A New Way of Looking at Information Sharing in Supply & Demand chains

8/6/2019 A New Way of Looking at Information Sharing in Supply & Demand chains

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A New Way of Looking at InformationSharing in Supply/Demand Chains

Steve Holcombe, CEOPardalis Inc.

5 August 2011

Two-way Informationmore Interoperable


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Broadly Perceived Benefits of the Internet

Consumers lives have become better on the net as a result of the great service that Google provides. Because of

Google, consumers and supply chain participants are now conditioned to believe that they can search and find

information about anything, anytime!

Facebook has turned the concept of user-centric information sharing into a product that ordinary computer users can

understand. Because of Facebook, consumers and supply chain participants are now conditioned to believe that they

can directly find information about anything, anytime from their trusted Friends.

Multi-tenancy

of Friends

Web pagesThis is great! I can

find anything, any

time on the Web!

This is great! I can

find anything, any

time from mytrusted Friends!

Wait a minute .

What do you mean

you cant tell me

where this great food

originated from?!


3/18

Comments from Tim Berners-Lee

*We need+ to provide Web users with better ways ofdetermining whether material on a site can be trusted. How

can we determine whether we can trustthe material

emanating from a site?

The Web was originally conceived as a tool for researcherswho trusted one another implicitly. We have been living with

the consequences ever since.

[S]ubstantial research should be devoted to engineering

layers oftrust and provenance into Web interactions.

__________________________

Web Science Emerges, SciAm (Oct 2008) Vol 299 Num 4, Pgs 76 - 81 by Nigel Shadbolt & Tim Berners-Lee (emphases

added).
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=web-sciencehttp://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=web-sciencehttp://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=web-sciencehttp://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=web-sciencehttp://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=web-sciencehttp://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=web-sciencehttp://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=web-science


4/18

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model

Data Units Layer Function

Data 7. Application User interaction, application layer

protocols (DNS, HTTP. RDF, XML,

etc.)

6. Presentation Data representation, encryption,

data conversion from machinedependent to machine

independent

5. Session Interhost communication

Segments 4. Transport Transmission Control Protocol

(TCP)

Packet/Datagram

3. Network Internet Protocol (IP)

Frame 2. Data Link Physical addressing

Bit 1. Physical Media, signal & binary transmission

The transmitted data, flowing through the different layers, is enriched with data about data (metadata) necessary for the correct

interpretation of the data in a particular layer. Tim Berners-Lee invented HTTP - hypertext transfer protocol for Layer 7 and

became the inventor of the World Wide Web.

The Internet is achieved via layered protocols


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To change this the Internet needs to provide two-way information sharing.

One-way Information

Two-way Information

Immutable Information

[See next slide]

Pardalis protocols for immutable information lay the foundation for interoperability .

One-way information creates a problem lack of interoperability. This is one of the

underlying reasons why supply chains find difficulty in moving beyond one-up/one-down

data sharing to real-time, whole chain data sharing.

0

Pardalis is introducing protocols, too .

Lack of interoperability

Real-time, interoperability


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OSI Model

Layers

Data

Model

Layers

Function

7. Application

Interface User interaction

Object Immutable

objects

Syntax Serialization (Ex.,

XML schema)

6. Presentation

Pardalis Protocols for Immutable Objects

A Pardalis immutable informational object (IIO) 200 is

typically identified by a unique identifier 201, as well as

a plurality ofimmutable data elements (IDEs) 211,

212, etc., each of which is identified by a corresponding

unique identifier 221, 222, etc.

Users have fine grained control over IDEs as their

pointers are distributed throughout a network.

Unique identifiers 221, 222, etc. may include sequence

and time information, version number information and

names other than DNS locations.

The IIO 200 may also contain metadata 202 such as data

relative to security, integrity, trust, permissions & policies,

formatting, control, etc. This is user-created metadata, not

metadata provided by a media channel service provider.

The IDEs 211, 212, etc. associated with a particular IIO 200are typically registered in a separate file system from the

IIO 200, and are linked via the use of pointers, which com-

prise the IDE unique identifiers 221, 222, etc.

The IIOs and IDEs are media agnostic. Anything that moves

bits can be used to communicate.

_________________________

NOTE: Immutable objects are ubiquitously used within and without OSI Model Layer 7. The above is intended to provide an example of one

protocol application of Pardalis IIO based upon its patents.

INFORMATIONAL OBJECT IDENTIFICATION

IMMUTABLE INFORMATIONAL OBJECT

DATA ELEMENT 1

DATA ELEMENT 2

DATA ELEMENT 1 IDENTIFIER


METADATA 202

221

222

200

.

...

201

211

212


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Beyond the Facebook Effect

Notwithstanding the Facebook Effect there is nothing user-centric in Facebooks implementation of information

sharing. It remains a one-way conversation that exploits the advantages of the Internet as it exists. Facebook dictates

the quality of service and makes billions of dollars doing so.

One-way Information

Pardalis IIO protocols provide ordinary users including supply chain participants along the whole chain with greater

control over their information that incentivizes increases in the quality and availability of new information leading to

new business models!


Info may be:

MissingUntrustworthy

Untraceable (from lack of interoperability)Warning

0

What do you

mean nobody

knows where this

stuff comes from?

Somebody must

know!

This is great! Why

couldnt I learn

this stuff from my

Friends before?

Info now more:

Available

Trustworthy

Traceable


8/18

SalesForce.com - CRM in the Cloud

One-way Information

Pardalis IIO protocols provide businesses of all sizes with new opportunities to improve.

Warning

Similar to the Facebook Effect in social media, SalesForce.com is having a galvanizing effect among large to mid-sized

businesses. Salesforce.com provides customer relationship management (CRM) software as a cloud computing service

in a multi-tenancy architecture. With CRM, businesses manager manage their supply chain vendors, customers and sales

prospects. Yet the same essential issues remain

Multi-tenancy

of supply chain

vendors,

customers &

sales prospects

0

You mean I have

to call your

companys phone

tree and talk to

somebody in

India?

This is great! I can

give real-time feedback about this food

and communicate

way up the supply

chain! Why couldnt

I do this before?!

Info may be:

Missing

Untrustworthy

Untraceable (from lack of interoperability)

Info now more:

Available

Trustworthy

Traceable



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Multi-tenancy Systems Interoperably Connected With Pardalis IIO Protocols

User tenancies in-

dividually controlled for

data privacy coupled with

two-way sharing. Ap-

plication Programming

Interfaces (APIs) provide

these two-way sharing

benefits to tenants of

third party systems for

overcoming silo effects

of supply/demand chains.

Data & metadata

business rules engine

Registry of

Immutable Data

Elements (IDEs)

Registry oftenant

controlled

IIOs

Multi-tenancy

System

IIOs IDEs

Pre-retailer Retailer

Consumer

Govt

APIAPIAPI


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Transactional Interoperability in Supply/Demand Chains

Distribution

Center

Manufac-turer

Processor

Distributor

Packer

Farmer

Farmer

CTID0

1CTID03

CTID05

CTID07

CTID04

CTID06

CTID08

CTID09

CTID10

Retail

Retail

CTID02

Consumer

Consumer

Consumer

Consumer

CTID1

1

CTID12

CTID13

CTID14

Critical Transactional

Identifiers (CTIDs)

CTID03 METADATA

InvoiceID CTID02_IDE1

CustomerID CTID02_IDE2

GTINID CTID02_IDE3

BatchNo CTID02_IDE4

FoodSafeTest CTID02_IDE5

ReceiptINo CTID02_IDE6

ItemRecdDate CTID02_IDE7

Best food ever!

Produce More!

Ive been poisoned!

CTID13 METADATA

ReceiptID CTID13_IDE1

CustomerID CTID13_IDE2

Feedback + CTID13_IDE4

GTINID CTID13_IDE3

Feedback - CTID13_IDE4


11/18

Precision Agriculture: Data Ownership over Wireless Broadcasts

001

SENSR001 METADATA

OwnerID IDE1

TimeStamp IDE2

Crop001 Status IDE3

. . .002

001

002 SENSR001 METADATA

OwnerID IDE1

TimeStamp IDE2

Crop002Status IDE3

Farmer Smiths Field

. . . .

Farmer

Smith,

these

crops are

ready!

FarmerSmith,

these

crops not

yet ready

Automatically

Authenticate/Sync

Cannot Access,Authenticate or Sync

Packer

Farmer

Jones

Farmer

Smith

CTID01

CTID02

CTID03


12/18

Real-time Test Marketing in the Demand/Supply Chain

Real-time polls Real-time Auction House Effect

See Real-time, supply

chain test marketing

of new product lines

posted at the Pardalis

Data Ownership Blog.
http://pardalis.squarespace.com/blog/2011/3/1/real-time-supply-chain-test-marketing-of-new-product-lines.htmlhttp://pardalis.squarespace.com/blog/2011/3/1/real-time-supply-chain-test-marketing-of-new-product-lines.htmlhttp://pardalis.squarespace.com/blog/2011/3/1/real-time-supply-chain-test-marketing-of-new-product-lines.htmlhttp://pardalis.squarespace.com/blog/2011/3/1/real-time-supply-chain-test-marketing-of-new-product-lines.htmlhttp://pardalis.squarespace.com/blog/2011/3/1/real-time-supply-chain-test-marketing-of-new-product-lines.htmlhttp://pardalis.squarespace.com/blog/2011/3/1/real-time-supply-chain-test-marketing-of-new-product-lines.htmlhttp://pardalis.squarespace.com/blog/2011/3/1/real-time-supply-chain-test-marketing-of-new-product-lines.htmlhttp://pardalis.squarespace.com/blog/2011/3/1/real-time-supply-chain-test-marketing-of-new-product-lines.htmlhttp://pardalis.squarespace.com/blog/2011/3/1/real-time-supply-chain-test-marketing-of-new-product-lines.html


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Beyond GS1s Architecture Framework

Without Pardalis IIO protocols, industry

initiatives will continue to focus on

limitedone-up/one-down information

sharing. GS1s Discovery Services

has been grayed outfor years and, evenwhen implemented, is not designed for

use by consumers.

