þa up - Linguisticskroch/courses/lx310/handouts-09/...5 11a. Wir müssen uns voranmelden. We must...
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1 1a. Ron did the criminal in. 1b. Jon brought the criminal in. 1c. Michael put the boarder up. 1d. Laura put the border up. 1e. Suzanne put the book away. 1f. Sudha pulled the book away. 1g. Tom squashed the M&M’s together. 1h. Tanja pushed her sister downward. 2a. ?Ron did in the criminal. (but, OK Ron did in every criminal in Arizona.) 2b. Jon brought in the criminal. 2c. Michael put up the boarder. 2d. Laura put up the border. 2e. Suzanne put away the book. 2f. Sudha pulled away the book. 2g. Tom squashed together the M&M’s. 2h. *Tanja pushed downward her sister.
Transcript of þa up - Linguisticskroch/courses/lx310/handouts-09/...5 11a. Wir müssen uns voranmelden. We must...
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1a. Ron did the criminal in.
1b. Jon brought the criminal in.
1c. Michael put the boarder up.
1d. Laura put the border up.
1e. Suzanne put the book away.
1f. Sudha pulled the book away.
1g. Tom squashed the M&M’s together.
1h. Tanja pushed her sister downward.
2a. ?Ron did in the criminal. (but, OK Ron did in every criminal in Arizona.)
2b. Jon brought in the criminal.
2c. Michael put up the boarder.
2d. Laura put up the border.
2e. Suzanne put away the book.
2f. Sudha pulled away the book.
2g. Tom squashed together the M&M’s.
2h. *Tanja pushed downward her sister.
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about/abute geond over/ofer
after/æfter in through/ðurh
away/aweg mid til
between/betweonan niðer to
by/bi off togeanes
down/ofdune on /of under
for ongean up
forth/forð oð with/wið
from/fram out/ut ymbe
3a. Sandhya looked up.
3b. Sandhya looked up the word (in the dictionary).
3c. Sandhya looked the word up.
4a. ...þæt he his stefne up ahof.
...that he lifted his voice up.
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4b. ...þæt he ahof upp þa earcan.
...so that he lifted up the chest.
4c. ...and þa upaheng bufan þam altare.
...and hung them up above the altar.
4d. ...and hi for wundrunge þæt hridder upahengon.
...and they hung the sieve up out of wonder.
5a. Beth looked Don over.
5b. Beth overlooked Don.
6a. Tony fährt nach Berlin ab.
Tony is departing for Berlin.
6b. Tony ist nach Berlin abgefahren.
Tony departed for Berlin.
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9a. …ond þa bærnnisse ut ofbegde.
…and diverted the fire out.
9b. …þonne heo heora heafod & heora eagan to onheldon.
…then they bowed their head and their eyes thereto.
9c. ...& ic hi eft ongean oferfare mid twam floccum.
…and I am crossing them back (=ongean) over again (=eft) with two flocks.
10a. Þa oftorfodon hi Stephanum mid stanum oð deað.
Then they stoned Stephen to death with stones.
(coaelhom,ÆHom II, 12.1:112.86.2431)
10b. Ðonne ofergæþ an fyr ealle ðas woruld…
Then a fire overtakes all this world…
(coaelhom,ÆHom 11:296.1640)
10c. Ða onwreah se apostol Bartholomeus ... þæt he biscophad underfenge.
Then the apostle Bartholomeus revealed … that he obtained bishophood.
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11a. Wir müssen uns voranmelden.
We must ourselves preregister
11b. *Wir melden uns voran.
11c. *Wir voranmelden uns.
