A Portrait of Older Adults

7/31/2019 A Portrait of Older Adults

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A Portrait of Ottawa Older

Adults:Demographic and Socio-Economic

Characteristics


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List of Tables

Table 1. Ottawa Population Growth, 1986 to 2006 .............................................................................................. 4

Table 2. Population Projections, Ottawa, 2011 to 2031 ....................................................................................... 5

Table 3. Population Projections, Sub-Groups of Senior Population, Ottawa, 2011 to 2031 ................................ 6

Table 4. Mother Tongue, Population 45 and Over by Age Group, Ottawa, 2006 ................................................. 8

Table 5. Language Ability, Population 45 and Over by Age Group, Ottawa, 2006 ................................................ 9

Table 6. Population 65 and Over by Ward, Ottawa, 2006 ................................................................................... 13

Table 7. Living Arrangements, Population 65 and Over, Ottawa, 2006 .............................................................. 20Table 8. Living Alone, Population 65 and Over, by Municipal Wards, Ottawa, 2006 ......................................... 21

Table 9. House Tenure by Age of Primary Household Maintainer, Ottawa, 2006 ............................................. 24

Table 10. Five-Year Mobility Status, Population 65 and Over, Ottawa, 2006 ..................................................... 25

Table 11. Labour Force Status, Population 55 and Over by Gender, Ottawa, 2006 ........................................... 26

Table 12. Age breakdown of City of Ottawa Employees, 2009 ........................................................................... 27

Table 13. Median Total Income (Before Tax) by Age Group, for Ottawa, Ontario, and Canada, Taxation Year 2006 ...... 27

Table 14. Total Income, Population 45 and Over by Gender, Ottawa, 2006 ..................................................... 30

Table 15. Sources of Income, Population 65 and Over for Ottawa, Ontario, and Canada, 2006 ........................ 32

Table 16. Low Income (After Tax) by Age and Gender, Ottawa, 2005 ................................................................ 33

Table 17. Low Income (After Tax), Persons Not in an Economic Family by Age and Gender, Ottawa, 2005 ...... 33

Table 18. Low Income (After Tax), Population Over 65 By Municipal Ward, Ottawa, 2005 .............................. 35

Table 19. Francophone Residents, 45 and Over, Ottawa, 2006 .......................................................................... 38

Table 20. Francophone Residents, Population 65 and Over, by Municipal Ward, Ottawa, 2006 ...................... 38Table 21. Period of Immigration, Population45 and Over, Ottawa, 2006 .......................................................... 40

Table 22. Immigration by Age Groups, Ottawa, 1996 to 2009 ........................................................................... 41

T bl 23 R t I i t P l ti 65 d O b W d Ott 2006 41


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List of Figures

Figure 1. Age Distribution, Ottawa Population, 2006 .......................................................................................... 2Figure 2. Population 65 and Over, Ontario Cities and Gatineau, 2006 ................................................................. 3

Figure 3. Projected Growth, Population 55 and Over, Ottawa, 2011 to 2031 ...................................................... 5

Figure 4. Gender Distribution, Population 45 and Over, Ottawa, 2006 ................................................................ 7

Figure 5. Marital Status, Population 65 and Over, Ottawa, 2006 ......................................................................... 8

Figure 6. Inability to Speak English or French, Population 65 and Over, Ontario CMAs and Gatineau, 2006 .... 10

Figure 7. Geographic Distribution, Population 45 and Over, Ottawa, 2006 ...................................................... 11

Figure 8. Population 65 and Over by Ward, Ottawa, 2006 ................................................................................. 11

Figure 9. Living Alone, Population 65 and Over, Largest Ontario CMAs and Gatineau, 2006............................ 23

Figure 10. Home Ownership, Population 65 and Over, Largest CMAs and Gatineau, 2006 ............................... 24

Figure 11. Total Income, Population 65 and Over, Ottawa, Ontario and Canada, 2006 .................................... 28

Figure 12. Total Income, Population 65 and Over by Gender, Ottawa, 2006 .................................................... 29

Figure 13. Income Sources, Population 65 and Over, Ottawa, 2006 .................................................................. 31

Figure 14. Low Income (After Tax), Population 65 and Over by Large Ontario CMAs and Gatineau, 2005 ....... 34


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List of Maps

Map 1. Seniors 65 Years and Over by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006 ........................................................................ 14Map 2. Seniors 65 to 74 by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006 ......................................................................................... 15

Map 3. Seniors 75 to 84 by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006 ......................................................................................... 16

Map 4. Seniors 85 Over by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006 .......................................................................................... 17

Map 5. Adults 45 to 64 by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006 .......................................................................................... 18

Map 6. Seniors Living Alone by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006 ................................................................................... 22

Map 7. Seniors on Low Income by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006 .............................................................................. 36

Map 8. Francophone Seniors by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006 ................................................................................. 39

Map 9. Recent Immigrant Seniors by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006 ......................................................................... 43

Map 10. Seniors with Activity Limitations by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006 ............................................................ 49


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Table of Contents

List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................ 2

List of Figures .............................................................................................................................................. 3

List of Maps ................................................................................................................................................. 4

Population Counts: Today, Yesterday and Tomorrow ................................................................................ 2

Population Characteristics .......................................................................................................................... 6

Geographic Distribution ............................................................................................................................ 10

Residential Status ...................................................................................................................................... 19

Employment & Financial Security ............................................................................................................. 25

Diversity .................................................................................................................................................... 37

Health Status and Mobility ....................................................................................................................... 45

Engagement in Community Life ................................................................................................................ 51

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................. 55

Appendix A. Profile of Older Adults Living in Rural Areas ........................................................................ 56

Appendix B. Profile of Older Adults Living Alone ..................................................................................... 59

Appendix C Profile of Older Adults Living on Low Income 62


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A Portrait of Ottawa Older Adults:

Demographic and Socio-Economic CharacteristicsThis report provides an overview of the demographic characteristics of the Ottawa older adult

population. This data was collected as part of the research phase of the City of Ottawa Older Adult

Plan project. The main goal was to draw an up-to-date portrait of the older population in order to

identify key facts and demographic trends that may have implications for service planning and

delivery.

The following demographic characteristics are examined in this report: population counts (past,

current and projected), gender and marital status, geographic distribution, living arrangements, house

tenure, employment and financial security, diversity, health status and mobility, and engagement in

community life. Although this report is mainly about the situation of the current generation of seniors(65 and over), data for some characteristics are presented for younger age groups (baby boomers)

and/or by municipal wards. Wherever possible, the Ottawa data are also compared to that of other

large Ontario cities, the City of Gatineau, the province of Ontario, and/or Canada. Separate data for

specific sub-groups of the senior population (francophone and immigrant seniors as well as seniors

living alone, on low income, with disabilities, or in rural areas) were included in the appendix section.

Data sources include Statistics Canada (Census, Small Area and Administrative Data, and Canadian


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Population Counts: Today, Yesterday and Tomorrow

In 2006, 100,875 seniors were living in Ottawa, representing 12% of all residents.

Seniors represent the fastest growing age segment.

The senior population will more than double between 2011 and 2031, to a projected 253,950

individuals. In 2031, more than one in five residents will be over 65.

Between 2011 and 2031, the 74 to 84 age segment will experience the largest overall growth

rate.

At the time of the 2006 Census, the city of Ottawa had a total population of 812,130 individuals. The

age pyramid presented in Figure 1 shows the middle-age segment as the most populous, followed byyoung adults, children, and finally seniors. The median age of the Ottawa population was 38.4 years

old in 2006, slightly lower than the Ontario median of 39.0 years old. In 2006, there were 100,875

residents 65 years old and over living in Ottawa. This number represented 12.4% of the total

population, a figure slightly lower than the national average of 13.7% and the provincial average of

13.6%.

Figure 1. Age Distribution, Ottawa Population, 2006


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A comparison of the ten largest cities in Ontario and Gatineau shows that four cities have higher

proportions of seniors than Ottawa: London (13.7%), Toronto (14.1%), Windsor (14.3%), and

Hamilton (14.9%) - see Figure 2. Seniors in Gatineau represent 10.3% of the city's total population.

Figure 2. Population 65 and Over, Ontario Cities and Gatineau, 2006

Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census


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Table 1. Ottawa Population Growth, 1986 to 2006

162,468 178,613 9.9% 190,722 6.8% 202,826 6.3% 197,345 -2.7%

286,532 316,605 10.5% 310,556 -1.9% 325,595 4.8% 297,055 -8.8%

118,833 133,773 12.6% 158,884 18.8% 188,025 18.3% 216,855 15.3%

37,441 43,788 17.0% 46,857 7.0% 48,667 3.9% 51,955 6.8%

17,185 22,095 28.6% 26,767 21.1% 31,746 18.6% 35,640 12.3%

5,235 6,289 20.1% 7,632 21.4% 9,701 27.1% 13,280 36.9%


The aging of the Ottawa population will accelerate significantly over the next two decades,

particularly as individuals from the baby boom generation begin turning 65 in 2011. Recent

projections predict that the number of seniors will more than double, going from 100,875 to 253,950

individuals between 2011 and 2031.2 By 2031, seniors will make up 22% of the total Ottawa

population. This means that more than one in five residents will be over 65 years old by 2031.

As can be seen in Table 2, the rate of growth of the senior population is expected to surpass all other

age groups in Ottawa between 2011 and 2031 As such the overall growth rate for the over 65


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Table 2. Population Projections, Ottawa, 2011 to 2031

143,520 140,210 -2.3% 133,650 -4.7% 137,010 2.5% 150,660 9.9%

110,080 125,660 14.1% 139,760 11.2% 137,280 -1.7% 131,610 -4.1%

63,210 84,190 33.2% 102,710 22.0% 118,530 15.4% 132,910 12.1%

37,510 41,990 11.9% 52,180 24.3% 70,400 34.9% 86,820 23.3%

17,430 19,890 14.1% 22,630 13.8%% 26,500 17.1% 34,220 29.1%

Source: Hemson Consulting Ltd, 2010

The greatest growth for the 75 to 84 segment is predicted to occur between 2021 and 2026, during

which time the number of individuals will grow by 35%. By 2031, this segment of the population is

predicted to have grown by 132% to 86,820 individuals and will represent 34% of the total population

over 65. Finally, the number of seniors aged 85 or over is projected to increase to 34,220 individuals

by 2031, a growth of 96%. This group will then account for 13% of the total population over 65.

Figure 3 shows the impact that the large baby boom cohort will have on the growth of various age

groups, between 2011 and 2031. The large numbers of baby boomers turning 65 over the next 10

years will initially push the growth rate of the 65 to 74 age group. The wave of baby boomers will

then have a significant impact on the growth rate of the 75 to 84 age group, especially between 2021

and 2026. Finally, the 85 and over age group will begin to experience a significant growth rate

beginning around 2026.


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Population projections show that certain groups of the senior population (francophone and immigrant

seniors as well as seniors living alone, on low income, those with disabilities, or in rural areas) will

also grow at different rates (Table 3). For example, the Aboriginal senior population is projected togrow at an astonishing 415% between 2011 and 2031. The Aboriginal population is currently

characterized by large numbers of individuals between the ages of 40 and 49 who will become

seniors by 2031. Rural seniors represent the other group that is predicted to grow faster than the

general senior population, with a183% projected growth rate. The other four groups listed in Table 3

are expected to grow at a rate similar to that of the general senior population (115%).

