraqhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Persiahttp://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/aclk?sa=L&ai=CVVrybBVwUrv_NJDY0AGM1YGQBfnMjccG4dCGm58BwI23ARABIP-VhBZQt6CZ1Pz_____AWDJjqqKpKTEEcgBAakCIzR57QUOyj2oAwHIA9MEqgSeAU_Q2VAjGBDCMKPSqE_uU7aSaeVCB_j3fzvYnUbXH_gq5uWhkEU81i8eMktMm8HhDyCvSU_vaKTbYEgoWRjD6t66BYUuT-Te9r5Rwc4rF9Fe-1_jVarcLQeZ75rIs7sTPhtxtqDkWZfstp61ZX44C8tqIQCLx8Z3MqHbmr5RXtrMLxEJcLrsOfcrewqX5i2l9f6DkG90AXGYg-HEVEN6gAeB_qtF&num=1&sig=AOD64_0i7qaRzfWu2rqxPZuu6oAYmM8ohg&client=ca-pub-2567188726942717&adurl=http://www.travelauthenticasia.com/build-your-trip.aspxhttp://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/aclk?sa=L&ai=CVVrybBVwUrv_NJDY0AGM1YGQBfnMjccG4dCGm58BwI23ARABIP-VhBZQt6CZ1Pz_____AWDJjqqKpKTEEcgBAakCIzR57QUOyj2oAwHIA9MEqgSeAU_Q2VAjGBDCMKPSqE_uU7aSaeVCB_j3fzvYnUbXH_gq5uWhkEU81i8eMktMm8HhDyCvSU_vaKTbYEgoWRjD6t66BYUuT-Te9r5Rwc4rF9Fe-1_jVarcLQeZ75rIs7sTPhtxtqDkWZfstp61ZX44C8tqIQCLx8Z3MqHbmr5RXtrMLxEJcLrsOfcrewqX5i2l9f6DkG90AXGYg-HEVEN6gAeB_qtF&num=1&sig=AOD64_0i7qaRzfWu2rqxPZuu6oAYmM8ohg&client=ca-pub-2567188726942717&adurl=http://www.travelauthenticasia.com/build-your-trip.aspxhttp://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/aclk?sa=L&ai=CVVrybBVwUrv_NJDY0AGM1YGQBfnMjccG4dCGm58BwI23ARABIP-VhBZQt6CZ1Pz_____AWDJjqqKpKTEEcgBAakCIzR57QUOyj2oAwHIA9MEqgSeAU_Q2VAjGBDCMKPSqE_uU7aSaeVCB_j3fzvYnUbXH_gq5uWhkEU81i8eMktMm8HhDyCvSU_vaKTbYEgoWRjD6t66BYUuT-Te9r5Rwc4rF9Fe-1_jVarcLQeZ75rIs7sTPhtxtqDkWZfstp61ZX44C8tqIQCLx8Z3MqHbmr5RXtrMLxEJcLrsOfcrewqX5i2l9f6DkG90AXGYg-HEVEN6gAeB_qtF&num=1&sig=AOD64_0i7qaRzfWu2rqxPZuu6oAYmM8ohg&client=ca-pub-2567188726942717&adurl=http://www.travelauthenticasia.com/build-your-trip.aspxhttp://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/aclk?sa=L&ai=CVVrybBVwUrv_NJDY0AGM1YGQBfnMjccG4dCGm58BwI23ARABIP-VhBZQt6CZ1Pz_____AWDJjqqKpKTEEcgBAakCIzR57QUOyj2oAwHIA9MEqgSeAU_Q2VAjGBDCMKPSqE_uU7aSaeVCB_j3fzvYnUbXH_gq5uWhkEU81i8eMktMm8HhDyCvSU_vaKTbYEgoWRjD6t66BYUuT-Te9r5Rwc4rF9Fe-1_jVarcLQeZ75rIs7sTPhtxtqDkWZfstp61ZX44C8tqIQCLx8Z3MqHbmr5RXtrMLxEJcLrsOfcrewqX5i2l9f6DkG90AXGYg-HEVEN6gAeB_qtF&num=1&sig=AOD64_0i7qaRzfWu2rqxPZuu6oAYmM8ohg&client=ca-pub-2567188726942717&adurl=http://www.travelauthenticasia.com/build-your-trip.aspxhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Mexicohttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Peruhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Indiahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Englandhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Egypthttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Persiahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Netherlandshttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/China


3/13


Pers a

Turkey

A F RI CA

Egypt

Ethiopia

Nigeria

South Africa

Tunisia

A SI A

Cambodia

China

India

Indonesia

Japan

Korea

Thailand

Tibet

OCEANIA

Australia

New Zealand

Philippines

A View of Angkor Wat,

perh aps th e m ost fam ous

of South East Asian Ruins

Khmer Civilization & Empire

The country which is today called

Cambodia is only a small fractionof the vast Khmer Empire that

contro lled much of Indo-China

from the ninth to the 1 3th century

AD. At its height, the Khmer

Empire consisted of today 's

Cambodia, Laos, most of southern

Vietnam and Thailand, as well as

some of the Malay peninsula. From

the time of Jayav arman II (c. AD

800 - AD 850) to the mid-15th

century, the Khmer Empire was

known as the Kingdom of Kambuja,

after the legendary first-centur y founder o f the first Cambodian kingdom of

Funan, the Indian Brahmin Kambu. It is in this earliest Cambodian kingdom

that Cambodian people see their real ro ots. The English word `Cambodia' is

derived from this name

From around A D 55 0 to A D 800, the Kingdom of Chenla ruled some o f thelands that would become the Khmer Empire. In this text the lands in question

will b e referred to as Funan and Chenla up to the re ign o f Jay av arman II.

