A movement 4 Nov 5, 2012 – Day 28 Introduction to Syntax ANTH 3590/7590 Harry Howard Tulane...
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Transcript of A movement 4 Nov 5, 2012 – Day 28 Introduction to Syntax ANTH 3590/7590 Harry Howard Tulane...
A movement 4Nov 5, 2012 – Day 28Introduction to Syntax
ANTH 3590/7590
Harry Howard
Tulane University
Course management
http://www.tulane.edu/~howard/ANTH3590/ We need to spend our $150 from the
Provost’s Undergraduate Activities Fund.
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Control vs. raising predicatesNote that control is ‘normal’
Don’t these two sentences look similar?72b) He does want to scare them. 72a) He does seem to scare them.
Four ways in which they are different.1.Expletive there subjects:
84b) *There wanted to remain several unsolved mysteries. 84b) There seem to remain several unsolved mysteries. cf other examples (54-7) p. 223
2.Subject idioms:85a) ??Whenever they meet, all hell wants to break loose. 85a) Whenever they meet, all hell seems to break loose.
3.Synonymy under long-distance passivization:87b) Mary wants to be helped by John.87a) ≉ John wants to help Mary.86b) Mary seems to have been helped by John.86a) ≈ John seems to have helped Mary.
4.Restrictions on subject:88) My {cat/!gesture} wants to be appreciated. 89) My {cat/gesture} seems to be appreciated.
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Summary of the differencesNote that control is ‘normal’
Control (want, be keen)
Raising (seem, be likely)
Expletive there subject
* ok
Subject idiom * ok
Synonymy under long-distance passivization
* ok
Restrictions on subject
yes no
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EXPLANATION
A control predicate like want assigns EXPERIENCER to its specifier/external argument and THEME to its complement/internal argument. If clausal, the complement is CP.
A raising predicate like seem assigns no theta role to its specifier/external argument and takes a TP complement/internal argument.
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TP
T’
V'
Tto
Control verb want (78)
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Vscare
PRNthem
V assigns THEME to its complement
PRNhe
-----
CP
TPCø
T’
V'
Tdoes
Vwant
PRNPRO
-----
VP
PRNPRO
V assigns AGENT to its specifier
CP
Cø
V assigns THEME to its CP complement
VP
V assigns EXPERIENCER to its specifier
PRNhe
PRNhe
TP
T’
V'
Tto
Raising verb seem (73)
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Vscare
PRNthem
V assigns THEME to its complement
PRNhe
-----
CP
TPCø
T’
VPTdoes
Vseem
PRNhe
-----
VPV assigns AGENT to its
specifier
V assigns THEME to its TP complement?
EX. 6.1: RAISING VS. CONTROL VERBS
1. tend to2. decide to3. come to4. have to5. fail to6. try to7. refuse to8. begin to9. attempt to10. happen to
1. raising2. control3. raising4. raising5. raising6. control7. control8. raising9. control10. raising
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EX. 6.1: RAISING VS. CONTROL VERBS
11. going to12. bound to13. looks to14. needs to15. manage to16. intend to17. threaten to18. hope to19. choose to20. plan to
11. raising12. raising13. raising?14. control, raising?15. control, raising?16. control17. control, raising?18. control19. control20. control
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