A Pirate’s Journey Into the Deepest Oceans! By: Nathan Nimeskern

A Pirate’s Journey Into the Deepest Oceans!

By: Nathan Nimeskern

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Ahoy!! Today we be goin' t' learn about creatures o' t' deep!Click on t' next button t' begin your journey!But first, read a little about t' study o' creatures o' t' ocean!

• Marine biology is the scientific study of organisms in the ocean

• Organisms = anything living• Creatures covered in this presentation:

– Marine Mammals– Fish– Invertebrates– Marine Reptiles

Marine Biology

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Quiz

• A fish consists of:– Gills– Lack of limbs or digits– Scales

• Swim in schools• 32,400 species of fish

– Sharks, sting rays, clown fish will be covered in this presentation

Fish

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• 470 species of sharks• Carnivorous • Has a cartilaginous skeleton• 5-7 gill slits on each side of head• Great white shark most famous

– Jaws movie• Smallest shark

– Dwarf lanternshark – 17 cm• Largest shark (and fish)

– Whale shark – 39 feet

Sharks

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• 500 species of rays• Closely related to sharks• Flattened bodies• Electric rays can produce up to 220

volts • Feed off ocean floor from snails,

clams, oysters, and crustaceans

Rays (Batoidea)

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• 30 species of clownfish• Amemonefish is the scientific name• Range from 3.9 to 7.1 inches• Lives in warmer waters

– Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Great Barrier Reef, and the Red Sea

• Feed from small invertebrates that could potentially harm sea anemone

• The fish in the film “Little Nemo” was a clownfish

Clownfish

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• 128 different species• They are mammals, like humans, but need

the ocean for their existence• Need oxygen to breathe• Holds breath when underwater, needs to

come up for air• Major species:

– Seals, whales, and dolphins

Marine Mammals

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• Scientific name: pinnipeds– Fin footed mammals

• Walruses, sea lions, and true seals are most commonly known seals

• Flippers help them swim through the water• Over hunting almost drove them to extinction

Seals

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• Breathe air from blow hole• Largest whale (and animal)

– Blue Whale

• Smallest whale– Pygmy Sperm Whale

• Whales are known to socialize with each other• Some whales can live up to 77 years

Whales

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• Very close cousins with a whale• About 40 species • Vary in size from 4 to 30 feet• One of the most intelligent animals• Very playful• Has a blowhole • Most known dolphins:

– Bottlenose dolphin, common dolphin, killer whales

Dolphin

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• Multicellular animals that inhibit a marine enviroment

• Lack a vertebral column• Can have a shell or hard exoskeleton• Thousands of different species

– Cnidaria (jellyfish)– Crustacea (lobsters, crabs)– Mollusca (octopus)

Invertebrates

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• Over 10,000 species• Found exclusively in marine environments• Prey on many different plants and animals, such as

plankton, algae, and even starfish• Bodies consist of mesoglea, a non-living jelly substance• Free floating• Some reproduce sexually and asexually• Scientist claim they have been around for 580 million

years

Cnidaria

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• Over 67,000 species!• Has an exoskeleton • Most live in the water, however some do live on land• Crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill and barnacles are

common names of crustaceo• Have two-parted limbs• 10 million tons are produced, fished, and farmed for

human consumption every year– Shrimp

Crustacea

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• Around 85,000 species• Largest marine phylum• Second largest animal

phylum• Octopus, giant squid

are the largest and most neurologically advanced out of all the molluscas

Mollusca

Largest Marine An-imal Phylum by

Far MolluscaAll other animals

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• Reptiles that have adapted for aquatic life in a marine enviroment

• Saltwater crocodile, sea snakes, sea turtle

Marine Reptiles

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• Largest of all living reptiles• Lives in: • Northern Australia, Southeast Asia, and eastern

coast of IndiaSnout twice the size of a regular crocodile

• Largest on record found is 20 feet• Very fast on land, but even faster in the water• Eats pretty much any animal who comes too

close

Saltwater Crocodile

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• Grow between 3.9 to 9.8 feet in length• Very venomous snakes

– Although most are reluctant to bite, making them pretty harmless

– When they do bite, very little venom enters the body– Very painless

• They swim in the ocean most of their lives• Must come to the surface to breathe• Most feed on fish

Sea Snake

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• Inhabit all oceans but the Arctic• Mostly always submerged in the water• Lives up to 80 years• Takes decades to reach sexual maturity • Some females return to the place of their birth to

lay their eggs– She lays lots of eggs, but only a few baby sea turtles

make it

• Immune from jellyfish stings, and regularly eat them

Sea Turtle

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Welcome aft mateys! How was your trip? Time t' test your knowledge about t' creatures o' t' deep!

Click HEREto begin!

Question 1What is the largest

marine animal phylum?

1. Mollusca

2. Sea Turtle

3. Shark

Great Job!!!!!Click HERE for

the next question!!!

WAY TO

GO!!!