A Development of Conceptual Framework for Blended Problem-Based Learning Model to Develop...

A Development of Conceptual Framework for

Blended Problem-Based Learning Model to Develop Students’ Ethics

S. SekkhunthodRajabhat Rajanagarindra U.

1) INTRODUCTION

• The national education act 1999 and amendment (No.2) act 2002 of Thailand, the educational technologies has focused.

• Students are motivated and supported to have the knowledge, capabilities and skills for utilization of educational technologies.

The national education act

• Educational technologies should be integrated in classroom teaching and learning. • Teachers should use technology to

change their teaching to accommodate and respond to enthusiasm of the students to make full capacity.


• National Education Act of Thailand, shall aim at the full development of the Thai people in all aspects:

• physical and mental health; intellect; knowledge;

• morality; integrity; and desirable way of life so as to be able to live in harmony with other people.


• Section 22 of the Act indicates that education shall be based on the principle that all learners are capable of learning and self-development, and are regarded as being most important.

Thai Qualifications Framework for Higher Education (TQF)

Thai Qualifications Framework for Higher Education (TQF) of Computer Program which states that the desirable characteristics of the graduates should be:

1. Be ethical, good citizen, responsible for themselves profession and society and moral issues.


2. Have a good basic knowledge and practice in the relevant scientific theory and can be applied properly in the profession and higher education levels.

3. Have modern knowledge and be avidity for learning, able to develop knowledge for themselves, and able to develop work and social.


4. Able to solve the problems in a systematic with the appropriateness 5. Able to work with others, have management skills and teamwork.


6. Search for knowledge by themselves and can communicate with other people as well.7. Have the ability in English and foreign language for communication and ability in the use information technology.


8.Able to analyze the needs of the user design, development, installation and update computer system and able to resolve the organization or individual requirements effectively in accordance with the working environment.

9.Able to analyze the impact of computer applications to individual and social organizations as well as legal and ethical issues.


10. Have ability to give a consulting on how to use computers in an organization.11. Have the ability to manage the systems in organizations.12. Have the ability to develop the small programs to work.

Theory of Blended Learning

1. to combine different web-based technologies,2. to combine different pedagogical approaches,3. to combine any form of instructional

technology with FTF instructor led training, 4. to combine instructional technology with actual job tasks in order to improve learning transfer.

Blended Learning can mean:

Blended Learning can mean:

• Blended Learning is the teaching practice that combines teaching methods from both face-to-face and online learning.

The mostly used “ingredients” of the blend include:

Classroom instruction Interactive web-based training

e-Mail Threaded discussion

Self-paced content Collaboration software

Virtual classroom Print-based workbooks

Online testing e-Learning

Theory of Problem-Based Learning

Problem-Based Learning (PBL) encourages knowledge construction by starting each learning experience with a complex real-life problem that is typically presented to a small group of students in a tutorial setting.

The Importance of PBL

PBL can be quite a radical departure from the usual learning approach that is heavily lecturer-centred. Overall, students have responded positively to PBL and reported that they have profited from the new learning approach in various ways.

The Importance of PBL

1. Increased research and thinking skills.2. Being able to learn and define objectives. based on own needs and interests.3. Becoming able to express own opinions.4. Learning how to work effectively in a team.5. Learning how to find research sources.6. Learning how to draw up a research plan.

2) PURPOSES OF THE STUDY

1. To develop conceptual framework for Blended Problem-Based Learning

model to develop students’ ethics.2. To study the experts’ opinions on a

Blended Problem-Based Learning model to develop students’ ethics.

3) CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS

The researcher studied the conceptual framework of related theories, including

- Learning theory, - The National Education Act 1999 and

Amendment (No.2) Act 2002 of Thailand, - Theory of ethics, Problem-Based Learning and Blended Learning

3) CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS

which composed of threecharacteristics: 1. Cognitive, 2. Constructivism,3. Performance support

Cognitive

Cognitive theory is a learning theory of psychology that attempts to explain human behavior by understanding the thought processes.

http://phobias.about.com/od/causesanddevelopment/a/learningtheory.htm

Constructivism• Constructivism is a theory of knowledge

that argues that humans generate knowledge and meaning from an interaction between their experiences and their ideas.

• Constructivism is connected with experiential learning.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experiential_education

Constructivism• Theory of constructivism as a means of

learning thought themselves to create them and we can easily also mean the shortest is “learning by practice (Doing) or a Making things,” • The concepts of construction in

learning and teaching are as follows:

The concepts of construction

1.Live Events: synchronous, instructor-led learning events in which all learners participate at the same time, such as in a live “virtual classroom.”

2.Self-Paced e-Learning: learning experiences that the learner completes individually, such as interactive, Web-based learning, computer-based learning, virtual classrooms, and digital collaboration. Content is delivered via the Internet, and CD-ROM


3.Collaboration Learning: the concept of collaborative learning, the grouping and pairing of learners for the purpose of achieving a learning goal

4.Cooperative learning is an approach to organizing classroom activities into academic and social learning experiences. Students must work in groups to complete. Everyone succeeds when the group succeeds.