Table 3. Population Projections, Sub-Groups of Senior

Population, Ottawa, 2011 to 2031

254,000 135,900 115%

77,400

47,600

3,300

15,700

44,500

30,900

40,000

26,000

2,700

8,300

24,000

20,000

106%

109%

415%

113%

116%

183%

Source: Hemson Consulting, 2010


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While the number of men and women is generally even before the age of 65, women outnumber men

in the older years because of their greater longevity. The 2006 Census revealed that 58% of seniors

in Ottawa are women, which is comparable to the average for Canada (57%) and Ontario (56%). As

Figure 4 shows, women become more and more represented with advancing age. Women make up

71% of all persons aged 85 and older, 60% of those aged 75 to 84, and 53% of the 65 to 74 age

group.

Figure 4. Gender Distribution, Population 45 and Over, Ottawa, 2006


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Figure 5. Marital Status, Population 65 and Over, Ottawa, 2006


According to 2006 Census data, 58% of seniors had English as their mother tongue. Another 18%

had French as a mother tongue, while another 23% had neither language (Table 4). Numbers for

individuals reporting more than one mother tongue are negligible. Other languages most often

reported as a mother tongue include Italian, German, Chinese (Cantonese, Mandarin and other

Chinese), and Arabic.

Table 4. Mother Tongue, Population 45 and Over by Age Group, Ottawa, 2006


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The vast majority of Ottawa seniors (93%) can speak English well enough to carry a conversation

(Table 5). However, approximately 2,300 older individuals speak French only (2.5%), while another

4,100 cannot speak either official language (4.3%). This means that 6.8% of the total senior

population (approximately 6,400 seniors) do not speak English well enough to carry on a

conversation. The inability to speak English seems to be more pronounced for adults over the age of

75.

Table 5. Language Ability, Population 45 and Over by Age Group, Ottawa, 2006

32,665

63.8%

28,150

67.0%

9851.9%

1,3303.2%

15,305

29.9%

10,590

25.2%

2,195

4.3%

1,940

4.6%

51,145 42,010

Excludes institutional residentsSource: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census


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Figure 6. Inability to Speak English or French, Population 65 and Over,

Ontario CMAs and Gatineau, 2006

Excludes institutional residents

Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census (Ontario portion of the Ottawa/Gatineau CMA)

Geographic Distribution


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Figure 7 shows the differences in geographic distribution of the Ottawa population over 45 years old.

The tendency to reside inside the Greenbelt increases progressively with advancing age, while the

tendency to live in the suburban areas outside the Greenbelt and the rural areas decreases with

advancing age. For example, only 17% of those aged 85 and over live outside the Greenbelt,

compared to 43% of middle-aged individuals (45 to 54 years old).

Figure 7. Geographic Distribution, Population 45 and Over, Ottawa, 2006



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Table 6. Population 65 and Over by Ward, Ottawa, 2006

Ward # Ward Name Total 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85+ 65+

1 Orlans 46,000 8,625 18.8% 6,175 13.4% 2,300 5.0% 1,035 2.3% 320 0.7% 3,655 7.9%

2 Innes 37,820 7,140 18.9% 4,605 12.2% 2,050 5.4% 885 2.3% 260 0.7% 3,195 8.4%

3 Barrhaven 36,815 6,095 16.6% 3,290 8.9% 1,295 3.5% 565 1.5% 200 0.5% 2,060 5.6%4 Kanata North 26,510 3,680 13.9% 2,420 9.1% 1,670 6.3% 870 3.3% 295 1.1% 2,835 10.7%

5 West Carleton-March 21,455 4,065 18.9% 2,845 13.3% 1,285 6.0% 560 2.6% 110 0.5% 1,955 9.1%

6 Stittsville-Kanata West 19,410 3,155 16.3% 1,645 8.5% 1,115 5.7% 880 4.5% 330 1.7% 2,325 12.0%

7 Bay 43,995 5,930 13.5% 4,915 11.2% 3,815 8.7% 3,780 8.6% 1,675 3.8% 9,270 21.1%

8 College 50,350 7,585 15.1% 5,290 10.5% 4,155 8.3% 3,680 7.3% 1,855 3.7% 9,690 19.2%

9 Knoxdale-Merivale 38,070 5,640 14.8% 4,845 12.7% 3,310 8.7% 2,100 5.5% 480 1.3% 5,890 15.5%

10 Gloucester-Southgate 44,380 6,915 15.6% 3,870 8.7% 2,135 4.8% 1,255 2.8% 310 0.7% 3,700 8.3%

11 Beacon Hill Cyrville 32,235 5,060 15.7% 4,285 13.3% 2,700 8.4% 1,480 4.6% 425 1.3% 4,605 14.3%

12 Rideau-Vanier 39,360 5,590 14.2% 4,570 11.6% 2,850 7.2% 2,205 5.6% 1,030 2.6% 6,085 15.5%

13 Rideau-Rockcliffe 37,280 5,755 15.4% 4,745 12.7% 3,115 8.4% 2,245 6.0% 865 2.3% 6,225 16.7%

14 Somerset 33,515 4,595 13.7% 3,400 10.1% 2,185 6.5% 1,495 4.5% 430 1.3% 4,110 12.3%

15 Kitchissippi 36,105 5,965 16.5% 4,315 12.0% 2,350 6.5% 1,880 5.2% 795 2.2% 5,025 13.9%

16 River 44,885 6,480 14.4% 4,990 11.1% 3,055 6.8% 2,235 5.0% 900 2.0% 6,190 13.8%

17 Capital 33,755 4,660 13.8% 4,060 12.0% 2,055 6.1% 1,830 5.4% 860 2.5% 4,745 14.1%

18 Alta Vista 43,185 6,215 14.4% 4,535 10.5% 3,370 7.8% 3,270 7.6% 1,080 2.5% 7,720 17.9%

19 Cumberland 33,405 5,825 17.4% 3,480 10.4% 1,340 4.0% 505 1.5% 95 0.3% 1,940 5.8%

20 Osgoode 22,695 3,945 17.4% 2,580 11.4% 1,340 5.9% 655 2.9% 265 1.2% 2,260 10.0%

21 Rideau-Goulbourn 23,535 4,085 17.4% 3,370 14.3% 1,645 7.0% 795 3.4% 245 1.0% 2,685 11.4%

22 Gloucester-South Nepean 26,895 3,105 11.5% 1,770 6.6% 955 3.6% 480 1.8% 185 0.7% 1,620 6.0%

23 Kanata-South 40,480 6,705 16.6% 4,070 10.1% 1,870 4.6% 955 2.4% 280 0.7% 3,105 7.7%

OTTAWA TOTAL 812,135 126,815 15.6% 90,070 11.1% 51,960 6.4% 35,640 4.4% 13,290 1.6% 100,890 12.4%



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Map 1. Seniors by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006


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Map 2. Seniors 65 to 74 by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006


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Map 3. Seniors 75 to 84 by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006


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Map 4. Seniors 85 Over by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006


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Map 5. Adults 45 to 64 by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006


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Residential Status

Women are less likely than men to live with family and twice as likely to live alone.

65% of seniors live with family members (spouse or other family members).

25% of seniors live alone; older women are more than twice as likely as men to live alone.

Approximately 9,400 seniors (9%) live in an institutional setting, with approximately half of

these seniors being 85 years old and over. Older women are twice as likely as men to live

in an institutional setting.

72% of individuals over the age of 65 own their homes. Home ownership is higher for

younger seniors (65-74 years old).

81% of Ottawa seniors had not moved in the five year period preceding the last Census.

The living arrangements of seniors vary greatly between men and women as well as by age (Table

7). The majority of seniors (65%) live with family members, such as a spouse, children or other

relatives. The percentage of seniors living with family decreases with advancing age. Women are

also less likely than men to be living with family members and more likely to live alone.


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Table 7. Living Arrangements, Population 65 and Over, Ottawa, 2006

51,955 1,205

2.3%

37,180

71.6%

2,175

4.2%

875

1.7%

10,510

20.2%

24,215 455

1.9%

19,875

82.1%

545

2.3%

460

1.9%

2,875

11.9%

27,740 755

2.7%

17,310

62.4%

1,635

5.9%

415

1.5%

7,635

27.5%

35,640 3,855

10.8%

19,390

54.4%

1,805

5.1%

440

1.3%

10,140

28.5%

14,355 950

6.6%

10,485

73.0%

430

3.0%

245

1.7%

2,255

15.7%

21,290 2,910

13.7%

8,905

41.8%

1,380

6.5%

200

0.9%

7,890

37.1%13,280 4,340

32.7%

3,515

26.5%

930

7.0%

130

1.0%

4,370

32.9%

3,905 1,110

28.4%

1,850

47.4%

140

3.6%

35

0.9%

770

19.7%

9,370 3,220

34.4%

1,670

17.8%

785

8.4%

100

1.1%

3,595

38.4%

100,875 9,400

9.3%

60,095

59.6%

4,910

4.9%

1,445

1.4%

25,020

24.8%

42,475 2,515 32,205 1,115 740 5,895


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Table 8 shows both the number and percentage of seniors living alone by municipal ward. Map 6

presents the same information on a map. The Somerset ward shows the highest percentage of older

residents living alone (almost 50%), followed by Rideau-Vanier ward at just over 40%, and Bay wardat just under 40%. Bay, Alta Vista, and Rideau-Vanier wards show the largest numbers of seniors

living alone. In comparison, the Gloucester-South Nepean ward shows the smallest number and

concentration of seniors living alone.

Table 8. Living Alone, Population 65 and Over, by Municipal Wards, Ottawa, 2006

Orlans 3,420 600 17.5%

Innes 2,955 470 15.9%

Barrhaven 1,875 250 13.3%

Kanata North 2,500 380 15.2%

West Carleton-March 1,965 355 18.1%

Stittsville-Kanata West 2,085 410 19.7%

Bay 8,390 3,225 38.4%

College 8,050 2,160 26.8%

Knoxdale-Merivale 5,805 1,325 22.8%

Gloucester-Southgate 3,640 825 22.7%

Beacon Hill Cyrville 4,250 885 20.8%

Rideau-Vanier 5,375 2,180 40.6%

Rideau-Rockcliffe 5,975 2,110 35.3%

S t 3 815 1 920 50 3%


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Map 6. Seniors Living Alone by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006


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Figure 9 compares the percentage of seniors living alone for large Ontario Census Metropolitan

Areas (CMAs) and the city of Gatineau. Toronto shows the lowest rate (23%) and Windsor the

highest rate (30%). The rate for Ottawa (25%) is slightly lower than the Ontario and Canadian rates(26% and 28% respectively).

