A Daunting PREMIS: Implementing Preservation Metadata within the METS Framework Jerome P. McDonough...
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Transcript of A Daunting PREMIS: Implementing Preservation Metadata within the METS Framework Jerome P. McDonough...
A Daunting PREMIS:Implementing
Preservation Metadata within the METS
Framework
Jerome P. McDonoughGraduate School of Library & Information Science, UIUC
ICDAT 2006Inst. of Information Science,
Academia SinicaOctober 19, 2006
One Great Loss for Mankind
QuickTime™ and aYUV420 codec decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
One Great Loss for Mankind
Source: Sarkissian, John M. (21 May 2006). The Search for the Apollo 11 SSTV Tapes. Parkes, Australia: CSIRO Parkes Observatory.http://www.honeysucklecreek.net.nyud.net:8080/Apollo_11/tapes/Search_for_SSTV_Tapes.pdf
“Houston, we’ve had a problem
here.”Loss of data due to format conversions
Need to insure viable access to playback devices for media
Inadequacy of traditional archival practice for insuring item-level access to media
Need to detailed event history to document life-cycle/provenance of information
History of PREMIS OCLC/RLG Preservation Metadata Framework Working Group (2001-2002)
“…to define the concept of preservation metadata…and evaluate the prospects for a community-wide, consensus-building activity….”
Final Report: Preservation Metadata for Digital Objects: A Review of the State of the Art
“…to develop a framework outlining the types of information -- i.e., metadata -- that should be associated with an archived digital object.”
Final Report: A Metadata Framework to Support the Preservation of Digital Objects
History of PREMIS PREservation Metadata Implementation
Strategies [PREMIS] (2003-2005) “Develop a core preservation metadata set,
supported by a data dictionary, with broad applicability across the digital preservation community.”
“Identify and evaluate alternative strategies for encoding, storing, and managing preservation metadata in digital preservation systems.”
Final Report: Data Dictionary for Preservation Metadata: Final Report of the PREMIS Working Group
PREMIS Maintenance Activity at Library of Congress, including XML Schema
PREMIS Data Model
PREMIS Data Dictionary: Object
Object Identifier Preservation Level Object Category Object Characteristics Creating Application Original Name Storage Environment Signature Information
Relationship Linking Event Identifier Linking Intellectual
Entity Identifier Linking Permission
Statement Identifier
An Object can be associated with one or more Rights statements, can participate in one or more Events, and can be related to one or more Agents
PREMIS Data Dictionary: Event
Event Identifier Event Type Event Date & Time Event Detail Event Outcome
Linking Agent Identifier
Linking Object Identifier
An Event must be related to one or more objects, and can be related to one or more Agents.
PREMIS Data Dictionary: Agent
Agent Identifier Agent Name Agent Type
An Agent may hold or grant one or more rights, may carry out, authorize, or compel one or more events, and may create or act upon one or more objects.
PREMIS Data Dictionary: Rights
Permission Statement Identifier
Granting Agreement
Permission Granted
Linking Object Granting Agent
<premis:object> <premis:objectIdentifier> <premis:objectIdentifierType>hdl</premis:objectIdentifierType> <premis:objectIdentifierValue>loc.music/gottlieb.09611</premis:objectIdentifierValue> </premis:objectIdentifier> <premis:objectCategory>file</premis:objectCategory> <premis:objectCharacteristics> <premis:fixity> <premis:messageDigestAlgorithm>MD5</premis:messageDigestAlgorithm> <premis:messageDigest>36b0319…..</premis:messageDigest> <premis:messageDigestOriginator>LocalDCMS</premis:messageDigestOriginator> </premis:fixity> <premis:size>20800896</premis:size> <premis:format> <premis:formatDesignation>
<premis:formatName>image/tiff</premis:formatName> <premis:formatVersion></premis:formatVersion>
</premis:formatDesignation> </premis:format> </premis:objectCharacteristics></premis:object>
