88K13A02

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TRAINING SUPPORT PACKAGE (TSP)

Note: This is the TSP title page

TSP

Number

88K13A02

Task

Number(s)

Title(s)

WATER SURVIVAL/DROWNPROOFING

Effective

Date

1 OCT 1997

Supersedes

TSP(s)

421-130-10

29 JUNE 1996

TSP User 88K WATERCRAFT OPERATOR

Proponent DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

TRAINING DIRECTORATE

ATTN: ATCL-AT

401 First Street, Suite 227

Fort Lee, VA 23801-1511

Comments/

Recommen-dations

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

TRAINING DIRECTORATEATTN: ATCL-AT

401 First Street, Suite 227

Fort Lee, VA 23801-1511

Foreign

Disclosure

Restrictions

This product has been reviewed by the product developers in coordination

with the Commander, U.S. Army Combined Arms Support Command foreign

disclosure authority. This product is releasable to military students from

foreign countries on a case-by-case basis.

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PREFACE

Purpose This training support package provides the instructor with a

standardized lesson plan for presenting instruction for:

TASK NUMBER: 421-130-10

TASK TITLE: WATER SURVIVAL/DROWN PROOF

CONDITIONS: Given classroom instruction, use of notes a Standard Navy

Personal Floatation Device and FM 55-501

STANDARD: The student must don a Standard Navy Personal Floatation

Device within two minutes.

This TSP

contains

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Preface

Lesson Section I - Administrative Data

Plan Section II - Introduction

Terminal Learning Objective

Section III - Presentation

A. Enabling Learning

Objective 1

B. Enabling Learning

Objective 2C. (etc.)

Section IV - Summary

Section V - Student Evaluation

Appendixes A. Viewgraph Masters

B. Test and Test Solutions

C. Practical Exercises and Solutions

D. Student Handouts

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Water Survival/Drownproofing

[Effective Date]

SECTION - I. ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

All Courses

Including This

Lesson

COURSE NUMBER(S) COURSE TITLE(S)

Task(s)

Taught or

Supported

TASK NUMBER TASK TITLE

Reinforced

Task(s)

TASK NUMBER TASK TITLE

Academic

Hours:

The Academic hours required to teach this course are as

follows:

*TEST

*TEST REVIEWTOTAL HOURS

PEACETIME

HOURS/METHOD

1.0/C

1.0/C/VTC

8.0/D/PE1

/

/00000010.0

MOBILIZATION

HOURS/METHOD

/

/

/

/

/000000000000000

Test Lesson [List the lesson number in which the terminal learning objective of

Number this lesson are tested and the test results are reviewed with the

students.]

Hours Lesson No.

Testing:

4.0 9g6-3025

Review of test results: _______________ _______________

Prerequisite

Lesson(s)

(State if there are

none.)

LESSON NUMBER

_________________

LESSON TITLE

________________________

Clearance UNCLASSIFIED (U)

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and Access N/A

References

Number Title Date Para

No.

Additional

Information

FM 55-501 Marine Crew’sHandbook

15 Mar 83

Student Study

Assignments

SEE STUDENT GUIDE OR CMP

Instructor

Requirements

[These are special qualifications or additional requirements.]

Additional

Support

Personnel

Requirements

FOR THE TOTAL LESSON.

LIFE GUARD FOR DROWN PROOF.

BUS DRIVER FOR TRANSPORTATION.

POOL AREA

Equipment

Required

(PFD) PERSONAL FLOATATION DEVICE

Materials

Required

Classroom,

TrainingArea,

CLASSROOM

POOL

Instructional

Guidance

Note: Ensure facilities, equipment, and training materials are

ready prior to class start time. Instructors will have a thorough

knowledge of reference

Prepare by studying this lesson and identified reference

material.

Proponent

Lesson

Plan

Approvals

NAME

___________________

___________________

Rank

_____

_____

Position

__________________

__________________

Date

_______

_______

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SECTION II - INTRODUCTION

Method of instruction: C

Instructor to student ratio is: 1:C

Time of instruction: .2 hours.

