A COMPARATIVE STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF CONNECTING...
Transcript of A COMPARATIVE STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF CONNECTING...
International Journal of Engineering Technology, Management and Applied Sciences
www.ijetmas.com March 2015, Volume 3 Special Issue, ISSN 2349-4476
332 Mohd Nawajish,Mohd Naimuddin,Mayank
A COMPARATIVE STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF
CONNECTING ROD
Mohd Nawajish1, Mohd Naimuddin
2, Mayank
3
123Undergraduate Student,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Moradabad Institute of Technology,
Moradabad, U.P., (India)
ABSTRACT
The Connecting rod is used as a major link between piston and crank shaft which transfer the motion
from one part called piston to second part called crank shaft of IC engine by changing the mode of
this motion i.e. from reciprocating to rotary. And also in some special cases like ginning and pressing
machine connecting rod is used to convert the rotary motion into oscillating one. Generally
connecting rods are made up of carbon steel and nowadays aluminum alloys are also used for
manufacturing the connecting rods. In this work a comparison study is made between the results of
different materials for connecting rod. And the 3D modeling and analysis of connecting rod is also
incorporated in this project.
FEA analysis was carried out by considering materials Al360, beryllium alloy25, Titanium alloy
Titanium alloy Ti-13v-11Cr-3Al. In this study a solid 3D model of Connecting rod was developed
using SOLIDWORKS software and an analysis was also carried out by using SOLIDWORKS
Software and useful factors like von mises stress, von mises strain and displacement were obtained.
Keywords- Solidworks, FE Analysis, Connecting Rod, Von Mises Stress And Strain.
1. INTRODUCTION
Connecting rods are widely used in variety of engine. Its work is to transmit the thrust of piston to
the transmission. It consists of a piston end, a shank section, and crank end. It has two ends one is
called small or piston end and other one is big or crank end. The big end is connected to the crank or
crank shaft with the help of crank pin and small end is connected to the piston with the help of piston
pin. Pin holes of Piston end and crank end are so designed and machined to allow accurate fitting of
bearings. There are different types of materials and production methods used in the creation of
connecting rods. The most common types of Connecting rods are steel and aluminum. The most
common types of manufacturing processes are casting, forging and powdered metallurgy.
A further need is that the connecting rod should not buckle during operation. These requirements are
used to select an appropriate cross section and material for manufacture. Lighter connecting rods
help to decrease lead caused by forces of inertia in engine as it does not require big balancing weight
on crank shaft. The reason for making I-section is that twice every revolution, the connecting rod
comes to stop. This exerts a massive pressure on the big-end bearing and on the small-end bearing.
By reducing the mass of the rod, the pressure is reduced. The typical I- section reduces the mass
International Journal of Engineering Technology, Management and Applied Sciences
www.ijetmas.com March 2015, Volume 3 Special Issue, ISSN 2349-4476
333 Mohd Nawajish,Mohd Naimuddin,Mayank
without weakening the rod [3]. To increase the shock absorbing capacity of pin and connecting rod it
should be designed proper material followed by the analysis. Connecting rod is subjected to a
complex state of loading. It undergoes high cyclic loads of the order of 10^8 to 10^9 cycles, which
range from high compressive loads due to combustion, to high tensile loads due to inertia [2].To
design connecting rod some research work has been observed which explain further.
K. Sudershn Kumar et al [5],(2012) found that Aluminum boron carbide have working factor of
safety is nearer to theoretical factor of safety, 33.17% to reduce the weight, to increase the stiffness
by 48.55% and to reduce the stress by10.35% and most stiffer.
Tukaram S. Sarkate et al [1], (2013) carried out an analysis to find out an optimum material for
connecting rod. The results obtain by FEA for both Aluminum 7068 alloy and AISI 4340 alloy steel
are satisfactory for all possible loading conditions.
Kuldeep B. et al [4], (2013) described in the study that Weight can be reduced by changing the
material of the current Al360 connecting rod to hybrid alfasic composite.
Marthanapalli HariPriya et al [6], (2013) optimized the weight of connecting rod by changing the
material from carbon steel to aluminium alloy AL360 and cross section from I-section to H-section.
By changing the cross section, the weight of connecting rod is reduced by 10gms. By replacing
carbon steel with Aluminum alloy A360, the weight of the connecting rod reduces about 4 times than
using Carbon steel since density of Aluminum alloy A360 is very less as compared with Carbon
Steel.
2. PROBLEM FORMULATION
The objective of present study is to do analysis of connecting rod of different materials and making a
meaningful comparison among results of analysis, which can be helpful for getting suitable material
for manufacturing connecting rod. And in this work a 3d model of connecting rod is also developed
using solidworks which is very helpful in analysis In this study the static analysis is done by keeping
the big or crank end of connecting rod fixed and different typed of loads i.e. Tensile and
Compressive are applied at small or piston end. The results of analyses are noted for making helpful
comparison.
