A Guide to Fire Alarm System Design BS 5839 Part 1：2002

7/22/2019 A Guide to Fire Alarm System Design BS 5839 Part 1 2002

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Fire Alarm Systems Design

BS5839Part1:2002incorporating Amendment No.2


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Legally you must comply!

What is the RRO?

Fire authorities no longer issue irecertiicates and those previouslyin orce will have no legal status.The Regulatory Reorm (Fire Saety)Order (RRO) replaces most ire saetylegislation with one new order. It

means that any person who has somelevel o control in premises must takesteps to reduce the risk rom ire,consider how to contain a ire shouldone break out and then also makesure people can saely escape i thereis a ire.

All fire alarm designs should bebasedonaFireRiskAssessment

AllFireRiskAssessmentsshouldbe carried out by a competentperson

FireRiskassessmentsmustbereviewed annually

What constitutes a Fire Risk

Assessment?Identifyingfirehazardssuchas

sources o ignition, uel or oxygen

Identifyingallpeopleatriskinand around the premises

Evaluatingtheriskofafirestartingor the risk to people rom a ire

Removingorreducingfirehazardsor risks to people rom a ire

Protectingpeoplebyproviding ire precautions

Recordinganymajorfindings

Preparinganemergencyplan

Informingandinstructingany relevant people

ProvidingtrainingforstaffandguestsReviewingthefirerisk

assessment regularly and makechanges where necessary

Keepingaccuratefireriskassessment records

The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order (RRO)became law on 1 October 2006

AllfirealarmdesignsshouldbebasedonaFireRiskAssessment

Where does the order apply?

Virtually all premises and nearly every type o building structure and open space.

I you would like to ind out more about how Apollo products can helpyou comply with the RRO please contact us on 023 9249 2412 or visit ourwebsite on www.apollo-fire.co.uk


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Property Protection Fire Systems

P1 AFDinstalledthroughoutallareas

P2 AFDinstalledonlyindefinedareas

Life Protection Fire Systems

L AFDdesignedtoprimarilyprotectHuman Lie

L1 AFDinstalledthroughoutallareas

L2 AFDinstalledindefinedareasinaddition to L3

L3 AFDinstalledinescaperoutesandrooms opening onto these routes

L4 AFDinstalledinescaperoutescomprising circulation areas andspaces such as corridors and stairways

L5 A non-prescriptive system in whichprotected area(s) and/or the locationo detectors is designed to satisy

aspecificfireriskobjective(otherthan that o L1 to L4)

M System design to be operatedmanually(noAFD)

*AFDAutomaticFireDetection

FireAlarmandDetectionsystemsare

categorised in the following way:

P1 P2

L1 L2L4 L3

This guide is intended to be an aid to designers and installers of firedetection systems. It is not to be used as a substitute for BS5839 whichshould be read in full. In order to help identify the relevant sections, eachdiagram includes a reference to BS5839 Part 1.

BS5839Section5


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BS5839

Section

13.

2.

3

BS5839

Section

22.

3

Opticalchamber

SMOKE DETECTOR

>600mmX


5/205

BS5839Sec

tion22.3

BS5839Section35.2.3

Thermistor

HEAT DETECTOR

>150mmX


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BS5839S

ection

22.

3

BS5839

Section

22.

3

SMOKE DETECTORS

7.5m

5.3m 10.6m

10.6m x 10.6m = 112m2

5.3m

3.8m 7.5m

7.5m x 7.5m = 56.3m2

HEAT DETECTORS

When mounted on a fat ceiling, smoke detection devices have an individualcoverage o 7.5m radius. However these radii must overlap to ensure there areno blind spots. Thereore individual coverage can be represented by a squaremeasuring 10.6x10.6m giving an actual area coverage o 112m2 per device.

When mounted on a fat ceiling, heat detection devices have an individual

coverage o 5.3m radius. However these radii must overlap to ensure there areno blind spots. Thereore individual coverage can be represented by a squaremeasuring 7.5x7.5m giving an actual area coverage o 56.3m2 per device.


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7

BS5839Sec

tion22.3

SMOKE DETECTOR

Apex >150mm Apex >600mm

HEAT DETECTORSMOKE DETECTOR

Apex


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BS5839S

ection

22.

