8 stages of genocide
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Transcript of 8 stages of genocide
The Eight Stages of Genocide
Genocide is a process that develops in eight stages that are predictable but not inexorable (at each stage, preventive measures can stop it).
ClassificationUs vs. Them: Groups are divided
based on differences
SymbolizationSymbols forced upon groups to
distinguish them.
DehumanizationMembers seen as animals, diseases,
non-human. At this stage, hate propaganda in print and on hate radios is used to vilify the victim group.
OrganizationTrained units or armies to carry out
acts of violence
PolarizationUsing propaganda- either with “us” or
with “them.” Extremists drive the groups apart and target the moderates, intimidating and silencing the center.
Identification
Victims identified and separated from the rest of society due to race, ethnicity or religion
ExterminationQuickly becomes the mass killing
legally called genocide. It is extermination to the killers because they do not see the victims as human.
DenialThe 8th stage that always follows a
genocide. Perpetrators deny crimes were committed.
The 8 Stages of Genocide in the Holocaust
ClassificationHolocaust: German vs. Jew “
Jews are forced tocarry anti-Semitic signs.
SymbolizationHolocaust: Jews were forced to wear
the yellow star under Nazi rule
DehumanizationHolocaust: Anti-Semitic posters,
children’s books, radio stations used to implant idea that Jews are less than human
A page of The Poisonious Mushroom, an anti-Semitic novel forchildren. The page shows children how to identify a Jew: “The Jewish nose is crooked at its tip. It looks like the number 6.”
OrganizationHolocaust: German police, Jewish
police (that the Nazi’s organized), Gestapo, and S.S. were used to find, assault, and kill Jews
A damaged lintel above a Torah ark in a synagogue in Nentershausen. Synagogues were burned, Jewish homes were looted, and 91 Jews died. Gestapo, supported by local armed police, arrested approximately 30,000 Jews and deported them to death camps.
Polarization
Holocaust: Propaganda continues and increases. Moderates who are most able to stop the genocide are arrested and killed
German propaganda campaign climaxes in the daysleading up to invasion of the Warsaw.
IdentificationHolocaust: Jews are segregated into
ghettos and deported into concentration camps
The sealing of the Warsaw Ghetto in 1939.
ExterminationHolocaust: concentration camp mass
murders
DenialHolocaust: Perpetrators dug up
mass graves, burned bodies, attempted to cover up evidence, blamed victims, and blocked the investigations of the crimes