From then on, they will generally be referred to as the Khmer Empire or

Kambuja. Cambodia will also be used, referring both to the Khmer empire,

and to the smaller kingdom which the French dominated in the 1 9th and 20th

centuries.

The beginning of the Khmer or A ngkor civ ilization takes place during the

. .

Build your trip with your own style Grea t exp rience on yourown budget

A nci en t Ch il e

The Ancient Cultures

of Patagonia


A nci en t Gre ece

The A ncient Aegean

World


OUR SPONSORS

You r support keeps the

An cie nt We b runnin g!
http://pdfcrowd.com/http://pdfcrowd.com/redirect/?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.ancientweb.org%2findex.php%2fexplore%2fcountry%2fCambodia&id=ma-131029160713-ac0073bchttp://pdfcrowd.com/customize/http://pdfcrowd.com/html-to-pdf-api/?ref=pdfhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Persiahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Turkeyhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Egypthttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Ethiopiahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Nigeriahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/SouthAfricahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Tunisiahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Cambodiahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Chinahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Indiahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Indonesiahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Japanhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Koreahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Thailandhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Tibethttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Australiahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/NewZealandhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Philippineshttp://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/aclk?sa=L&ai=CVVrybBVwUrv_NJDY0AGM1YGQBfnMjccG4dCGm58BwI23ARABIP-VhBZQt6CZ1Pz_____AWDJjqqKpKTEEcgBAakCIzR57QUOyj2oAwHIA9MEqgSeAU_Q2VAjGBDCMKPSqE_uU7aSaeVCB_j3fzvYnUbXH_gq5uWhkEU81i8eMktMm8HhDyCvSU_vaKTbYEgoWRjD6t66BYUuT-Te9r5Rwc4rF9Fe-1_jVarcLQeZ75rIs7sTPhtxtqDkWZfstp61ZX44C8tqIQCLx8Z3MqHbmr5RXtrMLxEJcLrsOfcrewqX5i2l9f6DkG90AXGYg-HEVEN6gAeB_qtF&num=1&sig=AOD64_0i7qaRzfWu2rqxPZuu6oAYmM8ohg&client=ca-pub-2567188726942717&adurl=http://www.travelauthenticasia.com/build-your-trip.aspxhttp://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/aclk?sa=L&ai=CVVrybBVwUrv_NJDY0AGM1YGQBfnMjccG4dCGm58BwI23ARABIP-VhBZQt6CZ1Pz_____AWDJjqqKpKTEEcgBAakCIzR57QUOyj2oAwHIA9MEqgSeAU_Q2VAjGBDCMKPSqE_uU7aSaeVCB_j3fzvYnUbXH_gq5uWhkEU81i8eMktMm8HhDyCvSU_vaKTbYEgoWRjD6t66BYUuT-Te9r5Rwc4rF9Fe-1_jVarcLQeZ75rIs7sTPhtxtqDkWZfstp61ZX44C8tqIQCLx8Z3MqHbmr5RXtrMLxEJcLrsOfcrewqX5i2l9f6DkG90AXGYg-HEVEN6gAeB_qtF&num=1&sig=AOD64_0i7qaRzfWu2rqxPZuu6oAYmM8ohg&client=ca-pub-2567188726942717&adurl=http://www.travelauthenticasia.com/build-your-trip.aspxhttp://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/aclk?sa=L&ai=CVVrybBVwUrv_NJDY0AGM1YGQBfnMjccG4dCGm58BwI23ARABIP-VhBZQt6CZ1Pz_____AWDJjqqKpKTEEcgBAakCIzR57QUOyj2oAwHIA9MEqgSeAU_Q2VAjGBDCMKPSqE_uU7aSaeVCB_j3fzvYnUbXH_gq5uWhkEU81i8eMktMm8HhDyCvSU_vaKTbYEgoWRjD6t66BYUuT-Te9r5Rwc4rF9Fe-1_jVarcLQeZ75rIs7sTPhtxtqDkWZfstp61ZX44C8tqIQCLx8Z3MqHbmr5RXtrMLxEJcLrsOfcrewqX5i2l9f6DkG90AXGYg-HEVEN6gAeB_qtF&num=1&sig=AOD64_0i7qaRzfWu2rqxPZuu6oAYmM8ohg&client=ca-pub-2567188726942717&adurl=http://www.travelauthenticasia.com/build-your-trip.aspxhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Chilehttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Greecehttp://www.ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Cambodiahttp://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/aclk?sa=l&ai=Csad9bBVwUoi_NszW0AGf3IHYCcjkjZIEwM6NvDuml53ofRABIP-VhBZQxMfo9ANgyY6qiqSkxBGgAeDrtv8DyAECqAMByAPRBKoEqAFP0LMWPeQjp9P4KFbGnlhCnFl9HY27NXigfZvfihVMSZzhELv2AXSXGxKJiQGXwoaohx0Op9Xr5L5GE8gzGZNOSgztkwhNjYXejlaqhogW7k3HOVTl-KhqOPd-Bm1R2hh2Go0gwl3Xu2aYgrNWMd2jGPjijHpp7Pys9xgWhYv5pn2VBYPjo2qRT5gavsCxKChGUcxS5i_MhMkOjFhBZvqhqPd3JtCAnv2gBgKAB4iUSQ&num=1&sig=AOD64_2WADOQUo9p8dWAJLedli7dOsmQ5w&client=ca-pub-2567188726942717&adurl=https://www.issaonline.edu/issa-info/display/http://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/aclk?sa=l&ai=Csad9bBVwUoi_NszW0AGf3IHYCcjkjZIEwM6NvDuml53ofRABIP-VhBZQxMfo9ANgyY6qiqSkxBGgAeDrtv8DyAECqAMByAPRBKoEqAFP0LMWPeQjp9P4KFbGnlhCnFl9HY27NXigfZvfihVMSZzhELv2AXSXGxKJiQGXwoaohx0Op9Xr5L5GE8gzGZNOSgztkwhNjYXejlaqhogW7k3HOVTl-KhqOPd-Bm1R2hh2Go0gwl3Xu2aYgrNWMd2jGPjijHpp7Pys9xgWhYv5pn2VBYPjo2qRT5gavsCxKChGUcxS5i_MhMkOjFhBZvqhqPd3JtCAnv2gBgKAB4iUSQ&num=1&sig=AOD64_2WADOQUo9p8dWAJLedli7dOsmQ5w&client=ca-pub-2567188726942717&adurl=https://www.issaonline.edu/issa-info/display/