Whole chain Traceability GS1 Architecture Framework
http://www.gs1.org/gsmp/kc/epcglobalhttp://www.gs1.org/gsmp/kc/epcglobal


14/18

Beyond GS1s Rapid Recall Exchange

GS1s Rapid Recall Exchange designed

to connect retailers and distributors,

but not to connect to consumers.

Whole chain Traceability

Distribution

Center

Manufac

-turer

Processor

Distributor

CTID05

CTID07

CTID04

CTID06

CTID08

CTID09

CTID10

Retail

Retail

CTID11

CTID12

CTID13

CTID14

Supply/Demand ChainCoverage of RRE
http://www.rapidrecallexchange.org/http://www.rapidrecallexchange.org/


15/18

RecapOSI Model

Layers

Data

Model

Layers

Function

7. Application

Interface User interaction

Object Immutable

objects

Syntax Serialization (Ex.,

XML schema)

6. Presentation

INFORMATIONAL OBJECT IDENTIFICATION

IMMUTABLE INFORMATIONAL OBJECT

DATA ELEMENT 1

DATA ELEMENT 2



METADATA 202

221

222

200

.

...

201

211

212

Pardalis IIO protocols make possible a value chain of two-way sharing

that makes information more available, trustworthy, and traceable.

Two-way Information

more Interoperable


16/18

Patent Prosecution

Highly successful prosecution of patents issued or pending inAustralia, Brazil, Canada, China, Europe, Hong Kong, India,Japan, Mexico, New Zealand and the United States.

See next slide ..

Continuation patent process continues in the United States.

U.S. 696 parent patent filed in August, 2001.

Pardalis patents distinguished worldwide from object-oriented, runtime efficiency patents held by these leaders inback-end, enterprise application: IBM, Microsoft, SAP and

Siemens. Further Distinguished from a seminal Xerox patent. Patent prosecution is handled by the internationally

renowned Washington D.C. law firm ofPatton Boggs.
http://www.pattonboggs.com/http://www.pattonboggs.com/http://www.pattonboggs.com/


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Bibliography(unless earlier cited)

A Graphical Representation of the Internet- http://www.lspd.com/internet.htm

A Layered Approach to Information Modeling and Interoperability on the Web - Sergey Melnik, Stefan Decker, DatabaseGroup, Stanford University - Revision: Sep 4, 2000 - http://infolab.stanford.edu/~melnik/pub/sw00/

A New Way to look at Networking - Van Jacobson - August 30, 2006 - http://www.stumbleupon.com/su/1DJmHr (Thebiggest thing is you want all of your *named+ content to be immutable.)

IFT/FDA Traceability (Product Tracing) in Food Systems by Institute of Food Technologists on October 28, 2009 (See inparticular the text and graphics of Appendix I. Critical Tracking Identifier, pp. 155 - 159)

OSI Model - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_model

Personal Data: The Emergence of a New Asset Class - An Initiative of the World Economic Forum - January, 2011. ("Personaldata digital data created by and about people represents a new economic asset class, touching all aspects of society.The abundance of personal data represents untapped opportunities for economic growth and social benefit; however, thebarriers restricting personal datas movement and protection need to be resolved. Granting individuals greater control overtheir data is necessary to create a balanced personal data ecosystem.")

Tim Christin, Senior Vice President, Acxiom Identity Solutions, speaking at the Kynetx Impact Conference, November, 2009(*G+iving individuals control over the data that is shared ... increases the quality of the data and opens up new businessmodels").

Why Not One Big Database? Ownership Principles for Database Design by Marshall Van Alstyne, Erik Brynjolfsson and Stuart

Madnick) Copyright 1993, 1994 Van Alstyne, Brynjolfsson, and Madnick, All Rights Reserved (The fundamental point ofthis research is that ownership matters. Any group that provides data to other parts of an organization requirescompensation for being the source of that data. When it is impossible to provide an explicit contract that rewards those whocreate and maintain data, "ownership" will be the best way to provide incentives. Otherwise, and despite the best availabletechnology, an organization has not chosen its best incentives and the subtle intangible costs of low effort will appear asdistorted, missing, or unusable data . *emphasis added+)
http://www.lspd.com/internet.htmhttp://infolab.stanford.edu/~melnik/pub/sw00/http://www.stumbleupon.com/su/1DJmHrhttp://www.ift.org/knowledge-center/focus-areas/food-safety-and-defense/~/media/Knowledge%20Center/Focus%20Areas/Traceability/IFT223042503TO6v1technical103009.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_modelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_modelhttp://www.ift.org/knowledge-center/focus-areas/food-safety-and-defense/~/media/Knowledge%20Center/Focus%20Areas/Traceability/IFT223042503TO6v1technical103009.pdfhttp://www.stumbleupon.com/su/1DJmHrhttp://infolab.stanford.edu/~melnik/pub/sw00/http://www.lspd.com/internet.htm

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