A Primer of Project Management
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Transcript of A Primer of Project Management
The Green Roundtable
Intro to Project Management for Sustainable Design and Construction
1-hour Webinar
and
Agenda
Part 1•Integrated Design Process•Introduction to LEED•What to Focus On•LEED ND-Planning•Sustainable Sites •Energy•Water
Part 2•Environmentally Preferable Products •Green Specs•Indoor Environmental Quality •Green Construction Practices•Cost evaluation tools•LEED O&M•LEED Version 3 •Project Management Tool & Exercise
Agenda
Part 1•Integrated Design Process•Introduction to LEED•Big Picture•LEED ND-Planning•Sustainable Sites •Energy (& IEQ)•Water
Part 2•Environmentally Preferable Products •Green Specs•Indoor Environmental Quality •Green Construction Practices•Cost evaluation tools•LEED O&M•LEED Version 3 •Project Management Tool & Exercise
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Indoor Environmental Quality(Unquantifiable)Daylight, Views, Nature, Art, Social Interaction, Function, etc)
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Reduce,Reuse,Recycle.This includes Buildings!(consider other Lower-Impact Materials such as FSC Wood & Rapidly Renewable Materials)
Breakdown of Initial Embodied Energy by Typical Office Building Components Averaged over Wood, Steel, and Concrete Structures [Cole and Kernan, 1996]
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Water-Efficient Fixtures, Appliances,Irrigation,Equipment.Also consider potential treatment and use of rainwater, greywater, & stormwater; utilize cisterns, raingardens, etc.
Typical Laboratory Water Use [EPA]
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Location, Location, Location.and . . . reduced parking capacity,bike storage,fuel-efficient vehicles,power for plug-in hybrids,carpooling boardshuttles to public transportation,etc.
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
```Roughly Proportional to Carbon Footprint
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
CO2CO2
ELECTRICITY
NATURAL GAS
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
CO2CO2
ELECTRICITY
NATURAL GAS
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s 2.28 : 1
Typical Emissions Factor for Electricity from Co-Gen : Typical Emissions Factor for Steam from Co-Gen
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Note: should be higher for labs, doesn’t account for reduced plug/equipment loads, and isn’t based on actual performance
Note: doesn’t account for cooling tower make-up & lab process water
Note: consider comprehensive campus-wide measures
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Note: doesn’t account for cooling tower make-up & lab process water
Note: consider comprehensive campus-wide measures
Pursue Innovation Credit for Comprehensive Transportation Management
Pursue Innovation Credit for Process Water Reduction
Labs21 Benchmark, CxA, M&V, Reporting, LEED O+M,& Pursue Innovation Credit for Equipment Efficiency
Note: should be higher for labs, doesn’t account for reduced plug/equipment loads, and isn’t based on actual performance
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Energy & Atmosphere: Climate Assessment
MA = 5A
Climate Zones (ASHRAE 90.1):
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Energy & Atmosphere: Climate Assessment
Temperature
Also:•Precipitation Wind Speed
Insolation
Thermal Comfort
Natural Ventilation Potential
Relative HumidityTemp. Insolation
Average day for each month
Jan 1st (1 day)
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Climate Assessment
Micro-Climate:
• Topography• Soil Types• Vegetation• Bodies of Water• Built Environment & Hardscape
The factors above can all effect temperature,humidity, wind speed, solar heat gain, etc.
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Climate-New England Characteristics
1. TemperatureMostly cool & cold
temperaturesHDD: 5786 (2009)Under-heated Period: (< 32 deg F)Keep heat in & cold temp OUT
during Winter
Summers are mild with short hot periods
CDD: 711 (2009)Over-heated Period: (>75 deg F)Protect from Summer sun
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
2. Sunshine Available more than 50% of the daylight hours, Solar Heating has a potential
Let the winter sun IN, and protect from the summer sun.
