A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only...
Transcript of A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only...
![Page 1: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Conversations about active learning
Joel Michael. PhDDepartment of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology
Rush Medical CollegeChicago, IL
![Page 2: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Agenda for morning
• I’ll talk a bit about active learning• You’ll demonstrate/experience some
examples of active learning• We’ll talk about the active learning that we
did
![Page 3: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Agenda for opening talk
I want to:• tell you something about who I am• find out who you are• define some terms• discuss what we mean by active learning
![Page 4: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Who am I? Part 1
• My graduate training was in physiology and biomedical engineering
• I did research on eye movements and vision, effects of hypoxia on the CNS, and multiple sclerosis
![Page 5: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Who am I? Part 2
• I have taught physiology to first year medical students for 40 years
![Page 6: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Who am I? Part 2
• I have taught physiology to first year medical students for 40 years at Rush– In an integrated, organ system curriculum– In a curriculum organized by disciplines– In a problem-based learning curriculum– In September, Rush will begin an integrated,
organ system curriculum that is case-based
![Page 7: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Who am I? Part 2
• I have taught physiology to first year medical students for 40 years
• Since 1980 I have spent full time doing research, development, writing etc. on learning/teaching science (physiology)
![Page 8: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Who am I? Part 2
• I have taught physiology to first year medical students for 40 years
• Since 1980 I have spent full time doing research, development, writing etc. on learning/teaching science (physiology)– Active learning, computer based education,
problem-solving, misconceptions, and conceptual assessment
![Page 9: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Who are you?
• What do you teach?
![Page 10: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Conversations about active learning
![Page 11: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
What’s a conversation?
![Page 12: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
What’s a conversation?
You (the audience) are going to have to talk at least as much I do (well, almost).
![Page 13: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Some terms to be defined
• Learning• Understanding• Mental model
![Page 14: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Learning
![Page 15: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Learning
• “The long-established first principle, the foundation stone of the entire enterprise, is that learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.”
Herb Simon, 2001
![Page 16: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Learning
• “The long-established first principle, the foundation stone of the entire enterprise, is that learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.”
• Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of this, even if known, are not relevant
![Page 17: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Learning (continued)
• ”The contents of textbooks, the lectures or tutorial activities of teachers, the humming of computer tutors, the murmurings of classroom student discussion and study groups - all of these are wholly irrelevant except in so far as they affect what knowledge and skills are stored inside learner’s heads (and sometimes in their fingers and toes).” Herb Simon, 2001
![Page 18: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Learning (continued)
• From a pragmatic standpoint, learning always results in some observable change in the learner’s behavior
![Page 19: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Learning (continued)
• From a pragmatic standpoint, learning always results in some observable change in the learner’s behavior– He or she can do something after the learning
that they couldn’t do before
![Page 20: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Understanding
![Page 21: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Understanding
“In broad terms, a person understands someinformation to the extent that he or she can use it in performing the tasks for which it is relevant. There is no great difficulty in measuring understanding, thus defined.”
Herb Simon, 2001
![Page 22: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Mental model
![Page 23: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Mental model
• A model is a representation of some piece of the world or some collection of facts etc
• A mental model is a representation in the brain– For our purposes neither the form of the
representation nor the neural circuitry matters
![Page 24: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Mental model
• A model is a representation of some piece of the world or some collection of facts etc
• A mental model is a representation in the brain
• It is widely believed that learning involves the building of mental models of that which is being learned
![Page 25: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
What’s active learning?
![Page 26: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
What’s active learning?
• It may be easiest to define this term for you if I start by reminding you what it isn’t.
• Thus, I want to start by talking about passive learning or rote learning
![Page 27: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Passive learning
• Is rote memorization of facts.• The only thing you can do with a list that
has only been memorized is to recite it back to someone.
• Any mental model that is formed is going to be incomplete, inaccurate, and unhelpful.
• Consider the index of a book . . .
![Page 28: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
What’s active learning?