3SMOKE DETECTORS

7.5m

15m

7.5m

15m

7.5m

2m

Incorridorslessthan2mwidethehorizontalspacingofdetectorsmaybeincreased, the areas o coverage need not overlap as in the case o a room.Any corridor over 2m wide is deemed a room and device spacing shouldollow the standard or rooms (see page 6).

Pleasenote,heatdetectorsarenot recommended or use in corridors thatare escape routes.


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BS5839Sec

tion22.3

BS5839Section22.3

1m

AIR VENT/

AIR CON

PARTITION


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BS5839S

ection

22.

3

BS5839

Section

22.

2

X

D250mm

(Max)

800mm

Nevermountdevicescloserthantwicethedepthoflightttingsorotherobstructions on the ceiling.

Voids less than 800mm in height need not have independent coverage,

unlessreorsmokeisabletospreadfromoneareatoanotherthroughthevoidorriskassessmentshowsAFD(AutomaticFireDetection)tobenecessary.


11/2011

BS5839Sec

tion22.2

BS5839Section22.2

1.5m

LIFT SHAFT LIFT SHAFTSIFT HAFTL IFT H FTL

1.5m

X

Vertical shats like lits and stairways should have a device mountedwithin 1.5m o any opening.

Enclosedstairwaysshouldhaveadetectoratthetopofthestairwayand

on each main landing.


12/2012

BS5839S

ection

20.

2

BS5839

Section

20.

2

45m MAX

A person should not have to travel more than 45m along an escape routetoreachaManualCallPoint(25mifdisabledpersontooperate,orrapidredevelopmentislikely).ManualCallPointsshouldbesitedatallstairwells and exits rom the building.

1.4m

(+/200mm)

The centre o the rangible element o the manual call point should be

positioned 1.4m (+/-200mm) rom foor level. (Unless a wheelchair userislikelytobetherstpersontoraisethealarm).


13/2013

BS5839Sec

tion16.2.1

BS5839Section1

6.2.1

65dB(A)

@ 500Hz to 1,000Hz

+5dB(A)

@ 500Hz to 1,000Hz

The minimum sound level should be 65dB(A) or 5dB(A) above abackground noise which is louder than 60dB(A) (i lasting more than30seconds)andatafrequencyofbetween500Hzand1000Hz.Themaximum sound level should not be greater than 120dB(A) at anynormally accessible point. May be reduced to 60dB(A) in stairways,enclosures up to 60m2andspecicpointsoflimitedextent.

Sounder device cabling should be arranged so that in the event o a aultatleastonesounderwillremainoperationalduringarecondition.


14/2014

BS5839

Section

16.2.1

BS5839

Section

16.

2.

1

75dB(A)

30dB(A)20dB(A)

FIREDOOR

For areas where people are sleeping, sounder devices should producea minimum 75dB(A) at the bed-head with all doors shut. In buildingsprovidingsleepingaccomodationforasignicantnumberofpeople,allbedrooms should have both audible and visual alarms.

Decibellossoccursthroughdoors:approximately20dB(A)througha

normaldoor,andapproximately30dB(A)througharedoor.Unlessasounderisinstalledinabedroom,itisunlikelythat75dB(A)willbeachieved.


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>2.1m

BS5839Sec

tion17

BS5839Section26.2

Visual alarms such as beacons should always be mounted at a minimumheight o 2.1m rom foor level.

2m

Unless MICC cable is used, all cabling should be mechanically protected

rom foor level up to a height o 2m. In relatively benign areas, such asshops,ofcesandsimilar,cablingcanbeclippedtorobustwallsetc.


16/2016

BS583

9

Section

26

BS5839

Section

12.2.2

Mains supply

EOL BUILT IN

Short circuit isolators limit the eect o one ault to 2000m2. 2 simultaneous

aults on a circuit should not disable protection within an area greaterthan 10,000m2.

Fireresistantcablingisnowrequiredwithinthewholerealarmsystemincludingthemainssupplycables.Theuseofnon-reresistingcableswhethermechanicallyprotectedbyre-resistingconstructionornot,willnolongercomplywithBS5839Part1.


