A Thirty-Year History of Superconducting Microwave Devices ... · the characteristics of microwave...
Transcript of A Thirty-Year History of Superconducting Microwave Devices ... · the characteristics of microwave...
A Thirty-Year History of Superconducting Microwave Devices
and Fundamental Studies Thereof
Shigetoshi Ohshima
Yamagata University
Contents1 HTS films for microwave devices
2 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters without mobile
base station
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
NMR pickup coils
5 Summary
Ohshimayzyamagata-uacjp
ISS2017
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
1
1 HTS films for microwave devices
The most important superconducting
properties for microwave devices
Surface resistance
Plane wave
Magnetic wave
Electrical wave
x y
Hx(z) Ey(z)
y
x z=0
E (z)s =
H (z)ZDefinition of surface resistance
When a plane wave is irradiated on the
superconductors the magnetic field Hx(z) and the
electric field Ey(z) are penetrated in it The surface
resistance is defined by EH
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2
Measurement of surface resistance
1tans
u
AR
B Q
[ ] 20 10
1
dBI LLu t
t
QQ A
A
Cu cavityspring
substrate
HTS film
Sapphire rodSmall loop antenna
Semi rigid cable
AB constant
Dielectric resonator method is standard
for measurement of surface resistance (IECTC90 61788-7)
Closed cavity of a dielectric resonator
using quite small tand sapphire rod
Frequency response of a cavity
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3
Surface resistance of YBCO Cu and Al films
00001
0001
001
01
1
10
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
3層材無酸素銅高純度銅アルミYBCO
Rs(mW)
Temperature(K)
1GHz
10
01
10
102
103
104
YBCO
Cu
Al
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Temperature (K)
Rs
(mW
)1 GHz
Rs of YBCO films is 3-order magnitude smaller than that
of Al Cu films This difference in surface resistance affects
the characteristics of microwave devices
Temperature dependence of microwave surface resistance of
Cu Al and YBCO thin films measured at 1 GHz
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4
Superconducting
filter
Difference of insertion loss between Cu and superconducting filter
Example
Superconducting filter has quite small insertion loss and sweep skirt
properties however cu filter has large insertion loss
Cu-filter
large Insertion loss
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5
The surface resistance of
superconducting films is
inversely proportional to the
critical current density
S Ohshima et al IEEE Trans
Applied Superconductivity 13 (2003) 3578
In order to increase Jc of YBCO
films Reduction of grain boundary
density is important
Perfect C-plane oriented films
Single crystal films
How to reduce a surface resistance of superconducting films
Higher Jc films is lower Rs films
Relationship between a surface resistance
and critical current density of YBCO film
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6
Grain boundary density vs surface resistance
M Kusunoki S Ohshima et al EUCAS 1999
45degrotated grain of
YBCO on MgO substrate
Cube on cube
grain of YBCOSurface resistance vs 45degtilt grain density
Our groupWe could control the density of 45-degree tilt grain by
template deposition method of laser deposition method
and we examined the relationship between its density
and surface resistance
We found that grain boundary increases the Rs of YBCO thin films Therefore
it is important to make thin films with perfect c plane oriented film
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7
Surface resistance of HTS films in High magnetic field
Surface resistance of YBCOfilms is smaller than Cu films ina high magnetic field
T Honma S Ohshima et al
ISS 2011
Rs(90) Applied magnetic field
direction is normal to a film plane
Rs(0) Applied magnetic field
direction is parallel to a film plane
Our group
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Applied magnetic field (T)
103
102
101
100
Su
rfa
ce r
esis
tan
ce (mW
)
30K
10K
10K
30KPure Cu
Rs(90)
Rs(0) 30K
10K
YBCO
We can use YBCO films for microwave devices worked in high
magnetic field for example NMR pickup coils
Magnetic field dependence of surface resistance
of YBCO films
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8
2 Some topic of superconducting microwave devices
(1988~2017)
Electrical small antennas
Small size and high quality HTS filtersHelical and patch superconducting antennas
First topics filter and antenna
Second topics HTS bandpass filter for mobile communicationHairpin filter cross-coupled filter
GSM and IMT-2000 filters
Tunable and ultra wide-band filters
Third topics detector and sensor
MKIDsTES
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9
21 Electrical small antennas
Half wave length antenna(Yagi antenna)
Normally we cannot use a electrical
small antenna because efficiency is
small However the efficiency of
superconducting electrical small
antenna is large even in very small size
Therefore the first focused microwave
device was an electrical small antenna
when HTS was discovered
Superconducting electricalsmall antenna
Antenna length k (ll)05
10
Rel
ativ
e ef
fici
ency
Normal metal electricalsmall antenna
Ele
ctri
c fi
eld
in
ten
sity
(dB
)
Superconducting dipolearray antenna
Cu dipole array antenna (RT)
Cu dipole antenna
Frequency (MHz)
From Prof Adachi (Tohoku Univ) 1980
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10
Helical antenna
Unfortunately the HTS antennas could not
be used for practical application because of
Cooling problem
The gain of the HTS helical antenna is 5 dB or more
as compared with that of copper antenna at 80K
A helical antenna is one of the electrical small antenna
And they can reduce a size of 140 of the wave length
Reported in ISSrsquo92
NTT group
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11
Patch array antenna
The helical antenna cannot be cooled by a small
refrigerator and that is a serious problem for
practical use However patch antennas can be
cooled by a small refrigerator and easy to cool
Mini cryocooler for a patch antenna
The superiority of the superconducting
antenna could be demonstrated but it could
not be put into practical use Superconducting
antennas must be cooled to a low temperature
and that is large disadvantage
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12
Merits of HTS bandpass filter
Sharp skirt characteristics
Low insertion loss
High frequency selection
The superconducting filters can separate
the signals between Company A and B
but the conventional filter can not
IMT-2000 filters
Tunable filters for software
wireless communication
Superconducting
filter
conventional
filter
Two-band filter for 2G wireless
A company
B company
Superconducting bandpass filter systems have already been put to
practical use for 2G wireless communication in the USA In the 1990rsquos
troubles were continuing among users of two mobile phone companies
22 Second topics HTS filters for mobile communication
Next researches
More than 5000 systems were used for
wireless communication base stations
STI group
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13
ISSrsquo97HTS filters for IMT-2000
AMTEL group
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14
J型共振器
J-type resonator filter for IMT-2000
By Ueno Tsuzuki and Sakakibara AMTEL
Sharp skirt characteristics gt 20dB1MHz
Low insertion loss lt 01dB
High frequency selection gt -80dB at out of band
Superconducting filters didnrsquot use for IMT-2000 because of
high price and maintenance problem
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15
Tunable filters
By moving a sapphire plate up and down by
a piezo element center frequency of the
filter can shift more than 10 MHz
Toshiba group
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16
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
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17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
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18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
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19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
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20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
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21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
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22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
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23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
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24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
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25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
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26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
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27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
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28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
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29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
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30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
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31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
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32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
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33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
