A FUNDAMENTAL STUDY OF CONVERTING EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES TO SYNTHERIC BIO-BASED ADSORBENT FOR BLEACHING...
1
EFB collected from palm oil mill, EFB washed and dried several day EFB was shred and grind EFB carbonized at 3 different temperature 300C,500C and 800C EFB is washed with water and dried. Then EFB activated with phosphoric acid The mixture of carbonized EFB and phosphoric acid is being evaporated at 70C until dry The activated EFB then washed again to remove phosphoric acid and dried for 24hour at temp. 105C. \ NURZAN BIN MOHD JEFRY UNIVERSITY KUALA LUMPUR MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE CHEMICAL & BIOENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Palm oil is first originated from Africa and first planted in Malaysia as plant ornament, today palm oil plant is the most cultivated plant in Malaysia. The palm oil is the only plant known to offer two type of oil which is kernel oil and palm oil., 80% of oil in palm tree is used as edible product and another 20% for non-edible product. Example of palm oil product is cooking and frying oil, vanaspati (vegetable ghee), soap, detergent and cosmetic. Palm oil tree usually harvested on the fourth year and can be harvester for another 40 -50 years. INTRODUCTION A FUNDAMENTAL STUDY OF CONVERTING EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES TO SYNTHERIC BIO-BASED ADSORBENT FOR BLEACHING STAGE IN REFINED BLEACHED DEODORIZATION OF CRUDE PALM OIL ABSTRACT In the production of refined bleached deodorized palm oil, there are two stages involved which are the degummed and bleaching stage and deodorization stage. Commonly in industry the first stages process, uses bleaching clay as bleaching agents to remove carotenoid, free fatty acid, oxidized product and phopholipids. In study empty fruit bunches (EFB) are being converted to be activated carbon to used as substitute for bleaching clay that being use in industry of refining. EFB is being carbonized at 3 different temperature 300C, 500 C and 800 C and being activated with phosphoric acid. OBJECTIVE METHODOLOGY RESULT 5 4 3 2 1 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 Free fatty acid in % Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Bleaching clay DBPO Activated carbon 300°C DBPO Activated carbon 500°C DBPO Activated carbon 800°C BDPO Variable Free Fatty Acid (FFA) 5 4 3 2 1 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 Free fatty acid in % C rude P alm O il (C P O ) Bleaching clay RBDPO A ctiv ated carbon 300°C RBDPO A ctiv ated carbon 500°C RBDPO A ctiv ated carbon 800°C RBDPO V ariable Free Fatty acid (FFA) 5 4 3 2 1 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 446 nm / 269 nm Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Bleaching clay DBPO Activated Carbon 300°C DBPO Activated Carbon 500°C DBPO Activated Carbon 800°C DBPO Variable Deterioration of Bleachability Index (DOBI) 5 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 0 Moisture content in % Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Bleaching clay DBPO Activated Carbon 300°C DBPO Activated Carbon 500°C DBPO Activated Carbon 800°C DBPO Variable Moisture Content 5 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 0 Moisture content in % Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Bleaching clay DBPO Activated Carbon 300°C DBPO Activated Carbon 500°C DBPO Activated Carbon 800°C DBPO Variable Moisture Content Converting EFB into activated carbon and compared the adsorption capabilities with the bleaching clay. A B C D I II III IV V CONCLUSION From the study, it is found that the capabilities of activated carbon from the EFB showed high removal value in the free fatty acid (FFA) and moisture content, but lacking in removal of carotene value and secondary product oxidation. REFERENCES -Scrimgeour, C. (2005). Chemistry of Fatty Acid. In Shahidi, F. Bailey’s Industrial Oil and Fat Products (pg 1-3). New Jersey. Wiley Interscience. -Alam, M. et al. (2006). Activated Carbon derived from oil palm empty-fruit bunches: Application to Environmental Problems. Sciencedirect
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In the production of refined bleached deodorized palm oil, there are two stages involved which are the degummed and bleaching stage and deodorization stage.Commonly in industry the first stages process, uses bleaching clay as bleaching agents to remove carotenoid, free fatty acid, oxidized product and phopholipids. In this, study empty fruit bunches (EFB) are being converted to be activated carbon to usedas substitute for bleaching clay that being use in industry of refining. EFB is being carbonized at 3 different temperature 300, 500 and 800 and being activated with phosphoric acid.
