8 Basic First Aid 21

8/6/2019 8 Basic First Aid 21

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ACCIDENT AND FIRST AIDACCIDENT AND FIRST AID

1. ACCIDENTS: DEFINITION

2. CAUSES and PREVENTION

3. REPORTING

4. INJURIES DISEASES AND DANGEROUS OCCURRENCES

5. RESPONSIBILITIES

6. FIRST AID



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ACCIDENTACCIDENT

WHAT IS AN ACCIDENT

´An unplanned event, which results

in injury to a person or damage toproperty / environment or both.µ



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ACCIDENTACCIDENT

WHAT IS REPORTED TO

WHOM?

All injuries at work, no matter how

trivial must be reported initially to

the EMPLOYER and recorded(Accident Book).

PURPOSE:

Protect employee in the event of afuture claim.

Employer must be told so he can

take remedial action to preventrecurrence



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REPORTABLE ACCIDENTS/ EVENTSREPORTABLE ACCIDENTS/ EVENTS

The HSE, or Local Authority must be contacted:

Immediately (by phone) if:

Fatal, Major Injury or Dangerous Occurrence

Within 24 hours if:

any injury causes

3 days absence / inability

to do normal job.



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MAJOR INJURIESMAJOR INJURIES

EXAMPLES INCLUDE Fractures, except finger, thumb, or toe.

Amputation involving severing of bone or

joint.

Dislocation of the shoulder, hip, knee or

spine.

Loss of sight, penetrating injury, chemical or

hot metal burn to an eye.

Loss of consciousness from lack of oxygen or

exposure to harmful substances.

Acute illness through absorption or exposure

to pathogen / infected material.

Anything resulting in hospitalisation for more

than 24 hours.

Hypothermia or

Heat Stress.



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DANGEROUS OCCURRENCESDANGEROUS OCCURRENCES

EXAMPLES INCLUDE:1. Collapse - Scaffold / Structure.

2. Overturning crane or fork-lift truck.

3. Explosion / bursting - closed vessel, or pipeline with lethal potential.

4. Collapse of plus 5 tonnes of walls/floors of building or structure beingworked on.

5. Electrical fire / explosion causing 24 hrs work stoppage.

6. Contact with / discharge from overhead power-lines.

7. BA malfunction.8. Unsafe Radiography Equipment.

9. And others



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REPORTABLE DISEASESREPORTABLE DISEASES

IMMEDIATELY NOTIFY HSE AUTHORITYExamples Include

1. Poisoning at Work

2. Skin Diseases - Dermatitis, Cancer, Oil Acne etc

3. Lung Diseases - Asthma, Pneumoconiosis Asbestosis etc

4. Infections - Wails Disease, Anthrax, Tetanus etc

5. Other work related disabilities - Cancer, Musculoskeletal disorders,

6. Decompression illness,H

and-Arm vibration syndrome, VW

F etc.



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EMPLOYEES RESPONSIBILITIESEMPLOYEES RESPONSIBILITIES

DUTIES UNDER HASAWA In the event of an injury, or dangerous occurrence the Act requires

employees to:

1. Report the incident.

2. Co-operate with the investigation.A. Answering questions, if asked.

B. Making a written statement, if required.



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75% of Accidents deemed Foreseeable.

If Foreseeable - Then Preventable!

Accident caused byAccident caused by

UNSAFE ACTS

Safety person strategy

Training / competency

Experience

Supervision

Rules / short cuts

Behaviour

PPE if necessary

UNSAFE CONDITIONS

Safe place strategy (The law!)