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34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
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35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
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36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
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37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
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38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
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39
Thank you for your attention
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40
1 HTS films for microwave devices
The most important superconducting
properties for microwave devices
Surface resistance
Plane wave
Magnetic wave
Electrical wave
x y
Hx(z) Ey(z)
y
x z=0
E (z)s =
H (z)ZDefinition of surface resistance
When a plane wave is irradiated on the
superconductors the magnetic field Hx(z) and the
electric field Ey(z) are penetrated in it The surface
resistance is defined by EH
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
2
Measurement of surface resistance
1tans
u
AR
B Q
[ ] 20 10
1
dBI LLu t
t
QQ A
A
Cu cavityspring
substrate
HTS film
Sapphire rodSmall loop antenna
Semi rigid cable
AB constant
Dielectric resonator method is standard
for measurement of surface resistance (IECTC90 61788-7)
Closed cavity of a dielectric resonator
using quite small tand sapphire rod
Frequency response of a cavity
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
3
Surface resistance of YBCO Cu and Al films
00001
0001
001
01
1
10
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
3層材無酸素銅高純度銅アルミYBCO
Rs(mW)
Temperature(K)
1GHz
10
01
10
102
103
104
YBCO
Cu
Al
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Temperature (K)
Rs
(mW
)1 GHz
Rs of YBCO films is 3-order magnitude smaller than that
of Al Cu films This difference in surface resistance affects
the characteristics of microwave devices
Temperature dependence of microwave surface resistance of
Cu Al and YBCO thin films measured at 1 GHz
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
4
Superconducting
filter
Difference of insertion loss between Cu and superconducting filter
Example
Superconducting filter has quite small insertion loss and sweep skirt
properties however cu filter has large insertion loss
Cu-filter
large Insertion loss
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
5
The surface resistance of
superconducting films is
inversely proportional to the
critical current density
S Ohshima et al IEEE Trans
Applied Superconductivity 13 (2003) 3578
In order to increase Jc of YBCO
films Reduction of grain boundary
density is important
Perfect C-plane oriented films
Single crystal films
How to reduce a surface resistance of superconducting films
Higher Jc films is lower Rs films
Relationship between a surface resistance
and critical current density of YBCO film
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
6
Grain boundary density vs surface resistance
M Kusunoki S Ohshima et al EUCAS 1999
45degrotated grain of
YBCO on MgO substrate
Cube on cube
grain of YBCOSurface resistance vs 45degtilt grain density
Our groupWe could control the density of 45-degree tilt grain by
template deposition method of laser deposition method
and we examined the relationship between its density
and surface resistance
We found that grain boundary increases the Rs of YBCO thin films Therefore
it is important to make thin films with perfect c plane oriented film
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
7
Surface resistance of HTS films in High magnetic field
Surface resistance of YBCOfilms is smaller than Cu films ina high magnetic field
T Honma S Ohshima et al
ISS 2011
Rs(90) Applied magnetic field
direction is normal to a film plane
Rs(0) Applied magnetic field
direction is parallel to a film plane
Our group
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Applied magnetic field (T)
103
102
101
100
Su
rfa
ce r
esis
tan
ce (mW
)
30K
10K
10K
30KPure Cu
Rs(90)
Rs(0) 30K
10K
YBCO
We can use YBCO films for microwave devices worked in high
magnetic field for example NMR pickup coils
Magnetic field dependence of surface resistance
of YBCO films
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
8
2 Some topic of superconducting microwave devices
(1988~2017)
Electrical small antennas
Small size and high quality HTS filtersHelical and patch superconducting antennas
First topics filter and antenna
Second topics HTS bandpass filter for mobile communicationHairpin filter cross-coupled filter
GSM and IMT-2000 filters
Tunable and ultra wide-band filters
Third topics detector and sensor
MKIDsTES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
9
21 Electrical small antennas
Half wave length antenna(Yagi antenna)
Normally we cannot use a electrical
small antenna because efficiency is
small However the efficiency of
superconducting electrical small
antenna is large even in very small size
Therefore the first focused microwave
device was an electrical small antenna
when HTS was discovered
Superconducting electricalsmall antenna
Antenna length k (ll)05
10
Rel
ativ
e ef
fici
ency
Normal metal electricalsmall antenna
Ele
ctri
c fi
eld
in
ten
sity
(dB
)
Superconducting dipolearray antenna
Cu dipole array antenna (RT)
Cu dipole antenna
Frequency (MHz)
From Prof Adachi (Tohoku Univ) 1980
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
10
Helical antenna
Unfortunately the HTS antennas could not
be used for practical application because of
Cooling problem
The gain of the HTS helical antenna is 5 dB or more
as compared with that of copper antenna at 80K
A helical antenna is one of the electrical small antenna
And they can reduce a size of 140 of the wave length
Reported in ISSrsquo92
NTT group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
11
Patch array antenna
The helical antenna cannot be cooled by a small
refrigerator and that is a serious problem for
practical use However patch antennas can be
cooled by a small refrigerator and easy to cool
Mini cryocooler for a patch antenna
The superiority of the superconducting
antenna could be demonstrated but it could
not be put into practical use Superconducting
antennas must be cooled to a low temperature
and that is large disadvantage
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
12
Merits of HTS bandpass filter
Sharp skirt characteristics
Low insertion loss
High frequency selection
The superconducting filters can separate
the signals between Company A and B
but the conventional filter can not
IMT-2000 filters
Tunable filters for software
wireless communication
Superconducting
filter
conventional
filter
Two-band filter for 2G wireless
A company
B company
Superconducting bandpass filter systems have already been put to
practical use for 2G wireless communication in the USA In the 1990rsquos
troubles were continuing among users of two mobile phone companies
22 Second topics HTS filters for mobile communication
Next researches
More than 5000 systems were used for
wireless communication base stations
STI group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
13
ISSrsquo97HTS filters for IMT-2000
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
14
J型共振器
J-type resonator filter for IMT-2000
By Ueno Tsuzuki and Sakakibara AMTEL
Sharp skirt characteristics gt 20dB1MHz
Low insertion loss lt 01dB
High frequency selection gt -80dB at out of band
Superconducting filters didnrsquot use for IMT-2000 because of
high price and maintenance problem
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
15
Tunable filters
By moving a sapphire plate up and down by
a piezo element center frequency of the
filter can shift more than 10 MHz
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
16
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Measurement of surface resistance
1tans
u
AR
B Q
[ ] 20 10
1
dBI LLu t
t
QQ A
A
Cu cavityspring
substrate
HTS film
Sapphire rodSmall loop antenna
Semi rigid cable
AB constant
Dielectric resonator method is standard
for measurement of surface resistance (IECTC90 61788-7)
Closed cavity of a dielectric resonator
using quite small tand sapphire rod
Frequency response of a cavity
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
3
Surface resistance of YBCO Cu and Al films
00001
0001
001
01
1
10
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
3層材無酸素銅高純度銅アルミYBCO
Rs(mW)
Temperature(K)
1GHz
10
01
10
102
103
104
YBCO
Cu
Al
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Temperature (K)
Rs
(mW
)1 GHz
Rs of YBCO films is 3-order magnitude smaller than that
of Al Cu films This difference in surface resistance affects
the characteristics of microwave devices
Temperature dependence of microwave surface resistance of
Cu Al and YBCO thin films measured at 1 GHz
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
4
Superconducting
filter
Difference of insertion loss between Cu and superconducting filter
Example
Superconducting filter has quite small insertion loss and sweep skirt
properties however cu filter has large insertion loss
Cu-filter
large Insertion loss
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
5
The surface resistance of
superconducting films is
inversely proportional to the
critical current density
S Ohshima et al IEEE Trans
Applied Superconductivity 13 (2003) 3578
In order to increase Jc of YBCO
films Reduction of grain boundary
density is important
Perfect C-plane oriented films
Single crystal films
How to reduce a surface resistance of superconducting films
Higher Jc films is lower Rs films
Relationship between a surface resistance
