A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network...
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![Page 1: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast
Networks with Network Coding
I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson
Dept. of ECE, TAMU
![Page 2: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Wireless P2P
• Exchange data locally instead of getting all packets from the base station
A BA,B
A,B
![Page 3: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Wireless P2P
• Exchange data locally instead of getting all packets from the base station
A BA,B
A,BA B
![Page 4: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Wireless P2P
• Exchange data locally instead of getting all packets from the base station
A BA,B
A,BA B
A B
![Page 5: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Wireless P2P
• Exchange data locally instead of getting all packets from the base station
A BA
B
A B
![Page 6: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Wireless P2P
• Exchange data locally instead of getting all packets from the base station
A BA
B
A
B
![Page 7: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Benefits of Wireless P2P
• Exchange data locally requires less power• Reduce power consumption• Reduce interference• Increase spatial reuse and hence total
system capacity
• Reduce the amount of data from BS• Reduce cost
![Page 8: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Incentives in P2P
• People benefit from “receiving” data, not “transmitting” data
• A policy is needed to make people contribute• Tic-for-tac exchange between 2 peers
A BNeed: B Need: A
![Page 9: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Incentives in P2P
• People benefit from “receiving” data, not “transmitting” data
• A policy is needed to make people contribute• Tic-for-tac exchange between 2 peers
A BNeed: B Need: A
A
B
![Page 10: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Free Rider Problem
• The broadcast wireless channels make it a little bit more tricky…
A
A
B
BNeed: BNeed: A
…….
…….
![Page 11: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Free Rider Problem
A
A
B
BA B
• The broadcast wireless channels make it a little bit more tricky…
![Page 12: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• The broadcast wireless channels make it a little bit more tricky…
Free Rider Problem
A
A
B
BA
A
B
B Free Riders!
![Page 13: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Contributions
• Propose a non-monetary protocol for wireless P2P networks
• Address the free rider by incentivizing nodes to contribute
• Derive closed-form Nash Equilibrium• Propose a distributed mechanism that
converges to the Nash Equilibrium• Incorporate network coding
![Page 14: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
A Model for Incentives
For every packet I download, I want:• Make as few transmissions as possible• Minimize the inter-packet delay, or,
equivalently, maximize download rate
![Page 15: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
A Model for Incentives
My cost function:
gn{avg. transmissions per download}
+wn{avg. inter-download delay}
gn: price for transmission
wn: price for waiting
![Page 16: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Protocol Illustration
A
A
B
B
TimeTime
![Page 17: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Protocol Illustration
A
A
B
B
backoff
backoff
TimeTime
![Page 18: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Protocol Illustration
A
A
B
B
Time up
backoff
TimeTime
Have: A Need: B
![Page 19: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Protocol Illustration
A
A
B
B
backoff
backoff
TimeTime
![Page 20: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Protocol Illustration
A
A
B
B
backoff
Time up
TimeTime
B
![Page 21: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Protocol Illustration
A
A
B
B
TimeTime
A
B
B
![Page 22: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Protocol Illustration
A
A
B
B
TimeTime
B
B
A
A
![Page 23: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Protocol for Bilateral File Exchange
• Two files, A and B, in the system• The protocol consists of rounds• In the beginning of a round, nodes need B
secretly picks a backoff time• The node n with the smallest backoff time
transmits a control packet after backoff• Nodes that need A secretly picks a backoff
time• The node m with the smallest backoff time
exchanges with n
![Page 24: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Why the Protocol Works?
For every packet I download, I want:• Make as few transmissions as possible• Minimize the inter-packet delay, or,
equivalently, maximize download rate
If I pick a large backoff time• More likely that I don’t transmit
• Longer delay
![Page 25: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Performance Analysis
• Only two files in the system• Strategy of node n that needs A: Choose
backoff time as an exponential variable with mean
• Theorem: This strategy is a Nash Equilibrium• Average amount of time on backoff:
![Page 26: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Performance Analysis
• Only two files in the system• Strategy of node n that needs A: Choose
backoff time as an exponential variable with mean
Need to know the parameters of all other nodes!
![Page 27: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
A Distributed Mechanism
• I don’t know other nodes’ strategies• I can estimate them by monitoring
system history• Update my strategy accordingly
Theorem• The mechanism converges to a Nash
Equilibrium• Node’s cost decreases with each update
![Page 28: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Simulation Setup
• 10 nodes need A, and 10 nodes need B• gn=1, wn uniformly distributed between [1,2]
• Each node decides its initial policy by assuming that there are 100 nodes that need the same file as it does, and all nodes have the same value of wn as itself
• Each node uses the mechanism to update its strategy
![Page 29: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Simulation Results
![Page 30: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Performance Analysis
• Only two files in the system• Strategy of node n that needs A: Choose
backoff time as an exponential variable with mean
• Theorem: This strategy is a Nash Equilibrium• Average amount of time on backoff:
![Page 31: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Incorporating Network Coding for Multiple Files
AA BB
A
A
C
C B C
B C
![Page 32: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Incorporating Network Coding for Multiple Files
AA BB
A
A
C
C
backoff backoff
backoff backoff
backoffbackoff
B C
B C
![Page 33: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Incorporating Network Coding for Multiple Files
AA BB
A
A
C
C
Time up backoff
backoff backoff
backoffbackoff
B C
B C
![Page 34: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Incorporating Network Coding for Multiple Files
AA BB
A
A
C
C B C
B C
Have: A, B Need: C
![Page 35: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Incorporating Network Coding for Multiple Files
AA BB
A
A
C
Cbackoff backoff
backoffbackoff
B C
B C
![Page 36: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Incorporating Network Coding for Multiple Files
AA BB
A
A
C
Cbackoff backoff
backoffTime up
B C
B C
![Page 37: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Incorporating Network Coding for Multiple Files
AA BB
A
A
C
C B C
B CC
C C
![Page 38: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Incorporating Network Coding for Multiple Files
AA BB
A
A
C
C B C
B C
A B+
C C
![Page 39: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Incorporating Network Coding for Multiple Files
AA BB
A
A
C
C B C
B C
A B+B = A-
B
B
C C
![Page 40: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Incorporating Network Coding for Multiple Files
AA BB
A
A
C
C B C
B C
A B+ B = A-
B
B
C C
A
A
![Page 41: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Performance Analysis for Network Coding
• Theorem: When there are multiple files with network coding employed, and every node chooses its backoff time as an exponential random variable, the Nash Equilibrium can be computed by solving a series of linear equations
![Page 42: A Non-Monetary Protocol for P2P Content Distribution in Wireless Broadcast Networks with Network Coding I-Hong Hou, Yao Liu, and Alex Sprintson Dept. of.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020117/56649eb05503460f94bb561e/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Conclusions
• We propose a non-monetary protocol to address the free rider problem in wireless P2P networks
• The core idea is to apply random backoff• Derive closed-form Nash Equilibrium• Propose a distributed mechanism for
convergence• Extend the protocol to incorporate network
coding