Motivator Motivate students to learn the Terminal Learning Objective. The Titanic

was one of the finest ships of her day. Almost three football fields in

length, the 46,000 ton luxury liner was considered unsinkable. Lloyds of

London fixed the odds of her being sunk at a million to one. On April 14,

1912, four days into it’s voyage, the liner was cruising at 22.5 knots

through the icy waters of the North Atlantic. Although other vessels in the

area had reported seeing ice, these warnings caused no alarm aboard the

Titanic. At 2340 a lookout in the crows nest spotted an ice berg and alerted

the bridge. The first office ordered the helm hard over and the engines full

astern. Slowly the giant ship began to come around too late. It scraped

along the jagged surface of the iceberg’s submerged base, tearing a 300

foot hole in it’s hull. Six watertight compartments were flooded. At 0220it sank. Inadequate protective clothing, insufficient numbers of life boats,

PFD’s and ignorance of cold water survival techniques contributed to the

tragedy which claimed 1,502 lives. None of the 1,489 people exposed to

the freezing water were alive when rescue vessels arrived only one hour

and fifty minutes later.

The human body and the human senses have evolved for use ashore. We

are physically endowed to be landlubbers and the sea is inherently unsafe

and a hostile environment to us. Few can survive for long in the water

without artificial support or specialized equipment. These devices, known

generally as survival gear, make the difference between life and death.

Army vessels operate in all types of weather and the danger of fallingoverboard or sinking is always a factor. Fear, fatigue and exposure are the

enemies of water survival. The desire to live, clear thinking and proficient

use of available survival gear offer the means of escaping danger.

Terminal

Learning

Objective

Note: Inform the students of the following terminal learning

objective requirements.

At the completion of this lesson you [the student] will:

Procedures and techniques of donning a lifejacket and entering the water;

Techniques of swimming through flames; and Performing the hang float,

travel stroke, and Cold water survival measures.

ACTION: Discuss the ro er wear and care of the Standard

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Navy Personal Floatation Device.

CONDITIONS: Given classroom instruction, use of class notes, a

Standard Navy Personal Floatation Device and FM

55-501.

STANDARD: The student must don a Standard Navy Personal

Floatation Device within two minutes.

FORCE

PROTECTION

Safety

Requirements

The students must be given a safety briefing and a briefing on the rules of

the indoor pool prior to beginning the Practical Exercise.

Risk Assessment

Level

Medium.

Environmental

Considerations

None.

Evaluation Check on learning questions and IBM Examination 9G6-1-1-02,

Performance Test 9G6-301-04 and IBM Examination 9G6-601-16 (MTE).

Instructional

Lead-in

Inform students they will cover the proper way to don a Standard Navy

Personal Floatation Device.

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SECTION III - PRESENTATION

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A

NOTE: Inform students of the Enabling Learning Objectives Requirements.

Show VG 1-8 A. Wear and Care of the Navy Personal Floatation Device.

ACTION: Identify the Standard Navy Personal Floatation

Device.

CONDITIONS: Given classroom instruction, use of class notes, and

FM 55-501.

STANDARD: The student must correctly identify the proper way todon the Standard Navy Personal Floatation Device.

1. Learning Step/Activity 1

[A statement describing what is to be done.]

Method of instruction: C/D



Media

Identify the parts of, and properly Don, the Navy Standard PersonalFloatation Device.

NOTE: Demonstrate with an actual PFD during instruction.

a. The PFD is designed to keep you afloat in the water. It is the

primary floatation device used by Army personnel. Because proper wearing

of the vest requires training, it is not commonly used by civilian personnel.

For Army personnel, however, it’s used is mandatory during evolution’s such

as:

[1] Abandon Ship.

[2] Towing operations when personnel are on the weather deck.

[3] Heavy weather operations when personnel are topside.

b. An important feature of the PFD is it allows you to completely

relax and save energy, thus extending your survival time. Another important

feature of the PFD is its ability to keep your head out of the water, even if

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you are unconscious or injured. There are two major disadvantages of this

PFD which should be noted. First, it is bulky and somewhat restricts your

movement. For this reason it is often substituted for a work vest during deck

operations like rigging tows or handling mooring lines. Second, its buoyancy

prevents underwater swimming, which may be critical in escaping from a

capsized boat or avoiding burning oil on the surface.

c. The PFD is intended to be donned before entering the water. The

following steps must be followed in donning and adjusting it:

NOTE: Demonstrate with PFD while instructing proper way to don. (within 2

minutes)

[1] Check the white tag on the inside lower back of the PFD

to insure it’s worn next to the body.

[2] Put your arms through the holes and pull the jacket up

and around your shoulders.

