7.4.1

GhanaGhana

The Big IdeaThe Big Idea

The rulers of Ghana built an empire by controlling The rulers of Ghana built an empire by controlling the salt and gold trade.the salt and gold trade.

GhanaGhana

• Main Idea 1:Main Idea 1:– Ghana controlled trade and became wealthy.Ghana controlled trade and became wealthy.

GhanaGhana

• Ghana began when groups of farmers Ghana began when groups of farmers banded together. banded together.

• Ghana became a powerful state only Ghana became a powerful state only when it gained control of valuable trade when it gained control of valuable trade routes, especially the gold and salt trade. routes, especially the gold and salt trade.

gold salt slabs

GhanaGhana

• The exchange of gold and salt followed The exchange of gold and salt followed a process called a process called silent bartersilent barter. .

– This is a process in which people This is a process in which people exchange goods without ever exchange goods without ever contacting each other directly contacting each other directly because they do not understand because they do not understand each others language. each others language.

Thank you come again

GhanaGhana

• Ghana’s rulers gained Ghana’s rulers gained power and wealth, and the power and wealth, and the military grew in strength, military grew in strength, too. too.

The Empire of GhanaThe Empire of Ghana

• Main Idea 2:Main Idea 2:– Through its control of trade, Ghana built an empire.Through its control of trade, Ghana built an empire.

The Empire of GhanaThe Empire of Ghana

• The people of Ghana & the small The people of Ghana & the small neighboring tribes that Ghana neighboring tribes that Ghana controlled had to pay taxes. controlled had to pay taxes.

– Ghana also had rich gold mines.Ghana also had rich gold mines.

The Empire of GhanaThe Empire of Ghana

• Ghana protected traders with Ghana protected traders with its army. Traders were not its army. Traders were not afraid to travel to Ghana.afraid to travel to Ghana.

• A lot of traders passed A lot of traders passed through Ghana to get the through Ghana to get the gold and other resources. gold and other resources. Ghana made money by Ghana made money by forcing traders to pay taxes.forcing traders to pay taxes.

The Empire of GhanaThe Empire of Ghana

• Ghana’s kings used their great wealth to build a Ghana’s kings used their great wealth to build a powerful army & conquered many of their neighbors, powerful army & conquered many of their neighbors, especially ones that had centers of trade.especially ones that had centers of trade.

– The empire of Ghana reached its peak under a The empire of Ghana reached its peak under a ruler named ruler named Tunka ManinTunka Manin..

The Empire of GhanaThe Empire of Ghana

• To keep order in the empire, conquered kings were To keep order in the empire, conquered kings were allowed to keep much of their power. allowed to keep much of their power.

– Those conquered kings acted Those conquered kings acted as governors of their as governors of their territories.territories.

Ghana armies conqueredneighboring West AfricanTribes like you see here

Yesssss!

Ghana’s DeclineGhana’s Decline

• Main Idea 3:Main Idea 3:– Ghana’s decline was caused by attacking Ghana’s decline was caused by attacking

invaders, overgrazing, and the loss of trade.invaders, overgrazing, and the loss of trade.

Ghana’s DeclineGhana’s Decline

• InvasionInvasion

– A Muslim group called the Almoravids cut off A Muslim group called the Almoravids cut off many trade routes. Because of the Almoravids, many trade routes. Because of the Almoravids, Ghana eventually lost support of its empire. Ghana eventually lost support of its empire.

Almoravids

Ghana’s DeclineGhana’s Decline

Ghana’s DeclineGhana’s Decline

• OvergrazingOvergrazing

– When the Almoravids moved in, they brought When the Almoravids moved in, they brought herds of animals with them.herds of animals with them.

– These animals ate all the grass, leaving the These animals ate all the grass, leaving the land worthless for farming.land worthless for farming.

Ghana’s DeclineGhana’s Decline

Ghana’s DeclineGhana’s Decline

• Internal rebellionInternal rebellion

– The people that Ghana The people that Ghana had conquered eventually had conquered eventually rose up in rebellion and rose up in rebellion and overthrew the Ghana overthrew the Ghana empire.empire.

Who’s your daddy!

1. A process in which people 1. A process in which people exchange goods without being exchange goods without being

able to talk to each other.able to talk to each other.

B. Verbal barter

C. Silent barter

D. Ebarter

E. I don’t know

A. Nonverbal sale

2. Which statement is 2. Which statement is not true? not true?

B. Ghana allowed conquered kings to keep some of their powers.

C. Ghana controlled rich salt mines in their region.

D. Ghana protected traders with their army.

E. I don’t know

A. Ghana became rich by taxing traded items.

3. The Empire of Ghana became 3. The Empire of Ghana became rich because of its mighty army.rich because of its mighty army.

A. True

B. False - It became rich because it controlled the trade routes.

4. All of the following led to the 4. All of the following led to the fall of Ghana, EXCEPT….fall of Ghana, EXCEPT….

C. Internal rebellion by conquered tribes

D. Overgrazing left land worthless

E. I don’t know

A. Invasion from the Almoravids

B. Trade routes became useless and not used.