Chapter 1 Introduction to Statistics. Section 1.1 Fundamental Statistical Concepts.
A tour of fundamental statistics introducing Basic Statistics.
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Transcript of A tour of fundamental statistics introducing Basic Statistics.
In statistics, the mean is the mathematical average of a set of numbers. The average is calculated by adding up two or more scores and dividing the total by the number of scores.
Example: 99, 97, 95, 93, 93, 93, 87, 85, 83, 62=887/10=88.7
Mean
In statistics, the median is the middle number in a given sequence of numbers, taken as the average of the two middle numbers when the sequence has an even number of numbers.
Example: 99, 97, 95, 93, 93, 93, 87, 85, 83, 62= 93
Median
In statistics, the mode is the number that appears most frequently.
Example: 99, 97, 95, 93, 93, 93, 87, 85, 83, 62= 93
the extent to which or the limits between which variation is possible:
Mode
In statistics, the range is the extent to which or the limits between which variation is possible:
Example: 99, 97, 95, 93, 93, 93, 87, 85, 83, 62= 99-62
Range
In statistics, the Standard Deviation is a measure of how spread out numbers are.
Example: 1.) 99, 97, 95, 93, 93, 93, 87, 85, 83, 62= sd 10.65051
2.) 99, 97, 95, 89, 84, 82, 76, 70, 66, 62= sd 12.53794
Standard Deviation
Normal
• If this graph represents the example above, about 68% of the class scores are between 99 and 87.
• This represents the normal distribution curve.
Example: 99, 97, 95, 93, 93, 93, 87, 85, 83, 62= sd 10.65051
Skewed
99, 95, 84, 82, 80, 76, 72, 70, 66, 62= sd 12.53794
• This example represents a class with more scores on the lower side of the grading scale.
• Although the mean might be similar to the example of the class with normal distribution, the standard deviation shows that there are more lower scores with this class.