4/13


period from 802 to 1 431 A.D. It stretched at its apogee, up to the Thailand-

Burma border in the West and Wat Phou of Laos in the Nort h. It appe ared that

owing to the ancient Khmer rulers, that they strengthened unity between

peoples with a good political doctrine and the development of an intelligent

irrigation system, which allowed the control water of the Mekong River for

agriculture and so began an age of prosper ity. This Empire slowly

deterior ated during five centurie s. But still, the Khmer Civilization left some

fabulous and exce ptional monuments (like Angkor Wat and Bayo n Khmers

temples), as well as a numerous sculptures and car vings in stone.

The ancient Khmers

wer e gr eat masters o f

stone carving and we

can see the evidences

of this in v arious

Angko r te mples that

extended on the large

plain of Siem Reap up

to outside of

Cambodian border to

the Preah Vihear at

Dangrek mountain,

Phnomrung and Phimai

in Thailand and Wat

Phu in Laos. These

temples were made up

patiently during

centuries by Khmer

artisans, and the effort

to realize such efforts

required a tremendous

workforc e. This was in

sharp contradiction

with the nor mal and
http://pdfcrowd.com/http://pdfcrowd.com/redirect/?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.ancientweb.org%2findex.php%2fexplore%2fcountry%2fCambodia&id=ma-131029160713-ac0073bchttp://pdfcrowd.com/customize/http://pdfcrowd.com/html-to-pdf-api/?ref=pdfhttp://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/aclk?sa=l&ai=Csad9bBVwUoi_NszW0AGf3IHYCcjkjZIEwM6NvDuml53ofRABIP-VhBZQxMfo9ANgyY6qiqSkxBGgAeDrtv8DyAECqAMByAPRBKoEqAFP0LMWPeQjp9P4KFbGnlhCnFl9HY27NXigfZvfihVMSZzhELv2AXSXGxKJiQGXwoaohx0Op9Xr5L5GE8gzGZNOSgztkwhNjYXejlaqhogW7k3HOVTl-KhqOPd-Bm1R2hh2Go0gwl3Xu2aYgrNWMd2jGPjijHpp7Pys9xgWhYv5pn2VBYPjo2qRT5gavsCxKChGUcxS5i_MhMkOjFhBZvqhqPd3JtCAnv2gBgKAB4iUSQ&num=1&sig=AOD64_2WADOQUo9p8dWAJLedli7dOsmQ5w&client=ca-pub-2567188726942717&adurl=https://www.issaonline.edu/issa-info/display/http://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/aclk?sa=l&ai=C0OdDbRVwUu-uBPHP0AHC1oH4Ds3o9IIGnaunp4MB0LfD8k8QASD_lYQWUN-Nr88FYMmOqoqkpMQRoAHT_PzeA8gBA6kCSzBrGrcJhj6oAwHIA9EEqgSpAU_QCJ59KG6qZ4NKYcpjQXGSW2dwkmjNlzmB8whAniRMEPj0lPsY9SDD7wSDuvW3Ljf-TAy3BPjORJAoC2F8RQ58CEAl7fXt4FpaqwJTkCJP_PGBFePikn3Vs41Rw5_YSkKL7h07KcAZvAjjSpFqyv0B1MkE4_gJ1Avas5UsZzCOTQcBz-fGedoQfBnVQdgrs1sE0-55l4RhXFVlEVtIqp1WMec5AsOmHBKgBgOAB5WDgyE&num=1&sig=AOD64_33anE04nhrOFi6ACyVPHP8WVP1tw&client=ca-pub-2567188726942717&adurl=http://www.tidebuy.com/c/Prom-Dresses-4354/http://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/aclk?sa=l&ai=C0OdDbRVwUu-uBPHP0AHC1oH4Ds3o9IIGnaunp4MB0LfD8k8QASD_lYQWUN-Nr88FYMmOqoqkpMQRoAHT_PzeA8gBA6kCSzBrGrcJhj6oAwHIA9EEqgSpAU_QCJ59KG6qZ4NKYcpjQXGSW2dwkmjNlzmB8whAniRMEPj0lPsY9SDD7wSDuvW3Ljf-TAy3BPjORJAoC2F8RQ58CEAl7fXt4FpaqwJTkCJP_PGBFePikn3Vs41Rw5_YSkKL7h07KcAZvAjjSpFqyv0B1MkE4_gJ1Avas5UsZzCOTQcBz-fGedoQfBnVQdgrs1sE0-55l4RhXFVlEVtIqp1WMec5AsOmHBKgBgOAB5WDgyE&num=1&sig=AOD64_33anE04nhrOFi6ACyVPHP8WVP1tw&client=ca-pub-2567188726942717&adurl=http://www.tidebuy.com/c/Prom-Dresses-4354/


5/13


Map Showing the Khmer

Em pire at its heigh t in th e

13th Century

easy life of the Khmer

people and villagers of

their time.

For historians and

archaeologists, it is not easy to do a detailed study of Khmer civilization.

Most of the writing, found after the excavation of Angkor, was carved in the

stones, which have deteriorated over centuries. They are important evidence

to understanding the basic constituency of Khmer society and itschronology. They relate principally to religious rituals, king's praises and

literature o f such I ndian epics as the " Ramayana " and " Mahabharata ". There

is not much written on the subject of the ordinary life of the local people who

made up the bulk of Khmer society.

It is owing to a Chinese A mbassador Zhou Daguan, who live d in the middle of

13th c entury during the Y uan dynasty , that we have our be st accounts of the

Khmer Empire. He traveled to Angkor, lived with people and explored the

empire during one y ear. He wrote viv idly about the people living in the

empire, and his formal accounts do shed some knowledge of this period.

Angko r Wat represented the c enter of Khmer civ ilizat ion. It is situated on the

plain of Siem Reap prov ince north of the Great Lake of Tonle Sap. All along

Khmer history, the throne were often desired by neighboring states, which

often resulted in some v iolent bloodshe d. Different suc cessiv e kings built a

different c apital, as in the Angkor Wat and Ruolos secto r, with some names

like Hariharata, Y asodharapura, Jay endanagari, Angkor Thom and a lot of

other unknown names among the list of kings.

In the Khmer society, hierarchy was peaked by the God-King, surrounded by

Brahmans tutors and the membe rs of his royal family. The priests who liv ed

in the temples were also p owerful and controlled the ir own lands and paddy

fields. Often times roy al patrons would help the building projec ts, and many

of the names of donors were writte n in the stones in each temple. Here is

where we lear n that they wer e no ble men or high dignitar ies respo nsib le fo r

the administrative and judiciary tasks. These writings shed some light on the

Under founding of

denmark the picture

of a statue is not gorm

the old, but holger

danske/ ogier the

dane.