and critical current density of YBCO film
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
6
Grain boundary density vs surface resistance
M Kusunoki S Ohshima et al EUCAS 1999
45degrotated grain of
YBCO on MgO substrate
Cube on cube
grain of YBCOSurface resistance vs 45degtilt grain density
Our groupWe could control the density of 45-degree tilt grain by
template deposition method of laser deposition method
and we examined the relationship between its density
and surface resistance
We found that grain boundary increases the Rs of YBCO thin films Therefore
it is important to make thin films with perfect c plane oriented film
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
7
Surface resistance of HTS films in High magnetic field
Surface resistance of YBCOfilms is smaller than Cu films ina high magnetic field
T Honma S Ohshima et al
ISS 2011
Rs(90) Applied magnetic field
direction is normal to a film plane
Rs(0) Applied magnetic field
direction is parallel to a film plane
Our group
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Applied magnetic field (T)
103
102
101
100
Su
rfa
ce r
esis
tan
ce (mW
)
30K
10K
10K
30KPure Cu
Rs(90)
Rs(0) 30K
10K
YBCO
We can use YBCO films for microwave devices worked in high
magnetic field for example NMR pickup coils
Magnetic field dependence of surface resistance
of YBCO films
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
8
2 Some topic of superconducting microwave devices
(1988~2017)
Electrical small antennas
Small size and high quality HTS filtersHelical and patch superconducting antennas
First topics filter and antenna
Second topics HTS bandpass filter for mobile communicationHairpin filter cross-coupled filter
GSM and IMT-2000 filters
Tunable and ultra wide-band filters
Third topics detector and sensor
MKIDsTES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
9
21 Electrical small antennas
Half wave length antenna(Yagi antenna)
Normally we cannot use a electrical
small antenna because efficiency is
small However the efficiency of
superconducting electrical small
antenna is large even in very small size
Therefore the first focused microwave
device was an electrical small antenna
when HTS was discovered
Superconducting electricalsmall antenna
Antenna length k (ll)05
10
Rel
ativ
e ef
fici
ency
Normal metal electricalsmall antenna
Ele
ctri
c fi
eld
in
ten
sity
(dB
)
Superconducting dipolearray antenna
Cu dipole array antenna (RT)
Cu dipole antenna
Frequency (MHz)
From Prof Adachi (Tohoku Univ) 1980
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
10
Helical antenna
Unfortunately the HTS antennas could not
be used for practical application because of
Cooling problem
The gain of the HTS helical antenna is 5 dB or more
as compared with that of copper antenna at 80K
A helical antenna is one of the electrical small antenna
And they can reduce a size of 140 of the wave length
Reported in ISSrsquo92
NTT group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
11
Patch array antenna
The helical antenna cannot be cooled by a small
refrigerator and that is a serious problem for
practical use However patch antennas can be
cooled by a small refrigerator and easy to cool
Mini cryocooler for a patch antenna
The superiority of the superconducting
antenna could be demonstrated but it could
not be put into practical use Superconducting
antennas must be cooled to a low temperature
and that is large disadvantage
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
12
Merits of HTS bandpass filter
Sharp skirt characteristics
Low insertion loss
High frequency selection
The superconducting filters can separate
the signals between Company A and B
but the conventional filter can not
IMT-2000 filters
Tunable filters for software
wireless communication
Superconducting
filter
conventional
filter
Two-band filter for 2G wireless
A company
B company
Superconducting bandpass filter systems have already been put to
practical use for 2G wireless communication in the USA In the 1990rsquos
troubles were continuing among users of two mobile phone companies
22 Second topics HTS filters for mobile communication
Next researches
More than 5000 systems were used for
wireless communication base stations
STI group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
13
ISSrsquo97HTS filters for IMT-2000
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
14
J型共振器
J-type resonator filter for IMT-2000
By Ueno Tsuzuki and Sakakibara AMTEL
Sharp skirt characteristics gt 20dB1MHz
Low insertion loss lt 01dB
High frequency selection gt -80dB at out of band
Superconducting filters didnrsquot use for IMT-2000 because of
high price and maintenance problem
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
15
Tunable filters
By moving a sapphire plate up and down by
a piezo element center frequency of the
filter can shift more than 10 MHz
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
16
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Surface resistance of YBCO Cu and Al films
00001
0001
001
01
1
10
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
3層材無酸素銅高純度銅アルミYBCO
Rs(mW)
Temperature(K)
1GHz
10
01
10
102
103
104
YBCO
Cu
Al
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Temperature (K)
Rs
(mW
)1 GHz
Rs of YBCO films is 3-order magnitude smaller than that
of Al Cu films This difference in surface resistance affects
the characteristics of microwave devices
Temperature dependence of microwave surface resistance of
Cu Al and YBCO thin films measured at 1 GHz
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
4
Superconducting
filter
Difference of insertion loss between Cu and superconducting filter
Example
Superconducting filter has quite small insertion loss and sweep skirt
properties however cu filter has large insertion loss
Cu-filter
large Insertion loss
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
5
The surface resistance of
superconducting films is
inversely proportional to the
critical current density
S Ohshima et al IEEE Trans
Applied Superconductivity 13 (2003) 3578
In order to increase Jc of YBCO
films Reduction of grain boundary
density is important
Perfect C-plane oriented films
Single crystal films
How to reduce a surface resistance of superconducting films
Higher Jc films is lower Rs films
Relationship between a surface resistance
and critical current density of YBCO film
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
6
Grain boundary density vs surface resistance
M Kusunoki S Ohshima et al EUCAS 1999
45degrotated grain of
YBCO on MgO substrate
Cube on cube
grain of YBCOSurface resistance vs 45degtilt grain density
Our groupWe could control the density of 45-degree tilt grain by
template deposition method of laser deposition method
and we examined the relationship between its density
and surface resistance
We found that grain boundary increases the Rs of YBCO thin films Therefore
it is important to make thin films with perfect c plane oriented film
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
7
Surface resistance of HTS films in High magnetic field
Surface resistance of YBCOfilms is smaller than Cu films ina high magnetic field
T Honma S Ohshima et al
ISS 2011
Rs(90) Applied magnetic field
direction is normal to a film plane
Rs(0) Applied magnetic field
direction is parallel to a film plane
Our group
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Applied magnetic field (T)
103
102
101
100
Su
rfa
ce r
esis
tan
ce (mW
)
30K
10K
10K
30KPure Cu
Rs(90)
Rs(0) 30K
10K
YBCO
We can use YBCO films for microwave devices worked in high
magnetic field for example NMR pickup coils
Magnetic field dependence of surface resistance
of YBCO films
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
8
2 Some topic of superconducting microwave devices
(1988~2017)
Electrical small antennas
Small size and high quality HTS filtersHelical and patch superconducting antennas
First topics filter and antenna
Second topics HTS bandpass filter for mobile communicationHairpin filter cross-coupled filter
GSM and IMT-2000 filters
Tunable and ultra wide-band filters
Third topics detector and sensor
MKIDsTES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
9
21 Electrical small antennas
Half wave length antenna(Yagi antenna)
Normally we cannot use a electrical
small antenna because efficiency is
small However the efficiency of
superconducting electrical small
antenna is large even in very small size
Therefore the first focused microwave
device was an electrical small antenna
when HTS was discovered
Superconducting electricalsmall antenna
Antenna length k (ll)05
10
Rel
ativ
e ef
fici
ency
Normal metal electricalsmall antenna
Ele
ctri
c fi
eld
in
ten
sity
(dB
)
Superconducting dipolearray antenna
Cu dipole array antenna (RT)
Cu dipole antenna
Frequency (MHz)
From Prof Adachi (Tohoku Univ) 1980
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
10
Helical antenna
Unfortunately the HTS antennas could not
be used for practical application because of
Cooling problem
The gain of the HTS helical antenna is 5 dB or more
as compared with that of copper antenna at 80K
A helical antenna is one of the electrical small antenna
And they can reduce a size of 140 of the wave length
Reported in ISSrsquo92
NTT group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
11
Patch array antenna
The helical antenna cannot be cooled by a small
refrigerator and that is a serious problem for
practical use However patch antennas can be
cooled by a small refrigerator and easy to cool
Mini cryocooler for a patch antenna
The superiority of the superconducting
antenna could be demonstrated but it could
not be put into practical use Superconducting
antennas must be cooled to a low temperature