Climate-New England CharacteristicsBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
3. Relative Humidity:There are periods in Summer when RH is too high
Adds to discomfort
Climate-New England CharacteristicsBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
4. Wind Direction
Winter: North-Westerly &Westerly
Protect from cold Winter winds
Summer: Southerly
Use Natural Ventilation for Summer cooling
Climate-New England CharacteristicsBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
5. Wind Speed
Wind Potential
Wind speed for effective Natural Ventilation during Summer
Wind Energy potential
Climate-New England CharacteristicsBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
6. PrecipitationAverage above 40 inchesUniform throughout the year
(approx above 3 inches every month)
Rainwater collection and re-use
Storm-water retention
Climate-New England CharacteristicsBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
7. Ground TempWarm in Winter & Cool in SummerEarth as a heat sink
(Summer) and heat source (Winter)
Geothermal (Heat Pumps) potential
Earth-berm / Earth-sheltering potential
Climate-New England CharacteristicsBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
1. Internal Heat Gain
2. Passive Solar &
Daylighting
3. Natural Ventilation &
Natural Conditioning
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies
1. Internal Heat Gain• Occupants
o Heat generation• Lighting & Equipment
o Essentially electric-resistance heato Optimize efficiency and reduce loads
Occupants Lighting Equipment(motors, appliances, etc)
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies
Passive Strategies
2. Passive Solar & Daylighting - Passive Solar Heating
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies
Building Orientation Tools
Optimal orientation (175 deg East of True North)Advantages: Max heat gain (winter) & Summer winds
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies2. Passive Solar & Daylighting – Site Orientation
South façade is heated during winter months
Building Orientation ToolsBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies
2. Passive Solar & Daylighting – Site Orientation
Significant increase in insolation
Comparing orientations (insolation)
Azimuth: 175 Azimuth: 220
Building Orientation ToolsBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies2. Passive Solar & Daylighting – Site Orientation
Passive Strategies
Cut direct sun in Summer. Shading (>70F is desirable; >75F is a must)
Shading Characteristics:11:00AM, June to03:00PM, September
Horizontal Shading AngleVertical Shading Angle
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies2. Passive Solar & Daylighting – Shading
Daylighting PenetrationBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies
2. Passive Solar & Daylighting – Shading
The use of sun control and shading devices is an important aspect of many energy-efficient building design strategies. Shading can be provided by natural landscaping awnings, overhangs, and trellises and light shelves
Daylighting PenetrationBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies2. Passive Solar & Daylighting – Shading
OpticalTvis
OpticalTvis
RadiometricU, SHGC
RadiometricU, SHGC
DaylightDaylight Heat GainHeat Gain
Daylight Penetration Elec savings Heat Generation
Heat Gain Direct & Diffused
Building Energy Simulation
DaylightingSimulation
Optimal Glazing PerformanceBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies2. Passive Solar & Daylighting –Glazing Optimization
Optimal Glazing Performance
Visible Transmittance (Tvis)Tvis indicates percentage of the visible portion of the solar spectrum that is transmitted through a given glass product.
SHGC indicates how much of the sun's energy striking the window is transmitted through the window as heat. As the SHGC increases, the solar gain potential through a given window increases.
Balance of heat & daylight penetration!
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies2. Passive Solar & Daylighting –Glazing Optimization
Site
Daylight FactorRatio of inside illuminance to outside illuminance
Direct Component (DC)Internally Reflected Component (IRC)Externally Reflected Component (ERC)
<2% Electric lighting needed2%~5% Good daylighting (possible glare?)>5% Glare & OverheatingIssues affecting daylighting1.Heat gain (in Summer)2.Glare (> 5% DF, >500 Footcandles)
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies2. Passive Solar & Daylighting –Glazing Optimization
Optimal Glazing PerformanceBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies2. Passive Solar & Daylighting –Glazing Optimization
Optimal Glazing PerformanceBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies2. Passive Solar & Daylighting –Glazing Optimization
Daylighting PenetrationBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies2. Passive Solar & Daylighting –Interior Reflectivity
Passive Strategies
• Orient long-axis of building perpendicular to Summer winds
• Narrow floor-plates (45’ wide max)
• Each area to have min 2 operable windows, ideally facing different directions
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies3. Natural Ventilation & Natural Conditioning
Passive Strategies
• Minimize internal obstructions• Consider fan-assisted (forced) strategies• Expanded comfort-zone in summer
*Mechanical ventilationmust still be provided for health
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies3. Natural Ventilation & Natural Conditioning
Passive Strategies
High Thermal Mass• Time-lag & damping effect in indoor temperature
Thermal mass:Exposed concrete floor
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Passive Strategies3. Natural Ventilation & Natural Conditioning
WHOLE BUILDING ENERGY SIMULATION
Demonstrate a percentage improvement in the proposed building performance compared to the baseline building performance.
