A Feature-Integration Theory of Attentionmiriah/uncertainty/FeatureIntegrationTheoryOf... ·...
Transcript of A Feature-Integration Theory of Attentionmiriah/uncertainty/FeatureIntegrationTheoryOf... ·...
A Feature-Integration Theory of Attention
A. Treisman and G. Gelade (1980)
Friday, May 10, 13
selective divide
d
bottom
-up
top-downover
t
covert
focu
sed
sustained
alternating
attention
Friday, May 10, 13
selective divide
d
bottom
-up
top-downover
t
covert
focu
sed
sustained
alternating
attention
Friday, May 10, 13
Feature Integration Theory
objects perception
separable perception of features (e.g. color, shape,
orientation etc.)
combine / link features in
objects
pre-attentive focused attention
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Feature Integration Theorysupport
9 experiments testing predictions based on the theory
Visual SearchTexture SegregationIllusory ConjunctionsIdentity and LocationInterference from Unattended Stimuli
5 Areas
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Feature Integration Theory
objects perception
separable perception of features (e.g. color, shape,
orientation etc.)
combine / link features in
objects
pre-attentive focused attention
Friday, May 10, 13
Feature Integration Theory
single features can be detected in
parallel without attention limits
conjunctions require focal attention of
each object, resulting in serial search
pre-attentive focused attention
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find the S or blue
Visual Searchfeature
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Visual Search
S XTT
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feature
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find the S or blue
Visual Searchfeature
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Visual Search
TXT
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T T
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XX X
feature
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find the T
Visual Searchconjunction
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Visual Search
T XTT
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conjunction
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Experiment 1
T XTT
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T XTT
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T STT
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XS XTT
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Feature
S
blue
Conjunction
Distractors: , TXTarget: “S or blue,” T
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Visual Searchresults
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Experiment 2
T X X T T XX T T X X TX T X X T XT X T X T TX T T T X TX X T T X X
O N N O O NN O O N N ON O N N O NO N O N O ON O O O N ON N O O N N
Condition: easyDistractors: , Target:
Condition: difficultDistractors: , Target:
O NO
X TT
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Experiment 3
Distractors: , Target:
Distractors: , Target:
Distractors: , Target:
conjunction feature featureFriday, May 10, 13
ZQ
Experiment 4
P+Q=P =Rillusory “R”
I+Z= =TIillusory “T”
Distractors: P , Q Target: R
Distractors: P , B Target: R
Distractors: P(Q,B) Target: R
( )
P
P PP
PP P
PP
P P
PP
PR
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PP P
P
PP PP
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P PP
BB
B B
BBBBB B
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R
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P P
PP P
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Rillusory conjunction non-illusory conjunction single feature
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Experiment 5
O V V O OV O O V VV O V V OO V O V OV O O O V
O O O O OO O O O OO O O O OV V V V VV V V V V
color shape
O V V O OV O O V VV O V V OO V O V OV O O O V
conjunction control
Task: sort by boundary (horizontal vs vertical)
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Experiment 6
O V V O OV O O ∏ ∏V O V ∏ OO V O ∏ OV O O O ∏
disjunctive feature control
O V V O OV O O V VV O V V OO V O V OV O O O V
conjunction
Task: sort by boundary (horizontal vs vertical)
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Experiment 7
O R R Q QR O O P PR O R P QO R O P QR O O Q P
boundary determined by non-intersecting pairs of [P, R, E, F, O, Q, X, K]
“single feature”:(PO/RQ), (EO/FQ)“conjunction”:(PQ/RO),(FK/EX)
interesting cases
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Experiments 8/9
O X O O H XX X O X O O
Distractors: O , X Target: H (H , X , O)
O X O O X XX X O X O O
Distractors: O , X Target: X , O
disjunctive feature conjunction
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Applications to Graphics
encoding variables that represent individual features (e.g. color, orientation, intensity, movement) are good for search tasks
unique combinations of features do not create pop-out effects in the same way as unique features
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?Questions
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