Figure 9. Living Alone, Population 65 and Over, Largest Ontario CMAs and Gatineau, 2006



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Table 9. House Tenure by Age of Primary Household Maintainer, Ottawa, 2006

24,410 38.5% 39,015 61.5% 63,425

49,145 69.1% 22,025 30.9% 71,170

54,315 73.8% 19,250 26.2% 73,565

41,245 77.4% 12,050 22.6% 53,295

23,470 75.4% 7,640 24.6% 31,110

19,265 67.5% 9,265 32.5% 28,530

42,735 71.7% 16,905 28.3% 59,640


Figure 10 compares the percentage of seniors who own their homes for large Ontario Census

Metropolitan Areas (CMAs) and the city of Gatineau. The range goes from 65% home ownership

(Gatineau) to 80% (Barrie), with the city of Ottawa on the lower end (72%). The Ottawa figure is

slightly lower than for Ontario as a whole (76%) but equals the Canadian figure (72%).

Figure 10. Home Ownership, Population 65 and Over, Largest CMAs and

Gatineau, 2006


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Seniors in Ottawa tend to be more sedentary than members of other age groups. The 2006 Censusshowed that 57% of the Ottawas total population had not moved in the previous five years,

compared to 81% of seniors. The figure is relatively the same across all older age groups. As can

be seen from Table 10, the majority of movers are considered non-migrants meaning that they had

moved within the city.

Table 10. Five-Year Mobility Status, Population 65 and Over, Ottawa, 2006

28,885 24,035 42,915

23,080

80.0%

19,290

80.3%

35,060

81.7%

5,805

20.0%

4,750

19.7%

7,855

18.3%

3,925

67.6% of Movers

3,335

70.3% of Movers

5,755

73.3% of Movers

1,885

32.4% of Movers

1,410

29.7% of Movers

2,100

26.7% of Movers

* Non-Movers Persons who, on Census day, were living at the same address as the one

at which they resided five years earlier.

** Movers Persons who, on Census day, were living at a different address from the oneat which they resided 5 years earlier. Non-migrants moved to a different address within

the same census sub-division. Migrants moved to a different CSD or lived outside Canada

five years earlier.


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More men than women are represented in the highest income brackets.

Seniors draw the largest share of their income from private retirement pensions (42%), a

figure which is significantly higher than that for Ontario and Canada (13% and 29%

respectively).

The prevalence of low income (after tax) within the senior population is 6.8%, which is

comparable to the Ontario figure of 6%. The senior low income rate is the lowest of all age

groups in Ottawa.

The prevalence of low income is greater for seniors who are not part of an economic family

(typically living alone), 18% for men and 19% for women.

At the time of the 2006 census, a total of 10,210 seniors in Ottawa were employed, representing 11%

of the total population over 65 years of age. There are, however, considerable differencesdepending on age and gender (see Table 11). As expected, the employment rate is higher for

individuals who are between the ages of 65 to 74 years old than for adults over 75 years old. Older

men are also twice more likely to be working than women, with 16% of men over 65 working

compared to 7% of women.

According to the 2006 Census, approximately half of Ottawa seniors who worked did so on a full-time

basis, with older men more likely to work full-time than women (58% compared to 40%).10


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The average retirement age of City of Ottawa employees was 60 years old in 2010. The average

age of retirement has been relatively stable for the last four years (between 59.5 and 60 years old).

Table 12 shows that 1.2% of City employees are over the age of 65 years old (as of December 31,

2009). Employees from Parks, Recreation and Cultural Services account for 34% of employees who

are 65 years old and over, Ottawa Public Library for 15%, Community and Social Services

employees for 13%, and Transit Services for 11%.

Table 12. Age breakdown of City of Ottawa Employees, 2009

14,250 85.2%

1,552 9.3%

714 4.3%

157 0.9%

48 0.3%

16,721 100%

Source: Human Resources Department, City of Ottawa

In general, Ottawa seniors have higher incomes than those in Ontario and Canada as a whole. The

median income (before tax) of Ottawa seniors was $31,000 in 2006, compared to $23,400 for Ontario


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Figure 11 shows the percentage of seniors found in each income bracket for Ottawa, Ontario and

Canada. A general observation is that a higher percentage of Ottawa seniors are found in the higher

income brackets (compared to Ontario and Canada as a whole) and, at the opposite, a lowerpercentage of Ottawa seniors are found in the lowest income brackets.

Figure 11. Total Income, Population 65 and Over, Ottawa, Ontario and Canada, 2006


Source: Statistics Canada, Small Area and Administrative Data Division,

2007, Annual Estimates for Census Families and Individuals, 13C0016

Table 14 presents a detailed picture of income levels for Ottawa individuals 45 years old and over A


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Figure 12. Total Income, Population 65 and Over by Gender, Ottawa, 2006


Source: Statistics Canada, Small Area and Administrative Data Division, 2006,

Annual Estimates for Census Families and Individuals, 13C0015


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Table 14. Total Income, Population 45 and Over by Gender, Ottawa, 2006

Males Females Total Males Females Total Males Females Total Males Females Total

1,110 1,910 3,020 790 1,410 2,200 210 300 510 70 100 170

5.3% 8.3% 6.8% 4.9% 8.0% 6.5% 2.1% 2.4% 2.3% 0.8% 0.6% 0.7%

1,450 1,590 3,040 1,060 1,740 2,800 210 900 1,110 100 600 700

6.9% 6.9% 6.9% 6.6% 9.9% 8.3% 2.1% 7.3% 5.0% 1.1% 3.7% 2.8%

1,820 1,950 3,770 1,270 1,750 3,020 740 1,770 2,510 540 1,490 2,030

8.6% 8.5% 8.5% 7.9% 10.0% 9.0% 7.4% 14.3% 11.2% 5.9% 9.2% 8.0%

1,140 1,430 2,570 780 1,060 1,840 1,310 2,410 3,720 970 3,410 4,380

5.4% 6.2% 5.8% 4.8% 6.0% 5.5% 13.1% 19.5% 16.6% 10.5% 21.1% 17.3%

1,010 1,390 2,400 720 1,000 1,720 720 1,210 1,930 670 1,790 2,460

4.8% 6.0% 5.4% 4.5% 5.7% 5.1% 7.2% 9.8% 8.6% 7.3% 11.1% 9.7%

1,930 2,350 4,280 1,460 1,940 3,400 1,340 1,800 3,140 1,180 2,690 3,870

9.1% 10.2% 9.7% 9.1% 11.1% 10.1% 13.4% 14.6% 14.0% 12.8% 16.7% 15.3%

2,760 3,460 6,220 2,230 2,890 5,120 1,670 1,820 3,490 1,720 2,740 4,460

13.1% 15.1% 14.1% 13.9% 16.5% 15.2% 16.7% 14.7% 15.6% 18.7% 17.0% 17.6%

3,520 4,270 7,790 2,760 2,840 5,600 2,060 1,350 3,410 2,050 2,030 4,080

16.7% 18.6% 17.7% 17.1% 16.2% 16.6% 20.6% 10.9% 15.2% 22.3% 12.6% 16.1%

2,890 2,670 5,560 1,870 1,540 3,410 810 420 1,230 950 660 1,610

13.7% 11.6% 12.6% 11.6% 8.8% 10.1% 8.1% 3.4% 5.5% 10.3% 4.1% 6.3%

2,260 1,430 3,690 1,930 950 2,880 530 250 780 650 420 1,070

10.7% 6.2% 8.4% 12.0% 5.4% 8.6% 5.3% 2.0% 3.5% 7.1% 2.6% 4.2%

600 290 890 580 230 810 180 70 250 170 130 300

2.8% 1.3% 2.0% 3.6% 1.3% 2.4% 1.8% 0.6% 1.1% 1.8% 0.8% 1.2%

220 120 340 240 90 330 80 20 100 60 30 90

1.0% 0.5% 0.8% 1.5% 0.5% 1.0% 0.8% 0.2% 0.4% 0.7% 0.2% 0.4%

430 120 550 420 90 510 140 40 180 80 60 140

2.0% 0.5% 1.2% 2.6% 0.5% 1.5% 1.4% 0.3% 0.8% 0.9% 0.4% 0.6%

21,140 22,980 44,120 16,100 17,540 33,640 10,000 12,370 22,370 9,210 16,150 25,360


Source: Statistics Canada, Small Area and Administrative Data Division, 2006, Annual Estimates for Census Families and Individuals, 13C001


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Ottawa seniors receive income from a variety of sources, including employment income, investments,

government transfers (employment insurance, Old Age Security, Guaranteed Income Supplement,

Canada/Quebec Pension Plans), private pensions, RRSPs, and others. In 2006, the largest share of

Ottawa senior income came from private retirement pensions (42%). Another 16% came from

government transfers excluding CPP/QPP, 14% from CPP/QPP, 12% from investments, 9% from

employment income, 5% from other income, and 2% from RRSPs (see Figure 13).

Figure 13. Income Sources, Population 65 and Over, Ottawa, 2006


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Ottawa seniors also rely less on employment income and government transfers than their Ontario

and Canadian counterparts. Pension plans allow public sector workers to retire earlier which may

explain a smaller reliance on employment income. Higher reliance on RRSP income (especiallycompared to the Ontario average) can probably be explained by the fact that Ottawa workers have

experienced higher incomes in general than those in most other communities, which allowed them

the opportunity to accumulate more RRSP savings.13

Table 15. Sources of Income, Population 65 and Over for Ottawa, Ontario, and Canada, 2006

12% 12% 24% 17% 29% 1.9% 4%

13% 13% 22% 7% 13% 0.9% 2%

9% 12% 16% 13% 42% 2.3% 5%


Source: Statistics Canada, Small Area and Administrative Data Division, 2007, Annual Estimates for Census Families and

Individuals, 13C0016

Statistics Canada uses the concept of Low-Income Cut-Offs (LICOs) to estimate low income, which is

a well established and widely recognized approach to estimating low income. In 2006, the Low Income Cut-Off was set at $21,384 for a family size of two and at $17,570 for a family size of

one (for a community of 500,000+ residents).14


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Table 16. Low Income (After Tax) by Age and Gender, Ottawa, 2005

14.6% 14.7% 14.5%22.5% 20.8% 24.3%

11.5% 10.7% 12.3%

8.6% 8.8% 8.5%

6.8% 4.7% 8.4%



The rate of low income varies considerably depending on whether or not individuals are part of an

economic family.16 Seniors who are in an economic family tend to show a very low rate of low

income, due to the benefit of combining incomes. Another reason is that the Old Age Security and

Guaranteed Income supplement benefits for two seniors result in a combined income that is above

the low income cut-off for a family size of two.17

However, the low income rate rises sharply for people who are not in an economic family for all age

groups (Table 17). In 2005, the after tax low income levels in Ottawa were highest for young adults

15 to 24 years (70.2%) and lowest for seniors (18.4%). In the senior population, the rate was

essentially the same for men and women.

Table 17. Low Income (After Tax), Persons Not in an Economic Family by Age

and Gender, Ottawa, 2005


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The rate of low income in the Ottawa older population (6.8%) is equal to that of Canada as a whole

(7%) and slightly higher than that of the Ontario (6%). Figure 14 shows that Hamilton (8.1%),

Toronto (9.9%) and Gatineau (10.6%) experience higher rates of senior low income than Ottawa.