and that is large disadvantage
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
12
Merits of HTS bandpass filter
Sharp skirt characteristics
Low insertion loss
High frequency selection
The superconducting filters can separate
the signals between Company A and B
but the conventional filter can not
IMT-2000 filters
Tunable filters for software
wireless communication
Superconducting
filter
conventional
filter
Two-band filter for 2G wireless
A company
B company
Superconducting bandpass filter systems have already been put to
practical use for 2G wireless communication in the USA In the 1990rsquos
troubles were continuing among users of two mobile phone companies
22 Second topics HTS filters for mobile communication
Next researches
More than 5000 systems were used for
wireless communication base stations
STI group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
13
ISSrsquo97HTS filters for IMT-2000
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
14
J型共振器
J-type resonator filter for IMT-2000
By Ueno Tsuzuki and Sakakibara AMTEL
Sharp skirt characteristics gt 20dB1MHz
Low insertion loss lt 01dB
High frequency selection gt -80dB at out of band
Superconducting filters didnrsquot use for IMT-2000 because of
high price and maintenance problem
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
15
Tunable filters
By moving a sapphire plate up and down by
a piezo element center frequency of the
filter can shift more than 10 MHz
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
16
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Superconducting
filter
Difference of insertion loss between Cu and superconducting filter
Example
Superconducting filter has quite small insertion loss and sweep skirt
properties however cu filter has large insertion loss
Cu-filter
large Insertion loss
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
5
The surface resistance of
superconducting films is
inversely proportional to the
critical current density
S Ohshima et al IEEE Trans
Applied Superconductivity 13 (2003) 3578
In order to increase Jc of YBCO
films Reduction of grain boundary
density is important
Perfect C-plane oriented films
Single crystal films
How to reduce a surface resistance of superconducting films
Higher Jc films is lower Rs films
Relationship between a surface resistance
and critical current density of YBCO film
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
6
Grain boundary density vs surface resistance
M Kusunoki S Ohshima et al EUCAS 1999
45degrotated grain of
YBCO on MgO substrate
Cube on cube
grain of YBCOSurface resistance vs 45degtilt grain density
Our groupWe could control the density of 45-degree tilt grain by
template deposition method of laser deposition method
and we examined the relationship between its density
and surface resistance
We found that grain boundary increases the Rs of YBCO thin films Therefore
it is important to make thin films with perfect c plane oriented film
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
7
Surface resistance of HTS films in High magnetic field
Surface resistance of YBCOfilms is smaller than Cu films ina high magnetic field
T Honma S Ohshima et al
ISS 2011
Rs(90) Applied magnetic field
direction is normal to a film plane
Rs(0) Applied magnetic field
direction is parallel to a film plane
Our group
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Applied magnetic field (T)
103
102
101
100
Su
rfa
ce r
esis
tan
ce (mW
)
30K
10K
10K
30KPure Cu
Rs(90)
Rs(0) 30K
10K
YBCO
We can use YBCO films for microwave devices worked in high
magnetic field for example NMR pickup coils
Magnetic field dependence of surface resistance
of YBCO films
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
8
2 Some topic of superconducting microwave devices
(1988~2017)
Electrical small antennas
Small size and high quality HTS filtersHelical and patch superconducting antennas
First topics filter and antenna
Second topics HTS bandpass filter for mobile communicationHairpin filter cross-coupled filter
GSM and IMT-2000 filters
Tunable and ultra wide-band filters
Third topics detector and sensor
MKIDsTES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
9
21 Electrical small antennas
Half wave length antenna(Yagi antenna)
Normally we cannot use a electrical
small antenna because efficiency is
small However the efficiency of
superconducting electrical small
antenna is large even in very small size
Therefore the first focused microwave
device was an electrical small antenna
when HTS was discovered
Superconducting electricalsmall antenna
Antenna length k (ll)05
10
Rel
ativ
e ef
fici
ency
Normal metal electricalsmall antenna
Ele
ctri
c fi
eld
in
ten
sity
(dB
)
Superconducting dipolearray antenna
Cu dipole array antenna (RT)
Cu dipole antenna
Frequency (MHz)
From Prof Adachi (Tohoku Univ) 1980
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
10
Helical antenna
Unfortunately the HTS antennas could not
be used for practical application because of
Cooling problem
The gain of the HTS helical antenna is 5 dB or more
as compared with that of copper antenna at 80K
A helical antenna is one of the electrical small antenna
And they can reduce a size of 140 of the wave length
Reported in ISSrsquo92
NTT group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
11
Patch array antenna
The helical antenna cannot be cooled by a small
refrigerator and that is a serious problem for
practical use However patch antennas can be
cooled by a small refrigerator and easy to cool
Mini cryocooler for a patch antenna
The superiority of the superconducting
antenna could be demonstrated but it could
not be put into practical use Superconducting
antennas must be cooled to a low temperature
and that is large disadvantage
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
12
Merits of HTS bandpass filter
Sharp skirt characteristics
Low insertion loss
High frequency selection
The superconducting filters can separate
the signals between Company A and B
but the conventional filter can not
IMT-2000 filters
Tunable filters for software
wireless communication
Superconducting
filter
conventional
filter
Two-band filter for 2G wireless
A company
B company
Superconducting bandpass filter systems have already been put to
practical use for 2G wireless communication in the USA In the 1990rsquos
troubles were continuing among users of two mobile phone companies
22 Second topics HTS filters for mobile communication
Next researches
More than 5000 systems were used for
wireless communication base stations
STI group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
13
ISSrsquo97HTS filters for IMT-2000
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
14
J型共振器
J-type resonator filter for IMT-2000
By Ueno Tsuzuki and Sakakibara AMTEL
Sharp skirt characteristics gt 20dB1MHz
Low insertion loss lt 01dB
High frequency selection gt -80dB at out of band
Superconducting filters didnrsquot use for IMT-2000 because of
high price and maintenance problem
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
15
Tunable filters
By moving a sapphire plate up and down by
a piezo element center frequency of the
filter can shift more than 10 MHz
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
16
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
The surface resistance of
superconducting films is
inversely proportional to the
critical current density
S Ohshima et al IEEE Trans
Applied Superconductivity 13 (2003) 3578
In order to increase Jc of YBCO
films Reduction of grain boundary
density is important
Perfect C-plane oriented films
Single crystal films
How to reduce a surface resistance of superconducting films
Higher Jc films is lower Rs films
Relationship between a surface resistance
and critical current density of YBCO film
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
6
Grain boundary density vs surface resistance
M Kusunoki S Ohshima et al EUCAS 1999
45degrotated grain of
YBCO on MgO substrate
Cube on cube
grain of YBCOSurface resistance vs 45degtilt grain density
Our groupWe could control the density of 45-degree tilt grain by
template deposition method of laser deposition method
and we examined the relationship between its density
and surface resistance
We found that grain boundary increases the Rs of YBCO thin films Therefore
it is important to make thin films with perfect c plane oriented film
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
7
Surface resistance of HTS films in High magnetic field
Surface resistance of YBCOfilms is smaller than Cu films ina high magnetic field
T Honma S Ohshima et al
ISS 2011
Rs(90) Applied magnetic field
direction is normal to a film plane
Rs(0) Applied magnetic field
direction is parallel to a film plane
Our group
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Applied magnetic field (T)
103
102
101
100
Su
rfa
ce r
esis
tan
ce (mW
)
30K
10K
10K
30KPure Cu
Rs(90)
Rs(0) 30K
10K
YBCO
We can use YBCO films for microwave devices worked in high
magnetic field for example NMR pickup coils
Magnetic field dependence of surface resistance
of YBCO films
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
8
2 Some topic of superconducting microwave devices
(1988~2017)
Electrical small antennas
Small size and high quality HTS filtersHelical and patch superconducting antennas
First topics filter and antenna
Second topics HTS bandpass filter for mobile communicationHairpin filter cross-coupled filter
GSM and IMT-2000 filters
Tunable and ultra wide-band filters
Third topics detector and sensor
MKIDsTES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
9
21 Electrical small antennas
Half wave length antenna(Yagi antenna)
Normally we cannot use a electrical
