9781413878868 TX7 MUD Sci ATE BM Posttest

1Peoples Education Copying is permitted.

STAAR-Ready Assessments

1 Photosynthesis changes the Sun’s energy into —

A radiant energy

B potential energy

C chemical energy

D electrical energy

Refer to this image when answering questions 2–4.

Vacuole

Mitochondria

Cell membrane

Cell wall Cytoplasm

Chloroplast

Nucleus

2 In plant cells like this one, where does photosynthesis happen?

A Chloroplasts

B Cytoplasm

C Nucleus

D Vacuoles

DIRECTIONS Read each question and choose the best answer. Then circle the letter for the correct answer.

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Practice Test 2

Practice Test 2

2 Science • Level G Copying is permitted. Measuring Up® to the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills


3 When the vacuoles in a plant’s cells shrink, the plant —

A makes more food

B becomes rigid

C flowers

D wilts

4 Plant cells are different from animal cells because plant cells have —

A cell walls

B cytoplasm

C nuclei

D vacuoles

5 If you were going to make a 3-D model of a cell, which of the following would best represent the cytoplasm?

A Soil

B Gelatin

C Packing popcorn

D Water

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6 The nucleus of a cell contains —

A the cell membrane

B chromosomes

C organelles

D mitochondria

7 Chromosomes —

A carry information about the organism’s traits

B are also called genes

C store the nutrients the cell needs

D look like small balls

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Practice Test 2



Use this table to answer questions 8 and 9.

Number of chromosomes in a(n) ...

Ant 2

Chicken 78

Corn 20

Crayfi sh 200

Dog 78

Fruit fl y 8

House mouse 40

Horsetail (a plant) 216

Human 46

Roundworm (microscopic) 12

Yeast 32

8 This table tells you how many chromosomes are in the cells of certain organisms. Based on the information, which of the following is true?

A Plants have more chromosomes than animals.

B Humans have the largest number of chromosomes.

C The smaller an organism is, the fewer chromosomes it has.

D You can’t tell how many chromosomes an organism has by looking at it.

9 Now look at the table again. When a puppy is born, how many chromosomes does it inherit from its father?

Record your answer in the boxes below. Then fill in the bubbles. Be sure to use the correct place value.

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Read the following text. Then answer questions 10 and 11. Gregor Mendel was a monk who lived in Europe in the 1800s. He worked with pea plants and

discovered that certain traits were dominant, like the color of the seed or the color of the flower. He also realized that something—something we now call a gene—was passed to the offspring of the plants. He thought that this something determined the young plant’s traits. Based on his experiments, Mendel reached two conclusions: (1) Only one allele from any given pair passes to the offspring from each parent, and (2) different pairs of alleles pass to the offspring independently. He also realized that this system of inheritance occurs by chance.

10 Today, Mendel is called the father of —

A modern biology

B anthropology

C genetics

D botany

11 Y

A

Y

Yg

YgYg

Ygg

g

g

B

g

gg

gggg

ggg

g

These Punnett squares show the crossing of two pairs of pea plants. Y indicates the dominant yellow pea color, and g indicates the recessive green pea color. If any of the offspring of the plants of A above were crossed with any of the offspring of B, how many of the offspring of their crossing would produce green peas?

A All

B Half

C One-quarter

D None

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Practice Test 2



12 Of what are organs made?

A Tissues

B Organisms

C Organelles

D Chemical energy

13 Look at the following pairs of organs and organelles. Which pair do not have similar functions?

A Skin – cell membrane

B Stomach – lysosome

C Heart – vacuole

D Brain – nucleus

14 Which statement best explains how cells are like organisms?

A Both are carbon-based.

B Both are parts of living things.

C Cells’ organelles function like organisms’ organ systems.

D Cells are composed of molecules, and so are organisms.

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15 The adaptation of xylem and phloem in trees function in a manner similar to the human —

A circulatory system

B digestive system

C reproductive system

D nervous system

16 Imagine you are camping in the forest one evening when a bear suddenly appears in your campsite. Your body reacts automatically when the bear appears. Which of the following is not one of those reactions?