Figure 14. Low Income (After Tax), Population 65 and Over by Large Ontario CMAs and

Gatineau, 2005




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Table 18. Low Income (After Tax), Population Over 65 By Municipal

Ward, Ottawa, 2005

Orlans 3,420 110 3.2%

Innes 2,955 95 3.2%

Barrhaven 1,875 35 1.9%

Kanata North 2,500 50 2.0%



Bay 8,390 720 8.6%

College 8,050 315 3.9%

Knoxdale-Merivale 5,805 250 4.3%



Rideau-Vanier 5,375 795 14.8%

Rideau-Rockcliffe 5,975 710 11.9%

Somerset 3,815 795 20.8%

Kitchissippi 4,870 535 11.0%

River 5,700 400 7.0%

Capital 4,285 345 8.0%

Alta Vista 7,285 505 6.9%

Cumberland 1,900 15 0.8%


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36

Map 7. Seniors on Low Income by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006


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Diversity

20% of seniors are francophone. Francophone seniors tend to be concentrated in the East

part of the city, both inside and outside the Greenbelt.

31% of seniors are immigrants. However, only about 14% of older immigrants arrived since

1991. Approximately 200 seniors immigrate to Ottawa every year.

10% of seniors belong to a visible minority, with the most common groups including Chinese

(29%) and South Asians (21%).

0.5% of seniors are Aboriginal. The Aboriginal population is younger with only 3.6% of

members being over 65 years old (compared to 12% in the general population).

The new Inclusive Definition of Francophone (IDF) recently adopted by the Office of Francophone

Affairs of the Ontario Government is used in this report.19 According to this definition, there were

18,615 francophone seniors living in Ottawa in 2006, representing exactly 20% of the total senior

population. The rate is essentially the same across all age groups over 45 years old (see Table 19).

Older francophone residents tend to live on the East side of Ottawa, in the traditional francophone

neighbourhoods (see Table 20 and Map 8) Wards with the highest numbers of francophone seniors


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Table 19. Francophone Residents, 45 and Over, Ottawa, 2006

141,610 24,400 17,250 10,385 6,390 1,840 18,615

17.6% 19.3% 19.3% 20.3% 19.7% 19.1% 20.0%

65,315 10,940 8,005 4,455 2,485 495 7,435

76,290 13,465 9,245 5,935 3,910 1,345 11,190

801,275 126,115 89,400 51,150 32,390 9,620 93,160



Table 20. Francophone Residents, Population 65 and Over, by

Municipal Ward, Ottawa, 2006

Orlans 3,420 1,360 39.8%

Innes 2,955 1,010 34.2%

Barrhaven 1,875 110 5.9%

Kanata North 2,500 200 8.0%



Bay 8,390 965 11.5%

College 8,050 555 6.9%



Beacon Hill Cyrville 4,250 1,495 35.2%


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39

Map 8. Francophone Seniors by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006


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In 2006, 31% of seniors (31,480 individuals) were immigrants (i.e. foreign-born). However, the vast

majority of these older immigrants have been in Canada for decades. Table 21 shows that 44% of

older immigrants arrived before 1961, meaning that they have been in Canada for more than 50

years and another 34.6% immigrated between 1961 and 1980. Approximately 14% of older

immigrants (4,390 individuals) arrived between 1991 and 2006.

Prior to 1961, 90% of immigrants to Canada came from Europe. In recent years, the majority of

immigrants come from Asia, Africa, Central and South American as well as the Caribbean. This

immigration trend is changing the composition of the senior population in Ottawa, with an increase in

older visible minorities.

Table 21. Period of Immigration, Population45 and Over, Ottawa, 2006

2,185

6.8%

5,060

19.0%

6,165

33.8%

7,690

58.1%

13,855

44.0%

3,555

11.1%

6,380

24.0%

5,510

30.2%

1,700

12.8%

7,210

22.9%

6,555

20.4%

7,510

28.2%

2,550

14.0%

1,140

8.6%

3,690

11.7%

9,045

28.2%

3,650

13.7%

1,235

6.8%

1,085

8.2%

2,320

7.3%

8 130 2 850 1 900 1 355 3 255


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Table 22. Immigration by Age Groups, Ottawa, 1996 to 2009

6,119 1,364 978 1,768 1,228 380 248 113 35 5

5,455 1,233 883 1,610 1,099 320 189 89 28 4

5,195 1,235 784 1,714 977 225 141 86 29 4

7,023 1,396 935 2,469 1,415 377 243 140 39 9

9,445 2,272 1,221 3,151 1,850 445 271 184 45 6

7,142 1,704 880 2,247 1,333 416 263 234 60 5

5,688 1,419 831 1,566 870 466 334 161 38 3

5,502 1,255 870 1,586 918 384 248 191 46 4

5,354 1,236 849 1,603 1,039 396 129 80 22 0

5,114 1,148 818 1,357 918 453 240 147 32 1

5,163 1,175 839 1,577 793 390 222 149 13 5

5,532 1,308 838 1,686 856 400 227 192 19 6

5,145 1,199 774 1,526 807 392 237 190 16 4

*Updated data, **Preliminary data


Source: Statistics Canada

Table 23 shows three municipal wards with concentrations of recent older immigrants (i.e.

immigration less than 10 years ago) at approximately 10% or higher. These include Gloucester-

South Nepean (12% of total senior population), Kanata North (10%), and Barrhaven (10%).


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Rideau-Vanier 5,375 75 1.4%

Rideau-Rockcliffe 5,975 75 1.3%

Somerset 3,815 230 6.0%


River 5,700 90 1.6%

Capital 4,285 50 1.2%

Alta Vista 7,285 140 1.9%

Cumberland 1,900 50 2.6%Osgoode 2,100 30 1.4%

Rideau-Goulbourn 2,575 0 0.0%

Gloucester-South Nepean 1,525 185 12.1%

Kanata-South 2,815 195 6.9%

OTTAWA TOTAL 93,155 2500 2.7%


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43

Map 9. Recent Immigrant Seniors by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006


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Approximately 10% of seniors (10,700 individuals) identified as members of visible minorities on the

2006 Census, compared to 20% in the general population.21 The most common visible minorities in

the older age groups are Chinese (29%) and South Asians (21%), followed by Blacks (17%), Other

Asians (15%) and Arabs (12%) (Table 24). The breakdown is different for the Ottawa population as

a whole, where Blacks represent the most common visible minority at 24%.

The growth of the visible minority population has largely been due to the increasing number of recent

immigrants who were from non-European countries. The 2006 Census showed that fully three-

quarters of the immigrants who arrived between 2001 and 2006 belonged to a visible minority group.

If current immigration trends continue, Canada's visible minority population will continue to grow

much more quickly than the non-visible minority population. According to Statistics Canada,

members of visible minority groups could account for roughly one-fifth of the total Canadian

population by 2017.22

Table 24. Visible Minority Groups by Age, Ottawa, 2006

3,115

29.1%

30,760

19.0%

2,215

20.7%

26,510

16.4%

1,800 39,070


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There were 12,965 Aboriginal individuals living in Ottawa in 2006, making up 1.6% of the total

population. 23 The majority of Aboriginal peoples identified themselves as First Nations people (53%

of the citys Aboriginal population), another 37% as Mtis, another 5% as Inuit, and another 5%

reported multiple or other Aboriginal responses on the 2006 Census. Between 2001 and 2006, the

Aboriginal population in Ottawa grew by 42% from 9,160 to 12,965 people. The First Nations

population grew by 30%, the Mtis by 71% and the Inuit by 48%. 24 According to the 2006, there

were 470 Aboriginal seniors in Ottawa.

The Aboriginal population is generally younger than the non-Aboriginal population, which reflects a

nation-wide pattern. Aboriginal seniors make up only 3.6% of the total Aboriginal population,

compared to 12% in the general population.

Health Status and Mobility

Approximately half of seniors perceive their health to be very good or excellent and 73%

perceive their mental health as being very good or excellent.

45% report being moderately active or active during their leisure time, with men being much

more active than women (57% compared to 35%).


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Approximately half of older residents of the Champlain health region25 perceive their health as very

good or excellent, a perception which is slightly higher than for Ontario older residents as whole

(Table 25). About three quarters of seniors in the Champlain health region perceive their mental

health as very good or excellent. Women living in the Champlain health region are more likely to

perceive their mental health as being very good or excellent than men (79% compared to 65%).

Approximately 45% of seniors living in the Champlain health region report being active or moderately

active during leisure time, compared to 41% for Ontario and 43% for Canada (Table 25). Older men

living in the Champlain health region are more likely to be physically active than their female

counterparts (57% compared to 35%), as well as their Ontario male counterparts (who are active at

48%).

Table 25. Wellness Indicators, Population 45 Years and Over, Champlain Health Region, 2009

59.5% 67.3% 63.5% 47.4% 46.3% 46.8%

56.1% 58.5% 57.3% 42.7% 41.5% 42%

12% 14.9% 13.5% 25.5% 21.2% 23.1%


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55.3% 55.1% 55.2% 56.3% 35.3% 44.8%

48.8% 46.6% 47.7% 47.9% 34.8% 40.8%

65.9% 68.8% 67.4% 68.8% 71.4% 70.1%

68.4% 69.1% 68.8% 73.7% 72.4% 73%

12.1% E 16.7% E 14.5% E F 10.1% E 8.8%

13.1% 11% 12% 8.1% 9.7% 9%

E: Use with Caution

F: Too UnreliableSource: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey, 2009.

According to the 2006 Census, approximately 19% of the Ottawa senior population report activity

limitations 27 and 17% report using a mobility aid such as a cane, walker or wheelchair.28 Some

geographic variations in activity limitations are noted (Table 26 and Map 10) with rates rangingbetween 14% (Gloucester-South Nepean ward) and 23% (Rideau-Vanier ward).

Table 26. Activity Limitations, Population 65 and Over by Municipal Ward, Ottawa, 2006

Orlans 3,420 730 21.3%


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Rideau-Vanier 5,375 1,245 23.2%

Rideau-Rockcliffe 5,975 1,320 22.1%

Somerset 3,815 795 20.8%


River 5,700 1,065 18.7%

Capital 4,285 885 20.7%

Alta Vista 7,285 1,295 17.8%Cumberland 1,900 300 15.8%

Osgoode 2,100 445 21.2%

Rideau-Goulbourn 2,575 475 18.4%

Gloucester-South Nepean 1,525 210 13.8%

Kanata-South 2,815 455 16.2%

OTTAWA TOTAL 93,155 17,750 19.0%


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49

Map 10. Seniors with Activity Limitations by City Ward, Ottawa, 2006


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Table 27 provides information on the type of daily activities that Ottawa seniors requireassistance with. One in five seniors reports requiring help with heavy chores, 11% with

everyday housework, and 9% with shopping. The report also mentions that about one quarter

(23%) of seniors require assistance with one or more of these activities. A further six percent

report needing help with three or more activities. The survey also found that seniors who need

help with one or more activities are more likely to be women, older (85 and over), widowed, and

living alone.