small antenna because efficiency is
small However the efficiency of
superconducting electrical small
antenna is large even in very small size
Therefore the first focused microwave
device was an electrical small antenna
when HTS was discovered
Superconducting electricalsmall antenna
Antenna length k (ll)05
10
Rel
ativ
e ef
fici
ency
Normal metal electricalsmall antenna
Ele
ctri
c fi
eld
in
ten
sity
(dB
)
Superconducting dipolearray antenna
Cu dipole array antenna (RT)
Cu dipole antenna
Frequency (MHz)
From Prof Adachi (Tohoku Univ) 1980
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
10
Helical antenna
Unfortunately the HTS antennas could not
be used for practical application because of
Cooling problem
The gain of the HTS helical antenna is 5 dB or more
as compared with that of copper antenna at 80K
A helical antenna is one of the electrical small antenna
And they can reduce a size of 140 of the wave length
Reported in ISSrsquo92
NTT group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
11
Patch array antenna
The helical antenna cannot be cooled by a small
refrigerator and that is a serious problem for
practical use However patch antennas can be
cooled by a small refrigerator and easy to cool
Mini cryocooler for a patch antenna
The superiority of the superconducting
antenna could be demonstrated but it could
not be put into practical use Superconducting
antennas must be cooled to a low temperature
and that is large disadvantage
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
12
Merits of HTS bandpass filter
Sharp skirt characteristics
Low insertion loss
High frequency selection
The superconducting filters can separate
the signals between Company A and B
but the conventional filter can not
IMT-2000 filters
Tunable filters for software
wireless communication
Superconducting
filter
conventional
filter
Two-band filter for 2G wireless
A company
B company
Superconducting bandpass filter systems have already been put to
practical use for 2G wireless communication in the USA In the 1990rsquos
troubles were continuing among users of two mobile phone companies
22 Second topics HTS filters for mobile communication
Next researches
More than 5000 systems were used for
wireless communication base stations
STI group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
13
ISSrsquo97HTS filters for IMT-2000
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
14
J型共振器
J-type resonator filter for IMT-2000
By Ueno Tsuzuki and Sakakibara AMTEL
Sharp skirt characteristics gt 20dB1MHz
Low insertion loss lt 01dB
High frequency selection gt -80dB at out of band
Superconducting filters didnrsquot use for IMT-2000 because of
high price and maintenance problem
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
15
Tunable filters
By moving a sapphire plate up and down by
a piezo element center frequency of the
filter can shift more than 10 MHz
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
16
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Grain boundary density vs surface resistance
M Kusunoki S Ohshima et al EUCAS 1999
45degrotated grain of
YBCO on MgO substrate
Cube on cube
grain of YBCOSurface resistance vs 45degtilt grain density
Our groupWe could control the density of 45-degree tilt grain by
template deposition method of laser deposition method
and we examined the relationship between its density
and surface resistance
We found that grain boundary increases the Rs of YBCO thin films Therefore
it is important to make thin films with perfect c plane oriented film
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
7
Surface resistance of HTS films in High magnetic field
Surface resistance of YBCOfilms is smaller than Cu films ina high magnetic field
T Honma S Ohshima et al
ISS 2011
Rs(90) Applied magnetic field
direction is normal to a film plane
Rs(0) Applied magnetic field
direction is parallel to a film plane
Our group
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Applied magnetic field (T)
103
102
101
100
Su
rfa
ce r
esis
tan
ce (mW
)
30K
10K
10K
30KPure Cu
Rs(90)
Rs(0) 30K
10K
YBCO
We can use YBCO films for microwave devices worked in high
magnetic field for example NMR pickup coils
Magnetic field dependence of surface resistance
of YBCO films
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
8
2 Some topic of superconducting microwave devices
(1988~2017)
Electrical small antennas
Small size and high quality HTS filtersHelical and patch superconducting antennas
First topics filter and antenna
Second topics HTS bandpass filter for mobile communicationHairpin filter cross-coupled filter
GSM and IMT-2000 filters
Tunable and ultra wide-band filters
Third topics detector and sensor
MKIDsTES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
9
21 Electrical small antennas
Half wave length antenna(Yagi antenna)
Normally we cannot use a electrical
small antenna because efficiency is
small However the efficiency of
superconducting electrical small
antenna is large even in very small size
Therefore the first focused microwave
device was an electrical small antenna
when HTS was discovered
Superconducting electricalsmall antenna
Antenna length k (ll)05
10
Rel
ativ
e ef
fici
ency
Normal metal electricalsmall antenna
Ele
ctri
c fi
eld
in
ten
sity
(dB
)
Superconducting dipolearray antenna
Cu dipole array antenna (RT)
Cu dipole antenna
Frequency (MHz)
From Prof Adachi (Tohoku Univ) 1980
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
10
Helical antenna
Unfortunately the HTS antennas could not
be used for practical application because of
Cooling problem
The gain of the HTS helical antenna is 5 dB or more
as compared with that of copper antenna at 80K
A helical antenna is one of the electrical small antenna
And they can reduce a size of 140 of the wave length
Reported in ISSrsquo92
NTT group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
11
Patch array antenna
The helical antenna cannot be cooled by a small
refrigerator and that is a serious problem for
practical use However patch antennas can be
cooled by a small refrigerator and easy to cool
Mini cryocooler for a patch antenna
The superiority of the superconducting
antenna could be demonstrated but it could
not be put into practical use Superconducting
antennas must be cooled to a low temperature
and that is large disadvantage
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
12
Merits of HTS bandpass filter
Sharp skirt characteristics
Low insertion loss
High frequency selection
The superconducting filters can separate
the signals between Company A and B
but the conventional filter can not
IMT-2000 filters
Tunable filters for software
wireless communication
Superconducting
filter
conventional
filter
Two-band filter for 2G wireless
A company
B company
Superconducting bandpass filter systems have already been put to
practical use for 2G wireless communication in the USA In the 1990rsquos
troubles were continuing among users of two mobile phone companies
22 Second topics HTS filters for mobile communication
Next researches
More than 5000 systems were used for
wireless communication base stations
STI group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
13
ISSrsquo97HTS filters for IMT-2000
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
14
J型共振器
J-type resonator filter for IMT-2000
By Ueno Tsuzuki and Sakakibara AMTEL
Sharp skirt characteristics gt 20dB1MHz
Low insertion loss lt 01dB
High frequency selection gt -80dB at out of band
Superconducting filters didnrsquot use for IMT-2000 because of
high price and maintenance problem
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
15
Tunable filters
By moving a sapphire plate up and down by
a piezo element center frequency of the
filter can shift more than 10 MHz
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
16
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Surface resistance of HTS films in High magnetic field
Surface resistance of YBCOfilms is smaller than Cu films ina high magnetic field
T Honma S Ohshima et al
ISS 2011
Rs(90) Applied magnetic field
direction is normal to a film plane
Rs(0) Applied magnetic field
direction is parallel to a film plane
Our group
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Applied magnetic field (T)
103
102
101
100
Su
rfa
ce r
esis
tan
ce (mW
)
30K
10K
10K
30KPure Cu
Rs(90)
Rs(0) 30K
10K
YBCO
We can use YBCO films for microwave devices worked in high
magnetic field for example NMR pickup coils
Magnetic field dependence of surface resistance
of YBCO films
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
8
2 Some topic of superconducting microwave devices
(1988~2017)
Electrical small antennas
Small size and high quality HTS filtersHelical and patch superconducting antennas
First topics filter and antenna
Second topics HTS bandpass filter for mobile communicationHairpin filter cross-coupled filter
GSM and IMT-2000 filters
Tunable and ultra wide-band filters
Third topics detector and sensor
MKIDsTES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
9
21 Electrical small antennas
Half wave length antenna(Yagi antenna)
Normally we cannot use a electrical
small antenna because efficiency is
small However the efficiency of
superconducting electrical small
antenna is large even in very small size
Therefore the first focused microwave
device was an electrical small antenna
when HTS was discovered
Superconducting electricalsmall antenna
Antenna length k (ll)05
10
Rel
ativ
e ef
fici
ency
Normal metal electricalsmall antenna
Ele
ctri
c fi
eld
in
ten
sity
(dB
)
Superconducting dipolearray antenna
Cu dipole array antenna (RT)
Cu dipole antenna
Frequency (MHz)
From Prof Adachi (Tohoku Univ) 1980
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