[3] Put the neck straps through the “D” rings on each side of

the jacket and tie a bowknot.

[4] Pull the chest strap and waist straps tight, and then tie

with bowknots.

[5] Take slack out of the belly strap and snap it together.

[6] Reach down and back between your legs and grab theleft-leg strap and pull it up between your legs.

[7] Put the end through the “D” rings and pull tight.

[8] Repeat the procedure for the right-leg strap.

[9] Return the strap ends through the outside D-ring to allow

for quick release.

[10] Check whistle and chem light for serviceability.

WARNING: For safety purposes, always tuck all loose straps into your pockets, shirt or belt. Injured personnel always should have their leg straps adjusted before

they are lowered into the water.

NOTE: Conduct check on learning and summarize the learning activity.

NOTE: Ask students check on learning questions.

Q. When is the PFD mandatory?

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A. Abandon Ship, Towing Ops on the weather deck, Heavy Weather Ops

when topside.

Q. How much time is allowed to don your PFD?

A. 2 minutes.

d. It is absolutely essential that the PFD be properly donned andadjusted before you enter the water or you will probably be injured in the

process. If possible, get as level with the water as you can. A height below

15 feet is ideal. If you are forced to jump from heights greater than 30 feet

the chances of injury are greatly increased. Regardless of the height, the

following steps should be followed when entering the water with a PFD.

[1] Stand on the edge of the deck and look over onto the water checking for

debris.

[2] If the water surface is clear of debris, ensure all straps on PFD are tight

and tucked away.

[3] Ensure your cover is off and in your cargo pocket. Take off eyeglasses.

Take out dentures or false teeth. Remove any sharp objects.

[4] Move to the edge from where you are to step and again look for debris.

[5] There is no debris, take your left hand and pinch your nose shut, while the

palm of your left hand cups over your mouth. Then with your right hand you

will cross over your left arm grabbing the collar of the PFD, while tucking

your elbows in as close as possible to your sides.

[6] Finally, step off with either foot and bring the trailing foot up behind theleading foot so that your legs cross at the ankles upon entry into the water.

e. To clean the PFD you must first remove the floatation pads and

signaling equipment then clean in fresh, warm water with mild, biodegradable

detergent. Rinse in clean, fresh water. Heat, moisture and direct sunlight

cause the rubber and cloth components to deteriorate. Consequently, they

should be stored in a cool, dry place out of direct sunlight. The term “cool”

denotes temperatures between 32* and 100* Fahrenheit. A “dry” area is

considered any suitable area where condensation does not come into contract

with the PFD’s. All PFD’s must be kept away from oil, paint and greasy

substances.

NOTE: Conduct a check on learning and summarize the learning activity.


Q. What objects should you remove before entering the water?

A. Headgear, glasses, false teeth, contacts, sharp objects.

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Q. What do you remove before cleaning a PFD?

A. Floatation pads.

f. Identify the work vest and demonstrate wear and use.

NOTE: Show students the work vest.

[1] The work vest provides less protection than the PFD. It will not

hold up an injured or unconscious person’s head. It’s use may be appropriate

where greater freedom of movement is needed and the risk of falling into the

water from a height is a low risk factor.

[2] There are disadvantages to the work vest. First, its floatation

characteristics are poor. Second, it tends to ride up on the wearer. Finally, its

minimum buoyancy is far less than the PFD, therefore considerable effort is

made to keep your head out of the water. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES

WILL THE WORK VEST EVER BE SUBSTITUTED FOR THE

REQUIRED PFD. PFD’s ARE THE PRIMARY LIFESAVING DEVICE.

NOTE: Conduct check on learning by having the students don the PFD within 2

minutes, and summarize the learning activity.

NOTE: Ask students if there are any questions pertaining to this lesson.

Ask students check on learning questions.

Q. Where should the white tag be worn on your PFD?

A. Inside and worn next to the body.

Q. From what height are your chances of injury greatly increased?A. 30 feet or more.

Q. Can you wear a work vest as a primary floatation device?

A. No.

Q. What is the ideal height to enter the water?

A. Below 15 feet.

Transition: Transition students to the next enabling learning objective. After your break,

we will learn about Water Survival Techniques.

