A numerical DP module For design and ... - Dynamic...
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1 1PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
A numerical DP moduleFor design and operations
A. Ledoux, B Lecuyer, C. Le CunffPrincipia R.D.
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2 2PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
Summary
Numerical Tool: DiodoreModeling of floating structureModeling of environmentShip simulator
DP moduleDP control systemAllocation/compensationType of analyses
Application: offloading
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3 3PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
DIODORE Applications
Stability
DP module
Strength, loads & FEM coupling
Sea-keeping
Mooring & UFL design
Marine operations
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4 4PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
Software Architecture
PREHydrostatics & mass breakdown
HYDROHydrodynamics loads & pressures
MECAFrequency/Time domain motion simulation
POSTPost-processing, animations, statistics,plots
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5 5PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
Hydrodynamics
Diffraction-RadiationSource modelInfinite or finite depthWithout or with forward speed Drift forces Control point in the fluid (pressure &
velocities)Moonpool & side by side methodologies
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6 6PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
Hydrodynamic model
Hydrodynamic loads based on diffraction-radiation
sink source method
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7 7PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
Sea keeping
Motions, accelerations at any pointsSplash zone, green water, slamming occurrenceDamping formulationsMulti-structuresLong crested & short crested sea statesAdvanced features:
Sloshing/sea-keeping couplingStabilization devices (anti-roll tanks, foils…)Multi-peaks multi-directional sea statesAutomatic pilots
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8 8PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
Mooring design
Mooring design (extreme & fatigue)
Static, quasi-static simulations
Squall windsAPI 2SK rules
applicationsCompliant to BV rule
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9 9PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
Ship motion
6-dof response assessed from the efforts on the ship, including :
environmental loads
mooring
control units
maneuverability
(Speed not at scale)
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10 10PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
The DP Module
DP CONTROL SYSTEM
PID
FDP DP Ship External loads
Freg
+
−
x,y,ψ +Set point
Computed position (LF)
Feedbackloop
FwindWind FFWD
+
Ideal wind feed forwardPID correctorAnti-reset windup to prevent saturation
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11 11PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
PID regulator
DP PILOT : PID REGULATOR
Proportional = Stiffness
Integral = Mean offset correction
Derivative = Damping
PPIPIDShip response
time
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12 12PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
The DP ModuleTHRUSTER ALLOCATION
dynamicFDP = Freg static FDP = −Fext
DP Pilot
FDP
ALLOCATION
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13 13PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
Linking Thrusters
Should be of the same typeWill be commanded the same thrust and azimuth
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14 14PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
Linking Thrusters
ALLOCATION
Will be commanded the same thrust and azimuthAllocated as single equivalent thrusters
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15 15PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
The DP ModuleFIRST STEP : LINEAR ALLOCATION
Corrective effort Thruster
commands
F = BB ×× U
BB : Allocation matrix based on DP system geometry
Solved with energy cost-function optimization :
U = BB† F with BB† = BBT.(BB.BBT) −1
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16 16PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
The DP ModuleTHRUSTER ALLOCATION
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17 17PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
The DP ModuleSECOND STEP : COMPENSATION
Azimuth compensation
Device fixed to maximum azimuth
Re-allocation
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18 18PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
The DP ModuleSECOND STEP : COMPENSATION
Thrust compensation
Device fixed to maximum thrust
Re-allocation
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19 19PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
The DP ModuleSTATION KEEPING CAPABILITY ANALYSIS
Mechanical processor in frequency domain
Define thrusters + DP system (only static parameters)
Define environment (API)
Draw capability plots
TIME SIMULATION
Mechanical processor in time domain
Define thrusters + DP system & pilot
Run LF simulation together with any other mechanical model (mooring, etc)
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20 20PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
The DP ModuleCONTROL UNITS
Tunnel thruster
Directional thruster (reversible or not)
Screw propeller & rudder
Azimuth thruster
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21 21PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
The DP ModuleCAPABILITY PLOT : IMCA-STANDARD
Overall DP system performance :
Maximum wind speed before system saturation
vs
Incidence of mean environmental forces
Same direction for wind, wave and current
Wave and current related to wind speed
Max wind speed(knots)
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
270
300
330
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22 22PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
The DP ModuleCAPABILITY PLOT : API-STANDARD
DP system solicitation in given environment :
Thruster solicitation
vs
Ship heading
Optimize ship availability for operations
Thrust (kN)
015
30
45
60
75
90
105
120
135
150165
180195
210
225
240
255
270
285
300
315
330345
Bow truster Stbd AzimuthalPort Azimuthal Aft Azimuthal
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23 23PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
The DP ModuleTIME DOMAIN SIMULATIONS
Simulate ship response to environment including special events (scenario) or environmental changes (squall winds)
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24 24PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
The DP ModuleTIME DOMAIN SIMULATIONS
DP pilot parameters :
- Gains, thrust saturation, azimuth saturation
- Set point, actualization time lap
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25 25PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
ApplicationsTANDEM OFF-LOADING
110 000 DWT DP-tanker
L320m x B55m x T8.2m
2 x 75kN tunnel thrusters + 2 x 100kN azimuth thrusters
OCIMF coefficients for wind & current polars
Environment :
wind : 9.6knots from 75°N
wave : Hs=2.3m, Tp=12s from 300°N
current : 0.65m/s to 330°.
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26 26PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
ApplicationsTANDEM OFF-LOADING
Capability analysis : normal / failure mode
0
20
40
60
80
100
Thrust Allocation (kN)
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
270
300
330
Bow tunnelStern tunnelPort azimuthingStbd azimuthing
0
20
40
60
80
Thrust Allocation (kN)
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
270
300
330
Bow tunnelStern tunnelPort azimuthingStbd azimuthing
Normal Bow thruster failureFull Safe operating range
DP unable to maintain ship position
Reduced Safeoperating range
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27 27PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
ApplicationsTANKER RESPONSE TO SQUALL WIND
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Win
d sp
eed
(m/s
)
0
45
90
135
180
225
270
315
360
Win
d di
rect
ion
(CW
N)Wind speed
Wind direction
Surge and Sway motions (m)
-60
-40
-20
0
20
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000
SurgeSway
Tanker Trajectory
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
0
20
40
60
80
100
Thrust Allocation (kN)
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
270
300
330
Bow tunnelStern tunnelPort azimuthingStbd azimuthing
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28 28PRINCIPIA © 2005 DP Conference 2005 -Numerical DP module
Concluding remarks
DP Module Validation : Field Development Ship (SAIBOS)
Development : frequency domain