10
Helical antenna
Unfortunately the HTS antennas could not
be used for practical application because of
Cooling problem
The gain of the HTS helical antenna is 5 dB or more
as compared with that of copper antenna at 80K
A helical antenna is one of the electrical small antenna
And they can reduce a size of 140 of the wave length
Reported in ISSrsquo92
NTT group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
11
Patch array antenna
The helical antenna cannot be cooled by a small
refrigerator and that is a serious problem for
practical use However patch antennas can be
cooled by a small refrigerator and easy to cool
Mini cryocooler for a patch antenna
The superiority of the superconducting
antenna could be demonstrated but it could
not be put into practical use Superconducting
antennas must be cooled to a low temperature
and that is large disadvantage
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
12
Merits of HTS bandpass filter
Sharp skirt characteristics
Low insertion loss
High frequency selection
The superconducting filters can separate
the signals between Company A and B
but the conventional filter can not
IMT-2000 filters
Tunable filters for software
wireless communication
Superconducting
filter
conventional
filter
Two-band filter for 2G wireless
A company
B company
Superconducting bandpass filter systems have already been put to
practical use for 2G wireless communication in the USA In the 1990rsquos
troubles were continuing among users of two mobile phone companies
22 Second topics HTS filters for mobile communication
Next researches
More than 5000 systems were used for
wireless communication base stations
STI group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
13
ISSrsquo97HTS filters for IMT-2000
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
14
J型共振器
J-type resonator filter for IMT-2000
By Ueno Tsuzuki and Sakakibara AMTEL
Sharp skirt characteristics gt 20dB1MHz
Low insertion loss lt 01dB
High frequency selection gt -80dB at out of band
Superconducting filters didnrsquot use for IMT-2000 because of
high price and maintenance problem
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
15
Tunable filters
By moving a sapphire plate up and down by
a piezo element center frequency of the
filter can shift more than 10 MHz
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
16
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
2 Some topic of superconducting microwave devices
(1988~2017)
Electrical small antennas
Small size and high quality HTS filtersHelical and patch superconducting antennas
First topics filter and antenna
Second topics HTS bandpass filter for mobile communicationHairpin filter cross-coupled filter
GSM and IMT-2000 filters
Tunable and ultra wide-band filters
Third topics detector and sensor
MKIDsTES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
9
21 Electrical small antennas
Half wave length antenna(Yagi antenna)
Normally we cannot use a electrical
small antenna because efficiency is
small However the efficiency of
superconducting electrical small
antenna is large even in very small size
Therefore the first focused microwave
device was an electrical small antenna
when HTS was discovered
Superconducting electricalsmall antenna
Antenna length k (ll)05
10
Rel
ativ
e ef
fici
ency
Normal metal electricalsmall antenna
Ele
ctri
c fi
eld
in
ten
sity
(dB
)
Superconducting dipolearray antenna
Cu dipole array antenna (RT)
Cu dipole antenna
Frequency (MHz)
From Prof Adachi (Tohoku Univ) 1980
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
10
Helical antenna
Unfortunately the HTS antennas could not
be used for practical application because of
Cooling problem
The gain of the HTS helical antenna is 5 dB or more
as compared with that of copper antenna at 80K
A helical antenna is one of the electrical small antenna
And they can reduce a size of 140 of the wave length
Reported in ISSrsquo92
NTT group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
11
Patch array antenna
The helical antenna cannot be cooled by a small
refrigerator and that is a serious problem for
practical use However patch antennas can be
cooled by a small refrigerator and easy to cool
Mini cryocooler for a patch antenna
The superiority of the superconducting
antenna could be demonstrated but it could
not be put into practical use Superconducting
antennas must be cooled to a low temperature
and that is large disadvantage
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
12
Merits of HTS bandpass filter
Sharp skirt characteristics
Low insertion loss
High frequency selection
The superconducting filters can separate
the signals between Company A and B
but the conventional filter can not
IMT-2000 filters
Tunable filters for software
wireless communication
Superconducting
filter
conventional
filter
Two-band filter for 2G wireless
A company
B company
Superconducting bandpass filter systems have already been put to
practical use for 2G wireless communication in the USA In the 1990rsquos
troubles were continuing among users of two mobile phone companies
22 Second topics HTS filters for mobile communication
Next researches
More than 5000 systems were used for
wireless communication base stations
STI group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
13
ISSrsquo97HTS filters for IMT-2000
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
14
J型共振器
J-type resonator filter for IMT-2000
By Ueno Tsuzuki and Sakakibara AMTEL
Sharp skirt characteristics gt 20dB1MHz
Low insertion loss lt 01dB
High frequency selection gt -80dB at out of band
Superconducting filters didnrsquot use for IMT-2000 because of
high price and maintenance problem
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
15
Tunable filters
By moving a sapphire plate up and down by
a piezo element center frequency of the
filter can shift more than 10 MHz
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
16
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
21 Electrical small antennas
Half wave length antenna(Yagi antenna)
Normally we cannot use a electrical
small antenna because efficiency is
small However the efficiency of
superconducting electrical small
antenna is large even in very small size
Therefore the first focused microwave
device was an electrical small antenna
when HTS was discovered
Superconducting electricalsmall antenna
Antenna length k (ll)05
10
Rel
ativ
e ef
fici
ency
Normal metal electricalsmall antenna
Ele
ctri
c fi
eld
in
ten
sity
(dB
)
Superconducting dipolearray antenna
Cu dipole array antenna (RT)
Cu dipole antenna
Frequency (MHz)
From Prof Adachi (Tohoku Univ) 1980
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
10
Helical antenna
Unfortunately the HTS antennas could not
be used for practical application because of
Cooling problem
The gain of the HTS helical antenna is 5 dB or more
as compared with that of copper antenna at 80K
A helical antenna is one of the electrical small antenna
And they can reduce a size of 140 of the wave length
Reported in ISSrsquo92
NTT group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
11
Patch array antenna
The helical antenna cannot be cooled by a small
refrigerator and that is a serious problem for
practical use However patch antennas can be
cooled by a small refrigerator and easy to cool
Mini cryocooler for a patch antenna
The superiority of the superconducting
antenna could be demonstrated but it could
not be put into practical use Superconducting
antennas must be cooled to a low temperature
and that is large disadvantage
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
12
Merits of HTS bandpass filter
Sharp skirt characteristics
Low insertion loss
High frequency selection
The superconducting filters can separate
the signals between Company A and B
but the conventional filter can not
IMT-2000 filters
Tunable filters for software
wireless communication
Superconducting
filter
conventional
filter
Two-band filter for 2G wireless
A company
B company
Superconducting bandpass filter systems have already been put to
practical use for 2G wireless communication in the USA In the 1990rsquos
troubles were continuing among users of two mobile phone companies
22 Second topics HTS filters for mobile communication
Next researches
More than 5000 systems were used for
wireless communication base stations
STI group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
13
ISSrsquo97HTS filters for IMT-2000
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
14
J型共振器
J-type resonator filter for IMT-2000
By Ueno Tsuzuki and Sakakibara AMTEL
Sharp skirt characteristics gt 20dB1MHz
Low insertion loss lt 01dB
High frequency selection gt -80dB at out of band
Superconducting filters didnrsquot use for IMT-2000 because of
high price and maintenance problem
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
15
Tunable filters
By moving a sapphire plate up and down by
a piezo element center frequency of the
filter can shift more than 10 MHz
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
16
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Helical antenna
Unfortunately the HTS antennas could not
be used for practical application because of
Cooling problem
The gain of the HTS helical antenna is 5 dB or more
as compared with that of copper antenna at 80K
A helical antenna is one of the electrical small antenna
And they can reduce a size of 140 of the wave length
Reported in ISSrsquo92
NTT group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
11
Patch array antenna
The helical antenna cannot be cooled by a small
refrigerator and that is a serious problem for
practical use However patch antennas can be
cooled by a small refrigerator and easy to cool
