8.1 THE COVALENT BOND “All I ever needed to know, I learned in kindergarten.”
24
8.1 THE COVALENT BOND “All I ever needed to know, I learned in kindergarten.”
-
Upload
millicent-mason -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
Transcript of 8.1 THE COVALENT BOND “All I ever needed to know, I learned in kindergarten.”
8.1 THE
COVALENT BOND
“All I ever needed to know, I learned in
kindergarten.”
REVIEW ON IONIC COMPOUNDS
An ionic compound is made of a cation of a
METAL NONMETAL METALLOID
and an anion of a
METAL NONMETAL METALLOID
(or the cation can be ammonium, and the anion can be a negative polyatomic ion.)
Why are a metal and a nonmetal usually needed to form an ionic bond?
Review of making anionic compound
A molecular compound is usually made of
Explain .
The chemical bond that results from atoms sharing valence electrons is called a
When two or more atoms bond covalently a
___________________ is formed. When 2 atoms of the same or different element(s) form covalent bonds, they
are called ______________________________________.The hydrogen molecule above is an example of this, as is a chlorine molecule.
__________shared electrons. So do the bonds in water. These
are called _________________________________ bonds.
In this type of covalent bond, the 2 bonding electrons spend most of their time between the nuclei. This is called a
_____________________________ bond.
Single, covalent bonds are always sigma bonds.
The bonds in H2 and Cl2 each consist of
There is a diatomic molecule you must you take in constantly, or you will become “brain dead” in 6-10 minutes. What is it? How can it be happy?
The other element you are constantly breathing in is
____________________________. It is also diatomic. How can it be “happy?”
How can 4 or 6 electrons (a double or triple bond) be shared between the nuclei of 2 atoms? Only two electrons can occupy a particular
area in space.
The first bond in a double or triple bond is always a sigma bond; i.e., the bonding electrons are
_________________ the 2 nuclei. The second (and third)
bonds are called ___________ bonds.
In a double bond, the second pair of bonding electrons
spend their time _______________________________
the sigma pair. In a triple bond, the third pair spends its
time _____________________________ of the sigma pair
Single bond = ________ bond
Double bond = ________ bond + ________ bond
Triple bond = _________ bond + ___ ________ bonds
In an EXOTHERMIC ENDOTHERMIC reaction, heat is given off.It feels HOT COLD
In an EXOTHERMIC ENDOTHERMIC reaction, heat is absorbed from the surrounding.It feels HOT COLD
8.1 continued: The elements of molecular
compounds
Halogens have _____ valence electrons. They want _____ more electron. Therefore, they prefer to make ______ bond.
Group 16 has ____ valence electrons, so its elements want ____ more electrons. Therefore they prefer to make _______ bonds.
Group 15 has ____ valence electrons, so its elements want ____ more electrons. Therefore they prefer to make ________ bonds.
Group 14 has ____ valence electrons, so its elements want ____ more electrons. Therefore they prefer to make ________ bonds.
What compounds would these elements make with hydrogen?
COMMON NAMES
1. chlorine ________________
2. oxygen ________________
3. nitrogen ________________
4. carbon ________________
The elements found in nature in the human body are shown below:RED = most abundantBLUE = found in lesser amountsGREEN = trace amountsNote that the most common elements in the human body are all nonmetals…
The human body and most life as we know it is primarily made of
these nonmetals: oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen
