A multi-agency partnership jointly chaired by Avon & Somerset Police

and Unseen

Level 1 Training

Learning Outcomes:- A basic understanding and awareness of

modern slavery- What to look out for- How you can support a potential victim- Resources available

What is Modern Slavery? The Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 states:

“No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.”

Someone is in slavery if they are:

• forced to work - through mental or physical threat• owned or controlled by an 'employer', usually through mental or

physical abuse or the threat of abuse• dehumanised, treated as a commodity or bought and sold as

'property'• physically constrained or has restrictions placed on his/her freedom of

movement

What is Human Trafficking?

Trafficking is the movement of people by means such as force,

fraud, coercion or deception with the aim of exploiting them

It is a form of Modern Slavery

Types of Slavery & TraffickingFORCED LABOUR: Victims are forced to work against their will, often working very long hours for little or no pay in dire conditions under verbal or physical threats of violence.

DEBT BONDAGE: Victims are forced to work to pay off debts that realistically they never will be able to.

SEXUAL EXPLOITATION: Victims are forced to perform non-consensual or abusive sexual acts against their will, such as prostitution, escort work and pornography. Adults are coerced often under the threat of force, or another penalty.

CRIMINAL EXPLOITATION: Often controlled and maltreated, victims are forced into crimes such as cannabis cultivation or pick pocketing against their will.

DOMESTIC SERVITUDE: Victims are forced to carry out housework and domestic chores in private households with little or no pay, restricted movement, very limited or no free time and minimal privacy often sleeping where they work.

Who is affected?• Slavery takes various forms and affects people of all

ages, gender and races• Slavery can include victims that have been brought

from overseas, and vulnerable people in the UK• Slavery is an international crime, affecting between

21 - 36 million people around the world• In 2014 the UK National Referral Mechanism (NRM)

received 2,340 referrals of potential victims of trafficking; this was a 34% increase on 2013 referral totals.*

*UK National Referral Mechanism Statistics 2014

The Modern Slavery Act• First of its kind in Europe, and one of the first in the

world, to specifically address slavery and trafficking• Enhances support and protection for victims• Statutory defence for victims so that they are not

inappropriately criminalised• Ensures perpetrators can be severely punished

(increase in maximum sentences) • Provision to encourage businesses to ensure their

supply chains are slavery free• UK’s first ever Independent Anti-slavery

Commissioner

Most Common Countries of Origin Albania

Nigeria Vietnam

Romania UK

Poland Hungary

China Lithuania

Latvia

Where are trafficked people found?

FarmsTraveller Sites

A&ENail Bars

Massage Parlours/private residencesCannabis Factories

Car WashesLocal Neighbourhoods & Residences

Factories Takeaways/Restaurants

At the airportHomeless SheltersConstruction Sites

Case Studies

• Hung - Cannabis farming• Sara – Domestic servitude• Mirela – Sexual exploitation • Mike – Forced Labour• Liubo and Biatka – Debt Bondage

Victim Identification

• Physical Appearance• Isolation• Poor living conditions• Few or no personal effects• Restricted freedom of movement• Unusual travel times• Reluctance to seek help

Adult Referral Pathway

The National Referral Mechanism (NRM)

• The National Referral Mechanism (NRM) is a framework for identifying victims of human trafficking and ensuring they receive the appropriate protection and support

• Referral via a first responder agency• The NRM grants a minimum 45-day reflection and recovery

period for victims of human trafficking• Victims receive:

Temporary safe accommodationMedical treatmentHelp to cope with experienceInterpretersHelp finding independent legal advice

What To Do

• Use and embed the Referral Pathways• If the person is at immediate risk call 999• Call Salvation Army 24/7 accommodation and

immediate advice helpline – 0300 303 8151• Email any suspicions/concerns to

info@aspartnership.org.uk - this will be shared with the most appropriate law enforcement agency to follow up

Resources • ASP posters and leaflets • https

://www.gov.uk/government/publications/support-for-victims-of-human-trafficking - Albanian, Chinese, Czech, English, French, Lithuanian, Luganda, Polish, Romanian, Slovak, Thai, Vietnamese and Yoruba

• http://www.salvationarmy.org.uk/human-trafficking