Holger Danske is

normally regarded as a

Danish national

symbol. He is first

mentioned in

literature as one of the

French king

Charlemagnes

warriors in La

Chanson de Roland

from around 1060. In

this Chanson he is

L A T E S T C O M ME N T S
http://pdfcrowd.com/http://pdfcrowd.com/redirect/?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.ancientweb.org%2findex.php%2fexplore%2fcountry%2fCambodia&id=ma-131029160713-ac0073bchttp://pdfcrowd.com/customize/http://pdfcrowd.com/html-to-pdf-api/?ref=pdfhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Denmarkhttp://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/aclk?sa=l&ai=C0OdDbRVwUu-uBPHP0AHC1oH4Ds3o9IIGnaunp4MB0LfD8k8QASD_lYQWUN-Nr88FYMmOqoqkpMQRoAHT_PzeA8gBA6kCSzBrGrcJhj6oAwHIA9EEqgSpAU_QCJ59KG6qZ4NKYcpjQXGSW2dwkmjNlzmB8whAniRMEPj0lPsY9SDD7wSDuvW3Ljf-TAy3BPjORJAoC2F8RQ58CEAl7fXt4FpaqwJTkCJP_PGBFePikn3Vs41Rw5_YSkKL7h07KcAZvAjjSpFqyv0B1MkE4_gJ1Avas5UsZzCOTQcBz-fGedoQfBnVQdgrs1sE0-55l4RhXFVlEVtIqp1WMec5AsOmHBKgBgOAB5WDgyE&num=1&sig=AOD64_33anE04nhrOFi6ACyVPHP8WVP1tw&client=ca-pub-2567188726942717&adurl=http://www.tidebuy.com/c/Prom-Dresses-4354/http://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Denmark


6/13


One of the many faced

tem ples in Angkor Wat,

depicting the Hindu God

s ory o mer c v za on, u or s or ans s s cu o now a

complete list of the Angkor Empire society hierarchy.

The Khmer Civilization economy was based principally on agriculture, the

majority of people was farmers or peasants and some of the less wealthy of

them was fastened to large landowners or of the temp les.

The lowest hierarchy of the Khmer Civilization was reserved for the slaves

who belonged at temp les . Interestingly the ir names are the ma jor ity of the

names inscribed on the sto nes. Being that their names were kep t in a holy

place, this has led some historians to think they could not have been the low

class slaves as the wo rd " slave " implies. It is possible that te mples serv ants

and priests were " Gods slave s " and not meant to be owned b y any human

being. Slaves were mo stly capture d in the neighbo ring co untries, b ut Khm er

people themselv es co uld fall in the lowest status and being a " slave " if they

failed to pay their rents or loans to the upper ruling class.

Ankgor Wat Temples

The temples of Angkor, built by the Khmer

civilization between 802 and 1220 AD,

repre sent one o f humankind's most

astonishing and enduring architect ural

achievements. From Angkor the Khmer

kings ruled over a vast domain that

reache d from Vietnam to China to the Bayof Bengal. The structures one se es at

Angko r to day , mo re than 100 sto ne

temples in all, are the surviving remains of

a grand religious, social and administrative

metropolis whose other buildings -

palaces, public buildings, and houses -

wer e built of wo od and ar e lo ng since

called Oger le Danois,

his name being the

only link to Denmark.

In the later epos La

Chevalerie dOgier de

Danemarche (1200-

1215) he is portrayed

as the main character

and is described as a

son of the Danish king

Gudfred (d. 810), an

enemy of

Charlemagne.

His first appearance in

Nordic literature is in

the saga

Karlemagnssaga

from the latter part of

the 1200s, which in

the main consists of

passages translated

from French texts. His

name here is given as

Oddgeir danski. T his

saga was translated

into Danish during the

14 00s and thereafter

Holger Danske

became part of Danish

folklore with several
http://pdfcrowd.com/http://pdfcrowd.com/redirect/?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.ancientweb.org%2findex.php%2fexplore%2fcountry%2fCambodia&id=ma-131029160713-ac0073bchttp://pdfcrowd.com/customize/http://pdfcrowd.com/html-to-pdf-api/?ref=pdfhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Denmarkhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Denmark


7/13


The tem ples were obscured

by dense jungles until

rediscovered by Europeans

in the 19th Century

.

Conventional theories presume the lands where Angkor stands were chosen

as a settlement site because of their strategic military position and

agricultural potential. Alternative scholars, however, believe the

geographical location of the Angkor complex and the arrangement of its

temples was based on a planet-spanning sacred geography from archaic

times. Using computer simulations it has been shown that the gro und plan of

the Angkor complex the terrestrial placement of its principal temples -

mirrors the star s in the constellation of Draco at the t ime of spring equinox in

10 ,500 BC. While the date of this astronomical alignment is far earlier than

any known construction at Angkor, it appears that its purpose was to

architecturally mirror the heavens in order to assist in the harmonization of

the earth and the stars. Both the layout of the Angkor temples and

iconographic nature of much its sculpture , particularly the asuras ('demons')

and devas ('deities') are also intended to indicate the c elestial phenomenon of

the precession of the equinoxes and the slow transition from one astrological

age to another.

Angko r Wat, b uilt dur ing

the early years of the 12th

century by Suryavaram II,

honors the Hindu god

Vishnu and is a sy mbolic

repre sentation of Hindu

cosmology. Consisting of

an enormous temple

symbolizing the mythic

Mt. Meru, its five inter-

nested rec tangular walls

and moats represent

chains of mountains and

the cosmic oc ean. The

short dimensions of the

vast c ompo und ar e

accounts in the Danish

Chronicle first

published around

1509.

The Danish national

writer Hans Christian

Andersen in 1845

wrote the fairytale

Holger Danske, where

he is described as

sitting fast asleep in

the casemates of the

Castle of Kronborg,

with his beard having

grown into the table in

front of him and his

sword in his lap,

prepared to wake up

to action in case of

Denmark being

threatened from

outside forces. T oday

his statue can be seen

in the casemates of

Kronborg as described

by Hans Christian

Andersen.