Mini cryocooler for a patch antenna
The superiority of the superconducting
antenna could be demonstrated but it could
not be put into practical use Superconducting
antennas must be cooled to a low temperature
and that is large disadvantage
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
12
Merits of HTS bandpass filter
Sharp skirt characteristics
Low insertion loss
High frequency selection
The superconducting filters can separate
the signals between Company A and B
but the conventional filter can not
IMT-2000 filters
Tunable filters for software
wireless communication
Superconducting
filter
conventional
filter
Two-band filter for 2G wireless
A company
B company
Superconducting bandpass filter systems have already been put to
practical use for 2G wireless communication in the USA In the 1990rsquos
troubles were continuing among users of two mobile phone companies
22 Second topics HTS filters for mobile communication
Next researches
More than 5000 systems were used for
wireless communication base stations
STI group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
13
ISSrsquo97HTS filters for IMT-2000
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
14
J型共振器
J-type resonator filter for IMT-2000
By Ueno Tsuzuki and Sakakibara AMTEL
Sharp skirt characteristics gt 20dB1MHz
Low insertion loss lt 01dB
High frequency selection gt -80dB at out of band
Superconducting filters didnrsquot use for IMT-2000 because of
high price and maintenance problem
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
15
Tunable filters
By moving a sapphire plate up and down by
a piezo element center frequency of the
filter can shift more than 10 MHz
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
16
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Patch array antenna
The helical antenna cannot be cooled by a small
refrigerator and that is a serious problem for
practical use However patch antennas can be
cooled by a small refrigerator and easy to cool
Mini cryocooler for a patch antenna
The superiority of the superconducting
antenna could be demonstrated but it could
not be put into practical use Superconducting
antennas must be cooled to a low temperature
and that is large disadvantage
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
12
Merits of HTS bandpass filter
Sharp skirt characteristics
Low insertion loss
High frequency selection
The superconducting filters can separate
the signals between Company A and B
but the conventional filter can not
IMT-2000 filters
Tunable filters for software
wireless communication
Superconducting
filter
conventional
filter
Two-band filter for 2G wireless
A company
B company
Superconducting bandpass filter systems have already been put to
practical use for 2G wireless communication in the USA In the 1990rsquos
troubles were continuing among users of two mobile phone companies
22 Second topics HTS filters for mobile communication
Next researches
More than 5000 systems were used for
wireless communication base stations
STI group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
13
ISSrsquo97HTS filters for IMT-2000
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
14
J型共振器
J-type resonator filter for IMT-2000
By Ueno Tsuzuki and Sakakibara AMTEL
Sharp skirt characteristics gt 20dB1MHz
Low insertion loss lt 01dB
High frequency selection gt -80dB at out of band
Superconducting filters didnrsquot use for IMT-2000 because of
high price and maintenance problem
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
15
Tunable filters
By moving a sapphire plate up and down by
a piezo element center frequency of the
filter can shift more than 10 MHz
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
16
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Merits of HTS bandpass filter
Sharp skirt characteristics
Low insertion loss
High frequency selection
The superconducting filters can separate
the signals between Company A and B
but the conventional filter can not
IMT-2000 filters
Tunable filters for software
wireless communication
Superconducting
filter
conventional
filter
Two-band filter for 2G wireless
A company
B company
Superconducting bandpass filter systems have already been put to
practical use for 2G wireless communication in the USA In the 1990rsquos
troubles were continuing among users of two mobile phone companies
22 Second topics HTS filters for mobile communication
Next researches
More than 5000 systems were used for
wireless communication base stations
STI group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
13
ISSrsquo97HTS filters for IMT-2000
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
14
J型共振器
J-type resonator filter for IMT-2000
By Ueno Tsuzuki and Sakakibara AMTEL
Sharp skirt characteristics gt 20dB1MHz
Low insertion loss lt 01dB
High frequency selection gt -80dB at out of band
Superconducting filters didnrsquot use for IMT-2000 because of
high price and maintenance problem
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
15
Tunable filters
By moving a sapphire plate up and down by
a piezo element center frequency of the
filter can shift more than 10 MHz
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
16
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
ISSrsquo97HTS filters for IMT-2000
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
14
J型共振器
J-type resonator filter for IMT-2000
By Ueno Tsuzuki and Sakakibara AMTEL
Sharp skirt characteristics gt 20dB1MHz
Low insertion loss lt 01dB
High frequency selection gt -80dB at out of band
Superconducting filters didnrsquot use for IMT-2000 because of
high price and maintenance problem
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
15
Tunable filters
By moving a sapphire plate up and down by
a piezo element center frequency of the
filter can shift more than 10 MHz
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
16
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
J型共振器
J-type resonator filter for IMT-2000
By Ueno Tsuzuki and Sakakibara AMTEL
Sharp skirt characteristics gt 20dB1MHz
Low insertion loss lt 01dB
High frequency selection gt -80dB at out of band
Superconducting filters didnrsquot use for IMT-2000 because of
high price and maintenance problem
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
15
Tunable filters
By moving a sapphire plate up and down by
a piezo element center frequency of the
filter can shift more than 10 MHz
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
16
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Tunable filters
By moving a sapphire plate up and down by
a piezo element center frequency of the
filter can shift more than 10 MHz
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
16
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Stepping mortar
Gear converter
Rotary-to-linear converter
Cu cavityDielectric platedrive bar
Sapphiremagnetic rods drive bar
Pulse tube refrigerator
Cold head ofcryocooler
Schematic diagram of automatic tuning system
Picture of automatic tuning system
ISS2007
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
17
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Achieve 500MHz shift with automatic tuning system
18
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
44 46 48 5 52
499GHz
49GHz
48GHz
47GHz
46GHz
454GHz
S2
1 [
dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
高周波側へシフト低周波側シフト
By moving a sapphire rod by a stepping mortar
center frequency of the filter can be shifted more
than 500 MHz and the time required for the shift is
less than 05 seconds
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
18
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Matsushita et al(1999)
23 Third topicsWhen observing cosmic radio waves on the ground it is necessary to
use electromagnetic waves with a low absorption in the air
600 to 900 GHz band is useful to observe radio waveWindow
Relationship between frequency and absorptivity of air
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
19
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
MKIDs
MKID is an excellent element for detecting Terahertz waves
Principle of MKIDs When Terahertz waves are irradiated to
superconducting LC resonators resonance frequency is shifted
to lower side because cooper pairs are broken That is we can
detect Terahertz wave by using ~GHz resonator
Merits of MKIDs
(1) Easy to array (can be more than 10000 pixels)
(2) Only Two lines of input output (coplanar shape)
(3) High sensitivity
Before irradiation
After irradiation
Frequency shift
TH
LC resonator
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
20
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
~ Spiral-MKIDs ~
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
5245 5245 5245
Lk=035pHsq
Lk=035pHsq
Mag
nit
ud
e [d
B]
Frequency [GHz]
Qu gt 100000
Small sized microwave
resonator with high Qu
THz antenna
for wide band
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
21
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
TES X-ray microcalorimeters for X-ray astronomy and material analysis
TES X-ray microcalorimeter arrays provide not only high-energy resolution (FWHM lt 10eV) in X-ray
spectroscopy but also imaging and high-counting-rate capabilities They are very promising spectrometer for X-
ray astronomy and material analysis In this paper we report our recent progress For material analysis we have
fabricated 8 x 8 format array with a fast signal response (40 mu s) and proved the energy resolution of 58 eV
FWHM at 59 keV We developed common biasing scheme to reduce number of wirings from room temperature
to the cryogenic stage From measurements using the newly-designed common-bias SQUID array amplifier chips