Optimize Energy PerformanceBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Energy Modeling
Materials and Resources
The quantity of energy required to manufacture, andsupply to the point of use including:
• Extraction • Transportation• Manufacturing• Transportation
• Assembly• Transportation • Installation• Some definitions also
include disassembly & removal
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Embodied Energy
Embodied Energy
http://www.greenhouse.gov.au/yourhome/technical/fs31.htm
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Embodied Energy
How Does Embodied Energy Compare With Annual Operating Energy?
Materials and Resources
http://www.cmmt.csiro.au/brochures/tech/embodied/index.cfm
For a typical office building:embodied energy = 10 to 30times the annual operating energy
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Embodied Energy
For items to be reused in-place: For items to be removed: For items to be removed and reused:
•Existing structure (including structural floor and roof decking) and envelope (exterior skin and framing, excluding window assemblies and non-structural roofing material).MRc1.1 & MRc1.2 (assuming addition is not >2x floor area of existing)•Existing window assemblies and non-structural roofing material.n/a•Existing Interior non-structural elements (interior walls, doors, floor coverings and ceiling systems).
MRc1.3 (assuming addition is not >2x floor area of existing)
•Hazardous waste.n/a•Excavated soil and land clearing debris.
n/a•Material recycled off-site.
MRc2 (numerator & denominator)
•Material landfilled.MRc2 (denominator)
•Material removed and reused on-site for a purpose similar to its original purpose (door reused as a door).
MRc2 (numerator & denominator)•Material removed and reused on-site for a new purpose (brick façade used as a brick patio, concrete foundation used as fill).
MRc2 (numerator & denominator),OR MRc3 (numerator & denominator),& in both cases MRc5 – (numerator & denominator)
•Material removed and reconditioned off-site and reused on-site.
MRc2 (numerator & denominator),OR MRc3 (numerator & denominator),& in both cases MRc5 – (numerator & denominator, assuming reconditioned within 500 miles)
MRc1 – Building Reuse, MRc2 – Construction Waste Management, MRc3 – Material Reuse, MRc5 – Regional Materials
Materials and ResourcesBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’sCredit 1, 2, 3, & 5 – How to count material found on-site?
Strategies: Locate all existing structural/nonstructural conditions, windows and doors. Include measurements to determine the surface area of all elements being reused.
Materials and ResourcesBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Materials and ResourcesCredit 1.1: Building Reuse – Existing walls, floors and roof.Credit 1.2: Building Reuse – Interior nonstructural elements. (count both finished sides for interior elements)
Strategies: Identify construction haulers and recyclers for designated materials. Obtain and retain verification records. Salvaged materials can be donated to charitable organizations, or sold to the community. On-site separation and comingling count for this credit.Documentation: Track and keep a summary of all construction waste generated by type, with the quantities of each type diverted from landfills, and the total percentage diverted. - The construction waste management plan should, at a minimum, identify goals, protocols, and parties responsible for implementing the plan.
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’sMaterials and Resources Credit 2: Construction waste management
Material generated by end-users of the product
Post-Consumer vs. Pre-Consumer(Post-industrial) material diverted from the waste stream during the manufacturing process. Excluded are materials capable of being reclaimed within the same process that generated it.
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’sMaterials and Resources Credit 4: Recycled Content
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’sMaterials and Resources Credit 4: Recycled Content
http://www.acscdg.com/
Make sure this is set to “Miles”
251 “as-the-crow-flies” miles
Materials and ResourcesCredit 5: Regional content
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’sMaterials and Resources Credit 3, 4, 5, 7
Big Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’sMaterials and Resources Credit 4: Recycled Content
Green SpecificationsBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Green SpecificationsBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Green SpecificationsBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Green SpecificationsBig Picture Energy (& IEQ) Environmental Products Green Spec’s
Agenda (For full presentation)
Part 1•Integrated Design Process•Introduction to LEED•LEED ND-Planning•Sustainable Sites •Energy•Water
Part 2•Environmentally Preferable Products •Green Specs•Indoor Environmental Quality •Green Construction Practices•Cost evaluation tools•LEED O&M•LEED Version 3 •Project Management Tool & Exercise
Agenda for Full PM Training
Questions?