A Your heart beats faster.

B You get goose bumps.

C You can see better in the dusk.

D Your mouth waters.

17 The brain is an organ in the —

A circulatory system

B digestive system

C nervous system

D skeletal-muscular system

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Practice Test 2



18 Impulses move through the nervous system as —

A electrochemical energy

B mechanical energy

C potential energy

D radiant energy

19

wings coveredby an exoskeleton

go to step 2

go to step 3

ladybug

grasshopper

dragonfly

housefly

Step 2

wings not coveredby an exoskeleton

body has around shape

body has anelongated shape

wings point outfrom the side ofthe body

wings point tothe posteriorof the body

Step 3

Step 1

Look at the picture above. Use the dichotomous key to identify what kind of insect it is.

A Dragonfly

B Grasshopper

C Housefly

D Ladybug

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Read this text. Then answer questions 20–25. Butterflies and moths are flying insects. They are the only insects with scaly wings. Both go

through metamorphosis from an egg to a larva to a pupa to an adult. Only adults have wings. Moth and butterfly larvae eat their food, munching on plant parts, such as leaves. Adult moths and butterflies, however, sip liquid food, such as nectar from flowers or juice from rotting fruit. There are at least 150,000 different species of butterflies and moths. Only about 28,000 of them are butterflies.

Butterflies can fly very well. Although some fly slowly—about 5 mph—others fly very fast, reaching speeds of more than 30 mph. They cannot fly when the weather is rainy or too cold. They must sun themselves to warm up in cool weather. They can fly only if their body temperature is 86°F or higher. If the air temperature is less than 60°F, they probably will not be able to fly.

A lot of animals prey on butterflies. Just a few examples are frogs, lizards, birds, snakes, spiders, and even other insects. Some butterflies, like Monarch butterflies and Pipevine Swallowtails, eat poisonous plants when they are caterpillars, and as a result they become poisonous themselves. They also have an unpleasant taste to other animals that eat them. However, birds can recognize the poisonous butterflies from their coloring so the birds avoid eating them.

20 Why do you think most butterfly species live in the tropics?

A It rains a lot there.

B There aren’t many plants there.

C There aren’t many predators there.

D It is warm all year in the tropics.

21 Many butterfly species migrate. Why do they do this?

A To find mates

B To change their diets

C To avoid cold winters

D To return to their birthplace

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Practice Test 2



22 Monarch butterflies migrate around 2,500 miles. They fly about 11 mph and can travel about 80 miles in a day. Approximately how many days of flight are needed for the journey?


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23 Butterflies help the plants they feed from by —

A removing nectar from the flowers

B pollinating the plants as they feed

C laying eggs on the plants’ leaves

D eating insects that feed on the plants

24 Why do you think some butterflies have developed colors that make them look like Monarchs and Pipevine Swallowtails?

A These colors blend with the flowers the butterflies feed on so they cannot be seen.

B Predators avoid eating butterflies with these colors because some are poisonous.

C The butterflies eat the same foods as Monarchs and Pipevine Swallowtails.

D This coloring makes the butterflies attractive to females.

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25

Differences Between Butterfl ies and MothsFeature Butterfl ies Moths

Antennae Clublike with a swollen tip

Feathery, without swollen tip

Color Usually bright colors Usually less bright than butterfl ies

Resting Stance Wings erect and held together while resting

Wings open and folded over its back while resting

Period of Activity Usually active during the day

Usually active at night (and attracted to light)

A B

Examine the chart and pictures above. Are the insects in the pictures butterflies or moths?

A A is a butterfly, and B is a moth.

B A is a moth, and B is a butterfly.

C Both are butterflies.

D Both are moths.

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Practice Test 2



Refer to this chart to answer questions 26 and 27.

