A guide to food and fluid choices for a low POTASSIUM ...
Transcript of A guide to food and fluid choices for a low POTASSIUM ...
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POTASSIUM–
Kaiser Permanente Kidney Clinic Englewood, Colorado
202-788-1255
A guide to food and fluid choices for a low
potassium diet.
Low Potassium Diet
INDEX
General information…………...2
Seasonings for your Food…...2
Tips to Control Potassium…...3
Protein Choices………..………….3
Fruit Choices……….………...…...4
Vegetables Choices……………...5
Tips for Leaching Potassium
from Vegetables…………………...5
Diary & Cheese…………………….6
Starch, Breads & Cereals……...7
Fluid Choices……………………….8
Sample meal plan………………...8
Resources.…………………………...9
Potassium Normal blood levels for potassium are 3.5- 5.0 My current level= __________ Date: ________
• Potassium is an essential mineral and often called an Electro-
lyte. It Keeps your heart beating and helps your muscles and
nerves work properly. Potassium allows your kidneys to filter
blood properly.
• With Chronic Kidney Disease, a low potassium diet may not be
necessary. It depends on your stage of kidney disease, what
medications you are taking and your current blood potassium
levels.
• A potassium restricted diet is typically about 2000 milligrams
per day. Your physician or dietitian will advise you as to the spe-
cific level of restriction you need based on your individual
health.
DO NOT Use Salt Substitutes It is recommended that you DO NOT use Salt substitutes because
they contain potassium chloride.
Common Salt Substitutes with potassium-
• Nu Salt ®
• Morton’s Lite Salt ®
• No Salt ®
You may use salt free seasonings
Common seasonings that you may use-
• Fresh or dried herbs and spices
• Kirkland® Organic salt free seasoning
• Trader Joe’s 21 Seasoning Salute®
• DASH® seasonings and marinades
• Powdered onion or powdered garlic
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Tips for Controlling
Potassium
• Check portion sizes closely. For ex-ample, a serving of dried raisins is 2 tablespoons vs. fresh grapes, which is 1/2 cup.
• Drain and discard liquids in canned fruits and vegetables.
• Read the nutrition facts panel for amount of potassium per servings if available.
• Look out for label claims. “Low salt” or “low sodium” foods often have added potassium.
• Check ingredients for these sources of potassium, often found in meats and proteins. For example:
Potassium chloride , potassium sorbate , tetra-potassium phosphate
Using Legumes
Most legumes contain ~200-300mg
of potassium in 1/2 cup.
Canned, rinsed and drained is best.
Garbanzo beans are the lowest.
Using Nuts
Nuts are a high potassium food. Do
not eat more than 1/4 cup per
day.
Protein Choices
These values represent a 3-ounce cooked portion
providing less than 300mg of potassium
**Beef, pot roast
Beef, sirloin steak
**Chicken breast, skinless
**Chicken thigh meat, skinless
Hamburger patty, 90% lean
Lamb Chop
Pork Roast
Turkey breast meat, skinless
**Turkey thigh meat, skinless
**Cod, Atlantic
Salmon, Atlantic, farmed
Sea Bass
Tilapia
**Tuna, white, canned, water
packed & drained
**King Crab
Lobster
**Oysters, Eastern, farmed
**Shrimp
** Denotes ~200mg or less
potassium
Cooking meats and proteins in fluid and
draining the fluid can further reduce the
amount of potassium in a food.