TABLE NO. 1. PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS
MATERIALS YOUNG’S
MODULUS(Gpa)
DENSITY(Kg/m3) POISSON’S
RATIO
YIELD
SRENGHT(Mpa)
AL360 69 2700 0.33 171
Alloy 25 131 8360 0.29 690
Titanium alloy Ti-
13v-11Cr-3Al
99 4820 0.3 830
International Journal of Engineering Technology, Management and Applied Sciences
www.ijetmas.com March 2015, Volume 3 Special Issue, ISSN 2349-4476
334 Mohd Nawajish,Mohd Naimuddin,Mayank
3. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
Fig 1: 2D drawings of connecting rod
Fig 2: 3D model of connecting rod Fig 3: Mesh view of connecting rod
4: von mises stress for tensile load, Fig 5: von mises strain for tensile load,
AL360 AL360
International Journal of Engineering Technology, Management and Applied Sciences
www.ijetmas.com March 2015, Volume 3 Special Issue, ISSN 2349-4476
335 Mohd Nawajish,Mohd Naimuddin,Mayank
Fig 6: Displacement for tensile load,AL360 Fig 7: von mises stress for tensile load,
Titanium alloy
Fig 8: von mises strain for tensile load, Fig 9: Displacement for tensile load,
Titanium alloy Titanium alloy
Fig 10: von mises stress for tensile load, Fig 11: von mises strain for tensile load,
Alloy 25 Alloy25
International Journal of Engineering Technology, Management and Applied Sciences
www.ijetmas.com March 2015, Volume 3 Special Issue, ISSN 2349-4476
336 Mohd Nawajish,Mohd Naimuddin,Mayank
Fig 12: Displacement for tensile load, Fig 13: von mises stress for compressive
Alloy 25 load, AL 360
Fig 14: von mises strain for compressive load, Fig 15: Displacement for compressive
AL 360 load, AL 360
Fig 16: von mises stress for compressive load, Fig 17: von mises strain for compressive
Titanium alloy load, Titanium alloy
International Journal of Engineering Technology, Management and Applied Sciences
www.ijetmas.com March 2015, Volume 3 Special Issue, ISSN 2349-4476
337 Mohd Nawajish,Mohd Naimuddin,Mayank
Fig 18: Displacement for compressive load, Fig 19: von mises stress for compressive
Titanium alloy load, Alloy 25
Fig 20: von mises strain for compressive load, Fig 21: Displacement for compressive load,
Alloy 25 Alloy 25
4. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Table 2. Comparison of results
Particulars AL 360 Ti alloy(Ti-13v-11Cr-
3Al)
Alloy 25
Tensile compressive Tensile compressive Tensile compressive
Von mises
stress
135.574 135.574 117.41 114.81 117.42 117.42
Von mises
strain
1.588e-3
1.588e-3
9.29e-4
9.398e-4
7.363e-4
7.363e-4
Displacement 2.129e-1
2.129e-1
1.273e-1
1.275e-1
1.009e-1
1.009e-1
International Journal of Engineering Technology, Management and Applied Sciences
www.ijetmas.com March 2015, Volume 3 Special Issue, ISSN 2349-4476
338 Mohd Nawajish,Mohd Naimuddin,Mayank
From the above table it is cleared that the von mises stress developed in connecting rod of Titanium
alloy (Ti-13v-11Cr-3Al) is minimum than other two materials. The Von mises strains of Ti alloy and
Alloy 25 are almost equal and smaller than that of AL360. So it is preferable to choose Titanium
alloy (Ti-13v-11Cr-3Al) and Alloy 25 for connecting rod.
5. CONCLUSION:
From the above results and comparison it can be noticed that Titanium alloy (Ti-13v-11Cr-3Al) may
be used for connecting rod. It is a suitable material for manufacturing of connecting rod. In the
present work it is noteworthy that the economic consideration has not been incorporated. From this
study it may be concluded that
(1) Maximum von mises stress is developed at small end and minimum von mises stress at big end of
the connecting rod.
(2) Maximum von mises stress is minimum in connecting rod of Titanium alloy.
(3) Connecting rod of Titanium alloy is more safe than AL360 and Alloy 25 based on the yield
strength.
6. REFERENCES:
[1] Sarkate T S, Washimkar S P, Dhulekar S S., Optimization of Steel connecting rod by aluminum
connecting rod using Finite Element Analysis, Vol. 1, Issue. 1, 2013.
[2] Ms. Riddhi chopde, prof. S. T. Warghat, “Design and analysis of connecting rod: a review”
International journal of pure andapplied research in engineering and technology, 2014; volume 2
[3] Sushant,Victor Gambhir, “Design and Comparative Performance Analysis of Two Wheeler
Connecting Rod Using Two Different Materials Namely Carbon70 Steel and Aluminum 7068 by
Finite Element Analysis” International journal of research in aeronautical and mechanical
engineering Vol.2 Issue.6,June 2014.
[4] Kuldeep B, Arun L.R, Mohammed Faheem, Analysis and optimization of connecting rod using
alfasic composites, (IJIRSET)- Vol. 2, Issue 6, June 2013, ISSN: 2319-8753.
[5] K. Sudershn Kumar, Dr. K. Tirupathi Reddy, Syed Altaf Hussain, “Modeling and analysis of two
wheeler connecting rod” International Journal of Modern Engineering Research, Sep-Oct. 2012,
Vol.2, Issue.5
[6] Marthanapalli HariPriya, K.Manohar Reddy, “Materialized Optimization of Connecting Rod for
Four Stroke Single Cylinder Engine” International Journal of Computational Engineering Research,
Vol. 03,Issue. 10.