7A MP3 Review PPT

1. The problem of an experiment is in the form of a ____.

• Question2. A ______ is an educated guess to

the problem of the experiment. • Hypothesis3. The ___________ states whether your

hypothesis is correct or incorrect.• Conclusion4. What would make the results of an

experiment carried out by a research team valid?

• The experiment was repeated and the sample size was increased.

5.

1

6.The ___________ states whether your hypothesis is correct or incorrect.

• Conclusion7.What would make the results of an

experiment carried out by a research team valid?

• The experiment was repeated and the sample size was increased.

8. To measure the volume of an irregular solid, a student can use

a. a triple beam balanceb. a beakerc. displacement in a graduated

cylinderd. a thermometer

c

0 1 2 3 4cm

8mm

9. What is the length of the object in millimeters? Centimeters?

0.8cm

0 1 2 3 4cm

10. What is the length of the object in centimeters? 2.8cm

11. Volume = ? Show all work

5.6 cm8.4 cm

6.4 cm

•V = L x W x H•V = 6.4 x 5.6 x 8.4•V = 301.1 cm³

12. Measure the volume of the liquid to the right.

13. Measure the volume of the liquid to the left.

2mL 49mL

14.Osmium is a very dense metal.

a. What is its density in g/cm3 if 50.00 g of the metal occupies a volume of 2.22cm3? Show all work.

D = mass = 50.00 g = volume 2.22 cm3

D = 22.5 g/cm3

b. Will this object float in water? Why or why not?

No, it will not float because it’s density is greater than the density of water. It will sink.

c. If you cut this object into 4 pieces what will be the density of each piece ? 22.5 g/cm3

15. Give the name and function of each structure labeled.

A – Ocular lens/eyepiece: used to look at specimen

B – Fine adjustment: to focus specimen under high power

C – Arm: to hold microscope

D – Objective lens: used to magnify image

E – Coarse adjustment: to focus specimen under low power

F – Diaphragm – adjust amount of light

E

F

16. What was the highest possible magnification that can be obtained when using this microscope?

Highest:• 40 x 10 = 400xLowest: • 10 x 10 = 100x

E

F

17. Which structure can only be used to focus the specimen under high power? Support your answer.

The fine adjustment can only be used because using the coarse adjustment under high power can break the objective lens or the slide.

18. The diagram represents a cell in the field of view of a compound light microscope. In which direction should the slide be moved on the microscope stage to center the cell in the field of view?

Towards C

19. The diagram represents a hydra as viewed with a compound light microscope. If the hydra moves to the right of the slide preparation, which diagram below best represents what will be viewed through the microscope? 2

20. How is the total magnification of a microscope calculated?

• Eyepiece magnifications x objective lens magnification

21. What is the total magnification produced by a microscope, using a 10X ocular lens and a 10X objective lens?

• 10 x 10• 100x

22. The diagram represents the field of view of a compound light microscope. Three unicellular organisms are located across the diameter of the field. What is the approximate length of each unicellular organism?

1) 250 um 2) 500 um 3) 1,000 um 4) 1,500 um

2

23. Determine the diameter of the field of view below in millimeters and micrometers.

3.5 mm 3500 um

24. Determine the diameter of the field of view below in millimeters and micrometers.

3.8 mm 3800 um

25. The diameter is 1800 um. What is the length of the letter?

900 um, 0.9 mm

26. What is the length of one cell?

0.1 mm

400/4 = 100 um

27. Identify the six kingdoms.

ArchaebacteriaEubacteriaProtistsFungiPlantsAnimals

28. Identify the kingdom each organism belongs to.

a. Yeast• fungia. Maple tree• plantc. Mushroom• fungid. Lizard• animale. Paramecium• protistf. Found in hot

springs• archaebacteria

g. Moss•planth. Insect•animali.Amoeba•protistj. Bacteria that causes strep throat•eubacteriak. Algae•protist

29. Acer saccharum is the scientific name for the sugar maple tree. Acer is the name of the tree's

1. genus 2. phylum 3. species 4. kingdom

130. Which kingdom consists of organisms in

which its genetic information is found in the cytoplasm?

a. Fungib. Archaebacteriac. Protistd. Plant

b

31. Which life process involves producing energy?•Respiration32. If you cannot make your own food you are known as a ____.•heterotroph33. Explain the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.•Aerobic respiration requires oxygen while anaeroboc does not require oxygen.34. Plants carry out ______ nutrition.•autotrophic

35. Control and coordination of all life processes is known as ____.

• Regulation36. What is homeostasis?• Maintaining a stable, internal environment.