Low Potassium Diet 3
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Medium Content 150mg-
300mg per serving size
Cherries– 12
Grapefruit– 1/2
Kumquats– 5
Mango or Papaya – 1/2 cup**
Nectarine– 1 med
Orange Juice– 1/2 cup
Orange– 1 med
Pomegranate– 1/2 cup arils
** Denotes under 200mg choice
Fruit Low (5-150mg per serving size) **under 70mg
Low Potassium Diet
All canned fruit is drained and rinsed
Apple—1 small
Applesauce, unsweetened— 1/2 cup
Apricots, canned– 1/3 cup
Black, Boysen berries— 1/2 cup
Blueberries– 1 cup
Canned Pear, Peaches, Fruit Cocktail– 1/2 cup
Cranberries, dried or sauce**- 1/2 cup
Lychee fruit– 9
Canned Mandarin Oranges– 1/2 cup
Grapes– 16
Mandarin Orange (Cuties)- 2 small
Pineapple canned or fresh—1/2 cup
Plum– 1
Raspberries or Strawberries—1/2 cup
Tangerine—1 medium
Watermelon, diced—1 cup
Juices– Apple, Grape, Guava Nectar**
Lemon or Lime, Pineapple—1/2 cup
Cranberry Juice Cocktail **
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Very High Potassium fruits and
vegetables:
Use with caution. These are great-
er than 350-400mg potassium per
serving:
Banana– 1 small
Cantaloupe, Casaba, Honeydew
Melon– 1 cup
Dried Fruit –1/4 cup
Plantain, ckd– 1/2 cup
Raw Guavas
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Tips for Leaching Potassium
Very high potassium vegetables
Use with caution.
These are greater than 400mg
per 1/2 cup cooked:
Vegetables
All canned vegetables are
drained and rinsed
1/2 cup portion
Alfalfa sprouts**
Asparagus
Bamboo shoots canned**
Bean sprouts**
Broccoli or Brussel Sprouts
Cabbage
Carrots
Cauliflower**
Celery
Corn or Chayote
Cucumber**
Eggplant ckd**
Garbanzo Beans canned
Green or wax beans**
Greens: Collard, Kale, Mustard or
Turnip
Jalapeno Pepper or Jicama **
Kale
Leeks **
Lettuce, all types
Mushrooms, raw or canned only
Nopales
Okra or Onion
Peas: green, sugar snap or snow
peas
Peppers: green, red or yellow
Radish
Rhubarb
Rutabaga
Spinach raw only
Spaghetti squash
Any fresh tomato or Juice or
Tomatillo
Turnip
Yellow , Zucchini squash
Water chestnuts canned
** denotes less than 100mg per
1/2 cup, all else are ~125-280mg
per 1/2 cup.
Low Potassium Diet
Artichoke
Avocado
Cooked Dried
Beans
Beet Greens
Parsnips
Potatoes
Ckd Spinach
Winter Squash
(Acorn, Butter-
nut, Pumpkin)
Swiss Chard
Yam
This process can pull some of the
potassium from vegetables.
(For Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes, Carrots,
Beets, Winter Squash, and Rutabagas)
1. Peel and Slice vegetable 1/8 inch
thick or make small cubes.
2. Place the vegetable in cold water so
they won’t darken.
3. Rinse in warm water for a few sec-
onds.
4. Soak for a minimum of two hours in
warm water. Use ten times the amount
of water to the amount of vegetables. If
soaking longer, change the water every
four hours.
5. Rinse under warm water again for a
few seconds.
6. Cook vegetable with five times the
amount of water to the amount of veg-
etable.
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Low Potassium Diet
ENIM IRIURE ACCUMSAN EPULAE.
MOLIOR VICIS FEUGIAT.
Technology at work for you Dairy and Cheese
These products contain more potassium
Watch portion sizes carefully
These servings have ~200mg potassium in the
serving indicated.
Be cautious with eating or drinking in excess
Low-fat 1% or 2% milk– 1/2 cup
Whole milk Plan yogurt– 1/2 cup
Buttermilk, low fat cultured– 1/2 cup
Soy Silk® soy milk– 1/2 cup
Almond Breeze Original® - 1 cup
Canned Coconut Milk– 1/3 cup
Very low sources:
Rice Milk, Classic Rice Dream®- 1 cup
These servings have less than 50mg potassium in the serving indi-
cated
Mozzarella cheese, part skim – 1 ounce
Low sodium Swiss Cheese- 1 ounce
Cream Cheese- 2 T.
Feta Cheese- 1 ounce
Neufchatel cheese- 1 ounce
Parmesan cheese- 1 ounce
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Low Potassium Diet
ENIM IRIURE ACCUMSAN EPULAE.
MOLIOR VICIS FEUGIAT.