Table 27. Assistance Required with Daily Activities,

Population 65 and Over, Ottawa, 2004

Preparing meals 4%

Shopping 9%Everyday housework 11%

Heavy chores 20%

Personal carewashing 2%

Personal caredressing 1%

Personal careeating -

Moving about 1%

Source: Successful Aging Ottawa Survey Report, 2005


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Table 28. Special Features in the Home to Assist Aging, Population 65

and Over, Ottawa, 2004

Grab bars in the bathroom 38%

Walk-in shower/hand shower 24%

Added security system/locks 24%

Hand railings along stairs 20%

Added main floor bathroom 8%

Improved entrance way 5%Bedroom moved to main floor 5%

Modified kitchen cupboards 1%

Improved lighting 1%

Improved windows 1%

Other modifications


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transportation (9%). Seven percent of seniors indicate taking the regular bus while 2% report

taking Para Transpo.

Table 29. Mode of Transportation Used Most Often, Population 65 and Over, Ottawa, 2004

Drive own family car 78%

Have another family member drive them 10%

Use public transportation 9%

Bus -7% Para Transpo - 2%

Use Taxi service 1%

Walk 1%

Bicycle or volunteer driver


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In addition to providing voluntary help for organizations, about sixty percent of seniors provide

unpaid help to other family members, neighbours and friends. Table 30 describes the different

types of help given.

Table 30. Help Given to Others, Population 65 and Over by Gender, Ottawa, 2004

Housework* 22% 42%

Making meals* 45% 35%

Home repairs/yard work* 14% 57%

Babysitting 23% 22%

Driving people places* 59% 67%

Personal care* 11% 6%

*Differences statistically significantSource: Successful Aging Ottawa Survey, 2005

There are differences in the types of help given by women and men. Men are more likely to

help with activities such as housework, home repairs or yard work, and driving people places.

Women are more likely to help with things like making meals and personal care. Help withbabysitting appears to be provided equally by both genders. Help given to others tends to

decline with advancing age.


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Table 31. Connection to the Outside World, Population 65 and Over, Ottawa, 2004

Read a daily newspaper 84% 87% 84% 84% 86%

Use the public library 55%* 44%* 38%* 47% 51%

Email to communicate 55%* 35%* 20%* 36%* 54%*

Use the Internet for information 54%* 30%* 12%* 30%* 53%*

Use a cell phone 45%* 37%* 22%* 37% 42%

Number of respondents 497 383 131 589 427

*Differences are statistically significantSource: Successful Aging Ottawa Survey, 2005

Approximately 28% of Ottawa seniors made a charitable donation in 2006, a figure that is higher

than all other age groups and their older counterparts in Ontario and Canada (Table 32).

Table 32. Charitable Donations, Ottawa, Ontario and Canada, 2006

Number of Donors 70,330 2,291,180 5,698,880

Men 49% 54% 55%

Women 51% 46% 45%

Donors by Age Group

0-24 2% 2% 3%

25 34 14% 12% 12%


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Bibliography

Balance of Care Research Group (2009). The Champlain Balance of Care Project: Final Report.

The Council on Aging of Ottawa (2009). Fact Book on Aging: Seniors in Ottawa.

Hemson Consulting Ltd. (2010). City of Ottawa Older Adult Plan: Demographic Characteristics

Forecast 2006-2031.

Social Data Research Ltd (2005). Successful Aging Ottawa: 2004 Seniors Survey Report of

Results.

Statistics Canada (2003). Canadas Retirement Programs: A Statistical Overview 1990-2000.

Statistics Canada (2006a). A Portrait of Seniors in Canada. Catalogue No. 89-519-XIE

Statistics Canada (2006b). Canada's Ethnocultural Mosaic. Catalogue No. 97-562-X.

Statistics Canada (2006c). Aboriginal Population Profile for Ottawa. Catalogue No. 89-638-X.


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56

Appendix A. Profile of Older Adults Living in Rural Areas

Age Groups Total 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 to 74 75 to 84 85+ 65+

Total 80,260 14,530 10,480 5,010 2,185 640 7,835

Male 40,420 50.4% 7,440 51.2% 5,365 51.2% 2,670 53.3% 995 45.5% 235 36.7% 3,900 49.8%

Female 39,835 49.6% 7,090 48.8% 5,115 48.8% 2,340 46.7% 1,190 54.5% 400 62.5% 3,930 50.2%

MARITAL STATUS

Now married or common-law 44,540 55.5% 12,560 86.4% 8,985 85.7% 3,930 78.4% 1,300 59.5% 180 28.1% 5,410 69.0%

Separated or Divorced 3,360 4.2% 1,080 7.4% 915 8.7% 355 7.1% 140 6.4% 20 3.1% 515 6.6%

Never married (single) 30,225 37.7% 750 5.2% 270 2.6% 115 2.3% 70 3.2% 65 10.2% 250 3.2%

Widowed 2,130 2.7% 130 0.9% 300 2.9% 610 12.2% 675 30.9% 370 57.8% 1,655 21.1%

LIVING ARRANGEMENTS

Spouses, common-law partners 46,200 57.7% 13,215 91.0% 9,140 87.5% 4,030 80.7% 1,425 65.8% 235 40.5% 5,690 73.5%

Sons/daughters 27,715 34.6% 230 1.6% 60 0.6% 10 0.2% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 10 0.1%

With Relatives 1,100 1.4% 105 0.7% 185 1.8% 195 3.9% 225 10.4% 120 20.7% 540 7.0%

With non-relatives 1,300 1.6% 250 1.7% 190 1.8% 115 2.3% 40 1.8% 20 3.4% 175 2.3%

Total - Living alone 3,810 4.8% 720 5.0% 870 8.3% 645 12.9% 475 21.9% 205 35.3% 1,325 17.1%

Male - Living alone 1860 48.8% 410 56.9% 435 50.0% 255 39.5% 145 30.5% 40 19.5% 440 33.2%

Female - Living alone 1945 51.0% 310 43.1% 430 49.4% 385 59.7% 330 69.5% 165 80.5% 880 66.4%

EMPLOYMENT

In the labour force 46905 72.9% 12800 88.1% 6585 62.8% 1160 23.2% 200 9.2% 75 11.7% 1435 18.3%

Employed 44955 95.8% 12455 97.3% 6385 97.0% 1135 97.8% 200 100.0% 75 100.0% 1410 98.3%

Unemployed 1950 4.2% 345 2.7% 205 3.1% 25 2.2% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 25 1.7%

Not in the labour force 17400 27.1% 1730 11.9% 3890 37.1% 3850 76.8% 1990 91.1% 560 87.5% 6400 81.7%

FINANCIAL SECURITY

Median Total income $37,042 $51,395 $41,305 $31,873 $26,922 $23,576Median Total income - Men $45,121 $61,064 $51,201 $41,584 $35,757 $38,084

Median Total income - Women $30,046 $43,569 $31,133 $22,706 $20,284 $17,755

Average Total income $48,259 $63,912 $52,561 $42,667 $33,835 $29,994

Average Total income - Men $58,271 $75,946 $65,243 $52,593 $41,557 $39,982

Average Total income- Women $37,975 $50,918 $38,788 $31,252 $27,337 $23,985

COMPOSITION OF INCOME

Employment income % 80.5 92.4 67.1 23.9 3.1 3


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57


Total government transfer

payments % 5.6 1.5 4.2 27.5 36.5 42.2

Retirement pensions % 8 1 18.5 38.3 46.1 43.4

Investment income % 4.1 3.7 6.9 8.5 12.8 9.3

Other money income % 1.9 1.4 3.3 2 1.5 2.4

INCOME BRACKETS

under $5,000 6,530 10.7% 865 6.1% 885 8.6% 70 1.4% 10 0.5% 0 0.0% 80 1.0%

$5,000 to $9,999 4,590 7.5% 555 3.9% 605 5.9% 250 5.0% 120 5.5% 10 1.6% 380 4.9%

$10,000 to $14,999 4,310 7.1% 530 3.7% 685 6.7% 570 11.5% 330 15.2% 125 19.5% 1,025 13.2%

$15,000 to $19,999 3,720 6.1% 595 4.2% 575 5.6% 600 12.1% 345 15.9% 155 24.2% 1,100 14.1%

$20,000 to $24,999 3,360 5.5% 615 4.3% 545 5.3% 500 10.1% 225 10.3% 55 8.6% 780 10.0%

$25,000 to $34,999 6,450 10.6% 1,370 9.6% 1,145 11.2% 695 14.0% 335 15.4% 100 15.6% 1,130 14.5%

$35,000 to $49,999 9,800 16.0% 2,325 16.3% 1,695 16.6% 1,000 20.1% 400 18.4% 95 14.8% 1,495 19.2%

$50,000 to $74,999 11,150 18.2% 3,105 21.8% 1,980 19.3% 875 17.6% 290 13.3% 90 14.1% 1,255 16.1%

$75,000 to $99,999 5,875 9.6% 2,260 15.9% 1,055 10.3% 250 5.0% 55 2.5% 10 1.6% 315 4.0%

$100,000 to $149,999 3,410 5.6% 1,230 8.6% 745 7.3% 85 1.7% 50 2.3% 0 0.0% 135 1.7%

$150,000 to $199,999 945 1.5% 385 2.7% 145 1.4% 35 0.7% 15 0.7% 0 0.0% 50 0.6%

$200,000 to $249,999 340 0.6% 145 1.0% 60 0.6% 10 0.2% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 10 0.1%

$250,000 and over 640 1.0% 255 1.8% 120 1.2% 35 0.7% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 35 0.4%

LOW INCOME (AFTER TAX)

Total 2,505 3.1% 415 2.9% 425 4.1% 45 0.9% 10 0.5% 0 0.0% 55 0.7%

Male 1,320 52.7% 210 50.6% 265 61.6% 20 50.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 20 50.0%

Female 1,190 47.5% 200 48.2% 165 38.4% 20 50.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 20 50.0%

IMMIGRATION STATUS

Non-immigrants 71,800 89.5% 12,780 87.9% 8,585 81.9% 3,830 76.4% 1,630 74.8% 530 83.5% 5,990 76.5%

Immigrants 8,220 10.2% 1,720 11.8% 1,885 18.0% 1,180 23.6% 550 25.2% 105 16.5% 1,835 23.5%

Before 1991 6,410 78.0% 1,470 85.5% 1,785 94.7% 1,135 96.2% 505 91.8% 100 95.2% 1,740 94.8%

1991 to 2000 1,300 15.8% 180 10.5% 70 3.7% 40 3.4% 45 8.2% 0 0.0% 85 4.6%

2001 to 2006 510 6.2% 70 4.1% 30 1.6% 0 0.0% 10 1.8% 0 0.0% 10 0.5%

Non-permanent residents 235 0.3% 35 0.2% 10 0.1% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

VISIBLE MINORITIES

Total visible minority population 3,075 3.8% 385 2.6% 240 2.3% 120 2.4% 70 3.2% 15 2.3% 205 2.6%


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Chinese 545 17.7% 95 24.7% 25 10.4% 25 20.8% 15 21.4% 10 66.7% 50 24.4%

South Asian 490 15.9% 75 19.5% 45 18.8% 20 16.7% 15 21.4% 0 0.0% 35 17.1%

Black 480 15.6% 50 13.0% 45 18.8% 20 16.7% 20 28.6% 0 0.0% 40 19.5%

Filipino 155 5.0% 0 0.0% 10 4.2% 15 12.5% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 15 7.3%