37. Which life process involves the joining of smaller molecules to make one larger molecule?

• Synthesis

38. What are the 3 parts of the Cell Theory?

1. Cells are the basic unit of structure in all living things.

2. Cells are the basic unit of function in all living things.

3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.

39. Which statement is not a part of the cell theory?

(1) Cells are the basic unit of structure of living things.

(2) Cells are the basic unit of function of living things.

(3) Cell parts such as chloroplasts are self-replicating.

(4) Cells come from preexisting cells.

3

40. Give the cell organelle that performs each function.

a. Transport materials throughout the cell

• ERb. Protein

production• ribosomec. Digests food• lysosomed. Regulates what

enters and leaves the cell

• Cell membranee. Produces energy• respiration

f. Controls all cell activities

• nucleusg. Holds cell

organelles• cytoplasmh. Site of

photosynthesis• photosynthesisi. Used in cell

division in animal cells

• centriolesj. Gives plant cell

shape and support• Cell wall k. Stores materials• vacuoles

41. Identify all the organelles labeled and give the function of each. Nucleus: controls all

cell activities

Vacuole: stores materials

Ribosome: produces proteins

Cell membrane: controls what enters and leaves the cell

Mitochondria: produces energy

42. a. What type of cell is represented?

•animal

b. What is structure B? What is the function of this structure?

•Nucleus – controls cell

c. What is the function of structure C?

•Stores materials.

d. Explain how structure A maintains homeostasis within the cell?

•It controls what enters and leaves the cell

43. Identify the structures labeled and the function of each.

1- nucleus: controls all cell activities

2 – nucleolus: produces ribosomes

3 – cell membrane: controls what enters and exits the cell

4 – cytoplasm: holds cell organelles

5 – cell wall: keeps plant cells rigid and supports plant cell

6 – vacuole: stores materials7 - chloroplast: site of photosynthesis

44. One difference between plant and animal cells is that animal cells do not have

(1)a nucleus    (2)chloroplasts(3)a cell membrane (4)centrioles

245. Which is found in the nucleus? (1.) ribosome (2.) vacuole (3.) lysosome  (4.) chromosome

4

46. Whitney observes a cell under the microscope. She identifies it as a green plant cell and not a cheek cell because of a (1.) nucleus (2.) cell membrane (3.) chloroplast (4.) mitochondrion 3

47. Label the animal cell below.

mitochondria

Vacuole

ER

Cell membrane

48. Identify the organelle being described.a. Gives plant cells firm regular shape. •Cell wallb. Site of protein manufacture. •ribosomesc. Keeps cell contents separate from external environment. •Cell membraned. Substance produced by ribosomes.•Proteinse. Power-house of the cell. •mitochondria

Plant cells contain a cell wall and chloroplast while animal cells do not.

49.

50.

4

51.

52.

3

1

53. Which sequence of terms is in the correct order from simplest to most complex?(1) cells, tissues, organs, organ systems  (2) tissues, organisms, cells, organ systems(3) cells, tissues, organ systems, organs(4) organs, organisms, organ systems, cells

1

54.

55.

4

2

56. C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6 H2O + X

a. What is the name of the process represented above?

• Aerobic respirationb. Where does this process occur? • mitochondriac. What molecule does X represent?• ATPd. How many ATP are produced?• 36e. What materials are needed for this process to

occur?• Glucose, oxygenf. What are the products of this reaction?• Carbon dioxide, water, ATP (energy)

57. In the presence of oxygen, __ molecules of ATP can be formed.

(1)2      (2) 19     (3) 36          (4) 63

3

58. a.What type of transport does this picture represent?•Active transportb. Explain your answer. •Substances are moving from low to high concentration

59. What happens to a cell if placed in salt water?

• Lose water shrivels up

60. Identify each labeled structure in the atom. Describe the charge for each particle.A

B

C

A – ElectronElectrons have a negative charge.

B – NeutronNeutrons have no charge (neutral).

C - ProtonProtons have a positive charge.

61. Identify the different phases of matter.• Solid, liquid, gas, plasma62. The particles of a substance are closest

together in a __.• Solid63. The particles of a substance that does not

have a definite volume or shape is ____.• gas64. Identify the different phases of matter,

shown in the diagram below.