QUADRUM QUIDEM NISL EA.
Starches, Breads and Cereals These items contain ~100mg or less potassium per
serving size indicated.
Bagel, plain 1 medium
Bread- Rye, white or whole wheat 1 slice
Cereal-Corn Flakes, Cream of Wheat 1 cup
Cookies- Vanilla Wafers 6 wafers
Crackers- Graham 3 squares
Crackers- Most 5 crackers
English Muffin- Plain 1 muffin
French Toast 1 slice
Muffin-Blueberry 2 ounces
Muffin- corn or plain 1 medium
Pasta- cooked 2 ounces
Pita Bread- white or whole wheat 1 large
Popcorn- light 3 cups
Pretzels 1 ounce
Quinoa Ckd 1/3 cup
Rice- Brown or White cooked 1/2 cup
Stuffing- cornbread 1/2 cup
Tortilla chips 1 ounce
Tortilla, corn or flour 1 medium
Corn or Rice Chex®, Corn Flakes, Corn Pops, 1 cup
Special K®, Cream of Rice or Grits 1 cup
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Low Potassium Diet
• You will likely be encour-aged to drink plenty of fluid depending on your stage of kidney disease. Be aware that not all fluids are free of potassium. Your best flu-id choice most of the time is water.
• Avoid excessive use of coffee, sports drinks and some beverages. Limit coffee to 8oz per day and limit tea to 16oz per day.
• Use True Citrus® Hydration Helpers to flavor your wa-ter. Be aware that not all flavor enhancers are free of potassium.
Read ingredient labels carefully. Avoid potassium
additives.
Low Potassium Fluid Choices
These choices are very low in potassium. Less than 20mg potassium per serving and less than 1mg phosphorus/ 12oz unless specified below)
Water
Diet Mug ® Root Beer
Crush ® Soda Regular Orange, Grape, Cherry & Diet Orange
Mellow Yellow ® Diet & Regular
Schweppes ® Diet and Regular Ginger Ale Tonic Water & Club Soda
Nestea ® Raspberry Regular
A&W ® Diet or Regular Cream Soda or Root Beer
8oz diet or regular Cranberry Juice
Tropicana ® Premium Watermelon
H2O! ® Sparkling Water beverage
Bubly ® Sparkling Water (all varieties)
Water is always your best fluid choice
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Notes-
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Low Potassium Sample Meal Plan
Breakfast
1 cup Corn Chex cereal 1 cup Classic Rice Dream
½ cup Blueberries
2oz. Blueberry muffin
1 tsp. salt free butter
8oz cup of Coffee
Lunch
2 slice whole grain bread
3oz water-packed tuna, drained
1 T. Mayonnaise
Sliced Bell pepper
Mini Pretzels- low sodium or unsalted
½ cup drained canned peaches
Dinner
3 oz baked Cod w/ lemon and dill weed
1 cup steamed rice
Boiled Asparagus
Green Salad, sliced cucumber & celery
Olive oil and vinegar dressing
Snack ideas-
6 vanilla wafers with 1/2 cup applesauce Celery Sticks with 2 T. Cream cheese
3 cups light popcorn sprinkled with 2 T. Parmesan cheese
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Renal Diet Plan and Cookbook: The Optimal Nutrition
Guide to Manage Kidney Disease– 2017
Susan Zogheib MHS RD LDN
Renal Diet Cookbook for the Newly Diagnosed: The
Complete Guide to Managing Kidney Disease and
Avoiding Dialysis—2017
Susan Zogheib MHS RD LDN
30-Minute Renal Diet Cookbook: Easy, Flavorful Recipes
for Every Stage of Kidney Disease– 2019
Aisling Whelan MS RDN CDN
National Kidney Foundation- www.kidney.org
Questions about kidney Disease? 855-NKF-CARES
(9am-5pm EST)
Resources-
Kidney Clinic—Kaiser Permanente Colorado 2955 S. Broadway Englewood, CO 80113
303-788-1288 ph 303-788-1260 fax Low Potassium Diet
Created April 2020 Centers for Healthy Living Kaiser Permanente Colorado
Low Potassium Diet
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