Latin American 170 5.5% 35 9.1% 20 8.3% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

Southeast Asian 245 8.0% 20 5.2% 15 6.3% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

Arab/West Asian 710 23.1% 85 22.1% 45 18.8% 30 25.0% 20 28.6% 0 0.0% 50 24.4%

Korean 40 1.3% 0 0.0% 15 6.3% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

Japanese 20 0.7% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

Visible minority, n.i.e. 65 2.1% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

Multiple visible minority 155 5.0% 15 3.9% 15 6.3% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

Not a visible minority 77,180 96.2% 14,145 97.4% 10,240 97.7% 4,895 97.6% 2,120 96.8% 625 97.7% 7,640 97.4%

MOTHER TONGUE

Single responses 79,370 98.9% 14,360 98.8% 10,385 99.2% 4,985 99.5% 2,180 100.0% 625 98.4% 7,790 99.6%

English 63,900 80.5% 11,290 78.6% 8,070 77.7% 3,665 73.5% 1,710 78.4% 510 81.6% 5,885 75.5%

French 9,835 12.4% 1,880 13.1% 1,410 13.6% 640 12.8% 155 7.1% 40 6.4% 835 10.7%

Non-official language 5,635 7.1% 1,190 8.3% 915 8.8% 685 13.7% 320 14.7% 75 12.0% 1,080 13.9%

Multiple responses 890 1.1% 170 1.2% 85 0.8% 25 0.5% 0 0.0% 10 1.6% 35 0.4%

English and French 575 64.6% 105 61.8% 60 70.6% 15 60.0% 10 0.0% 10 100.0% 35 100.0%

Other combinations 310 34.8% 65 38.2% 30 35.3% 15 60.0% 10 0.0% 0 0.0% 25 71.4%

KNOWLEDGE OF OFFICIAL LANGUAGES

English only 55,015 68.5% 10,255 70.6% 7,420 70.8% 3,905 78.0% 1,870 85.6% 530 83.5% 6,305 80.6%

French only 945 1.2% 50 0.3% 60 0.6% 25 0.5% 15 0.7% 10 1.6% 50 0.6%

English and French 24,195 30.1% 4,215 29.0% 2,985 28.5% 1,075 21.5% 275 12.6% 95 15.0% 1,445 18.5%

Neither English nor French 110 0.1% 10 0.1% 10 0.1% 0 0.0% 25 1.1% 0 0.0% 25 0.3%

WITH DIFFICULTIES

No Difficulties 70,595 88.6% 12,860 89.1% 8,475 81.4% 3,290 66.5% 925 43.7% 115 20.4% 4,330 56.7%

Difficulties sometimes 5,670 7.1% 1,080 7.5% 1,265 12.2% 1,040 21.0% 630 29.8% 155 27.4% 1,825 23.9%

Difficulties often 3,400 4.3% 500 3.5% 670 6.4% 620 12.5% 560 26.5% 295 52.2% 1,475 19.3%

Excludes residential residents


Rural areas as defined by the City of Ottawa (Rural Northeast, Rural Northwest, Rural Southeast, and rural Southwest)


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Appendix B. Profile of Older Adults Living Alone


Total 89,050 15,410 14,455 10,665 10,435 4,755 25,855

Male 37,055 41.6% 7,765 50.4% 5,580 38.6% 2,935 27.5% 2,300 22.0% 835 17.6% 6,070 23.5%

Female 51,995 58.4% 7,645 49.6% 8,870 61.4% 7,730 72.5% 8,140 78.0% 3,925 82.5% 19,795 76.6%

MARITAL STATUS

Now married or living in common-

law 1,645 1.8% 305 2.0% 315 2.2% 175 1.6% 230 2.2% 90 1.9% 495 1.9%

Separated or Divorced 23,970 26.9% 6,315 41.0% 7,625 52.7% 4,075 38.2% 1,510 14.5% 190 4.0% 5,775 22.3%

Never married (single) 44,315 49.8% 8,170 53.0% 4,320 29.9% 1,780 16.7% 1,105 10.6% 460 9.7% 3,345 12.9%

Widowed 19,115 21.5% 615 4.0% 2,190 15.2% 4,630 43.4% 7,600 72.8% 4,015 84.4% 16,245 62.8%

EMPLOYMENT

In the labour force 52,890 59.4% 12,640 82.1% 8,410 58.2% 1,550 14.5% 295 2.8% 75 1.6% 1,920 7.4%

Employed 50,375 95.2% 12,095 95.7% 8,075 96.0% 1,460 94.2% 275 93.2% 60 80.0% 1,795 93.5%

Unemployed 2,510 4.7% 550 4.4% 335 4.0% 85 5.5% 20 6.8% 20 26.7% 125 6.5%

Not in the labour force 36,160 40.6% 2,760 17.9% 6,040 41.8% 9,120 85.5% 10,140 97.2% 4,675 98.4% 23,935 92.6%

FINANCIAL SECURITY

Median Total income $38,281 $47,685 $39,343 $33,233 $32,758 $31,627

Median Total income - Men $41,067 $46,164 $40,435 $34,416 $38,073 $47,151

Median Total incomeWomen $36,495 $49,547 $38,759 $32,482 $31,422 $29,607



Average Total income - Women $42,372 $51,466 $44,368 $38,725 $40,009 $35,460


Composition of Total income

Employment income % 66.3 90.9 66.3 13.2 1.9 1.4


payments % 11.3 3.9 7.7 31.8 32.4 33.9

Retirement pensions % 15.1 1.3 17.0 42.8 49.7 44.4


Other money income % 2.3 1.6 3.8 2.9 2.4 2.9

INCOME BRACKETS


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under $5,000 4,190 4.8% 910 5.9% 785 5.4% 80 0.8% 15 0.1% 25 0.6% 120 0.5%

$5,000 to $9,999 4,505 5.1% 1,125 7.3% 1,020 7.1% 240 2.3% 15 0.1% 10 0.2% 265 1.1%

$10,000 to $14,999 7,675 8.7% 1,220 7.9% 1,330 9.2% 1,145 10.9% 930 9.2% 455 10.4% 2,530 10.1%

$15,000 to $19,999 7,070 8.0% 480 3.1% 730 5.1% 1,530 14.6% 1,680 16.6% 805 18.4% 4,015 16.0%

$20,000 to $24,999 5,595 6.4% 685 4.4% 770 5.3% 880 8.4% 1,030 10.2% 410 9.4% 2,320 9.3%

$25,000 to $34,999 11,225 12.8% 1,290 8.4% 1,695 11.8% 1,740 16.5% 1,765 17.4% 750 17.1% 4,255 17.0%

$35,000 to $49,999 15,735 17.9% 2,305 15.0% 2,820 19.6% 2,115 20.1% 1,910 18.8% 860 19.6% 4,885 19.5%

$50,000 to $74,999 18,540 21.1% 3,575 23.2% 2,675 18.6% 1,845 17.5% 1,745 17.2% 720 16.4% 4,310 17.2%

$75,000 to $99,999 8,420 9.6% 2,220 14.4% 1,510 10.5% 555 5.3% 600 5.9% 215 4.9% 1,370 5.5%

$100,000 to $149,999 3,740 4.3% 1,250 8.1% 790 5.5% 230 2.2% 325 3.2% 100 2.3% 655 2.6%

$150,000 to $199,999 745 0.8% 210 1.4% 160 1.1% 100 1.0% 60 0.6% 20 0.5% 180 0.7%

$200,000 to $249,999 215 0.2% 65 0.4% 40 0.3% 10 0.1% 20 0.2% 0 0.0% 30 0.1%

$250,000 and over 320 0.4% 65 0.4% 80 0.6% 45 0.4% 50 0.5% 10 0.2% 105 0.4%


Total 20,250 22.7% 3,610 23.4% 3,640 25.2% 2,175 20.4% 1,680 16.1% 755 15.9% 4,610 17.8%

Male 8,770 43.3% 1,995 55.3% 1,490 40.9% 540 24.8% 335 19.9% 90 11.9% 965 15.9%

Female 11,480 56.7% 1,620 44.9% 2,145 58.9% 1,640 75.4% 1,345 80.1% 670 88.7% 3,655 18.5%

IMMIGRANT STATUS

Non-immigrants 70,125 78.8% 12,975 84.2% 11,185 77.4% 7,665 71.9% 7,600 72.8% 3,750 78.9% 19,015 73.5%

Immigrants 18,145 20.4% 2,360 15.3% 3,240 22.4% 2,990 28.0% 2,825 27.1% 1,005 21.1% 6,820 26.4%

Before 1991 13,560 74.7% 1,780 75.4% 2,985 92.1% 2,730 91.3% 2,685 95.0% 915 91.0% 6,330 92.8%

1991 to 2000 3,180 17.5% 475 20.1% 225 6.9% 215 7.2% 120 4.2% 80 8.0% 415 6.1%

2001 to 2006 1,410 7.8% 105 4.4% 30 0.9% 40 1.3% 15 0.5% 0 0.0% 55 0.8%

Non-permanent residents 775 0.9% 70 0.5% 25 0.2% 10 0.1% 15 0.1% 0 0.0% 25 0.1%

VISIBLE MINORITIES

Total visible minority population 10,145 11.4% 1,410 9.2% 1,105 7.6% 1,035 9.7% 475 4.5% 150 3.2% 1,660 6.4%

Chinese 1,960 19.3% 205 14.5% 140 12.7% 185 17.9% 125 26.3% 60 40.0% 370 22.3%

South Asian 1,515 14.9% 155 11.0% 185 16.7% 140 13.5% 55 11.6% 15 10.0% 210 12.7%

Black 3,385 33.4% 555 39.4% 410 37.1% 375 36.2% 130 27.4% 40 26.7% 545 32.8%

Filipino 260 2.6% 45 3.2% 50 4.5% 50 4.8% 15 3.2% 0 0.0% 65 3.9%


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Latin American 455 4.5% 100 7.1% 55 5.0% 40 3.9% 30 6.3% 0 0.0% 70 4.2%

Southeast Asian 360 3.5% 75 5.3% 40 3.6% 30 2.9% 20 4.2% 10 6.7% 60 3.6%

Arab/West Asian 1,395 13.8% 185 13.1% 125 11.3% 145 14.0% 75 15.8% 30 20.0% 250 15.1%

Korean 160 1.6% 10 0.7% 0 0.0% 15 1.4% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 15 0.9%

Japanese 235 2.3% 30 2.1% 30 2.7% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%



Not a visible minority 78,905 88.6% 13,995 90.8% 13,350 92.4% 9,630 90.3% 9,965 95.5% 4,605 96.8% 24,200 93.6%

MOTHER TONGUE

Single responses 87,500 98.3% 15,125 98.2% 14,235 98.5% 10,515 98.6% 10,320 98.8% 4,670 98.3% 25,505 98.6%

English 58,335 66.7% 10,300 68.1% 9,350 65.7% 6,390 60.8% 6,705 65.0% 3,430 73.4% 16,525 64.8%

