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A Design Process Mrs. Stewart Biomedical Innovations

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What Is a Design Process? A design process is a systematic problem-solving strategy, with criteria and constraints, used to develop many possible solutions to solve or satisfy human needs or wants and to narrow down the possible solutions to one final choice. ITEA Standards for Technological Literacy Images courtesy of NASA

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Design Process Various design processes are used across different technical fields.

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Design Process Steps 1.Define the Problem 2.Investigate, Research and Generate Ideas 3.Develop a Solution 4.Construct and Test a Prototype 5.Evaluate the Solution 6.Present the Solution This design process was developed based on the University of Maryland - College Park - IRB Research Project

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Identify a problem Validate the problem Who says it is a problem? What are the needs and wants? What are the prior solutions to this problem? Justify the problem Is the problem worth solving? Define the Problem

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Create design requirements (specifications) What are the constraints or limitations that must be followed? Create a design brief or written plan that identifies a problem to be solved, its criteria, and its constraints

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Define the Problem In some cases, if the problem is not valid or justifiable, the designer must define a new problem.

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Research past solutions Brainstorm possible new solutions Consider additional design goals that could enhance the design Investigate, Research and Generate Ideas

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Analyze each suggested solution or model by creating a chart comparing the pros and cons of each (a decisionmatrix) Select an approach Investigate, Research and Generate Ideas

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If the technology necessary to develop the solution does not exist, scientific research may be necessary to pursue a solution.

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Develop a Solution Create a detailed design solution Develop detailed sketches of the solution if applicable Determine specific materials and supplies needed Determine how and when each step of the solution will be accomplished and who will work on each step. Justify the design solution

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Develop a Solution If a solution is found to be invalid or cannot be justified, the designer must return to a previous step in the design process.

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Construct a testable prototype Plan prototype testing Test prototype for performance, usability, and durability Test prototype Collect test data Analyze test data Construct and Test a Prototype

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If a testable prototype cannot be built or test data analysis indicates a flawed design, the designer must return to a previous step of the design process. Construct and Test a Prototype

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Evaluate the Solution Evaluate solution effectiveness Does the solution solve the problem? Reflect on design Recommend improvements Optimize/Redesign the solution Make adjustments to the design where needed

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Evaluate the Solution Does the solution solve the problem? If not, the designer must return to a previous step of the design process.

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Present oral presentations. Develop a project portfolio and written reports if required. Use the solution to actually solve the problem or model the process. Present the Solution

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Product improvement or redesign will require the designer to repeat the design process. A Design Process

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Image Resources National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). (n.d.). NASA image exchange. Retrieved from http://nix.nasa.gov/.