Butterfl y Host Plant

Monarch The Queen

milkweed

Black Swallowtail parsley, carrots, parsnips

Anise Swallowtail anise, fennel, carrots, parsley, parsnips

Orange-Barred Sulphur the pea family

Great Southern White mustards

Painted Lady Mylitta Crescent

thistles

Eastern Tailed Blue Orange-Bordered Blue

legumes

Pygmy Blue Dwarf Blue

lamb’s tongue

Common Blue dogwood fl owers

Marine Blue wisteria, alfalfa, locoweed, legumes

Southern Cloudy Wing Northern Cloudy Wing

clover and legumes

26 Your class decides to create a butterfly garden at school. You research several types of butterflies and the kinds of plants the caterpillars of those species eat. Based on the chart, which type of plants might attract the most species of butterfly?

A Fruit

B Herbs

C Shrubs

D Vegetables

27 Once your butterfly vegetable garden is growing, which of the following kinds of butterflies will you most likely not see there?

A Black Swallowtail

B Orange-Barred Sulphur

C Monarchs

D Anise Swallowtail

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28 One morning on the way to school, you notice that the plants in your neighbor’s garden are looking limp and slumped over. While you are at school, it rains. When you pass the garden in the evening, you see that all the plants are standing fully upright again. Which of the following best explains this change?

A The plants have turned toward the Sun.

B The plant shoots are growing away from Earth’s gravity.

C Your neighbor has supported the plants with stakes.

D Water from the rain has filled the plants’ cells.

29 The redwood forests of California contain trees that have lived for hundreds of years. These forests are an example of —

A a climax community

B a pioneer species

C primary succession

D secondary succession

30 In an ecosystem, why are decomposers important?

A Consumers eat them.

B They make food for producers.

C They make food for consumers.

D They release nutrients into the soil.

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Practice Test 2



Refer to this food chain to answer questions 31–33.

Vegetable plants

1 2 3 4

Birds ofprey

31 In this food chain, which of the following could you place in position 2?

A Spiders

B Hawks

C Lizards

D Butterflies

32 In the food chain, which of the following could you place in position 3?

A Insects

B Hawks

C Lizards

D Caterpillars

33 What percentage of the energy produced by the vegetable plants at the bottom of the food chain reaches the birds of prey at the top?


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Read this text. Then answer questions 34 and 35. A scientist discovers that the groundwater in her town is polluted. She suspects that a nearby

factory is the source of the pollution. Now she wants to conduct a study to find out whether her theory is correct.

34 Which of the following will not help her test her theory?

A Taking photographs of the factory and its grounds

B Analyzing the waste materials produced by the factory

C Testing the groundwater near the factory regularly

D Interviewing factory workers about working conditions

35 The scientist has recorded the levels of pollutants in the groundwater near the factory every month for the past year. She has recorded the data she has collected in a table. She thinks these findings support her theory and wants the town council to force the factory to stop polluting the groundwater. To convince them, she plans to present the results of her study in a clear, persuasive way. Which of the following models should she use?

A Analogy

B Line graph

C Mathematical equation

D Scale model of the watershed

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Practice Test 2



Refer to this map to answer questions 36 and 37.

36 Before farmers and ranchers settled Texas’ Blackland Prairies, large herds of buffalo wandered the land, grazing on prairie grasses. It is common for woody shrubs and, eventually, trees to take over such areas. Which of the following natural events do you think prevented that from happening in the Blackland Prairies?

A Hurricanes

B Floods

C Fires

D Earthquakes

37 Because of its rich soil, farms cover much of the Blackland Prairies today. However, heavy farming has changed the landscape significantly. If farmers do not plant cover crops, soil loss can occur due to —

A deposition

B ice erosion

C weathering

D wind erosion

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38 Carbohydrates, fats and oils, and proteins all contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They are —

A abiotic

B foods

C organic compounds

D organisms

39 Like carbohydrates and proteins, lipids (fats and oils) are large molecules. Your body cannot convert lipids into energy without breaking them down into smaller molecules. This process —

A happens when you chew

B is a physical change

C turns them into sugars

D is a chemical change

The Digestive System

chemicalenergy

1 2 3

40 To complete this diagram to show how the digestive system converts chemical energy into energy to be used in the body, put energy in box 2 and energy in box 3.

