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A Proposed Approach to A Proposed Approach to BCS Energy RegulationBCS Energy Regulation

AHAM PTI Proposal April 9, 2008

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Appliance Battery Charging SystemsAppliance Battery Charging Systems

This regulation establishes energy This regulation establishes energy efficiency requirements for appliance efficiency requirements for appliance battery charging systemsbattery charging systems

Appliance = a product where the primary Appliance = a product where the primary output is mechanical motion, light, the output is mechanical motion, light, the movement of air, or production of heat, but movement of air, or production of heat, but excluding products for the transportation excluding products for the transportation or conveyance of people or cargo.or conveyance of people or cargo.

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ScopeScope Our products include integral and detachable Our products include integral and detachable

batteries: batteries: Integral—battery is not removable and charged within Integral—battery is not removable and charged within

the appliance (e.g. cordless shaver, some power the appliance (e.g. cordless shaver, some power tools)tools)

Detachable—battery is a separate entity and is Detachable—battery is a separate entity and is removed from the appliance for charging. (e.g. power removed from the appliance for charging. (e.g. power tool with battery packtool with battery pack

We do not include batteries charged in the We do not include batteries charged in the product that may be removed with the power product that may be removed with the power source connectedsource connected We call “swappable” (e.g. laptop, cell phone)We call “swappable” (e.g. laptop, cell phone)

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EPS’sEPS’s

Some BCS’s use external adapters.Some BCS’s use external adapters. Usually wall- mountsUsually wall- mounts

CEC has stated that BCS’s regulated by CEC has stated that BCS’s regulated by this standard would not also be regulated this standard would not also be regulated as EPS’sas EPS’s

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The effects of this scope definition The effects of this scope definition is to: is to:

Integral and Detachable are included as Integral and Detachable are included as appliance BCS’sappliance BCS’s Therefore adapters would NOT be regulated Therefore adapters would NOT be regulated

as EPSas EPS Adapter efficiency measured as part of Adapter efficiency measured as part of

system efficiencysystem efficiency ““Swappable” are not includedSwappable” are not included

The adaptors for a “swappable” product could The adaptors for a “swappable” product could be covered by the EPS regulationsbe covered by the EPS regulations

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ConstructionConstruction

Separate section of Title 20 for appliance Separate section of Title 20 for appliance battery chargersbattery chargers

Corresponding definitionsCorresponding definitions Reference to the appropriate sections of Reference to the appropriate sections of

the test method for tests the test method for tests Derive data from test methodDerive data from test method Calculation and assessment of “efficiency” Calculation and assessment of “efficiency”

within regulationwithin regulation

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General Philosophy General Philosophy Measure and save real energyMeasure and save real energy

Sensitive to wide differences in product usageSensitive to wide differences in product usage Aggregate consumption in useAggregate consumption in use Focus on excess energy useFocus on excess energy use

Not restrict design Not restrict design Don’t separately regulate each contributing Don’t separately regulate each contributing

element element

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Key differences from earlier Key differences from earlier approachesapproaches

Inclusion of active modeInclusion of active mode Cycle normalized to 168 hoursCycle normalized to 168 hours

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Key similaritiesKey similarities

System ApproachSystem Approach Our products are really sold as systemsOur products are really sold as systems

Focus on excess energy useFocus on excess energy use Maintenance and standby are already excessMaintenance and standby are already excess Active includes retrievable energy of batteryActive includes retrievable energy of battery Interest in active should be on excess Interest in active should be on excess

consumed in conversion losses, acceptance consumed in conversion losses, acceptance losses, etclosses, etc

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Regulation Philosophy Regulation Philosophy

Uses ER = Ea/Eb approachUses ER = Ea/Eb approach Ea is the accumulated excess energy used by Ea is the accumulated excess energy used by

the BCSthe BCS Eb is energy retrieved from batteryEb is energy retrieved from battery Consider excess energy as the energy not Consider excess energy as the energy not

retrievable from the batteryretrievable from the battery Ideal BCS would have zero excess energy Ideal BCS would have zero excess energy Retain as much of existing appliance methods Retain as much of existing appliance methods

as practicalas practical

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DifferencesDifferences

Include measurement of charging cycle (aka- Include measurement of charging cycle (aka- active mode)active mode)

Use a few categories of Active, Maintenance, Use a few categories of Active, Maintenance, Stand By times as characteristicStand By times as characteristic

Normalize Ea to 168h (1 week) usageNormalize Ea to 168h (1 week) usage Avoid having test engineer open up the battery Avoid having test engineer open up the battery

or applianceor appliance Maintain safety of technician without compromising Maintain safety of technician without compromising

design confidentiality design confidentiality

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Test ProcedureTest Procedure

