A Water World Developed by Reynold Gardner –Junction City High School, Based off of “A Water...
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Transcript of A Water World Developed by Reynold Gardner –Junction City High School, Based off of “A Water...
A Water World
• Developed by Reynold Gardner– Junction City High School,
• Based off of “A Water World” by Danny McGuire, KTEH Executive Producer– http://www.pbs.org/kteh/cadillacdesert/water.html
Water…… Used for
• cities
• irrigation
• industry
• recreational
• commercial
• clean, abundant supplies of water is an assumption
Water AvailbiltyWater Availbilty
• Earth's 5.8 biEarth's 5.8 billionllion human inhabitants do not human inhabitants do not have access to a reliable, clean supply of have access to a reliable, clean supply of water. water.
• 70 percent wor70 percent world's surfaceld's surface is water is water – up to up to seseven ven miles deepmiles deep. .
– Bound to the earth would form Bound to the earth would form a sphere half thea sphere half the diameter of the moondiameter of the moon.
Isn’t Enough Water
• Water delivery systems– aqueducts, – dams – reservoirs– desalination
• Aquifers being depleted• Lakes shrinking • Wetlands taken out• Surface streams overused• Pollution limits supplies
One Gallon of H2O = Earth H2O• Available fresh water = tablespoon
• 93% seawater
• 2 percent ice-caps and glaciers
• Other Reserves – Underlie the planet's surface, but much of it is too deep to
economically tap.
Earth Allotment of H2O• 344 million Total
– 315 million cubic miles (cm) (93%) is sea water!
– 9 million cm (2.5%) aquifers below the earth's surface
– 7 million cm (2%) frozen in polar ice caps
– 53,000 cm lakes and streams
– 4,000 cm atmospheric moisture
– 3,400 cm in the bodies of living things
Population
• Increases, demand for fresh, safe water.
• U.S. Water Consumption– 1980 330 million gallons a day
– 1990 408 million gallons a day in
Water management
• Focused on manipulating supplies of freshwater
• ”Supply management" approach
• Resulted in the building of large dams and Transfer systems
• Municipal water supply to irrigation.
Water management
• Increasing development costs
• Capital shortages,
• government fiscal restraint,
• diminishing water supply,
• polluted water,
• growing concern for the environment
Water management
• Rethink traditional approaches
• Experiment with new ideas of management.
• Western United States we are in transition...
• Era of water-supply development,
• To an era of water-demand management and conservation.
Water management
• Future will be centered on optimizing the use of existing surface-water projects
• Rather than on the further development of large storage reservoirs.
• More efficient water application techniques.
• Developing water conservation measures such as lining irrigation canals and installing more efficient plumbing fixtures in homes and office buildings.
Agriculture
• Bulk of U.S. water use. • Average American consumes 1,500 pounds of
food each year. • 1,000 gallons of water are required to grow and
process each pound of food.• 1.5 million gallons of water is invested in the
food eaten by just one person. • 200,000-cubic-feet-plus of water-per-person
would be enough to cover a football field four feet deep.
Industry
• 2nd Largest User of Water
• 28 billion gallons of fresh water used everyday
• Seven trillion gallons per year--to make the products that are part of our everyday life:
Industry
• 50,000 gallons are required to produce the rayon for an average living room carpet;
• 40,000 gallons to produce steel for one automobile; 518 gallons for one tire;
• 1,500 gallons to process a barrel of beer; • 100 gallons to make a pound of cotton; • 55 gallons to make one pound of synthetic rubber; • 24 gallons to make one pound of plastic.
Inadequate supplies of water
• Conflicting plans for use
• Should our limited water supply be used to vitalize a large city, or would it be more productive if used to grow a crop?
• Should it be left in the stream for the convenience of fish and fishermen?
• Or would it play a more vital role if used to slurry coal down a pipeline?
Inadequate supplies of water
• Should water-rich areas (such as the Pacific Northwest) sell water to water-short areas (such as the Southwest) via long-distance diversions?
• Which should be sacrificed, water quality--or jobs? Such questions have too often been answered with convenience and short-term gain as the determining factors.