A B Cgas liqu

idsolid

65.

2

66. What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

Give an example of each.• Physical = change the

appearance of the substance, not its composition

• Ex = melting, freezing, ripping, crushing

• Chemical = change in composition of substance

• Ex = burning, rusting

67. Explain some of the properties of metals.

• They are malleable, ductile, have luster, and are good conductors of heat and electricity

68. Explain some of the properties of nonmetals.

• They are brittle, have no luster and they are not good conductors of heat and electricity.

b. The elements oxygen, sulfur, selenium and tellurium are all found in the same group (16) on the table. What do we know about the elements in that family?

They have the same (BUT NOT IDENTICAL) properties.

69.

a. What element is in period 3, group 15?P (phosphorus)

70. Explain the difference between an acid and a base.

• An acid has an excess of H+ ions and a base has an excess of OH- ions.

71. What does the pH scale measure?

• The strength of an acid or base.

72. Classify each of the following as acidic, neutral, or basic

a. pH = 2.3

• Acidic

b. pH = 6.5

• Acidic

c. pH = 8.5

• basic

d. pH = 11.7• basic

e. pH = 13.4

• Basic

f. pH = 7.0

• neutral

73. Identify structures that make up your skeletal system. •Bones, ligaments, tendons, cartilage74. Describe the difference between tendons and ligaments. •Ligaments connect bones while tendons connect muscles to bones.75. Where is cartilage found?•Makes up the ears and nose, in between vertebrae, ends of bones, newborn skeleton

76. Describe 5 functions of the skeletal system. • Movement

• Protects organs and tissues• Produces blood cells

• Gives body shape and support• Stores calcium and phosphorus

77. Identify the muscle type described.

a. Attached to bones. • skeletalb. Involuntary and

striated.• cardiacc. Lines the digestive

tract and blood vessels.

• smoothd. Voluntary.• skeletale. Only found in the

heart. • cardiac

f. Not striated and involuntary.•smoothg. Branched fibers.•cardiach. Make up your arteries.•smoothi.Help you write down your notes. •skeletal

78. Identify each structure labeled in the diagram.

oral cavity/mouth

stomachpancreas

small intestinerectum

gall bladder

large intestine

79. Where does protein digestion begin?

80. What is the function of F?

81. Where are nutrients absorbed into the blood?

In the stomach

Absorb water

In the small intestine/villi

82. What does C produce? Where does it go?

83. What is the function of G?

84. Chemical digestion is completed in this structure.

85. What type of digestion occurs in A?

Pancreatic juiceSmall

intestine/duodenum

store bile

small intestine/duodenum

mechanical and chemical

86. What is structure F? What is the function of this substance?

•Liver - produces bile (that emulsifies fat)

87. Identify structure B. What kind of digestion occurs here?

•Stomach – mechanical

88. What is the function of structure A?

•Pushes food into the stomach by peristalsis

89. Where does mechanical digestion begin? How?•Mouth – teeth grind up food

90. Where does chemical digestion begin? How?•Mouth – ptyalin/salivary amylase in saliva starts to chemically break down starches into sugar

91. Where does chemical digestion end?•Duodenum (small intestine)

92. Where does most chemical digestion occur?•Duodenum (small intestine)

93. Where and how are nutrients absorbed once food has been completely broken down. •They are absorbed in the villi of the small intestine by diffusion.

94. What enzyme is found in saliva? What does it break down?•Salivary amylase/ptylin•Carbohydrates (starches sugar)

95. What enzyme is produced in the stomach? What does it break down?•Pepsin•protein

96. Explain what occurs in capillaries and why.

The exchange or diffusion of substances into or out of the capillary. Capillaries are extremely small and have a VERY thin lining that allows for diffusion to occur.

97. Identify the part of blood being described.

a. Most numerous blood cell.

• Red blood cellsb. Carries enzymes.• plasmac. Involved in blood

clotting.• plateletsd. Carries oxygen.• Red blood cells

e. Largest blood cell.•White blood cellsf. Made up of 90% water.•plasmag. Involved in blood clotting.•plateletsh. Protect the body against disease.•White blood cellsi. Carries hormones.•plasma

19. Which statement best describes the activities of the parts of the blood shown in the diagram below?

a. A and B kill germs, and C carries oxygen. b. A, B, and C produce hemoglobin. c. B and C kill germs, and A carries nutrients. d. A carries oxygen, B starts clotting, and C

kills germs.