17/2017

Installation Considerations and Key Points

Allmainssupplyisolatorsmustbedoublepoleandsuitablymarked.(25.2c&f)

Allcablestobefireresistingwithaminimumcross-sectionalareaof1mm.(26.2j)

Alljointstobefireresisting,junctionboxestobelabelledFIREALARM.(26.2)

Enhancedcabletobeusedwheremorethan4zonesofphasedevacuationrequired, or in multi storey systems. (un-sprinklered over 30m) or risk assessmentrequires enhanced cable. (26.2)

CableusingtrunkingasameansofcontainmentmustbeclippedusingfireresistantsupportsWITHINTHETRUNKING.(26.2)

FireAlarmcontrolpanel(s)areinstalledatalocationappropriateforstaffand

ire-ighters. (23.2)Callpointsarerequiredatallexitstotheopenair-whetherornottheexitsare

speciically designed to be ire exits. (20.2c)

COfiredetectorsshouldbespacedaspersmokedetectors,butcannotbeusedwithout smoke detectors on escape routes. (28.1.8)

Multisensors,ifusedascombinedtype/spaceassmokedetectors,ifusedasindividualtypesieheatintheday&smokeatnightthenspaceasperheat

detectors. (26.1.6)Linearheatdetectioncablespaceasheatdetectors.(22.3)

Unusualceilings:Cellularceiling,perforatedceilingsorceilingswithcloselyspacedbeamshavespecialspacing&installationrequirements,refertosection.(22.3&tables1&2)

Bells&Electronicsounderscannotbemixed(16.2.1c)

Soundlevelscanbereducedto60dB(A)instairs,smallcellularofficesor

enclosuresofnomorethanAPPROXIMATELY60sqmBedheadlevelsremains 75dB(A). (16.2.1)

Iftheambientbackgroundnoiselevelisover90dBvisualalarms(beacons)arerequired. (17.2a)

Disabledtoiletsshouldbefittedwithsoundersandbeacons.(18.1)

Aminimumofonesounderisrequiredineachfirecompartment.(16.2.1i)

Fulldocumentationrequired,testresultsasfitteddrawingsetc.(Section40)

Aninstallationcertificatewillberequired.(41.2)


18/2018

3 Installation and Handover Checklist

1 The system complies with the original speciication / design

2 Any changes to original speciication/design have been reerred to thesystem designer or approval

3 System has been installed to meet requirements o category L1, L2, L3, L4,

L5,P1,P2,M,other 4 Variations to the deined category have been identiied and the schedule o

variations agreed with the client

5 Cables meet requirements or standard/enhanced/mixed

6 Cables are segregated as required and suitably supported (no plastic clips,cable ties or trunking used as sole means o support)

7 Cables are mechanically protected as required.

8 Junction boxes are correctly labelled and identiied on drawings.

Connector blocks are ire resistant. 9 All cable insulation and continuity resistance measurements are logged

10 All cable penetrations are sleeved and ire stopped

11 Mains supply is dedicated, non-switched, correctly used and labelled

12 Mains supply is correctly identiied at all distribution boards

13 Standby battery veriication has been carried out or all power supplies

14 All batteries are clearly marked and labelled with date o installation

15 Field wiring is labelled and correctly terminated in all control and ancillary

equipment16 Isolators are itted as appropriate, operate correctly and are marked on

drawings

17 There are a minimum o two sounder circuits installed

18 Sound pressure levels have been checked and recorded and meet theminimum requirements.

19 Detectortypeandspacingisappropriatetothesystemcategory

20 MCPsarelocatedcorrectlyandtraveldistanceisappropriatetothesystem

category21 Remote signalling has been checked or correct operation to Alarm

Receiving Centre

22 Zonechartshavebeenfittedinallappropriatelocations(adjacenttocontrol equipment and repeaters)

23 As itted drawings are complete and have been updated where required,includingcablesizeandrouting

24 Log book and operating instructions have been issued to the responsibleperson

25 The responsible person has been adequately trained in the use o the irealarm system


19/2019


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ApolloFireDetectorsLimited36 Brookside Road, Havant,Hampshire,PO91JR,UK.

Tel: +44 (0)23 9249 2412Fax: +44 (0)23 9249 2754

Email:[email protected]: www.apollo-ire.co.uk

PP2328/2013/Issue6

By Appointment toHerMajestyTheQueen

ManufacturersofFireDetection&AlarmProducts

ApolloFireDetectorsLimitedHampshire

Inormation in this guide is given in good aith, butApolloFireDetectorscannotbeheldresponsibleforany omissions or errors. The company reserves theright to change speciications o products at any timeand without prior notice.

A Guide to Fire Alarm System Design BS 5839 Part 1：2002

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