During the German

occupation of

Denmark in 194 0-45
http://pdfcrowd.com/http://pdfcrowd.com/redirect/?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.ancientweb.org%2findex.php%2fexplore%2fcountry%2fCambodia&id=ma-131029160713-ac0073bchttp://pdfcrowd.com/customize/http://pdfcrowd.com/html-to-pdf-api/?ref=pdfhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Denmarkhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Denmark


8/13


precisely aligned along a north-south axis, while the east-west axis has been

deliberately dive rted 0.7 5 degrees south o f east and north of west, seemingly

in order to give observers a three day anticipation of the spring equinox.

Unlike othe r temples at Angkor, Ta Prohm has be en left as it was found,

preserved as an example of what a tropical forest will do to an architectural

monument when the pro tectiv e hands of humans are withdrawn. Ta Prohm's

walls , ro ofs, chambers and c ourty ards hav e been suffic iently repaired to sto p

further deterioration, and the inner sanctuary has been cleared of bushes andthick undergrowth, but the temple has bee n left in the stranglehold of trees.

Having planted themselves centuries ago, the tree's serpentine roots pry

apart the ancient stones and their immense tr unks straddle the once bust ling

Buddhist temple. Built in the later part of the 12th century by Jayavarman

VII , Ta Pro hm is the terrest rial co unterpar t of the s tar Eta Drac onis the Drac o

constellation.

During half-millennia of Khmer oc cupation, the c ity o f Angkor became a

pilgrimage destination of importance throughout Southeastern Asia. Sacked

by the Thais in 1 43 1 and ab ando ned in 1 432, A ngko r was forgotte n for a few

centuries. Wandering Buddhist monks, passing through the de nse jungles,

occasionally came upon the awesome ruins. Recognizing the sacred nature of

the temples but ignorant of their origins, they invented fables about the

mysterious sanctuaries, saying they had been built by the gods in a far

ancient time. Centuries passed, these fables became legends, and pilgrims

from the distant reaches of Asia sought out the my stic city of the gods. A few

adventurous European travelers knew of the ruins and stories circulated in

antiquarian circles of a strange city lost in the jungles. Most people believedthe stories to be nothing more than legend however, until the French

explorer Henri Mouhot brought Angkor to the world's attention in 1860. The

French people were enchanted with the ancient city and beginning in 1908

funded and superbly managed an extensive restoration project. The

restoration has continued to the present day, exce pting periods in the 7 0's

and 80's when military fighting prevente d archaeolo gists from living near the

ruins.

one of the principal

partisan organizations

was named after

Holger Danske.

in Ancient Denmark

A nice article full of

facts about the

Netherlands, but not

very usefull as a

realistic

representation of the

history of this area.

Moreover, a

disproportionate

share of this article is

about the history of

the ancient Frisians

(who are different

from the modern

Frisians) and the more

internationaly

political, military and

religious

developments and not

particulary about the

Netherlands (Holland

is just a part of the

Netherlands, just like

Friesland). There is so
http://pdfcrowd.com/http://pdfcrowd.com/redirect/?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.ancientweb.org%2findex.php%2fexplore%2fcountry%2fCambodia&id=ma-131029160713-ac0073bchttp://pdfcrowd.com/customize/http://pdfcrowd.com/html-to-pdf-api/?ref=pdfhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Denmarkhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Denmarkhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Netherlandshttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Netherlands


9/13

df d mi b PRO i Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API

An gkor Thom is a smalle r

sister com plex to Angkor

Wat and as only been

partly excavated

Orthodox archaeologists

sometimes interpret the

temples of the Angkor

complex as tombs of

megalomaniacal kings yet in

reality those kings designed

and constructed the temples

as a form of service to both

god and their own subjects.

The temples were places not

for the worship of the kings

but rather for the worship of

god. Precisely aligned with

the stars, constructed as vast

three dimensional y antras and adorned with stunningly be autiful religious

art, the A ngkor temples were instrume nts for assisting humans in their

realization of the divine.

Jayavaram VII, spoke of his intentions in erecting temples as being:

"full of deep sympathy for the good of the w orld, so as to bestow on men the

ambrosia of remedies to win them immortality.By virtue of these good

works would that I might rescue all those who are struggling in the ocean o f

existence."

