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7/28/2019 A presentation on analysis of industrial waste water
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A
Presentation
on
“ANALYSIS OF INDUSTRIAL
WASTEWATER”
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INTRODUCTION
Water analysis- water analysis is done to determine thephysical and chemical characteristics of water sample.
Physical Chemical
1. Turbidity 1. pH
2. Color 2. Alkalinity
3. Odour 3. Chloride content
4. Total dissolvedsolids(TDS)
4. Acidity
5. Temperature 5. Dissolved solids(D.O.)
6. Hardness
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WASTEWATER
Industrial Wastewater is broadly
stated to be any water carrying
material/wastes that result from abusiness activity or from the
development/recovery of a natural
resource.
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IS PARAMETERS
S.No. Characteristics Permissible Limits
1. Color(Hazen) 5-15
2. Odour Agreeable
3. Taste Agreeable
4. Turbidity(NTU) 1-5
5. Dissolved solids(mg/l) 500-2000
6. pH value 6.5-8.5
7. Total hardness(mg/l) 200-600
8. Chloride content(mg/l) 250-1000
9. Total alkalinity(mg/l) 200-600
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COLLECTION OF WATER
SAMPLE
We have obtained the samples from
following industries of Rajnandgaon-
Sample (1)- Kamal solvent ,Somni.
Sample (2)- Raja Ram madeproducts(Glucose factory),
Bhotipar.
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METHADOLOGY
We have performed two methods for
analyzing wastewater-
1) Titration method- Titration is common laboratorymethod of chemical analysis that can be used to
determine the concentration of an unidentified
analyte.
2) Electronic method(water analyzer kit)- It is a
direct method by which impurities can be
determined by electronic instrument.
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TESTS PERFORMED
1. Hardness-
The presence in water of dissolved calcium
or magnesium ions, which form a scum withsoap and prevent the formation of a lather.
The main cause of hard water is dissolved
calcium & Magnesium bi-carbonate,which isformed in limestone or chalk regions by theaction of dissolved carbon dioxide oncalcium carbonate.
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Hardness of samples
Sample(1) Sample(2)
610 mg/l NIL
Table (1)- The hardness values of sample (1) and sample (2)
are as follows-
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2. Alkalinity-
Alkalinity of natural water may be attributed
to the presence of salts weak acids as
bicarbonates, phosphates, silicates and
borates which includes buffer capacity and
resists the lowering of pH.
The value of pH above 7 indicates thatthe alkalinity is present in the sample
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Alkalinity of samples
Sample(1) Sample(2)
384.6 mg/l NIL
Table (2)- The Alkalinity of sample (1) and sample (2) are as
follows-
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3. Acidity-
The acidity due to presence of free minerals
acids, organic acids & free CO2.
Acidity levels in wastewater indicate its
corrosive properties and can take a leading
role in regulating biological processes as
well as in chemical reactions (such aschemical coagulation and flocculation).
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Acidity of samples
Sample(1) Sample(2)
111.08 mg/l 5859.47 mg/l
Table (3)- The Acidity of sample (1) and sample (2) are as
follows-
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4. Chloride content-
The chlorides are estimated by titrating
the water sample with standard solution of
silver nitrate using potassium chromate asindicator
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Chloride content of samples
Sample(1) Sample(2)
Table (4)- The Chloride content of sample (1) and sample (2)
are as follows-
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5.Turbidity-
Turbidity is the cloudiness or haziness of a
fluid caused by individual particles
(suspended solids) that are generally
invisible to the naked eye, similar tosmoke in air.
The measurement of turbidity is a key test
of water quality.
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Turbidity of samples
Sample(1) Sample(2)
1 NTU 159 NTU
Table (5)- The Turbidity of sample (1) and sample (2) are as
follows-
* NTU- Nepthlometer turbidity unit
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6. Conductivity-
Conductivity is a measurement of the ability
of an aqueous solution to carry an electrical
current.
Conductivity is a measurement used to
determine a number of applications related
to water quality.
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Conductivity of samples
Sample(1) Sample(2)
0.745 mho 1.00 mho
Table (6)- The Conductivity of sample (1) and sample (2) are
as follows-
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7. Temperature-
The temperature of waste water is slightly
higher then ordinary water.
The temperature has an effect on thebiological activity of bacteria presents in
waste water..
The average temperature of waste water is
20-25ºC which is ideal temperature for
biological activity.
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Temperature of samples
Sample(1) Sample(2)
28.3 ºC 29.1ºC
Table (7)- The Temperature of sample (1) and sample (2) are
as follows-
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8. pH value-
pH is a measure of acidity or alkalinity. The
water quality regulations specify that the pH
of tap water should be between 6.5 and 9.5.
Water leaving our treatment works typically
has a pH between 7 and 8, but this can
change as it passes through the network of
reservoirs and water mains.
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pH value of samples
Sample(1) Sample(2)
7.13 4.73
Table (8)- The pH value of sample (1) and sample (2) are as
follows-
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9. Total Dissolve Solids(TDS)-
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) are the total
amount of mobile charged ions, including
minerals, salts or metals dissolved in a
given volume of water.
TDS is directly related to the purity of water
and the quality of water purification systems
and affects everything that consumes, lives
in, or uses water, whether organic or
inorganic, whether for better or for worse.
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TDS of samples
Sample(1) Sample(2)
74mg/l 670mg/l
Table (9)- The TDS of sample (1) and sample (2) are as
follows-
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10. Dissolve Oxygen- (DO)
Dissolved oxygen analysis measures the
amount of gaseous oxygen (O2) dissolved
in an aqueous solution.
Its solubility increases with the pressure
and decreases with the temperature.
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DO of samples
Sample(1) Sample(2)
1.7mg/l 110.1mg/l
Table (10)- The DO of sample (1) and sample (2) are as
follows-
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SUMMARY
Test IS Limit Sample(1) Sample(2)
Hardness 200-600 mg/l 610 mg/l Nil
Alkalinity 200-600 mg/l 384.6 mg/l Nil
Acidity - 111.08 mg/l 5859.47mg/l
Chloride
Content
250-1000 mg/l
Turbidity 1-5 NTU 1 NTU 159 NTU
Conductivity - 0.745 mho 1 mho
Temperature - 28.3˚C 29.1˚C
pH value 6.5-8.5 7.13 4.13
TDS 500-2000 mg/l 74 mg/l 670 mg/l
DO - 1.7 mg/l 110.1 mg/l
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Conclusion-
As per our analysis we found that the
industrial wastewater sample 1 & 2 can not
be used for drinking purpose as well as
domestic purpose.