95% oF YoUr FErroGraM anaLYSiS can BE DEi … · Trico panauuseu iUcoa a Ba uai uTcopaG Trico...
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TRICO CORPORATION | 1235 HICKORY STREET | PEWAUKEE, WI 53072 | 800.558.7008 / 262.691.9336 | WWW.TRICOCORP.COM Black particles aligned in magnetic field Cause High operating temperatures and/or insufficient lubrication Magnification 500x Flat platelets < 15 microns in major dimension Cause Normal machine wear Magnification 500x RUBBING WEAR Flat elongated > 20 microns with striations Cause Excessive load/speed on sliding surface. This example is composed of copper alloy. Left: Magnification 500x Right: 3D photomicroscopy SEVERE WEAR Flat striated particles Heat treated Cause Fatigue, scuffing or scoring of gear teeth Magnification 500x CHUNKS Long, curved strips of metal Heat treated Cause Misalignment or abrasive contamination in lubricant Magnification 500x ABRASIVE WEAR Laminar platelets Heat treated Cause Rolling contact failure Magnification 500x LAMINAR WEAR Small spheres < 5 microns in diameter Cause Early warning of rolling element bearing failure Magnification 500x SPHERES DARK METALLO OXIDES Red-orange particles aligned in magnetic field Cause Water in the oil or poor lubricant condition Magnification 500x RED OXIDE White metal particle misaligned with magnetic field Cause Aluminum component wear Magnification 500x NON FERROUS Heavy concentration of fine particles at exit of ferrogram Cause Oil additive condition Magnification 100x CORROSIVE WEAR Red-orange particles are red oxides and black particles are black oxides Cause Poor lubrication conditions Magnification 100x RED & DARK METALLO OXIDE NONMETALLIC CRYSTALLINE Hard abrasive debris that can initiate an abnormal wear condition Cause Outside contamination Magnification 500x Non-aligned and passes transmitted light Cause Possible paper filter failure Magnification 200x FIBERS Amorphous materials which pass transmitted light Cause Excessive load or stress on lubricant Magnification 500x FRICTION POLYMERS Heat treated ferrogram (330°C/625°F) show both blue and gold temper colors indicating low alloy steel and medium alloy steel respectively Cause Abnormal gear wear Left: Magnification 400x Right: 3D photomicroscopy LOW ALLOY & MEDIUM ALLOY STEEL PARTICLES An indication of welding, grinding, sandblasting, etc., near the equipment Cause Outside contamination Magnification 500x CONTAMINANT SPHERES Nonferrous - before and after heat treatment Cause Babbitt journal bearing wear Magnification 500x LEAD/TIN BABBITT Nonferrous particle, gray in color with many shear planes Cause Solid lubricant additives in system Magnification 400x MOLYBDENUM DISULFIDE WWW.TRICOCORP.COM Do you have a question on wear particle analysis? Call 216-691-9336 for help. Chart is in accordance with ASTM D 7690 standard. © 2011 Trico Corporation 95% OF YOUR FERROGRAM ANALYSIS CAN BE IDENTIFIED ON THIS CHART
Transcript of 95% oF YoUr FErroGraM anaLYSiS can BE DEi … · Trico panauuseu iUcoa a Ba uai uTcopaG Trico...
TYPICAL FERROGRAPHIC WEAR PARTICLES
Trico corporaTion | 1235 Hickory Street | Pewaukee, wi 53072 | 800.558.7008 / 262.691.9336 | www.tricocorP.com
Black particles aligned in magnetic field
causeHigh operating temperatures and/or insufficient lubrication Magnification 500x
Flat platelets < 15 microns in major dimension
causeNormal machine wear Magnification 500x
rUBBinG WEar
Flat elongated > 20 microns with striations
causeexcessive load/speed on sliding surface. this example is composed of copper alloy.Left: Magnification 500x Right: 3D photomicroscopy
SEVErE WEar
Flat striated particlesHeat treated
causeFatigue, scuffing or scoring of gear teethMagnification 500x
cHUnKS
Long, curved strips of metal Heat treated
causemisalignment or abrasive contamination in lubricantMagnification 500x
aBraSiVE WEar
Laminar platelets Heat treated
causerolling contact failureMagnification 500x
LaMinar WEar
Small spheres < 5 microns in diameter
causeearly warning of rolling element bearing failureMagnification 500x
SpHErES
DarK METaLLo oXiDES
red-orange particles aligned in magnetic field
causewater in the oil or poorlubricant conditionMagnification 500x
rED oXiDE
white metal particle misaligned with magnetic field
causealuminum component wearMagnification 500x
non FErroUS
Heavy concentration of fine particles at exit of ferrogram
causeoil additive conditionMagnification 100x
corroSiVE WEar
red-orange particles are red oxides and black particles are black oxides
causePoor lubrication conditionsMagnification 100x
rED & DarK METaLLo oXiDE
nonMETaLLic crYSTaLLinEHard abrasive debris that can initiate an abnormal wear condition
causeoutside contaminationMagnification 500x
Non-aligned and passes transmitted light
causePossible paper filter failure Magnification 200x
FiBErS
amorphous materials which pass transmitted light
causeexcessive load or stress on lubricant Magnification 500x
FricTion poLYMErS
Heat treated ferrogram (330°c/625°F) show both blue and gold temper colors indicating low alloy steel and medium alloy steel respectively
causeabnormal gear wearLeft: Magnification 400x Right: 3D photomicroscopy
LoW aLLoY & MEDiUM aLLoY STEEL parTicLES
an indication of welding, grinding, sandblasting, etc., near the equipment
causeoutside contaminationMagnification 500x
conTaMinanT SpHErES
Nonferrous - before and after heat treatment
causeBabbitt journal bearing wearMagnification 500x
LEaD/Tin BaBBiTT
Nonferrous particle, gray in color with many shear planes
causeSolid lubricant additives in systemMagnification 400x
MoLYBDEnUM DiSULFiDE
WWW.Tricocorp.coM
Do you have a question on wear particle analysis? Call 216-691-9336 for help.
Chart is in accordance with ASTM D 7690 standard. © 2011 Trico Corporation
95% oF YoUr FErroGraM anaLYSiS can BE iDEnTiFiED on THiS cHarT