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B

B. Water Survival Techniques.

Motivator: As crewmembers aboard the various t es of watercraft that the Arm

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operates, it is quite possible that you might find yourself faced with the

prospect of facing prolonged periods in the water as a result of damage to

your vessel of falling overboard. Your very life may depend on how well you

learn the lessons you are about to receive.

Drowning is suffocation in the water. When the water closes over the mouth

and nose people are in such a position or condition that they cannot surface to

breathe, drowning occurs. There is no substitute for learning how to swim

and everyone should be encouraged to learn how. But swimming takes a

great deal of energy and there are times when even swimmers need other

techniques which will allow them to conserve energy and to remain afloat for

prolong periods of time.

ACTION: After this lesson unit, the student will describe the

techniques of drownproofing/water survival.

CONDITIONS: Given classroom instruction, use of class notes andFM 55-501.

STANDARD: The student must answer all check on learning

questions correctly.


Method of instruction: C/CVT

Instructor to student ratio is: 1:CTime of instruction: .4 hours.

Media VTC

1. Identify the meaning of drownproofing/water survival.

a. Drownproofing, also called water survival, is based on the natural

buoyancy of the human body when the lungs are filled with air. The

technique combines a series of basic skills and can keep a person afloat for a

long period of time with minimum effort and energy expended. It is adapted

from the technique called drownproofing which was originated by the late

Fred R. Lanoue, former professor of physical education and head swim coach

at the Georgia Institute of Technology.

b. This technique takes advantage of the fact that with the face-down

position in the water, the body will usually swing into a semi-vertical

position, but the face and head will remain just below the surface, thus

requiring little movement and energy to raise the face high enough to breathe.

Its intended to keep anyone alive in the water for a long period of time, even

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a nonswimmer who is fully clothed. The procedure can best be described in

five steps:

[1] The resting position: The swimmer takes a deep breath and holds it while

letting the arms and legs dangle freely. The face is kept down so that the

back of the head is at the surface. The swimmer rests and floats in this

vertical position for a few seconds.

See figure 1-5 on the next page for this section

[2] Preparing to exhale: While maintaining this body and head position, the

swimmer slowly and leisurely recovers or slowly lifts the arms to about

shoulder height. The swimmer slowly separates the legs into a scissors type

kick at the same time.

[3] Exhalation: The swimmer raises the head no higher than necessary for the

mouth to clear the surface. At the same time the individual exhales through

the mouth and nose. The eyes should be opened to help gauge and judge the

head and body levels.

[4] Inhalation: As soon as the head is vertical, the swimmer presses the arms

downward and brings the legs together. This easy downward pressure should

allow time for air to be breathed in through the mouth. The action of the

arms and legs should not be vigorous enough to lift the chin out of the water.

[5] Return to the resting position: The swimmer slowly allows the arms andlegs to move back to their free-dangling position, with face down in the water

and relaxes. The individual rests in this position until ready to exhale and

then repeats the cycle. If the individual tends to sink too far below the

surface when going back to the dangling or resting position, a downward

press or easy finning action of the arms will stop the sinking of the body and

help float it back to the surface. A slight scissor kick can also be combined to

arrest the sinking action.


Q. In drownproofing what type of kick is used?

A. The scissor-type kick.

Q. How many steps in drownproofing?

A. 5 steps.


[A statement describing what is to be done.]

NOTE: Show video of “Why Drown”, MF 20-256, 25 minutes.

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2. Performing Drownproofing Techniques.

Method of instruction: VTC

Instructor to student ratio is 1:C


Media VTC

NOTE: Show VCT “Why Drown”. Upon completion, critique the VCT.

a. The travel stroke - If it is necessary to move through the water

while conserving as much energy as possible, the travel stroke is used. Here

is how it is done:

[1] Take a deep breath and put your face in the water, arms at your side, feet

together and body horizontal.

[2] Prepare to breath; move your hands up alongside of your body to a position in front of your forehead and palms down; at the same time, spread

your legs in scissors fashion in preparation for a kick.

[3] Kick and exhale; bring your feet together quickly and exhale through your

nose and mouth. Raise your head slowly out of the water.

[4] Stroke and inhale; stroke a heart-shaped stroke with your hands, then

bring your hands back in front to your chest; at the same time, inhale through

your mouth.

[5] Put your head back in the water and spread your legs for another kick.

[6] Kick and level; extend your hands out in front and at the same time kick,

bringing your feet together.

[7] Stroke and glide; with your elbows locked, sweep your hands to the side.