and from numerical simulations we demonstrated that signal cross talks due to the common bias is enough small
For space applications we are developing frequency-division signal multiplexing system We have fabricated a
baseband feedback system and demonstrated that the noise added by the feedback system is about 4 eV FWHM
equivalent for 16 ch multiplexing system The digital to analog converter (DAC) dominates the noise and needs
be reduced by a factor of four for future astronomy missions (C) 2016 Elsevier BV All rights reserved
Au absorber
03times03 mm2
05 mm
Si
TES
05 mm
TES
(Ti-Au)
SiNx(1mm)
Si
Heat Sink TS
X-ray Photon (Energy E)
Thermal link (Conductance G)
X-ray Absorbb er
Thermometer
T (Heat Capacitance C)
=CG
Time
Te
mpera
ture
photon absorption
EC
Energy resolution in X-ray
spectroscopy lt 4eV
JAXA groupKazuhisa Mitsuda
TES
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
22
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Contents
1 Main reports of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS films for microwave devices
3 Practical applications of HTS filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devices
5 Summary
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
32 Narrow bandpass filter for weather radar
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB
communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
23
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
31 City noise reduction for radio astronomy
As wireless communication becomes popular city noisesare superimposed on the radio telescope on Kashima34m radio telescope and weak cosmic electromagneticwaves can not be observed
図1
Base station
cosmic waves
Wireless
LAN
Radio telescope
Frequency response of bandpass filtersfor radio telescope
Conventional
filter
Superconducting
filter
f
Pass characteristics
Require broadband bandpass filter with
excellent out-of-band rejection
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
24
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
From A Kawai CR News March 2004 No336
Actual filter characteristics
Conventional filter (19 stage cavity filter)
Uncontrollable noise
Narrow bandwidth
Slow skirt
property
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Rec
eiv
er o
utp
ut(
dB
m)
Sharp skirt
property
Wide
bandwidth
Frequency
Superconducting filter (32 stage HTS filter)
AMTEL group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
25
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
(a) 通常フィルタ (a) 超伝導フィルタ
Similar research was done in China
Picture of Radio Telescope in Beijing
Superconducting bandpass
filter system
Conventional filter Superconducting filter
Mobile phone noise WiFi noise
We can eliminate mobile phones and WiFi Noise by using superconducting filters
From Prof BS Cao of Tsinghua Univ China
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
26
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
214
Narrow band pass filter required
Weather radar is important to detect the density and moving
speed of rain clouds however used wide frequency band is
trouble to other system It is necessary to narrow the band width
The MIAC policy
Some 5GHz-band is released for wireless communication so we need
narrower the bandwidth of the weather radar
188MHz 88MHz
MIAC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Required of superconducting narrow band filter
weather radar
Radiationfrequency
Doppler effect
higher
lower
32 Ultra narrow bandpass filters for a weather radar
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
27
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Required performance for band pass filter for weather radar
(a) Ultra-narrow band
(b) High rejection at out of band
(c) High power durability
215
Wide-band filter
Superconducting filter
Ceramics filter
Narrow-band filter
In the case of a narrow band filter the
insertion loss increases when we use large
surface resistance materials
For superconducting bandpass
filters insertion loss is quite small
and skirt property is quite sharp
Therefore it is suitable for weather
radar filter
High power durability is not
easy for superconducting filter
Weather radar channel
Conventional
filter Superconducting filter
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
28
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
HTS filter
HTS filter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
Cavityfilter
90degree phase inverter
Input signal
Magic T
Schematic diagram of a weather radar system
They designed hybrid filters of cavity resonators and superconducting
resonators High power electromagnetic go directly to output or go to
the cavity resonators by magic T and phase inverter Only weak
signals go to superconducting filters
input output
Weather radar bandpass filter system designed by Toshiba group
They realized a narrowband superconducting bandpass filter system for high power weather radar
From Dr Kayano of Toshiba
Toshiba group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
29
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Ultrafast communication
only in closed area
Narrowband Communication(GSM)~ 30kHz
Frequency
Ra
dia
ted
po
wer
den
sity
220
33 Ultra-wideband bandpass filter for UWB communication
UWB communication is useful for ultrafast communication and local area communication however the used frequency band is quite wide
Schematic figure of frequency band and radiation power of W-CDM GSM and UWB communication
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
30
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
UWB
UWB
UWB frequency band in Japan
The frequency band used for UWB communication has already been
used for other wireless communication Therefore the UWB
communication filter is required to have a very sharp skirt characteristic
Low band (34-48GHz)
High band (725-1025 GHz)
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
31
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
HTS filer for UWB communication
H Ishii and S Ohshima Development of UWB HTS Bandpass Filters with Microstrip Stubs ndashLoaded
Three-Mode Resonator IEEE Trans Applied Superconductivity Vol 23 (2013) 1500204
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 2 4 6 8
Simulated S11
Simulated S21
Measured S11
Measured S21
UWB limit
Ma
gn
itu
de
[dB
]
Frequency [GHz]
T = 225 K
221
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
|S11
| |S
21| (
dB)
7654321Frequency (GHz)
|S11|
|S21|
Our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
32
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
UWB band(31~106GHz)
GSM
CDMA
Wifi
3G LTE
UWB HTS filter in ChinaFrequency allocation for UWB in China
Lu X Wei B Xu Z et al IEEE
Trans Microw Theory Techn Apr
2015 63(4)1281-1
BWei提供 222Frequency response of UWB filter of
BS Cao group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
33
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Contents
1 Some topics of superconducting microwave devices
2 HTS film conditions required for highly efficient microwave devices
3 Superconducting bandpass filters
4 Prospective superconducting microwave devicesNMR HTS probes
5 Summary
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
34
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Sensitivity of NMR due to NMR pickup coil
Pickup coil for NMR
Cooling stage
41 Development of high sensitivity NMR pickup coil
Superconducting NMR pickup coil
improves the sensitivity more than 100
times when copper pickup coil is used
119876119871 prop1
119877119904
119878
119873|119873119872119877 prop
120578119876119871119879119890119891119891 + 119879119886119898
L
eff
am
Filling factor
Q Quality facter of coil
T Effective sampletemperature
T Temperatureof pre amplifier
05
7
05
3
72x10 (100 20)100
84x10 (300 300)
YBCOcoil
YBCO coil
Cu coilCu coil
SN
SN
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
35
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Sample tubeCu shield tube
YBCO pickup
coil (~20K)
Supported
dry gas flow
Supported by JEOL RESONANCE
Cooling system of a superconducting pickup coil
Power supplying
coilRefrigerator
Picture of NMR pickup coil
Heat exchanger
~18 K
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
36
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Input power to the NMR coil(dBm) -50 -30 -10 10
QL
of
the
NM
R c
oil
1000
5000
10000
50000
800MHz 141 T
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
37
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
NMR signals using YBCO pickup coil
119878 119873 119884119861119862119874
119878 119873 119862119906
≃ 50
JEOL and our group
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
38
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
5 Summary
Looking back on the 30 years of superconducting microwave
devices we can see that the research has greatly evolved
from basic research into practical application research
For example the superconducting bandpass filters are used
not only in the field of mobile communication but also for
radio astronomy field and weather radar Microwave and
Terahertz detector of high sensitivity also evolve from the
security field to receiving weak radio waves from space As a
new development in the future I think that the development of
composite device is important for example with
semiconductors and magnetic materials I am expecting
future development
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
39
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40
Thank you for your attention
IEEECSC amp ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition) February 2018 Invited presentation ED6-3-INV was given at ISS 2017 December 13-15 2017 Tokyo Japan
40