<premis:event> <premis:eventIdentifier> <premis:eventIdentifierType>LocalRepository</premis:eventIdentifierType> <premis:eventIdentifierValue>e001</premis:eventIdentifierValue> </premis:eventIdentifier> <premis:eventType>ingestion</premis:eventType> <premis:eventDateTime>2006-06-06T00:00:00.001</premis:eventDateTime> <premis:linkingAgentIdentifier> <premis:linkingAgentIdentifierType>AgentID</premis:linkingAgentIdentifierType> <premis:linkingAgentIdentifierValue>na12345</premis:linkingAgentIdentifierValue> </premis:linkingAgentIdentifier></premis:event><premis:agent> <premis:agentIdentifier> <premis:agentIdentifierType>AgentID</premis:agentIdentifierType> <premis:agentIdentifierValue>na12345</premis:agentIdentifierValue> </premis:agentIdentifier> <premis:agentName>LC Repository</premis:agentName> <premis:agentType>organization</premis:agentType></premis:agent>
Overview of METS Digital Library Federation Initiative launched in 2001 as successor to Making of America II project
Goal: Create a single document format for encoding digital library objects which can fulfill roles of SIP, AIP and DIP within the OAIS reference model
Scope limited to objects comprised of text, image, audio and video files (or combination thereof)
METS Maintenance Activity at Library of Congress, including XML Schema
METS Framework
METS Document
Header
Descriptive MD
Admin. MD
File Section
Link Structure
Structural Map
Behaviors
METS StructureObject modeled as tree (e.g. movie is composed of scenes, which are composed of one or more shots)
Every node in tree structure can be associated with content files and descriptive & administrative metadata
Every content file can be associated with descriptive & administrative metadata
METS Administrative
Metadata4 Types: Technical, Rights, Source Document, Digital Provenance
Non-prescriptive/Multiple instancesmay be internal (XML or binary) or external (XLink) to METS document
Internal XML reliant on extension schema (e.g., PREMIS) for support
METS & PREMIS
OAIS Information Package
On-going Issues Architecting objects for performance, or the Metadata that Ate Cincinnati
Organizing successful & complete representation networks
Enabling trustworthy metadataSupporting ‘non-generic’ Event, Rights & Agent metadata
Creating metrics & methods for evaluating digital preservation activities
The Metadata That Ate
Cincinnati Add a 300 page digitized book with TIFF page images, a TEI encoding and a METS wrapper to your repository: 302 PREMIS Object Records, 302 Other Technical Metadata
Records, 1 Descriptive Metadata Record, 1 Rights Record, 1 PREMIS Event Record (Ingest), 1 PREMIS Agent Record (Ingesting Agent), 302 PREMIS Event Records (JHOVE Validation)
Migrate TIFF to JPEG2000 Add 300 PREMIS Event Records, 300 Additional Event
Detail Records, 1 PREMIS Agent Record 300 PREMIS Object records, 300 Technical Metadata Records
Run Fixity Check on Content Files Add 302 PREMIS Event Records, 1 PREMIS Agent Record
Continue ad infinitum….
Representation Networks
ISO/IEC 15444-1 + :2004/PDAM 1 (JPEG 2000 +Amendment 1/profiles for Dig. Cinema)
SMPTE 384M (MXF) W3C XML 1.1 SMPTE 372M EBU Standard N22 1997 AES3-2003 SMPTE 196E ISO/IEC 15948:2004 (PNG)
Unicode version 4.0.01 SMPTE 12M (auxiliary file
format) SMPTE 336M (KLV) ISO 15706 (ISAN) SMPTE 330M-2004 (UMID) ITU-T Recommendation X.509 ISO 3166 (language code) TIA-442 (RS-422) IEEE802.3
Partial (first layer) representation network for Digital Cinema System Specification
Trustworthy Metadata
Metadata from a known (and trusted) source
Metadata that has not experienced unauthorized change
Metadata that is accurateMetadata that is sufficient to need
Metadata that is transparent
Generic vs. Specific:
Events, Rights & Agents
Event Example -- Migrate SD DTV to HD DTV. You may want to know: De-interlacing technique (motion-compensated or not, linear or non-linear)
Colorspace conversion (gamma correction, luma equations for source and destination, primary chromaticities and white points for source and destination)
Aspect ratio conversion technique
Similarly, we may want to know more about Rights and Agents than the minimal generic information
Evaluating Digital Preservation
ProgramsWhat does it mean to preserve digital content? Does the meaning of “preservation” vary with context?
What metrics should we employ to evaluate the success of a digital preservation program?
謝謝 !
Jerome McDonoughGraduation School of Library & Information Science
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign501 E. Daniel Street, MC-493
Champaign, IL [email protected]