Use Ecos test method for measurement of Use Ecos test method for measurement of active energy, no-battery mode energy, active energy, no-battery mode energy, and maintenance energyand maintenance energy With suggested simplificationsWith suggested simplifications

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Calculation of Eb – Battery EnergyCalculation of Eb – Battery Energy

Manufacturer reports Wh on battery or integral Manufacturer reports Wh on battery or integral product using Ecos method product using Ecos method With modification for electronic cut-offWith modification for electronic cut-off Consistent with IEC standardsConsistent with IEC standards Avoid conflict with UN/DOT for Li-ionAvoid conflict with UN/DOT for Li-ion

CEC require data submittalCEC require data submittal

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Use of test methodUse of test method

Ec = E24-EbEc = E24-Eb Pm = PmPm = Pm PsPs

Detachable – Ps=Pnb using method 2Detachable – Ps=Pnb using method 2 Integral Integral

Wall adapter – Ps=Pnb using method 3Wall adapter – Ps=Pnb using method 3 AC cord – Ps=0AC cord – Ps=0

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Four BCS Categories Four BCS Categories

1.1. Infrequently charge – Infrequently charge – e.g. shavers corde.g. shavers cord Integral, cord connected or adapterIntegral, cord connected or adapter Charge once in two weeks or less, then Charge once in two weeks or less, then

disconnecteddisconnected

2.2. Cradle based chargers –Cradle based chargers – e.g. Cordless Vacuums with Charging Basee.g. Cordless Vacuums with Charging Base Integral, cord connected or adapterIntegral, cord connected or adapter Charged once per week or less, then left connectedCharged once per week or less, then left connected

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BCS Categories (tools)BCS Categories (tools)

3.3. Consumer (detachable) Consumer (detachable) e.g. “homeowner” power toolse.g. “homeowner” power tools three charges/week/batterythree charges/week/battery Remainder - mix of maintenance and standbyRemainder - mix of maintenance and standby Product sold w/ one batteryProduct sold w/ one battery

4.4. Professional (detachable)Professional (detachable) e.g. Professional or Industrial Cordless Tools e.g. Professional or Industrial Cordless Tools Five charges/week/battery Five charges/week/battery Remainder – mix of maintenance and standbyRemainder – mix of maintenance and standby Product sold w/ two+ batteriesProduct sold w/ two+ batteries

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CategoriesCategories

Approximate based on intended useApproximate based on intended use Does not require analysis of product to Does not require analysis of product to

categorizecategorize

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FormulasFormulas

TitleTitle CriteriaCriteria FormulaFormula

Cradle-Cradle-based based chargercharger

Integral pack with Integral pack with cradlecradle

Ea=Ec + 144PmEa=Ec + 144PmOne 24 hr charge cycle + balance of One 24 hr charge cycle + balance of week in maintweek in maint

InfrequentlyInfrequently

chargedcharged

Integral pack with Integral pack with connector, no connector, no cradlecradle

Ea = Ec (144h Ea = Ec (144h disconnected)disconnected)One 24 hr charge cycle + balance One 24 hr charge cycle + balance of week disconnectedof week disconnected

Consumer Consumer (detachable)(detachable)

Detachable, packed Detachable, packed w/ one batteryw/ one battery

Ea = 3Ec+72Pm+24PsEa = 3Ec+72Pm+24Ps3 x 24hr energy+72 hrs of maint+24 3 x 24hr energy+72 hrs of maint+24 hrs of standbyhrs of standby

Professional Professional (detachable)(detachable)

Detachable, packed Detachable, packed w/2 batteriesw/2 batteries

Ea = 5Ec+36Pm+12PsEa = 5Ec+36Pm+12Ps

168 hrs per week

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Special casesSpecial cases

Medical products—regulated by FDAMedical products—regulated by FDA Recommend exclusion Recommend exclusion Have additional safety requirementsHave additional safety requirements Low volumeLow volume

Low voltage or inductively charged Low voltage or inductively charged Inherently less efficient—conversionInherently less efficient—conversion Safety issuesSafety issues Less opportunity Less opportunity

AgreementAgreement

Can we arrive at agreement to regulate Can we arrive at agreement to regulate appliance battery chargers differently?appliance battery chargers differently?

Separate the energy savings info by Separate the energy savings info by product type.product type.

Recognize manufacturers need time.Recognize manufacturers need time. Draw cutoff on graph using battery voltage Draw cutoff on graph using battery voltage

as X axis? Look at with data.as X axis? Look at with data. Special casesSpecial cases

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