• It is an intentional, deliberate, conscious processing of information being acquired.
• It can be usefully described as a process of building - testing – refining the mental models being built from the information being acquired.
Michael and Modell, 2003
![Page 29: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
What’s active learning?
• It is something the learner does, not something that the teacher does.
• It can occur in any physical setting.• It is a skill that can be taught and certainly
must be practiced.
![Page 30: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Not active learning!
![Page 31: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Active learning • Active learning can be promoted in the
lecture hall.• Small group problem solving sessions (at
Rush we call them workshops) promote active learning.
• A case presentation can afford opportunities for active learning.
• The computer lab is well suited to promote active learning.
![Page 32: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Let’s do some active learning!
• I’m going to ask you to do two things at once (after all, this is multi-tasking world we live in!)– Behave like a student would (play the “game”
you are asked to play)– Think about what you are being asked to do
and how you are doing it• If you have questions in either role just ask
![Page 33: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Let’s do some active learning!
• I have sequenced the three exercises we will be doing in the same order in which my late colleague Al Rovick and I developed them.
• The “history” here is, I believe, of some relevance and we will talk about this at the end.
![Page 34: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Example 1- Context
• The final exercise in the CV block is the computer lab you are about to engage with
• The program assumes that students have already learned the “facts” and the “concepts”
• The goal is to help them put everything together to solve problems
![Page 35: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Example 1- Procedure
• Work 3 or 4 to a computer• Talk to each other as you solve the
problem• You may ask me anything• I may ask you anything
![Page 36: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Students would have a version of this in their course Study Guide
![Page 37: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
What were we doing? Why?
![Page 38: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Some observations
• When the students are talking to each other there is active learning going on
• The goal should be 2-3 students per computer (NOT 1 to 1)
• This is an environment in which it is possible to diagnose student problems
![Page 39: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Example 2: Context
• Each of the major physiology topics (CV, respiratory, etc.) incorporates one or more small group problem solving workshops
![Page 40: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Example 2: Context
• Each of the major physiology topics (CV, respiratory, etc.) incorporates one or more small group problem solving workshops– Approximately 30 students in a room with a
faculty member
![Page 41: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Example 2: Context
• Each of the major physiology topics (CV, respiratory, etc.) incorporates one or more small group problem solving workshop
• Problem is a novel one they have not seen before
![Page 42: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Example 2: Context
• Each of the major physiology topics (CV, respiratory, etc.) incorporates one or more small group problem solving workshop
• Problem is a novel one they have not seen before
• This is not conducted like a lecture and no new material is introduced here
![Page 43: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Example 2: Context
• Each of the major physiology topics (CV, respiratory, etc.) incorporates one or more small group problem solving workshop
• Problem is a novel one they have not seen before
• This is not conducted like a lecture and no new material is introduced here
• Students work in “small groups” and group answers are shared
![Page 44: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Small group workshop
• Mrs. Young
![Page 45: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
What did we do? And Why?
![Page 46: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Some observations
• Formatting of problem is important; “paging” helps
• It’s important that they NOT see the problems ahead of time
• You will never get everyone to “play the game”
![Page 47: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Example 3 - Context
• I now always help students organize the particular physiology they are trying to learn and understanding using a clinical case
• At the beginning of the endocrine physiology block I begin with a case presentation
![Page 48: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Case presentation
• Mrs. Omaya
![Page 49: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Follow up to case presentation
• Throughout the lectures that follow the case presentation I scatter questions (often using clickers) relating the physiology being considered and Mrs. Omaya
![Page 50: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
What did we do? And Why?
![Page 51: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Some observations
• I never try to teach medicine because I am NOT competent to do so
• However, many of the thinking processes that are intrinsic to physiology are very similar to what a physician does
• STUDENTS LIKE CASES, a factor not to be sneezed at!