[8] Continue the glide until your feet start to drop or another breath is

required.

b. Swimming through oil fires. Many times when vessels are damaged as a

result of a collision or acts of war there is a tremendous amount of burning

material on the surface of the water. If forced to swim through an oil fire the

most important thing to remember is to remain calm. Remember the fire is

only burning on the surface and it will be relatively easy to swim through the

fire if you keep calm. There are two types of oil fires, thick and thin oil fires.

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c. Four performances steps in swimming through a thin oil fire.

NOTE: WARNING. Keep your PFD on at all times.

[1] Enter the water from the windward side of the vessel (the direction from

which the wind blows), make sure you remove your head gear, glass,

contacts, dentures and any sharp objects. Check for debris. Placing feet first

one hand pinch nose, cover mouth and the other hand cover your eyes. Step

off into water.

[2] Bring your hands up in front of your face, elbows extended with the palms

half way out of the water.

3] Push the water out in front and continue the stroke until your arms are

straight out from the body. This is known as the modified breast stroke.

See figure 1 on page 17A

[4] Continue swimming until you are out of danger.

d. Seven performance steps in swimming through thick oil fires.

NOTE: WARNING. Because of the buoyancy a PFD cannot be worn while

attempting this procedure. It will allow you to swim below the fire burning

on the surface.

[1] Enter the water on the windward side of the vessel (the direction from

which the wind blows), make sure you remove your head gear, glasses,

contacts, dentures and sharp objects. Check for debris and toss your PFD

well over and away from the oil fire. Placing feet first, with one hand pinch

nose and cover mouth with the other hand cover eyes. Step off into the water.This is extremely important because even though the surface may not be

burning where you enter, there may be oil in the water.

[2] Level out under the surface of the water and start swimming.

[3] When you must breathe, surface in a straight up-and-down position with

your hands crossed above your head.

[4] Exhale about 75 percent of the air in your lungs before breaking the

surface.

[5] As soon as your hands break the surface, start beating away the burning

oil with a circular trashing motion.


[6] Fully inhale before submerging.

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[7] Continue swimming in this manner until out of danger from the burning

oil.



Check on

Learning

Q. After entering the water in a thick oil fire, what is the next step?

A. Level out underwater and start swimming.

Q. What do you do with your PFD before entering the water?

A. Throw it over the fire to a safe position where you’ll be swimming out of

danger.

c. Cold water survival. If you are involved in a ship casualty and are

forced to abandon ship, your survival procedure should be preplanned to

increase your chances for survival awaiting rescue. For instance, when the

water temperature is below 60 degrees you must try to get into an immersion

suit for protection against the cold. Such preventive measures are extremely

important and your survival will depend on the extent to which this is

accomplished. In addition to this there are factors which must be taken into

consideration:

[1] Put on as many warm clothes as possible, making sure to cover head,

neck, hands and feet.

[2] If an immersion suit is available put it on over your clothing.

NOTE: Inform students you should always have an immersion suit on when

abandoning ship.

[3] If the immersion suit does not have inherent floatation, put on a PFD.

[4] Maintain a good body position while in the water. Float as still as

possible in the fetal position with elbows close to your side and arms folded

across the front of your PFD. This position is known to minimize the

exposure of the body surface to the cold water. Try to keep your head and

neck out of the water. Another heat conserving position is to huddle closely

to others in the water, making as much body contact as possible. This

position is known as Buddying Up. You must be wearing a PFD to be able to

hold all these positions in the water.

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[5] Try to board a lifeboat, raft or other floating objects as soon as possible in

order to shorten your immersion time. In temperatures of below 70 percent,

people may go into a Diving Reflex. In this condition the nervous system

cuts off the flow of blood to all parts of the body except the brain and lungs.

The heart slows so much that it can’t be heard without special instruments.

The result is that a victim can exist in a seemingly dead state for up to anhour, depending on the victim’s age and temperature of the water.

Remember, you lose body heat many times faster in the water than in air.

[6] Do not use drownproofing in cold water. Drownproofing is a technique to

relax in the water and allow your head to submerge between breaths. It is an

energy saver in warm water when you are not wearing a PFD. However, the

head and neck are high heat loss areas and must be kept above the water.

That is why it is so important to wear a PFD in cold water. If you are not

wearing a PFD, tread water only as much as necessary to keep your head out.