Planning

Layout

Tools/equipments

Clean / tidy

Protection / grading

Signs/ warning

OR

PREVENTED BY



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ACCIDENTS SOURCESACCIDENTS SOURCES

HSE analysis 50% management failure

18% worker error

12% joint responsibility

1% RANDOM

19% UNFORSEEABLE / UNDETERMINED



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ACCIDENT PREVENTIONACCIDENT PREVENTION

FACTORS 1. Hazard Spotting Alertness

2. Reporting Actual and Potential

3. Attitude Personal Environment

4. Unsafe Conditions Workplace

´YOUR ATTITUDEµ



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FIRST AIDFIRST AID

DEFINITION

1. The treatment to Preserve life, Prevent further injury and Promote

recovery until professional medical attention is available.

2. The treatment for minor injuries, not requiring the services of a

doctor.



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FIRST AID AT WORK REGULATIONS 1981FIRST AID AT WORK REGULATIONS 1981

- Adequate facilities MUST be available at all times whenever people are atwork.

- First Aid kit and trained personnel:

Appointed Person (1 day basic course) and / or Trained first-aiders (4 day course -

approved by HSE)

APPROVED CODE OF PRACTICE Low Risk Environment (Shops, Offices)

- At least one first-aider for up to 50, plus one every 100 employees:

at least two between 100 and 200.

Medium Risk Environment (Warehouses, Light Engineering)

- At least one Appointed Person for less than 20 employee·s.

- At least one first aider 20- 50 employees.

- Two first-aiders 50 - 100 employees.



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FIRST AIDFIRST AID

EMPLOYERS· DUTIES

1. Provide adequate and appropriate equipment for the work being

done.

2. Appoint sufficient trained people.

3. Inform the workforce of the arrangements.



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FACILITIES REQUIREDFACILITIES REQUIRED

Minimum Requirement is First Aid box containing

- Plasters, Bandages, Dressings - No Drugs (Aspirin)

¶APPOINTED PERSON· to provide First Aid Cover. Then: Adequate other

Facilities depending on:-

- Number of Employees

- Nature of Work (How Hazardous)

- Distribution ofWorkers

- Location of site (Proximity to Medical Services)

- Shift Working (All Shifts must be covered)

May need dedicated First Aid Room or a Medical Centre, with TrainedPersonnel.

Emergency showers required if there is a risk of skin contamination by

harmful or offensive substances.

Sterile saline in sealed containers required if there is a risk of eye

contamination.



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FIRST AIDFIRST AID

EMPLOYEES· DUTIES

1. Take reasonable care of own

health.

2. Consider others around you.

3. Inform the employer of anycondition that may affect safety.

4. Inform the employer of any

condition that may affect first aid

treatment.



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FIRST Ensure the Safety to yourself and the casualty and raise the alarm.SECOND Make area safe - Summon help if necessary.

THIRD Give Emergency Aid.

RESUSCITATION - ONLY IF TRAINED AND COMPETENT.

A B C

A is for Airway B is for breathing C is for Circulation

RECOVERY POSITION

THEN: - STOP BLEEDING - IMMOBILISE FRACTURES - TREAT FOR MEDICAL SHOCK.

DO NOT MOVE CASUALTY UNLESS ESSENTIAL.

DO NOT ADD TO CASUALTIES BY PUTTING YOURSELF AT RISK.

Priorities in First AidPriorities in First Aid



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SOME SIMPLE RULESSOME SIMPLE RULES

1. Electric Shock -DO NOT touch the casualty until all power is switched off.

2. Broken Bones -

DO NOT move the casualty unless in imminent danger.

3. Burns and Scalds -

Flush with water - do not remove clothing or break blisters.

4. Chemical Burns -

Avoid contaminating yourself. Remove clothing not stuck to skin.

Flush with water.

5. Gassing -

Use RPE and move to fresh air.

6. Eyes -

Wash out foreign bodies or chemicals with water.



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SUMMARYSUMMARY

Action for Accidents, Injuries, Occupational Diseases, or DangerousOccurrences.

1. The Need for Reporting.

2. Accident Prevention.

3. Accident Book.

4. Duties of Employers.

5. Duties of Employees.

6. First Aid in the Workplace.

Safety Train©

8 Basic First Aid 21

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