Cambodian ReligionSince the ancient time, the Khmers had accepted the two great religions from

India, i.e. Hinduism and Buddhism, by which the forme r one was mo re

popular. Hinduism had played an import ant role in Khmer civilization as the

Angko r mo narchs ado pted it s conc ept of dev a-raja, o r "god-king", by whic h

the king was revere d as an incarnation of the god Shiva, a supreme Hindu

deity who was regarded as a protector.

about the ancient

history of the

Netherlands! I hope

you will find this

feedback usefull, and

if you need/like to

have any help, you can

contact me.

p.s.: Pier Gerlofs

Donia is not a national

hero of the Dutch, but

a regional hero to

some Frisians. Hes

also not someone who

could count as anancient hero, as he

was born in 1480

in Ancient Netherlands

hello, id just like to

add the fact that these

polynesians belong to

the austronesian race.They share similar

cultures and languages

(Madagascar, Cham

from Vietnam,

Philippines, Malaysia,

Indonesia, etc)
http://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Netherlandshttp://pdfcrowd.com/http://pdfcrowd.com/redirect/?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.ancientweb.org%2findex.php%2fexplore%2fcountry%2fCambodia&id=ma-131029160713-ac0073bchttp://pdfcrowd.com/customize/http://pdfcrowd.com/html-to-pdf-api/?ref=pdfhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Netherlandshttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Netherlandshttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/NewZealandhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/NewZealand


10/13

df di b PRO i Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API

Most temples in the Angkor Empire were dedicated to either god Shiva or god

Vishnu. Bel iev ed to b e the ho ly house of the su preme gods, t he temp les were

carefully built with fine arts, and the materials used are those of ev erlasting

stones. Many impressive sculptures of great craftsmanship were enshrined.

The second religion being revered by the Khmers was Buddhism of Mahayana

sect which came into the region quite at same time as Hinduism, however,

Buddhism was less prominent.

Both Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism played an impo rtant role as the

political, religious and philosophical pillars of Khmer Civilization by whic h

the king was revered as the god-king or deva-raja. This ideology enabled the

king to rule ov er the c ountry as an absolute monarch with sovereign

spirituality over his people, and thus enhanced the unity of the kingdom.

Successive kings were able to mobilize large manpower to serve the army, to

maintain extensive irrigation system and to build numerous massive

temples.

Not until the 13th century, Theravada Buddhism was introduced to theKhmer from Sri Lanka and became mo re pro minent in the royal c ourt as well

as in the local people. The teaching of Theravada Buddhism directly crashed

with the or iginal be lief o f the Khmer pe ople as it ta ught the people to seek sel f

enlightenment and abandoned the wor ldly things. With this teaching, the

attitudes of the pe ople to wards its Hindu gods as well as the go d-king

changed, and thus led to the gradual weakening of the empire which

eventually collapsed in the first half of 15th century.

The Khmer people seem to be the obedient students, as they did not raisedoubts about the religious teaching of the original doctrines. We can see in

Khmer history that the re ligions such as Hinduism and Buddhism were not

divided into the different sub-sects in the land of Khmer, as they wer e so in

some other civilizations.

In addition to Hinduism and Buddhism, the Khmer people also had their own

indigenous beliefs such as the local deities, ancestral spirits, as well as the ev il

spirits. There are no inscriptions or manuscripts to describe these beliefs,

i like most of the infos

though. Very

informative.

in Ancient New Zealand

nice article and posts!!

My only comment is,

why is the Philippines

in the Oceana

continent and not with

its southeast asian

neighbors?

in Ancient Philippines

You used to have a

fantastic interactive

map of Mesoamerica.

Wheres it gone? The

site is not the same

without it.

in Ancient Mexico

This is a fascinating

subject. Ive been

interested in Native

American civilization

for years. Ive read an

account of one tribe of

people who came to

America about 600 BC
http://pdfcrowd.com/http://pdfcrowd.com/redirect/?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.ancientweb.org%2findex.php%2fexplore%2fcountry%2fCambodia&id=ma-131029160713-ac0073bchttp://pdfcrowd.com/customize/http://pdfcrowd.com/html-to-pdf-api/?ref=pdfhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/NewZealandhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/NewZealandhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Philippineshttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Philippineshttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Mexicohttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Mexicohttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Americahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/America


11/13

df di b PRO i A d l ? T t th HTML t PDF API

This image shows how thecarvings were not one

stone, but multiple stones

piec ed carefu lly togeth er

by Khm er artisans

however, it can be found to be prevalent in modern Cambodia, especially in

the remote villages. These beliefs are passed on from one generation to

another through the words of mouth.

Ancient Khmer Art

The idealized faces the sculptors of

ancient Cambodia so skilfully

managed to draw forth from stone

represent strikingly realistic

portraits that capture the majesty

and impassivity o f gods, as well as

the compassion of divinities

imbued with a gentle inner smile.

In their bas-reliefs, these artists

devoted their talent not only todepicting the deities, but to

realistically reproducing the

secular wor ld as well: the temple

gallery walls are lined with military

processions, raging battles, or

simple everyday scenes carved

with an ama zing sense o f

movement and composition.

Starting with the first

Preangkorean masterpieces -

whic h can be tra ce d fro m as e arly

as the 6th century AD - and

continuing during the Angkorean

period from the 9th to the 15th centuries as well as during the Postangkorean

period, Khmer stone sculptors looked to religion for inspiration. It is in

glorification of their gods or deified kings that the artists, forev er co ndemned

and set up a

civilization under the

Law of Moses. Its

called the Book of

Mormon and gives

some background into

the formation of theNative American

tribes, ancient military

history on the

continent, and some of

the ruins found in

MesoAmeria. Its quite

interesting.

in Ancient America

What a shame! You

used to have a

fantastic interactive

map of Mesoamerica.