A kinetic; potential

B nuclear; radiant

C mechanical; thermal

D electrical; thermal

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Practice Test 2



41 Maria goes out to mail a birthday card on a snowy day. As she walks to the mailbox, she finds that she is shivering. Which of the following best explains why Maria’s body is shivering?

A The sun is not shining.

B Maria is getting sick.

C She’s excited about building a snowman.

D Maria’s body is shivering to warm itself up.

Refer to these pictures to answer questions 42 and 43.

A

B

C

D

42 The boy is exerting the most force in —

A pictures A and C

B picture B

C picture D

D pictures B and D

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43 The most work is being done in —

A pictures A and C C picture D

B picture B D pictures B and D

Use this diagram to answer questions 44 and 45.

Leaves fall

Leavesdecompose

into soil

Nutrientstravel up

through tree

Tree growsand makes

leaves

44 You are drawing a diagram about forest ecosystems. What do you write in the blank circle?

A Tree absorbs nutrients from soil

B Decomposers eat leaves

C Food is made in leaves

D Atoms in leaves cease to exist

45 This diagram models in forest ecosystems.

A redwood trees

B the cycle of matter

C the flow of energy

D the activity of decomposers

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Practice Test 2



46 What causes the leaves to fall from trees?

A The mass of the leaves

B The weight of the leaves

C A push from the tree

D The pull of gravity

47 You want to do an experiment to show that the atmosphere contains water vapor that condenses under certain conditions. You have filled a glass with water. What should you add to it for your experiment?

A Ice

B A spoon

C Lemon juice

D Baking soda

48 The first manned flight to the Moon took place in 1968. Apollo 8 orbited the Moon ten times before returning to Earth. When the astronauts were ready to return to Earth, they fired the engines to burn propellant. This increased their spacecraft’s speed, which –

A made it fast enough to reach Earth

B repositioned it in its orbit of the Moon

C allowed it to break free of the Moon’s gravity

D decreased its mass so it could leave orbit

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49

Rumen Esophagus

Reticulum

Small Intestines

Herbivores, such as sheep, cows, and horses, need a digestive system that is specialized to digest the raw plants they eat. They have two “stomachs”: a reticulum and a rumen. The reticulum traps things the animal has swallowed with its food, such as nails and small rocks. The rumen has several sections. One section is a muscular area that grinds the food. The other section is an area where bacteria and other microbes break down fiber and mix digestive enzymes into the food. Eventually, the plants that the animal has eaten are changed into the fatty acids it needs as nutrients. This process in the rumen in which enzymes help break down food is —

A a physical change

B a chemical change

C dangerous for the animal

D the result of parasites in the animal’s system

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Practice Test 2



Read the following text and use the pictures to answer questions 50 and 51. Different types of fish have different kinds of scales. Some even have various scales on

different parts of their body. The scales can be rough or smooth, and they can be different shapes and sizes.

Many types of scales grow as the fish grows. When they do, they grow more slowly when the weather is cooler. As a result, the scales develop rings similar to the ones you see in tree trunks. By counting the rings, you can guess at the age of the fish.

50 Some fish do not have scales. What advantage do you think fish with scales might have over fish without scales?

A Their scales keep scaly fish warmer.

B Scaly fish can bend more easily than fish without scales.

C The colors in the scales help scaly fish attract more mates.

D Scales form a sort of protective armor for scaly fish.

51 Your class decides to build a database about the scales of fish commonly eaten where you live. Many of you bring in scales from fish your families have eaten. Which of the following will be most important to agree on before starting to examine the scales?

A Who will provide the fish scales

B Whether to use freshwater or saltwater fish

C How to display your findings

D What type of data you will gather about each scale

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9781413878868 TX7 MUD Sci ATE BM Posttest

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Transcript of 9781413878868 TX7 MUD Sci ATE BM Posttest