A Summary of Puritanism and Its Impact on American Literature
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Transcript of A Summary of Puritanism and Its Impact on American Literature
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Alaska Hawaii
The Map of
THE UNITED STATES
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• The definition of Puritanism
• The creeds of Puritanism
• The characteristics of Puritanism
A Summary of PuritanismA Summary of Puritanism
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The definition of Puritanism
• Puritanism was a religious reform movement that arose within the Church of England in the late sixteenth century. Under the siege from
church and crown, it sent an offshoot(分支 ) in the third and fourth decades of the seventeenth century to the northern English colonies in the New World.
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The definition of Puritanism
• Puritanism was not only a historically specific phenomenon coincident with the founding of New England; it was also a way of being in the world, a style of response to lived experience.
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The creeds of Puritanism
• unconditional election( 无条件拣选)
• limited atonement( 有限救赎 ) • total depravity( 完全堕落 )
• irresistible grace( 不可抗拒的恩典 )
• perseverance of the saints( 圣徒的坚守 )
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The characteristics of Puritanism
Original sin and predestination
Limited atonement and hardworking
Individualism and pioneering spirit
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Original sin and predestination
Human beings should honor and obey the God.
Human beings had an inherent evil from generation to generation.
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Original sin and predestination
Before the matter happening, the God can determine who should be persevered and who should leave.
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Limited atonement and hardworking
• Every ordinary people can testify himself for being a choice of the God.
• They were obligated to manage the affairs of state.
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Limited atonement and hardworking
• They followed saints and did their utmost to restrain themselves with highly moral standards.
• So when the earliest immigrants saw the land and open country, they firmly believe that the God held a certain purpose to put them in there.
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Individualism and pioneering spirit
• They must be the pioneers with great tenacity and boldness.
• They must explore and conquer the miraculous world.
• They must spread the blessing of the God to everywhere in the world.
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Individualism and pioneering spirit
• They were full of sense of mission and desire for success.
• Pioneering sprit should perform the arrangements of God, with devotion and responsibility.
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Harvard University
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Yale UniversityYale University
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Puritanism’s impact on American literaturePuritanism’s impact on American literature
• Attitude —— optimistic individualism
• Theme——contradiction
• Writing still——symbol
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Attitude —— optimistic individualism
• When facing dangers and difficulties, they were optimistic with the holy and pure mission.
• Optimistic spirit of Puritanism endowed Americans, which render American optimistic toward life and whole world.
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Attitude —— optimistic individualism
• The Autobiography written by Benjamin Franklin
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Attitude —— optimistic individualism
• He told a story about a man who was born in a poor family, but eventually he succeeded by working hard. He realized the American dream. So he expressed the strong desire and optimistic attitude of American.
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Theme——contradiction
• In puritans’ opinion, the God owned absolute power to save human beings. And also human beings can get favor from God.
• They were afraid that they had got liberation from the Old World, and they fell into another trap that refers to the New World.
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Theme——contradiction
•
• The Pioneers written by James Fennimore Cooper
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Theme——contradiction
• In his book, there are two main characters, one is a free man and the other is a judge. Free man represents nature, and judge represents development of society and the rule of the society.
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Writing style——symbol
• Symbolism is an essential part between religion and art. In fact, many writers use symbolism in their works. And also symbolism is a central part in figure of speech.
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Writing style——symbol
• The earliest puritans are good symbols. They are working hard to build their Garden of Eden with unflinching courage. The physical world is a symbol of God.
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Writing style——symbol
• the Scarlet Letter written by Nathaniel Hawthorne
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Writing style——symbol
• The letter A is a symbol. In different situation, the letter A has different meanings. A refers to adultery, angel or able, and so on.
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