Wheres it gone? The

site is not the same

without it.Sadly,

R. Nathan (Teacher at

Laguna Blanca School

in Santa Barbara, CA)

in Ancient Mexico
http://pdfcrowd.com/http://pdfcrowd.com/redirect/?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.ancientweb.org%2findex.php%2fexplore%2fcountry%2fCambodia&id=ma-131029160713-ac0073bchttp://pdfcrowd.com/customize/http://pdfcrowd.com/html-to-pdf-api/?ref=pdfhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Americahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Americahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Mexicohttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Mexico


12/13df di b PRO i A d l ? T t th HTML t PDF API

The AncientWeb

Contact Us

Explore the Map

The Ancient World

News & St ories

The Ori ins of

Ancient Forum

Member List

Videos & Ima ges

Vi deo Libr ar

Other Features

Follow u s on

to anonymity, created their temples, statues, and bas-reliefs. Indeed, their

works r epresent genuine professio ns o f faith and ho nor with re spe ct to Ind ia's

two main religions, Hinduism and Buddhism, introduce d to Cambodia during

the first centuries o f the Christian era.

In the sanctuaries, the statues were sculpted in a contemplative sitting pose

or standing upright, and were repre sented holding out in their hands the

attributes by which they could be identified. They were expe cted to be

inhabited by a deity (mainly Shiva and Vishnu, but Buddha too), from whoseprotection and blessing believers hoped to be nefit.

It is the Brahmanist belief that Shiva, god of both regeneratio n and

destructio n, incarnates the co smic order of things. The images of this god -

dancing, with one head and two arms, with five heads and ten arms, in the

form of a lingam, etc... - translate his complex ity. Shivaism remained the

most steadfast of Cambodia's religions during the Preangkorean and

Angko rean pe rio ds.

Vishnu, the god o f pre serv atio n, also inspired a majo r re ligio us mov eme nt.Iconographically, he is most often represented as a four-armed god, with at

first a cylindrical mitre as headdress and, later, a sort o f stone diadem. The

discus, conc h, mace, and sphere (sy mbolizing the world) are this god's

emblematic attributes.

In Khmer tradition, Buddha is often depicted in a meditative pose, se ated on

a base in the form of either a spread out lotus or a serpent whose seven heads

fan out above him to afford protection.

OUR SPONSORS

You r support keeps the

An cie nt We b runnin g!
http://pdfcrowd.com/http://pdfcrowd.com/redirect/?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.ancientweb.org%2findex.php%2fexplore%2fcountry%2fCambodia&id=ma-131029160713-ac0073bchttp://pdfcrowd.com/customize/http://pdfcrowd.com/html-to-pdf-api/?ref=pdfhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/globalhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/global/contacthttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explorehttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Denmarkhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/newshttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/news/article/the_origins_of_halloween_part_1_samhain_and_the_celtic_time_of_spiritshttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/global/ancientforumhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/user/membershttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/news/latestVideoshttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/global/libraryhttp://www.ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Cambodiahttp://www.facebook.com/theAncientWebhttp://www.ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Cambodiahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/global/contacthttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Denmarkhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/news/article/the_origins_of_halloween_part_1_samhain_and_the_celtic_time_of_spiritshttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/user/membershttp://www.ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Cambodiahttp://www.facebook.com/theAncientWeb


13/13df di b PRO i

Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API

About Us

Our Mission

Site Credits

of the Vikings...

The Ancient GaelicWorld.. .

The Ancient Hunsand Magyars...

The AncientCeltiberian World...

Halloween Part 1 :Samhain and theCeltic Time ofSpirits...

The Ancient Wall asa Cultural Barrier...

Image Librar yFacebook

Follow us on Tw itter

The Ancient Web - The Ancient World's Greatest Civilizations | Copyright 1999-2011, All Rights Reserved.
http://pdfcrowd.com/http://pdfcrowd.com/redirect/?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.ancientweb.org%2findex.php%2fexplore%2fcountry%2fCambodia&id=ma-131029160713-ac0073bchttp://pdfcrowd.com/customize/http://pdfcrowd.com/html-to-pdf-api/?ref=pdfhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/global/contacthttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/global/abouthttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/global/missionhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/global/creditshttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Denmarkhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Scotlandhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Hungaryhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Spainhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/news/article/the_origins_of_halloween_part_1_samhain_and_the_celtic_time_of_spiritshttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/news/article/the_ancient_wall_as_a_cultural_barrierhttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/user/membershttp://www.ancientweb.org/index.php/explore/country/Cambodiahttp://ancientweb.org/index.php/global/libraryhttp://www.facebook.com/theAncientWebhttp://twitter.com/#!/TheAncientWeb

A. Web - Khmer Civilization & Empire.pdf

Documents

Transcript of A. Web - Khmer Civilization & Empire.pdf