A

B

C

98

4

99. Identify the blood vessel described.

a. Carry blood towards the heart.

• veinsb. Thickest blood

vessel.• arteriesc. Where the

diffusion of substances occurs.

• capillariesd. Contain valves.• veins

e. Blood vessel used when measuring pulse rate.•arteriesf. Thinnest blood vessel•capillariesg. Blood flows through with a lot of pressure.•arteriesh. Very elastic.•arteries

100. What is pathogen?•Disease causing organism (germ)101. How does the skin protect the body?•It prevents pathogens from entering the body.102. What is an antigen?•On pathogen – substance that causes immune response. What antibodies latch onto to slow down pathogens.

103. Explain how wbc’s can protect the body against

disease.

Wbc’s produce antibodies and memory cells when a pathogen (antigen) enter the body.

104. Vaccinations help prepare the body to fight invasions of a specific pathogen by

1.inhibiting antigen production

2.stimulating antibody production

3.inhibiting white blood cell production

4.stimulating red blood cell production

2

105. Resistance to a specific disease is a(n)

a. antibiotic.   b. immunity.   c. white blood cells.   d.

addiction

106. Once you have had the chicken pox, it is unlikely that you will ever get the disease again because your body has developed a(n)

a. passive immunity.  b. addiction.   c. active immunity.   d.

antibiotic.

b

c

107. Which is the correct sequence for the path of oxygen through the respiratory system?

Nasal cavityPharynxLarynxTracheaBronchiBronchiolesAlveoli

108. The tubes that branch from the trachea are the

• bronchi

109. The dome shaped muscle below the chest cavity is called the

• diaphragm

110. During swallowing, the trachea is covered by the

• epiglottis

111. Alveoli in the lungs are connected to the bronchi by a network of tiny tubes called

• bronchioles

112. What happens to each of the following during inhalation?

a.Diaphragm• Moves down (contracts)

b. Rib cage• expandsc. Pressure in chest cavity

• decreases

113. What happens to each of the following during exhalation?

a.Diaphragm• Moves up (relaxes)

b. Rib cage• Comes back inc. Pressure in chest cavity

• increases

114. Identify the structures labeled in the diagram.

A – nasal cavity

B – pharynxC – larynxD – tracheaE – bronchiF – bronchiolesG – lungH - diaphragm

A

BC

D

EFG

H

115. Which organ produces urea?

116. What is the function of D?

B - liver

•Filter wastes from blood

•Regulate water concentration of blood.

•Produce urine

117. What does organ A excrete?

118. Which organ detoxifies the blood?

•CO2 and H2O vapor

•B - Liver

119. Identify structures A, B, C, and D.

Kidney

Ureter

Urinary bladderUrethra

119. Identify structures A, B, C, and D.

• A – kidney, B – ureter, C – bladder, D - urethra

120. Which structure produces urine?

• A – kidneys

121. What is the path of urine?

• Kidneys ureters bladder urethra

122. What stores urine?

• C – bladder

123. What is the function of D?

• Transports urine out of the body

124. A muscle or gland which responds to a message carried to it by motor neurons is called a(n)

• effector125. A change in the surroundings

or the environment that triggers a nerve impulse is called a(n)

• Stimulus 126. The electrochemical message

that travels through the nervous system is known as the

• Impulse

127. Identify the parts of the brain labeled in the diagram.

medulla

cerebrum

cerebellum

spinal cord

128. Identify the part of the brain being describe.

a. What structure controls reasoning, memory, emotions, and habits?

• cerebrumb. What controls involuntary actions?• medullac. What controls and coordinates and

balance?• cerebellumd. Loss of memory as a result of an

accident would indicate damage to which part?

• cerebrume. What controls activities such as

breathing and heart rate?• medulla

129. Identify all glands labeled in the diagram.

Pituitary gland

Thyroid glandParathyroid gland

Islets of Langerhans

Ovaries

Adrenal glands

130. A hormone that increases the rate and strength of heart contractions during times of sudden stress is secreted by  which structure? What is the name of this hormone?

131. Hormones that regulate other glands such as the ovaries are secreted by  which structure?

132. What is the name of structure F? What is the function of its hormone?

133. What does the hormone secreted by structure B control?

Adrenal glands, Adrenaline

Pituitary gland

Parathyroid, controls calcium levels in blood

Metabolism