5.Discovery learning is an inquiry-based, constructivist learning theory that takes place in problem solving situations and existing knowledge to discover facts and relationships and new truths to be learned.

6.Face-to-Face Learning is traditional learning which more sense of leadership from instructor and not so easy to ignore instructor.

Performance support

Performance support reference materials or resource and tools that enhance learning retention and transfer, including infrastructure, internet room, PDA, personal computer, notebook, telephone, and printable references.

4) RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

There are three phases of this research study:

1. The first phase is to study conceptual framework of related theories, including theories of Learning theory, The National Education Act 1999 and Amendment (No.2) Act 2002 of Thailand, Theory of ethics, Problem-Based Learning and Blended Learning.


2. The second phase is to developthe “PIE-BPBL Model”.


3. The last phase is to study nine experts’ opinions on the quality of the PIE-BPBL Model. At this phase, the researcher used information obtained from both first phase and second phase to develop the PIE-BPBL model. Then, the model was certified by nine experts through blended learning, problem-based learning, and ethics of students.


The results showed that the quality of the PIE-BPBL model was at high level.

5) RESEARCH RESULTS

The results from the study of the

PIE-BPBL Model to develop undergraduate

students’ ethics

A PIE-BPBL Model

A PIE-BPBL model for developing Rajabhat university students’ ethics which is consisted of three stages:1) Preparation Stage2) Instructional Development Stage3) Evaluation Stage

Preparation StageThe preparation stage compose of five steps. Step 1: Defining objective domain. 1) Skill-driven learning; combines self-paced learning with

instructor or facilitator support to develop specific knowledge and skills.

2) Attitude-driven learning; mixes various events and delivery media to develop specific behaviors.

3) Competency-driven learning; blends performance support tools with knowledge management resources and mentoring to develop workplace competencies.

Preparation StageThe preparation stage compose of five steps.

Step 2: Content selection is to subjects that will be used for teaching and learning in PIE-BPBL model.

Step 3: Student analysis is to consider learner characteristics.

Preparation StageThe preparation stage compose of five steps.

Step 4: Orientation is an orientation to understand and prepare the students about learning through the PIE-BPBL model.

Step 5: Facilitators support is to provide materials or facilities or resource and tools. To teaching and learning through model most successful.

Instructional Development Stage

The instructional development was very important because it integrated activities from

-The Blended learning Model and - The Problem-Based Learning Model.

Instructional Development Stage

The activities from Blended Learning Model were e-Learning and Face-to-Face Learning.

The techniques used in e-Learning were coaching, collaboration, cooperative learning.

The techniques used in Face-to-Face Learning were active learning, individual lecture, and individual seminar.

Preparation StageStep 1: Explore the Problem (E)Step 2: Identify (I)

2.1 Try to solve the problem with what you currently know.2.2 Identify what you do not know and what you need to know.2.3 Draw up a research plan.

Step 3: Learning Issue (L)3.1 Self-study and prepare.3.2 Share the new knowledge in the group.

Step 4: Apply it (A)4.1 Apply the knowledge to solve the problem.4.2 Reflect on the problem-solving process.

Problem-Based learning used “EILA model”

Evaluation StageThe final stage was to evaluate students’ ethics

which compose of four elements: 1. Ethical knowledge: the knowledge about the

contents of teaching social ethics and knowledge of moral truths or principles from which moral prescriptions.

2. Ethical attitude: an ethical attitude is an essential aspect of the analytic relationship. An ethical attitude encompasses the formal codes of ethics within the professions.

Evaluation Stage3. Ethical reasoning: ethical or moral reasoning is a

critical part of decision making. In the context of reasoning, an issue is a matter of dispute with two or more distinct sides. Ethical reasoning entails doing what is right even in the face of powerful selfish desires.

4. Ethical behavior: ethical behavior is the standards that you hold for yourself of the attributes of honesty, responsibility, and how you treat others in all facets of your life.

Evaluation StageIn each element, the evaluations are classified into five levels of ethics:

1. Ethics-Basic level is a person who has self-discipline. Know their duties, honest sacrifice, have a responsibility to themselves and others.


2. Ethics-Advanced level is a good example to society. to understand others, responsible, contemplated. Accepted opinions of others and understand the world


3. Ethics-Proactive level is to promote and guide the society to realize the moral can persuade others to comply with the wishes of good to see the good that will lead to a peace who can guide the society.


4. Ethics-Excellent level a sacrifice in a manner that dedicate themselves to the happy society. That people who have this level of morality that must be ready both physically and mentally.

Evaluation StageIn each element, the evaluations are classified into five levels of ethics: 5. Profession conduct level is an honest profession. The integrity of their careers doing. The integrity and living together in peace. This study will focus on ethics for computer professional

Thank you for your attention

A Development of Conceptual Framework for Blended Problem-Based Learning Model to Develop...

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