[7] Keep a positive attitude. Your will to live does make a difference.

NOTE: Conduct a check on learning and summarize the learning activity.

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SECTION IV - SUMMARY

Method of instruction: C



Review/

Summarize

Lesson

Check on

Learning

Determine if students have learned the material presented by --


Q. What type of stroke is used when swimming through a thin oil fire?

A. The modified breast stroke.

Q. At what temperature does diving reflex begin?

A. Below 70 degree.

Q. How long can you survive in cold water?

A. Up to 1 hour in a seemingly dead state.

a. Soliciting questions and explanations.

b. Asking questions and getting answers from the students.

c. Correcting student misunderstandings.

Transition

To Next

Lesson

Transition students to the next enabling Learning objective, the

Watersurvival/Drownproofing hands-on practical exercise.

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SECTION V - STUDENT EVALUATION

Testing

Require-

ments

Describe how the student must demonstrate accomplishment of the

TLO.

This POI File Number is examinable in IBM Examination 9|G6-101-02,

Performance Test 9G6-301-04 and IBM Examination 9G6-601-16 (MCE).

NOTE: Refer student to the Student Evaluation Plan

Feedback

Requirement

a. Schedule and provide feedback on the evaluation and any

information to help answer students’ questions about the test.

b. Provide remedial training as needed.

NOTE: Rapid, immediate feedback is essential to effective learning.

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PRACTICAL EXERCISE SHEET NO.

Title Watersurvival/Drownproofing.

Intro-

Duction

Motivator

Using personnel experience or a related story, give brief explanation why this

lesson unit is important to the student.

Terminal

Learning

Objective

Note: Inform the students of the following terminal learning

objective requirements.

At the completion of this lesson you [the student] will:

ACTION: Demonstrate proficiency at performing the procedures

and techniques of donning a lifejacket and entering the

water, techniques of swimming through flames; and

performing the hang float, travel stroke , and cold water

survival measures.

CONDITIONS: Given a demonstration, a lifejacket and in-door

swimming pool.

STANDARD: The students will complete PE 421-130 IAW the

standards described in STP 55-88K14-SM-TG.

SafetyRequire-

ments

There are special safety requirements for this lesson unit. See the“SAFETY ANNEX’ enclosed at the back of this lesson unit.

Risk

Assessment

Level

Medium.

Environmental

Considerations

None.

EvaluationThis lesson unit is examinable on IBM Examination 9G6-101-02,Performance Test 9G6-301-04 and IBM Examination 9G6-601-16 (MTE).

Instructional

Lead-in

This Practical Exercise re uires an in-door ool, Nav Standard Personal

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Resource

Require-

ments

Floatation devices (4 per class of 24), a life guard, other than the instructor

presenting the class. Students must have swim suits and towel.

SpecialInstructions

Particular attention must be paid to SAFETY considerations and the “Rules

of the Pool” for the location in use.

Procedures

Complete the Practical Exercise.

Feedback

Require-

ments

Schedule and provide feedback on the practical exercise and any

information to help answer student questions about the test.

Provide remedial training as needed.

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U.S. ARMY TRANSPORTATION SCHOOL

WATERCRAFT OPERATOR COURSE

PRACTICAL EXERCISE: 421-130 Section I

SAFETY

The purpose of this Practical Exercise is to practice the

WATERSURVIVAL/DROWNPROOFING skills learned in the classroom. Instructors must

exercise extreme caution at all times while dealing with students in the water. Some of the

students may be non-swimmers or weak swimmers. Regardless of the perceived ability of the

class, the safety procedures stated in this exercise will be strictly adhered to at all times.

GENERAL CLASS GUIDELINES.

1. All training sessions in the pool will be conducted by a minimum of two instructors.

Instructors will not act as lifeguards. The Anderson Field House Indoor Pool must furnish the

required number of lifeguards as prescribed in their SOP. At least one of the instructors will be

certified by the RED CROSS as a lifeguard.

2. Your most important responsibility is to the safety of the students. Your second

responsibility is the rescue and emergency care of an accident victim. No other duty or

responsibility will be allowed to interfere with these two functions.

