A LOW COST BIPV APPROACH FOR MASS MARKET...ROOF POTENTIAL VS. ACTIVITY CONSUMPTION A low cost BIPV...
Transcript of A LOW COST BIPV APPROACH FOR MASS MARKET...ROOF POTENTIAL VS. ACTIVITY CONSUMPTION A low cost BIPV...
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A LOW COST BIPV APPROACH FOR MASS MARKETValérick CASSAGNE – TOTAL - New Energies
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100 000World yearly market (MWp)
World PV Market
Green, humanist,
exploratory era
Financial opportunistic era
Energy era
PV MARKET PERIODS AND EVOLUTION
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From 50’s space application
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PHOTOVOLTAIC IN/ON BUILDINGS
BxPV
Agriculture
Residential collective
CommercialWarehouse
Residential individualIndustry
Public building
Sources: Sunpower, Tenesol
Offices
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BIPV DEFINITION
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●BAPV : Building Added PhotoVoltaic over imposed
●BIPV : Building Integrated PhotoVoltaic 2 functions : energy generation + construction functionality
PV integrated in the construction project
BIP2V : Building Integrated Project PhotoVoltaic
BIP2V – COUNTER EXAMPLE
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Green Office Rueil (France)Bouygues Immobilieroffice building, 6 floors, 52 kWh/m2
2000m2 floors, 600 kWp PV + cogen104% consumption covered
PROJECT INTEGRATION
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●Project management●Design●Construction
BIP2V is economically motivated
• Costs• Performances
LCOE
LCOE: Levelized Cost of Electricity
PERFORMANCES
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ROOF POTENTIAL VS. ACTIVITY CONSUMPTION
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Consumption kWh/m2/yrData Center 3000-7000Industry 100-1000Supermarket 400-800Cold Warehouse 200-400Office* 60-300Hospital* 80-100Residential* 30-100School * 25-35Sport hall 15-35Farm 1-100Warehouse 3-30* multi-floors
0 1000 kWh/m2/yr500 kWh/m2/yr
PV production kWh/m2/yrGermany 100-230France 130-315Italy - Spain 160-360
250 kWh/m2/yr
Sources: Total, Ademe
CONSUMPTION OPTIMIZATION
74 kWp PV + 383 kWh battery
65 kWp PV + 266 kWh battery
Source: Total, Sunhive
-20% CAPEX
Service station in Nigeria
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Energy Efficiency
ORIENTATION
Roof first
European location
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COSTS
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PROJECT INTEGRATION
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Costs savings
●Co-engineering- Performances optimization- Sizing optimization- Standard elements- Simplified installation design
●Co-construction- Material functionality saving- Construction sharing
SIZING PV OPTIMIZATION
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●Sizing criteria- Surface- Power- Costs- Architecture- Communication- Regulation- Economy
Customer objectives• Internal Return Rate (IRR)• Net Present Value (NPV)• Payback time (PBT)• …
SELFCONSUMPTION SCHEME
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) Saturday Winter 01/11‐20/03Sunday Winter 01/11‐20/03Weekday Winter 01/11‐20/03Saturday Summer 15/05‐14/09Sunday Summer 15/05‐14/09Weekday Summer 15/05‐14/09Saturday Interseason 21/03‐14/05 and 15/09‐31/10Sunday Interseason 21/03‐14/05 and 15/09‐31/10Weekday Interseason 21/03‐14/05 and 15/09‐31/10
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ECONOMY VS SIZE
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Examples:• commercial building 1 floor 3000 m2 600 kWh/m2
• office building 6 floors x 500 m2 100 kWh/m2
Based in Munich Germany
EX: PV TERTIARY BUILDING
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SouthOptimizedangle East-West5-10°
290 kWp290 kWp
PV module efficiency: 20%
17% energy
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27% energy
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East-West5-10°
RIGHT EXAMPLE
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Source: Wilmotte & Associés
Green Office Rueil (France)Bouygues Immobilieroffice building, 6 floors, 22 kWh/m2
35 000m2 floors, 2700 m2 PV100% consumption covered
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Orientation
Easy cabling
Not equipment shadow
Energy efficiency
Construction equipment sharing
Structure adaptation
Optimized sizing
Integrated financing
Dedicated roof surface
Standard PV modules
Roof first
Construction coordination
Over structure
CONCLUSION
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BIP2V●Strong integration of PV in the building project:
design, construction
●Performances: energy generation●Costs
- Co-design: sizing, performances, easy installation- Co-construction: coordination, costs sharing- Finances IRR > 10%
PBT < 10 yearsNPV0 ~4000€/m2
Consump coverage > 25%
BACK-UP
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IN A NUTSHELL
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● Revenue : 189.5 B€● Net income : 10.7 B€● Organic investment 21.3 B€● R&D : 7.1 B$ over 4 years● Operating in 130 countries● 98 800 employees
● 5th ranked international oil and gas company
● Active in photovoltaics since 1983
58%
● Revenue : 2.5 B$● Net income : 41.7 M€● 1 GW/yr capacity● 5 000 employees
● 22.8% modules efficiency
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Economics
OPTIMIZATION
Expenses• Initial investment: PV system (modules, BOS, installation, engineering, administration and margins)• Replacement of inverters• Maintenance cost• Taxes• Inflation• Interest on loans or negative treasury
Incomes• Feed-in-Tariff• Self-consumption/net metering : savings• Tax credit• Tax delays
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Building. 30 000m 2 65 kWh/m 2/yr Paris area. Roof coverage 80% PV
Module multi ‐Si Std 15%
Module HJ Si 18%
Module adv. Si 21%
ROOF UTILISATION
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ROOF UTILISATION
+6%
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+1 m = +6% surf.
Overlap
Other surfaces: facade, sun shade, shades
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Energy need coverage ‐ Roof coverage ratioBuilding. 30 000m2 R+6 65 kWhpe/m2/yr Paris area
Module multi‐Si Std 15%
Module HJ Si 18%
Module adv. Si 21%
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