A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis...
-
Upload
ami-curtis -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
0
Transcript of A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis...
![Page 1: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength
and Ejection forces
Dennis Hammond
Apex Advanced Technologies
Cleveland, OH
![Page 2: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Green Strength Problems• Cracks from ejection
• Chipping
• Handling system damage
• Defects post sintering
• Powders that do not hold together during compaction
• Inverse relationship with green density
2
![Page 3: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Mechanism of Green Strength
• Powder variables-geometric, intrinsic and surface related
• Inter-particle locking
• Weakest link-lubricant ,oxides
3
![Page 4: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
New Lubricant SystemEnhancer ST
• Modified polymer, surface treated with a lubricant
• Lubricant portion allows for slippage- metal particle to metal particle
• Polymer portion deforms with shear
• Polymer simulates metal particle interlock
• Energy needed to deform 120 F( 49C ) to180 F (82 C) ideal part temperature
4
![Page 5: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Stainless Steel • Stainless powder is inherently on the low
side of ideal for green strength
• Stainless re-mill difficult to press
• Stainless gas atomized powder not considered press able due to low green strength
• Low density applications are not readily pressable due to low green strength
5
![Page 6: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
![Page 7: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Non-Press able Stainless Applications
• 316L, 5.5g/cc, special particle size, 1330 PSI, 1% Enhancer ST, in production
• 316L 100% re-mill, non-pressable 1% Enhancer ST, in production
• 316L gas atomized powder D-50, 40Micron, 50 TSI, 859 PSI green strength, 6.68g/cc, 2% Enhancer ST
8
![Page 9: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Iron Parts
• Low density- low green strength, cracks, chips, handling defects etc
• Rising cost of sponge verses water atomized
• Re-mill low green strength
• Off grade powder –inherently low green strength
![Page 10: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
![Page 11: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
![Page 12: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
![Page 13: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
![Page 14: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
![Page 15: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
![Page 16: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
![Page 17: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
![Page 18: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
![Page 19: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
![Page 20: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Non traditional Metals
• Product acts as binder
• Titanium CP, Titanium 6-4, Titanium Carbide, Zinc, Tungsten /Iron
![Page 21: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Conclusions
• Stainless Steel P/M parts made with this product can be made having significantly higher green strength with better ejection
• Non typical Stainless applications can be pressed into parts-low density, gas atomized,100% re-mill
• Low density water atomized iron parts can be made with green strength adequate for processing
![Page 22: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Conclusion cont.
• Water atomized can be substituted for sponge in some applications and can have adequate green strength, with better ejection and lower compressibility than sponge
• Copper base metal powder can have excellent green strength and lower ejection
• Non traditional powders can be processed
![Page 23: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Conclusion cont.
• Zinc Stearate can be eliminated by using this product with better compressibility, lower ejection, and higher green strength without environmental issues
• A.D is not as good with this product as Zinc Stearate, more comparable to Acrawax. Flow is typically as good or better than either product
![Page 24: A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032607/56649ed05503460f94bdede6/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Conclusions Cont.
• A.D. can be improved with the co-addition of Zinc Stearate or Lithium Stearate 75-90% Enhancer ST 25-10% Zinc or Lithium Stearate
• Some loss of green strength with these additions, proportional to use E.G 10% ZnSt, 6 % decrease in G.S