French 16,945 19.4% 3,085 20.4% 3,240 22.8% 2,280 21.7% 2,130 20.6% 700 15.0% 5,110 20.0%

Non-official language 12,225 14.0% 1,740 11.5% 1,650 11.6% 1,845 17.5% 1,480 14.3% 545 11.7% 3,870 15.2%

Multiple responses 1,545 1.7% 280 1.8% 220 1.5% 150 1.4% 125 1.2% 80 1.7% 355 1.4%


Other combinations 730 47.2% 125 44.6% 100 45.5% 60 40.0% 45 36.0% 45 56.3% 150 42.3%


English only 51,525 57.9% 8,655 56.2% 8,160 56.5% 6,585 61.7% 7,050 67.5% 3,545 74.6% 17,180 66.4%

French only 1,490 1.7% 175 1.1% 210 1.5% 285 2.7% 385 3.7% 140 2.9% 810 3.1%

English and French 35,355 39.7% 6,545 42.5% 6,025 41.7% 3,535 33.1% 2,815 27.0% 985 20.7% 7,335 28.4%


WITH DIFFICULTIES

No Difficulties 64,825 73.5% 12,050 78.9% 10,115 70.5% 6,560 62.5% 4,855 47.1% 1,285 27.6% 12,700 49.9%

Difficulties sometimes 13,470 15.3% 1,855 12.1% 2,500 17.4% 2,350 22.4% 3,140 30.5% 1,500 32.2% 6,990 27.5%

Difficulties often 9,940 11.3% 1,375 9.0% 1,730 12.1% 1,590 15.1% 2,305 22.4% 1,870 40.2% 5,765 22.6%




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Appendix C. Profile of Older Adults Living on Low Income


Total 98,285 11,280 8.9% 7,650 8.6% 3,330 6.5% 2,150 6.6% 865 9.0% 6,345 6.8%

Male 46,075 46.9% 5,750 51.0% 3,620 47.3% 1,210 36.3% 565 26.3% 135 15.6% 1,910 30.1%

Female 52,205 53.1% 5,530 49.0% 4,035 52.7% 2,120 63.7% 1,585 73.7% 730 84.4% 4,435 69.9%

MARITAL STATUS


law 21,970 22.4% 4,565 40.5% 2,585 33.8% 760 22.8% 290 13.5% 60 6.9% 1,110 17.5%

Separated or Divorced 11,890 12.1% 3,285 29.1% 2,750 35.9% 1,210 36.3% 455 21.2% 50 5.8% 1,715 27.0%

Never married (single) 60,300 61.4% 3,010 26.7% 1,510 19.7% 485 14.6% 245 11.4% 75 8.7% 805 12.7%

Widowed 4,125 4.2% 425 3.8% 810 10.6% 875 26.3% 1,160 54.0% 675 78.0% 2,710 42.7%

LIVING ARRANGEMENTS

Spouses, common-law partners 28,920 29.4% 6,175 54.7% 3,025 39.5% 770 23.1% 345 16.0% 80 9.2% 1,195 18.8%

Sons/daughters 31,295 31.8% 100 0.9% 45 0.6% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

With Relatives 1,930 2.0% 155 1.4% 90 1.2% 110 3.3% 25 1.2% 15 1.7% 150 2.4%

With non-relatives 15,890 16.2% 1,245 11.0% 855 11.2% 270 8.1% 100 4.7% 10 1.2% 380 6.0%

Total Living alone 20,250 20.6% 3,610 32.0% 3,640 47.6% 2,175 65.3% 1,680 78.1% 755 87.3% 4,610 72.7%

Male - Living alone 8,770 43.3% 1,995 55.3% 1,495 41.1% 540 24.8% 335 19.9% 85 11.3% 960 20.8%

Female - Living alone 11,475 56.7% 1,615 44.7% 2,150 59.1% 1,640 75.4% 1,340 79.8% 665 88.1% 3,645 79.1%

EMPLOYMENT

In the labour force 41,370 54.5% 6,475 57.4% 2,760 36.1% 305 9.2% 65 3.0% 10 1.2% 380 6.0%

Employed 34,810 84.1% 5,470 84.5% 2,455 88.9% 280 91.8% 60 92.3% 10 100.0% 350 92.1%

Unemployed 6,555 18.8% 1,010 18.5% 310 12.6% 20 7.1% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 20 5.7%

Not in the labour force 34,550 45.5% 4,805 42.6% 4,895 64.0% 3,025 90.8% 2,085 97.0% 850 98.3% 5,960 93.9%

FINANCIAL SECURITY









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Employment income % 40.9 37.6 28 2.6 0.4 0


payments % 51.3 55.2 51.7 89.4 80.5 91.6


Investment income % 2.7 3 10.3 3.6 7.8 2.7


INCOME BRACKETS

under $5,000 - Total Income 19,405 28.2% 3,155 29.3% 2,060 28.4% 280 8.5% 105 5.0% 30 3.5% 415 6.6%

$5,000 to $9,999 16,170 23.5% 2,735 25.4% 1,820 25.1% 355 10.8% 70 3.3% 10 1.2% 435 6.9%

$10,000 to $14,999 18,810 27.3% 2,715 25.2% 2,240 30.8% 1,590 48.3% 1,075 50.8% 465 54.4% 3,130 50.0%

$15,000 to $19,999 10,215 14.8% 1,250 11.6% 865 11.9% 1,005 30.5% 810 38.3% 335 39.2% 2,150 34.3%

$20,000 to $24,999 2,535 3.7% 555 5.1% 135 1.9% 45 1.4% 30 1.4% 15 1.8% 90 1.4%

$25,000 to $34,999 1,355 2.0% 285 2.6% 60 0.8% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

$35,000 to $49,999 195 0.3% 35 0.3% 10 0.1% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

$50,000 to $74,999 70 0.1% 35 0.3% 15 0.2% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

$75,000 to $99,999 50 0.1% 10 0.1% 35 0.5% 10 0.3% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 10 0.2%

$100,000 to $149,999 25 0.0% 10 0.1% 0 0.0% 10 0.3% 15 0.7% 0 0.0% 25 0.4%

$150,000 to $199,999 15 0.0% 0 0.0% 15 0.2% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

$200,000 to $249,999 10 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

$250,000 and over 25 0.0% 0 0.0% 10 0.1% 0 0.0% 10 0.5% 0 0.0% 10 0.2%

IMMIGRATION STATUS

Non-immigrants 62,320 63.4% 6,575 58.3% 4,645 60.7% 1,760 52.9% 1,265 58.8% 530 61.6% 3,555 56.1%

Immigrants 32,165 32.7% 4,535 40.2% 2,965 38.8% 1,545 46.5% 870 40.5% 330 38.4% 2,745 43.3%

Before 1991 10,200 31.7% 2,215 48.8% 2,180 73.5% 970 62.8% 595 68.4% 255 77.3% 1,820 66.3%

1991 to 2000 11,065 34.4% 1,375 30.3% 545 18.4% 345 22.3% 225 25.9% 60 18.2% 630 23.0%

2001 to 2006 10,895 33.9% 945 20.8% 245 8.3% 230 14.9% 45 5.2% 15 4.5% 290 10.6%

Non-permanent residents 3,800 3.9% 170 1.5% 40 0.5% 20 0.6% 15 0.7% 0 0 35 0.6%

VISIBLE MINORITY

Total visible minority population 40,170 40.9% 3,610 32.0% 1,510 19.7% 935 28.1% 410 19.1% 150 17.4% 1,495 23.6%

Chinese 4,680 11.7% 400 11.1% 290 19.2% 245 26.2% 150 36.6% 55 36.7% 450 30.1%

South Asian 4,560 11.4% 450 12.5% 235 15.6% 85 9.1% 35 8.5% 10 6.7% 130 8.7%

Black 13,120 32.7% 920 25.5% 385 25.5% 265 28.3% 70 17.1% 40 26.7% 375 25.1%


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Filipino 995 2.5% 95 2.6% 30 2.0% 35 3.7% 15 3.7% 0 0.0% 50 3.3%

Latin American 1,800 4.5% 280 7.8% 75 5.0% 65 7.0% 20 4.9% 10 6.7% 95 6.4%

Southeast Asian 2,075 5.2% 270 7.5% 40 2.6% 60 6.4% 25 6.1% 10 6.7% 95 6.4%

Arab/West Asian 10,885 27.1% 1,040 28.8% 370 24.5% 160 17.1% 85 20.7% 25 16.7% 270 18.1%

Korean 675 1.7% 70 1.9% 20 1.3% 10 1.1% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 10 0.7%

Japanese 150 0.4% 0 0.0% 10 0.7% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%



Not a visible minority 58,115 59.1% 7,670 68.0% 6,145 80.3% 2,395 71.9% 1,735 80.9% 710 82.6% 4,840 76.4%

MOTHER TONGUE

Single responses 95,150 96.8% 10,855 96.3% 7,490 98.0% 3,275 98.3% 2,105 97.9% 845 98.3% 6,225 98.1%

English 46,735 49.1% 5,180 47.7% 3,845 51.3% 1,270 38.8% 800 38.0% 415 49.1% 2,485 39.9%

French 12,515 13.2% 1,585 14.6% 1,515 20.2% 740 22.6% 610 29.0% 195 23.1% 1,545 24.8%

Non-official language 35,890 37.7% 4,090 37.7% 2,125 28.4% 1,265 38.6% 690 32.8% 240 28.4% 2,195 35.3%

Multiple responses 3,140 3.2% 420 3.7% 155 2.0% 55 1.7% 45 2.1% 15 1.7% 115 1.8%


Other combinations 2,145 68.3% 250 59.5% 90 58.1% 25 45.5% 25 55.6% 10 66.7% 60 52.2%

KNOWLEDGE OF OFFICIEL LANGUAGES

English only 62,890 64.0% 7,275 64.5% 4,755 62.1% 1,825 54.9% 1,085 50.3% 460 53.8% 3,370 53.2%

French only 2,645 2.7% 195 1.7% 190 2.5% 125 3.8% 185 8.6% 85 9.9% 395 6.2%

English and French 29,940 30.5% 3,455 30.6% 2,450 32.0% 970 29.2% 675 31.3% 215 25.1% 1,860 29.4%

Neither English nor French 2,810 2.9% 350 3.1% 260 3.4% 405 12.2% 210 9.7% 95 11.1% 710 11.2%

WITH DIFFICULTIES

No Difficulties 80,925 83.3% 7,835 70.0% 4,290 56.3% 1,680 51.5% 885 41.9% 230 27.1% 2,796 44.9%

Difficulties sometimes 8,515 8.8% 1,700 15.2% 1,640 21.5% 815 25.0% 600 28.4% 220 25.9% 1,636 26.3%

Difficulties often 7,710 7.9% 1,655 14.8% 1,695 22.2% 770 23.6% 625 29.6% 400 47.1% 1,796 28.8%




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Appendix D. Profile of Francophone Older Adults

Total 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 to 74 75 to 84 85+ 65+

Total 141,610 24,400 17,250 10,385 6,390 1,840 18,615

Men 65,315 46.1% 10,940 44.8% 8,005 46.4% 4,455 42.9% 2,485 38.9% 495 26.9% 7,435 39.9%

