A leading global CRO Systematically Reordering Axis in SAS Graph Brian Shen Web: .

A leading global CRO

Systematically Reordering Axis in SAS

Graph

Brian ShenWeb: www.ppdi.com


SAS default ordering for Major axis tick values is sometimes not desirable for procedures like GPLOT, GCHART, etc., as examples provided.

Reordering the major axis values often takes significant amount of time for programmers, especially for generating big number of graphs for different parameters, or for data changing on daily basis, like marketing data.

Introduction


SAS Default: Too Many (18) Tick Numbers

-170000-160000-150000-140000-130000-120000-110000-100000-90000-80000-70000-60000-50000-40000-30000-20000-10000

0

DEFAULT-SAS


SAS Default: Font Size Change causes order changed

-180000

-160000

-140000

-120000

-100000

-80000

-60000

-40000

-20000

0

DEFAULT-SAS

GPLOT:

MIN = - 168000

MAX = - 2


SAS Default: Tick values look strange

-1.76E-07

-1.26E-07

-7.60E-08

-2.60E-08

2.40E-08

7.40E-08

1.24E-07

1.74E-07

2.24E-07

2.74E-07

DEFAULT-SAS

GPLOT:

MIN = -1.36E-7

MAX = 2.68E-7


SAS Default: Only non-negative order was generated for Data with negative values

0

10000

20000

30000

DEFAULT-SAS

GPLOT:

MIN = -0.002

MAX = 20000


SAS Default: Plot shrinks into a line if “label =none” AXIS option is specified

777

DEFAULT-SAS

GPLOT:

MIN = 777

MAX = 777


SAS Default: No plot generated for missing data

WARNING: ALL VALUES MISSING or out of range for ( y * x ). Check to see if VAXIS= or HAXIS= list is incorrect.


MATHEMATICAL LOGICS TO RECALCULATE AXIS ORDERING

To resolve the issues mentioned above, new mathematical logics are presented to calculate axis order, using SAS macro languages (%ORDER). Seven major steps are included for the new ordering mechanisms. For more details, please refer to the macro.


For Example:Min = - 301, Max = 401 Range = 702;Min = -0.001, Max = 0.0001 Range = 0.0011;

Special case for range equal to 0:If Min = Max = 0, reset Min = - 0.5, Max = 0.5;If Min = Max and not equal to 0, extend Min/Max to half of their

absolute value on both direction. For example, if Min=Max=50, Reset Min = 25, Max =75.

STEP 1: Get the data RANGE either from the dataset variable or by user defined MIN or MAX.


For Example:

702/10 = 70.2 RESULT1 = 70;

0.0011/10 = 0.00011 RESULT1 = 0.00011;

STEP 2: Divide range by 10 to get interim result, called RESULT1, if RESULT1 > 1, round it to single digit.


For Example:

70 / 10 = 7 RESULT2 = 7, DIVIDER = 10;0.00011 / 0.0001 = 1.1 RESULT2 = 1.1, DIVIDER = 0.0001;

STEP 3: Divide RESULT1 by a DIVIDER to make the new result, called RESULT2, in a range between 0 to 10, and DIVIDER [10n, n=must be integers], which must be exponents with base 10, like …, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100, …, etc.


For Example:

RESULT2 = 7 STEP1 = 10

RESULT2 = 1.1 STEP1 = 2.5

STEP 4: Get the initial step, called STEP1, based on the following logics:

If . < RESULT2 < =2.5, STEP1 = 2.5; If 2.5 < RESULT2 < =6.2, STEP1 = 5; If 6.2 < RESULT2 < 10, STEP1 = 10;


For Example:

Step1 =10, divider= 10 STEP = 10 * 10 * 2 = 200;

Step1 =2.5, divider= 0.0001 STEP = 2.5 * 0.0001 * 2 = 0.0005

STEP 5: Get the STEP for axis order by multiplying STEP1 by DIVIDER by 2, i.e., STEP = STEP1*DIVIDER*2. :


For Example:

Min = - 301, Max = 401 ORDER= -400 TO 600 by 200

Min = 0.001, Max = 0.0001 ORDER = -0.0010 to 0.0005 by 0.0005

STEP 6: Get the LOW and HIGH value for ORDER using the following formula: LOW = Floor(MIN/STEP)*STEP HIGH = Ceil(MAX/STEP)*STEP ORDER = LOW to HIGH by STEP


STEP 7: If both Min and Max are non-negative or non-positive, the LOW and HIGH must both be non-negative or non-positive [Except for Min = Max = 0].