NEGATION:
12a. forþæm hio nanne swetne wæsþm forþ ne bringþ
because she no sweet fruit forth not brings
12b. ne on naþre healfe he ne ahylde his þeawas
nor on neither side he not away-bent his conduct
TO INFINTIVES
13a. þæt him wære lyfed ut to farenne
that him was allowed out to go
13b. & hio biþ micle þe ieþre to oferfeohtanne
and she is much the easier to over-fight
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PRE-AUXILIARY PLACEMENT:
14a. ær he ut wolde faran to gefeohte
before he out wanted go to fight
14b. þæt entas wolden aræran ane burh
that giants wanted to up-raise a city
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Figure 1: Particle and Prefix Frequency
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total clauses 144 34736 72761 396 22448 9836 40005 28281 18892 20925 17717 particle clauses 2 1014 1212 6 539 151 821 793 680 890 708
frequency .0139 .0292 .0167 .0152 .0240 .0154 .0205 .0280 .0360 .0425 .0400 prefix clauses 5 4733 7621 11 1274 430 729 330 152 182 159
frequency .0347 .1363 .1047 .0278 .0568 .0437 .0182 .0117 .0080 .0087 .0090
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Figure 5: Frequency of 'out' (ut)
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particles 0 115 301 1 109 53 192 114 111 177 157 frequency 0 .0033 .0041 .0025 .0049 .0054 .0048 .0040 .0059 .0085 .0089
prefixes 0 56 69 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 frequency 0 .0016 .0009 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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Figure 6: Frequency of 'up'
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particles 0 122 177 1 118 24 119 118 150 206 152 frequency 0 .0035 .0024 .0025 .0053 .0024 .0030 .0042 .0079 .0098 .0086
prefixes 0 77 38 0 2 4 1 0 2 1 5 frequency 0 .0022 .0005 .0001 .0004 .0000 0 .0001 .0000 .0002
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Figure 7: Frequency of 'down' (ofdune)
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particles 0 10 27 1 20 8 127 144 79 128 73 frequency 0 .0003 .0004 .0025 .0009 .0008 .0032 .0051 .0042 .0061 .0041
prefixes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 frequency 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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Figure 8: Frequency of 'away' (aweg)
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particles 0 10 27 1 20 8 127 144 79 128 73 frequency 0 .0003 .0004 .0025 .0009 .0008 .0032 .0051 .0042 .0061 .0041
prefixes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 frequency 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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Figure 12: Frequency of 'on'
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particles 0 198 18 0 33 0 1 22 24 34 37 frequency 0 .0057 .0002 0 .0015 0 .0000 .0008 .0013 .0016 .0021
prefixes 1 1543 1129 0 36 50 2 2 0 0 0 frequency .0069 .0444 .0155 0 .0016 .0051 .0000 .0001 0 0 0
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Figure 13: Frequency of 'off' (of)
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particles 0 80 30 0 16 1 35 56 32 35 82 frequency 0 .0023 .0004 0 .0007 .0001 .0009 .0020 .0017 .0017 .0046
prefixes 0 476 610 1 77 25 1 3 0 0 0 frequency 0 .0137 .0084 .0025 .0034 .0025 .0000 .0001 0 0 0
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Figure 14: Frequency of 'over' (ofer)
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particles 0 25 3 0 5 1 14 10 18 23 26 frequency 0 .0007 .0000 0 .0002 .0001 .0003 .0004 .0010 .0011 .0015
prefixes 0 265 337 3 87 21 104 74 16 37 29 frequency 0 .0076 .0046 .0076 .0039 .0021 .0026 .0026 .0008 .0018 .0016
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Figure 16: Frequency of 'to'
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particles 1 121 60 0 12 0 6 6 8 11 0 frequency .0069 .0035 .0008 0 .0005 0 .0001 .0002 .0004 .0005 0
prefixes 0 301 742 1 109 40 27 9 0 0 0 frequency 0 .0087 .0102 .0025 .0049 .0041 .0007 .0003 0 0 0
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Figure 17: Frequency of 'under'
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particles 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 frequency 0 .0000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .0001
prefixes 0 179 755 0 250 107 212 60 58 64 62 frequency 0 .0052 .0104 0 .0111 .0109 .0053 .0021 .0031 .0031 .0035
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Figure 18: Frequency of 'for'
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particles 0 6 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 frequency 0 .0002 .0001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
prefixes 0 1178 2708 2 572 179 301 161 62 75 56 frequency 0 .0339 .0372 .0051 .0255 .0182 .0075 .0057 .0033 .0036 .0032
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Figure 24: Frequency of Original Particles
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prefixes 0 139 120 0 2 4 1 0 2 1 5 frequency 0 .0040 .0016 0 .0001 .0004 .0000 0 .0001 .0000 .0003
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Figure 25: Frequency of Original Prefixes
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particles 1 457 129 0 68 2 56 97 83 104 148 frequency .0069 .0132 .0018 0 .0030 .0002 .0014 .0034 .0044 .0050 .0084
prefixes 1 4396 7303 10 1257 426 728 330 150 180 154 frequency .0069 .1266 .1004 .2778 .0560 .0433 .0182 .0117 .0079 .0086 .0087