3. Prior to any instruction in the pool, the instructor in charge will brief all assistant

instructors on their responsibilities and the provisions of this safety annex. A complete

understanding of all procedures, safety guidelines and emergency procedures will be had by all

before the class commences. An emergency plan will be developed and fully understood by all

instructors which will cover the procedures to follow in the event of an accident. The following points will be considered as a minimum;

a. The emergency signal.

b. Rescue procedures and the emergency care of any victims.

c. Procedures to follow to notify the authorities for assistance. The telephone

numbers for dispatch of an ambulance will be provided to each instructor.

d. The location of all emergency equipment will be discussed. The use of safety

and rescue equipment will be discussed as the primary means for aiding a swimmer in distress.

e. Supervision and control procedures to be followed during class.

f. The importance of maintaining vigilance at all times. This means not only

watching for trouble, but looking for signs of extreme anxiousness nor any sign that may indicate

possible trouble for a student. Any person who is judged to be demonstrating abnormal behavior

will be identified to the instructor in charge immediately.

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4. A safety briefing will be conducted by the instructor in charge for every class

BEFORE EVERY POOL SESSION. As a minimum, the following provisions will be covered;

a. The “BUDDY” system will be employed during all pool sessions. Each

person in the class will be paired off with a “buddy” who is responsible for remaining with his or

her “buddy” at all times. Instructors will emphasize the importance of remaining with the

“buddy” at all times in or out of the water.

b. No one will be allowed in the pool unsupervised.

c. The pool layout will be briefed to include the location of the nearest

telephone and the depths of water around the pool.

d. Non-swimmers will be identified by wearing a T-shirt in the water and around

the pool at all times.

e. Discuss running, pushing and bolsterous play which is not allowed under any

circumstances.

f. Brief any special rule established by the pool facility whether they are posted

or not. Included in these are;

[1] Running in the pool area.

[2] Horseplay.

[3] No diving from shallow end.

[4] No swimming during break.

[5] No entering the pool unless directed.

[6] Use of the ladder when entering/exiting the pool.

[7] Spitting, nose blowing, urinating in the pool.

[8] No chewing gum in the pool.

[9] One person on the diving board at a time.

[10] No rescue by students.

[11] Notify instructor of any problems.

[12] Shower before entering pool.

[13] Students will not wear;

[a] Cut off shorts.

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[b] Shoes.

[c] Goggles.

[d] Ear plugs.

[e] Nose plugs.

[f] Watches, rings, dog tags, or jewelry of any kind.

[g] Partial or complete dentures

[h] Eye glasses or contact lenses.

g. Brief the intent of the class. This may well be the most important point you will

cover. The class must understand the importance of the techniques that will be learned without

being pressured into any act that they do not want to do. There is to be NO harassment, pressure

or intimidation to perform any skill by any individual. If an individual expresses a desire NOT to

perform a task, he or she will be counseled on the importance of the task relative to class

standing. After counseling, if the student maintains the same position no further actions will be

taken in an effort to “make” them participate. NO ONE WILL BE FORCED TO DO

ANYTHING.

h. The grading system to be employed will be fully briefed so that all students

understand the consequences of failure to perform a task and that it is possible for certain tasks to

be omitted without failing this practical exercise or the Performance Test 9G6-302-05.

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DEMONSTRATION

NOTE: The following tasks will be demonstrated/performed by the instructor.

*Indicates items also tested on the performance test 9G6-302-05.

1. 50 meter swim.

2. Don the lifejacket.*

3. Drownproofing (Hanging float).

4. Enter the water with a life jacket on * (from a height).

5. Perform the travel stroke.*

6. Swim through thin oil, flames and debris.*

7. Swim through thick oil, flames and debris.*

8. Perform cold water survival measures at sea.*

END OF DEMONSTRATION

HANDS-ON PRACTICAL EXERCISE

NOTE: Divide the class into groups of six. Only six students in the pool at a time.

NOTE: Give the class breaks at points YOU fees prudent.

NOTE: Begin the Practical Exercise.

1. Don the lifejacket (all groups together).

2. Enter the water from a height with a lifejacket on (1 group).

3. Swim through thin oil fire (1 group).

4. Perform cold water survival measures at sea (1 group).

5. Swim through a thick oil fire (1 group).

6. Perform the travel stroke (1 group).

7. Drownproofing (1 group).

NOTE: Continue exercise until all student have practiced all tasks.

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NOTE: Secure from Practical Exercise.

NOTE: Critique the Practical Exercise.

NOTE: As this is a subjective Practical Exercise, there is no written Solution Sheet

Section II.

88K13A02

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