![Page 52: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Three examples of active learning experiences
• Computer lab• Small group problem solving session• Interactive case presentation
![Page 53: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Three examples of active learning experiences
• Computer lab– Problem solving; peer teaching; cooperative
learning• Small group problem solving session
– Problem solving; peer teaching; cooperative learning
• Interactive case presentation– Problem solving; integration
![Page 54: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
What’s the prescription for active learning?
![Page 55: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
What’s the prescription for active learning?
• First the bad news . . .
![Page 56: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
What’s the prescription for active learning?
• First the bad news . . . There is none.
![Page 57: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
What’s the prescription for active learning?
• First the bad news . . . There is none.• The good news . . .
![Page 58: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
What’s the prescription for active learning?
• First the bad news . . . There is none.• The good news . . . We know some
characteristics common to all forms of active learning
![Page 59: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
What’s the prescription for active learning?
• First the bad news . . . There is none.• The good news . . . We know some
characteristics common to all forms of active learning
• This means you are free to devise your own prescription that works for you (just keep that list of necessary features in mind).
![Page 60: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
What’s most important?
![Page 61: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
What’s most important?
• Student engagement (involvement, interest, motivation)
![Page 62: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
What’s most important?
• Student engagement (involvement, interest, motivation)
• When students have to articulate their understanding of something, active learning takes place.
![Page 63: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
What’s most important?
• Student engagement (involvement, interest, motivation)
• When students have to articulate their understanding of something, active learning takes place.– Therefore students have to talk more (to you
and to each other) and the teacher has to talk less
![Page 64: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Why use cases to promote active learning?
![Page 65: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Why use cases to promote active learning?
• They are engaging for students and provides immediate motivation/relevance
• Cases always involve a “problem” to be solved
• There are lots of cases “out there” that can be used
• They can serve multiple purposes• They help students to integrate basic
science and medicine
![Page 66: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
So why not incorporate active learning into your teaching?
![Page 67: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Here’s a common excuse
![Page 68: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Here’s a common excuse
![Page 69: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Don’t believe it!
![Page 70: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
![Page 71: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
References
• Michael, J. and Modell, H. (2003). Active learning in the secondary and college science classroom. Erlbaum.
• Simon, H. (2001). Learning to research about learning (pp.205-226). In S. M. Carver and D. Klahr (editors), Cognition and instruction: Twenty-five years of progress. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
![Page 72: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Thank you for you attention andyour cooperation!
If I can be of further help, don’t hesitate to get in touch with me.
![Page 73: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Example 1: Context
• Cardiovascular block• Properties of the elements of the
circulation• Subject is capillary exchange
![Page 74: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Structure of the capillary
![Page 75: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Structure of the capillary
Q1: What do you see?
![Page 76: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Structure of the capillary
How do O2, glucose, and water get across the capillary wall?
![Page 77: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Starling forces: visual
![Page 78: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Starling forces: visual
If venous pressure were to increase (as occurs in CFH) which of the following would occur:A.Filtration would increaseB.Reabsorption would decreaseC.Lymph formation would increase
![Page 79: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Starling equation
Qf = k[(Pc + i) – (Pi + p)]Qf = flux of fluid across the walls K = filtration constantP = hydrostatic pressureB = oncotic pressureC = in the capillaryI = in the interstitium
![Page 80: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Starling equation
Qf = k[(Pc + i) – (Pi + p)]Qf = flux of fluid across the walls K = filtration constantP = hydrostatic pressureB = oncotic pressureC = in the capillaryI = in the interstitium
In liver failure, protein production is decreased. As a result Qf will;A. IncreaseB. DecreaseC. Stay the same
![Page 81: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Any observations?
![Page 82: A conversation about active learning€¦ · learning takes place inside the learner and only inside the learner.” • Must involve some change in the brain, but the details of](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071217/604a338184a42d4f8158a620/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Any observations?
• Active learner is occurring when students are talking to each other (as long as it’s about science!)
• Questions asked should be diagnostic for you (what do the students know or not know) and diagnostic for the students (what do they know or not know . . . What do their peers know)