Women 76,290 53.9% 13,465 55.2% 9,245 53.6% 5,935 57.1% 3,910 61.2% 1,345 73.1% 11,190 60.1%

MARITAL STATUS


law 66,770 47.2% 17,185 70.4% 11,725 68.0% 6,550 63.1% 3,075 48.1% 435 23.6% 10,060 54.0%


Never married (single) 56,735 40.1% 3,105 12.7% 1,655 9.6% 725 7.0% 615 9.6% 290 15.8% 1,630 8.8%

Widowed 6,560 4.6% 480 2.0% 915 5.3% 1,750 16.9% 2,235 35.0% 1,060 57.6% 5,045 27.1%

LIVING ARRANGEMENTS

Spouses, common-law partners or

lone parents 73,530 51.9% 19,340 79.3% 12,455 72.2% 6,980 67.2% 3,480 54.5% 620 33.7% 11,080 59.5%

Sons/daughters 39,565 27.9% 495 2.0% 280 1.6% 35 0.3% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 35 0.2%

With Relatives 2,640 1.9% 390 1.6% 345 2.0% 390 3.8% 310 4.9% 200 10.9% 900 4.8%


Living alone - Total 18,940 13.4% 3,390 13.9% 3,515 20.4% 2,510 24.2% 2,295 35.9% 780 42.4% 5,585 30.0%

Living alone - Men 7,465 39.4% 1,475 43.5% 1,465 41.7% 630 25.1% 450 19.6% 140 17.9% 1,220 21.8%

Living alone - Women 11,475 60.6% 1,915 56.5% 2,055 58.5% 1,880 74.9% 1,840 80.2% 645 82.7% 4,365 78.2%

EMPLOYMENT


Employed 76,830 94.3% 20,345 96.7% 9,250 96.5% 1,330 95.7% 250 92.6% 65 68.4% 1,645 93.7%

Unemployed 4,645 6.0% 695 3.4% 340 3.7% 60 4.5% 20 8.0% 30 46.2% 110 6.7%


FINANCIAL SECURITY








Employment income % 77.4 91.9 67.1 13.9 2.9 2.4


payments % 8.2 2.7 5.7 33.5 36.1 43.7



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Total 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 to 74 75 to 84 85+ 65+



INCOME BRACKETS

under $5,000 - Total Income 9,910 8.6% 1,470 6.1% 1,210 7.2% 135 1.3% 20 0.3% 0 0.0% 155 0.8%

$5,000 to $9,999 8,595 7.5% 1,090 4.5% 935 5.5% 705 6.8% 210 3.3% 40 2.2% 955 5.2%

$10,000 to $14,999 10,245 8.9% 1,215 5.1% 1,410 8.3% 1,420 13.7% 1,020 16.0% 360 20.2% 2,800 15.1%$15,000 to $19,999 8,365 7.3% 875 3.6% 850 5.0% 1,405 13.6% 1,090 17.1% 445 24.9% 2,940 15.9%

$20,000 to $24,999 6,660 5.8% 960 4.0% 895 5.3% 850 8.2% 620 9.7% 170 9.5% 1,640 8.9%

$25,000 to $34,999 12,635 11.0% 1,965 8.2% 1,915 11.3% 1,745 16.9% 1,000 15.7% 310 17.4% 3,055 16.5%

$35,000 to $49,999 19,085 16.6% 4,085 17.0% 3,245 19.2% 1,880 18.2% 1,035 16.2% 240 13.4% 3,155 17.0%

$50,000 to $74,999 21,865 19.1% 5,815 24.2% 3,255 19.2% 1,540 14.9% 905 14.2% 170 9.5% 2,615 14.1%

$75,000 to $99,999 10,375 9.0% 3,850 16.0% 1,665 9.8% 390 3.8% 340 5.3% 50 2.8% 780 4.2%

$100,000 to $149,999 5,180 4.5% 1,985 8.3% 1,110 6.6% 210 2.0% 90 1.4% 0 0.0% 300 1.6%

$150,000 to $199,999 950 0.8% 365 1.5% 200 1.2% 35 0.3% 20 0.3% 0 0.0% 55 0.3%

$200,000 to $249,999 360 0.3% 165 0.7% 80 0.5% 20 0.2% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 20 0.1%

$250,000 and over 495 0.4% 160 0.7% 150 0.9% 20 0.2% 25 0.4% 0 0.0% 45 0.2%


Total 17,455 12.3% 2,155 8.8% 1,710 9.9% 870 8.4% 690 10.8% 235 12.8% 1795 9.6%

Men 7,415 42.5% 985 45.7% 760 44.4% 295 33.9% 130 18.8% 35 14.9% 460 25.6%

Women 10,045 57.5% 1,170 54.3% 950 55.6% 570 65.5% 555 80.4% 200 85.1% 1325 73.8%

PLACE OF BIRTH

Born in Ontario 81,810 57.8% 12,595 51.6% 8,655 50.2% 5,475 52.7% 3,100 48.5% 925 50.3% 9,500 51.0%

Born in Quebec 32,790 23.2% 7,315 30.0% 5,600 32.5% 3,190 30.7% 2,205 34.5% 665 36.1% 6,060 32.6%

Born in Other Provinces or

Territories 6,385 4.5% 1,065 4.4% 880 5.1% 540 5.2% 285 4.5% 70 3.8% 895 4.8%

Born outside Canada 20,625 14.6% 3,425 14.0% 2,115 12.3% 1,185 11.4% 805 12.6% 185 10.1% 2,175 11.7%

IMMIGRANT STATUS

Non-immigrants 121,715 86.0% 21,085 86.4% 15,170 88.0% 9,200 88.6% 5,595 87.6% 1,660 90.2% 16,455 88.4%

Immigrants 18,895 13.3% 3,245 13.3% 2,020 11.7% 1,185 11.4% 790 12.4% 180 9.8% 2,155 11.6%

Before 1991 8,345 44.2% 1,925 59.3% 1,735 85.9% 965 81.4% 680 86.1% 160 88.9% 1,805 83.8%

1991 to 2000 6,310 33.4% 920 28.4% 210 10.4% 185 15.6% 100 12.7% 0 0.0% 285 13.2%

2001 to 2006 4,245 22.5% 400 12.3% 75 3.7% 40 3.4% 10 1.3% 0 0.0% 50 2.3%

Non-permanent residents 1,000 0.7% 70 0.3% 55 0.3% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

VISIBLE MINORITY STATUS

Total visible minority population 19,900 14.1% 1,980 8.1% 1,065 6.2% 530 5.1% 230 3.6% 95 5.2% 855 4.6%

Chinese 1,260 6.3% 70 3.5% 55 5.2% 50 9.4% 20 8.7% 0 0.0% 70 8.2%


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Total 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 to 74 75 to 84 85+ 65+

South Asian 815 4.1% 40 2.0% 65 6.1% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

Black 12,110 60.9% 1,195 60.4% 530 49.8% 210 39.6% 90 39.1% 65 68.4% 365 42.7%

Filipino 95 0.5% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

Latin American 645 3.2% 100 5.1% 75 7.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

Southeast Asian 935 4.7% 105 5.3% 110 10.3% 75 14.2% 35 15.2% 25 26.3% 135 15.8%

Arab/West Asian 3,440 17.3% 375 18.9% 195 18.3% 145 27.4% 55 23.9% 0 0.0% 200 23.4%

Korean 70 0.4% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%

Japanese 100 0.5% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%



Not a visible minority 121,710 85.9% 22,425 91.9% 16,190 93.8% 9,855 94.9% 6,160 96.4% 1,745 94.8% 17,760 95.4%


English only 1,680 1.2% 300 1.2% 215 1.2% 120 1.2% 55 0.9% 25 1.4% 200 1.1%

French only 12,945 9.1% 1,290 5.3% 985 5.7% 980 9.5% 925 14.5% 395 21.6% 2,300 12.4%

English and French 126,915 89.6% 22,805 93.5% 16,045 93.0% 9,255 89.4% 5,410 84.7% 1,410 77.0% 16,075 86.5%


WITH DIFFICULTIESNo difficulties 121,050 86.3% 20,895 86.3% 13,185 77.0% 6,715 65.2% 3,110 49.3% 505 28.8% 10,330 56.3%

Difficulties sometimes 10,980 7.8% 2,065 8.5% 2,210 12.9% 2,090 20.3% 1,695 26.9% 495 28.2% 4,280 23.3%

Difficulties often 8,315 5.9% 1,250 5.2% 1,720 10.0% 1,495 14.5% 1,500 23.8% 755 43.0% 3,750 20.4%



Based the Office of Francophone Affairs' Inclusive Definition of Francophone (IDF) which is a derived variable calculated based on three questions in the census concerning mother

tongue, the language spoken at home and knowledge of official languages.


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Appendix E. Profile of Immigrant Older AdultsTotal 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 to 74 75 to 84 85 + 65+

Total 178,545 31,790 26,320 18,065 10,655 2,485 31,205

Male 85,115 47.7% 15,465 48.6% 12,980 49.3% 8,920 49.4% 4,715 44.3% 890 35.8% 14,525 46.5%

Female 93,430 52.3% 16,325 51.4% 13,345 50.7% 9,140 50.6% 5,940 55.7% 1,595 64.2% 16,675 53.4%

MARITAL STATUS


law 109,850 61.5% 24,880 78.3% 19,900 75.6% 13,160 72.8% 5,990 56.2% 860 34.6% 20,010 64.1%


Never married (single) 43,970 24.6% 2,330 7.3% 1,395 5.3% 665 3.7% 320 3.0% 110 4.4% 1,095 3.5%

Widowed 9,675 5.4% 620 2.0% 1,465 5.6% 2,420 13.4% 3,550 33.3% 1,410 56.7% 7,380 23.7%

LIVING ARRANGEMENTS

Spouses, common-law partners 119,175 66.9% 27,780 87.5% 21,505 82.0% 13,740 76.2% 6,775 63.8% 1,090 44.2% 21,605 69.4%

Sons/daughters 30,500 17.1% 630 2.0% 315 1.2% 30 0.2% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 30 0.1%

With Relatives 5,540 3.1% 430 1.4% 735 2.8% 1,055 5.9% 910 8.6% 325 13.2% 2,290 7.4%


Living alone 18,145 10.2% 2,360 7.4% 3,240 12.3% 2,985 16.6% 2,820 26.5% 1,000 40.6% 6,805 21.9%

Male - Living alone 7,615 42.0% 1,270 53.8% 1,325 40.9% 900 30.2% 690 24.5% 155 15.5% 1,745 25.6%

Female - Living alone 10,530 58.0% 1,090 46.2% 1,915 59.1% 2,090 70.0% 2,130 75.5% 845 84.5% 5,065 74.4%

EMPLOYMENT


Employed 100,030 92.8% 25,465 94.8% 15,845 96.0% 3,260 95.7% 480 96.0% 85 73.9% 3,825 95.1%

Unemployed 7,815 7.2% 1,390 5.2% 665 4.0% 145 4.3% 20 4.0% 30 26.1% 195 4.9%


FINANCIAL SECURITY




Average Total income $38,729 $4

A Portrait of Older Adults

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