If Min and Max are in different signs, LOW and HIGH must also be in different signs.


%order(Dsn = sashelp.cars,var = mpg_city, max = 50.7 ,order_name = y_order,valuelist_name = y_tickvaluelist)

This call will use Min of MPG_CITY from dataset SASHELP.CARS and max = 50.7 to calculate axis order.

%order( var = -0.7, max = 50.7);

This call will use Min of -0.7 and max = 50.7 to calculate axis order.

Sample Calls


This is for GPLOT/GCHART/SGPLOT, etc.

Y_ORDER: =10 to 60 by 10

Those three are designed for GTL

Y_TICKVALUELIST: 10 20 30 40 50 60

VIEWMIN: 10

VIEWMAX: 60

Macro Variables Generated for AXIS ordering


For GPLOT, etc:

AXIS1 Label = none order = (&y_order.) offset=(0, 3)pct;

For GTL:

yaxisopts=( linearopts =(viewmin = &viewmin viewmax=&viewmax tickvaluelist= (&y_tickvaluelist.)));

Apply results for your graph programming:


Min | MaxGPLOT DEFAULT (Tick

Numbers)GTL DEFAULT (Tick

Numbers)%ORDER (Tick Numbers)

Missing | MissingWARNING: ALL VALUES MISSING or out of range. No plot will be Generated

WARNING: Y=Y is invalid. The option expects at least one non-missing value in the column. Graph is Generated with empty AXIS

WARNING: ALL VALUES MISSING or out of range. Graph will be Generated with AXIS = 999 to 9999 by 9000. Can make revision to be consistent with GTL

0 | 0

0 to 0 by 0 (1)plot shrinks into a line Label =

none is specified in AXIS statement

0 to 0 by 0 (1) -1 to 1 by 0.5 (5)

1 | 4 1 to 4 by 1 (4) 1 to 4 by 0.5 (7) 1 to 4 by 1 (4)

1.1 | 6 1 to 6 by 1 (6) 1 to 6 by 1 (6) 1 to 6 by 1 (6)

100 | 635 100 to 700 by 100 (7) 100 to 700 by 100 (7) 100 to 700 by 100 (7)

777 | 777 777 to 777 by 0 (1), 777 to 777 by 0 (1) 200 to 1200 by 200 (6)

-0.002 | 20000 0 to 30000 by 10000 (4) 0 to 20000 by 5000 (5) -5000 to 20000 by 5000 (6)

-1.36E-7 | 2.68E-7-1.76E-7 to 2.74E-7 by 0.5E-7

(10)-2E-7 to 3E-7 by 1E-7 (6) -2E-7 to 3E-7 by 1E-7 (6)

-168000 | -2 -170000 to 0 by 10000 (18) -200000 to 0 by 50000 (5) -200000 to 0 by 50000 (5)

Compared Result with SAS Default


-170000-160000-150000-140000-130000-120000-110000-100000-90000-80000-70000-60000-50000-40000-30000-20000-10000

0

DEFAULT-SAS REDEFINED-200000

-150000

-100000

-50000

0



-1.76E-07

-1.26E-07

-7.60E-08

-2.60E-08

2.40E-08

7.40E-08

1.24E-07

1.74E-07

2.24E-07

2.74E-07

DEFAULT-SAS REDEFINED-2.00E-07

-1.00E-07

0.00E+00

1.00E-07

2.00E-07

3.00E-07

GPLOT:

MIN = -1.36E-7

MAX = 2.68E-7



Conclusion

This macro significantly enhance SAS axis ordering mechanism, especially for procedures like GPLOT, GCHART. In generally cases, it will generate axis order better than SAS default for procedures like GPLOT/GCHART, and comparable or better than axis ordering mechanism in SAS9.3 STAT graph package and SAS9.3 GTL graph package.

A leading global CRO Systematically Reordering Axis in SAS Graph Brian Shen Web: .

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