Transcript of A FUNDAMENTAL STUDY OF CONVERTING EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES TO SYNTHERIC BIO-BASED ADSORBENT FOR BLEACHING...
EFB collected from palm oil mill, EFB washed and
dried several dayEFB was shred and grind
EFB carbonized at 3 different temperature
300C,500C and 800C
EFB is washed with water and dried. Then
EFB activated with phosphoric acid
The mixture of carbonized EFB and
phosphoric acid is being evaporated at 70C until
dry
The activated EFB then washed again to remove
phosphoric acid and dried for 24hour at
temp. 105C.
\
NURZAN BIN MOHD JEFRYUNIVERSITY KUALA LUMPUR MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE CHEMICAL &BIOENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
Palm oil is first originated from Africa andfirst planted in Malaysia as plantornament, today palm oil plant is the mostcultivated plant in Malaysia. The palm oil isthe only plant known to offer two type ofoil which is kernel oil and palm oil., 80% ofoil in palm tree is used as edible productand another 20% for non-edible product.Example of palm oil product is cooking andfrying oil, vanaspati (vegetable ghee),soap, detergent and cosmetic. Palm oiltree usually harvested on the fourth yearand can be harvester for another 40 -50years.
INTRODUCTION
A FUNDAMENTAL STUDY OF CONVERTING EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES TO SYNTHERIC BIO-BASED ADSORBENT FOR BLEACHING STAGE IN REFINED BLEACHED DEODORIZATION OF CRUDE PALM OIL
ABSTRACT
In the production of refined bleacheddeodorized palm oil, there are two stagesinvolved which are the degummed andbleaching stage and deodorization stage.Commonly in industry the first stagesprocess, uses bleaching clay as bleachingagents to remove carotenoid, free fattyacid, oxidized product and phopholipids. Instudy empty fruit bunches (EFB) are beingconverted to be activated carbon to usedas substitute for bleaching clay that beinguse in industry of refining. EFB is beingcarbonized at 3 different temperature300C, 500 C and 800 C and beingactivated with phosphoric acid.
OBJECTIVE
METHODOLOGY
RESULT
54321
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
Fre
e f
atty
acid
in
%
Crude Palm Oil (CPO)
Bleaching clay DBPO
Activated carbon 300°C DBPO
Activated carbon 500°C DBPO
Activated carbon 800°C BDPO
Variable
Free Fatty Acid (FFA)
54321
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
Fre
e f
atty
acid
in
%
C rude Palm O il (C PO )
Bleaching clay RBDPO
A ctiv ated carbon 300°C RBDPO
A ctiv ated carbon 500°C RBDPO
A ctiv ated carbon 800°C RBDPO
V ariable
Free Fatty acid (FFA)
54321
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
44
6 n
m /
26
9 n
m
Crude Palm Oil (CPO)
Bleaching clay DBPO
Activated Carbon 300°C DBPO
Activated Carbon 500°C DBPO
Activated Carbon 800°C DBPO
Variable
Deterioration of Bleachability Index (DOBI)
54321
4
3
2
1
0
Mo
istu
re
co
nte
nt in
%
Crude Palm Oil (CPO)
Bleaching clay DBPO
Activated Carbon 300°C DBPO
Activated Carbon 500°C DBPO
Activated Carbon 800°C DBPO
Variable
Moisture Content
54321
4
3
2
1
0
Mo
istu
re
co
nte
nt in
%
Crude Palm Oil (CPO)
Bleaching clay DBPO
Activated Carbon 300°C DBPO
Activated Carbon 500°C DBPO
Activated Carbon 800°C DBPO
Variable
Moisture Content
Converting EFB into activated carbon andcompared the adsorption capabilities withthe bleaching clay.
AB
C D
I II
III IV
V
CONCLUSION
From the study, it is found that the capabilities of activatedcarbon from the EFB showed high removal value in the freefatty acid (FFA) and moisture content, but lacking inremoval of carotene value and secondary productoxidation.
REFERENCES
-Scrimgeour, C. (2005). Chemistry of Fatty Acid. In Shahidi, F. Bailey’s Industrial Oil and Fat Products (pg 1-3). New Jersey. Wiley Interscience.-Alam, M. et al. (2006). Activated Carbon derived from oil palm empty-fruit bunches: Application to Environmental Problems. Sciencedirect
